High-polysaccharide auricularia plicata strain and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-polysaccharide auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata, the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M 20242465, the strain is dense and neat in bacterial colony, long in growth period and resistant to high temperature, the cultivated auricularia delicata is high in nutrient substance content and neat in fruiting, moisture can be turned for 3-4 times, the yield can be greatly increased, the cost can be reduced, and the high-polysaccharide auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata strain Auricularia delicata and the market prospect is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the biological field, and in particular to a high-polysaccharide Auricularia auricula strain and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Auricularia delicata (Mont.ex Fr.) Henn., belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, class Agaricomycetes, order Agaricales, family Auriculariaceae, is an edible fungus used for both food and medicine. It is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, South America, and Asia. It has the function of improving the body's immune function and has a preventive and therapeutic effect on coronary heart disease. It is used as a traditional medicine in Manipur, India to treat gastrointestinal and liver diseases.

[0003] Auricularia auricula is one of the emerging edible fungi industries in my country. It is produced on a large scale in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Jilin and other places. It is one of the characteristic edible fungi species in the southwest and northeast regions. Because it has a special mushroom flavor and a taste between meat and gelatin, its fruiting body has reticular wrinkles on the ventral side, which not only increases the layering of eating, but also can retain the flavor substances of cooking ingredients. As a high-quality edible fungus ingredient, it has attracted much attention from consumers. However, there are few cultivated varieties of Auricularia auricula, and the reported varieties are all domesticated and systematically bred from wild germplasm resources. Auricularia auricula strains with better nutrition and texture are needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide Auricularia delicata strain Adel25 (Auricularia delicata), with a preservation number of CCTCC NO: M 20242465.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide application of the Auricularia auricula strain Adel25 in the cultivation and breeding of Auricularia auricula.

[0006] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the temperature of the Auricularia auricularia strain during the ear-growing period is 14-33°C.

[0007] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the wrinkled Auricularia auricula obtained by cultivating the wrinkled Auricularia auricula strain has a fresh ear slice having a brown-red ventral surface and a brown-gray back surface; a dried ear slice has a dark brown ventral surface and a gray back surface.

[0008] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the dry-to-wet ratio of the ear pieces of the wrinkled wood ear is 1:8-1:8.5.

[0009] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the crude polysaccharide content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 25%, preferably greater than 35%, and more preferably greater than 45%.

[0010] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the protein content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 3%, preferably greater than 4%, and more preferably greater than 5%.

[0011] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the total amino acid content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, and more preferably greater than 4%.

[0012] According to the preferred technical solution of the present invention, the Auricularia auricularia strain has good resistance and is free from specific diseases and insect pests.

[0013] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the hardness of the wrinkled fungus is greater than 300, preferably greater than 320, and more preferably greater than 340.

[0014] According to a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the elasticity of the wrinkled fungus is greater than 0.5, preferably greater than 0.7, and more preferably greater than 0.9.

[0015] Unless otherwise specified, when the present invention relates to the percentage between liquids, the percentage is volume / volume percentage; when the present invention relates to the percentage between liquids and solids, the percentage is volume / weight percentage; when the present invention relates to the percentage between solids and liquids, the percentage is weight / volume percentage; the rest are weight / weight percentages.

[0016] The present invention adopts the following detection method to detect:

[0017] 1. Dry-wet ratio: refers to the ratio of the dry weight of the ear piece to the wet weight after soaking. The wet weight test method is to soak the dry ear in water at room temperature for 4 hours, take it out and drain it, use absorbent paper to absorb the moisture on the surface of the ear piece, and weigh it, referring to "NY / T 3729-2020 Plant Variety Specificity (Distinguishability), Consistency and Stability Testing Guide".

[0018] 2. Amino acid: GB 5009.124-2016; protein: GB 5009.5-2016 Method 1; crude polysaccharide: NY / T1676-2023.

[0019] 3. Hardness and elasticity: The total texture analysis (TPA) method of the texture analyzer is used, with a pre-test speed of 1mm / s, a test speed of 1mm / s, a post-test speed of 1mm / s, a target mode of compression (strain), a deformation of 50%, and a trigger force of 5g. A cylindrical P75 probe (75mm in diameter) is used.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention include:

[0021] The wrinkled wood ear strain screened by the invention has dense and neat colonies, a long growth period (ears can be grown from May to September), and is resistant to high temperatures (ears can be grown at a maximum temperature of 33°C). The cultivated wrinkled wood ear has high nutrient content (polysaccharide content is 6 times that of ordinary wrinkled wood ear), neat ears can be grown, and the yield can be changed 3-4 times, which can greatly increase the yield (twice that of ordinary wrinkled wood ear). At the same time, the adaptability to raw materials is relatively wide (ordinary agricultural waste materials can be cultivated by formula), the cost is low, and the factory-based large-scale production mode suitable for one-time harvesting is adopted, and the market prospect is broad.

[0022] Biomaterial Deposit

[0023] The wrinkled fungus Adel25 (Auricularia delicata) of the present invention was submitted for preservation on November 7, 2024, with the preservation number CCTCC NO:M 20242465. The preservation unit is China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), and the preservation address is Luojia Mountain, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The front side of the Auricularia auricularia mycelium of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 The mycelium of Auricularia auricula of the present invention (cultivar);

[0026] Figure 3 The invention discloses the ventral surface of the fruiting body of Auricularia auricula. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

[0028] Example 1 Screening of Auricularia auricularia strains of the present invention

[0029] The wild Auricularia delicata fruiting bodies collected from Mount Emei, Sichuan Province, were separated from wild material tissues to obtain wild material strains, which were then purified by pure culture. The Auricularia delicata strain of the present invention was obtained by a systematic breeding method. The strain was identified as Auricularia delicata (Fr.) Henn. by morphological and ITS sequence analysis. The basidiospores of the strain are elliptical to oval, and the hyphae are translucent and filamentous with lock-like unions. The colony is dense and neat, and the fungus sticks have brown patches ( Figure 1-2 ).

[0030] The strain was named Auricularia delicata Adel25, and was submitted for deposit on November 7, 2024, with the deposit number CCTCC NO:M 20242465. The depositor is China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), and the deposit address is Luojia Mountain, Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province.

[0031] Example 2 Field test study of the Auricularia auricula strain of the present invention

[0032] The field experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of an experimental base in Shifang City, Sichuan Province, and the Auricularia auricula Adel25 of the present invention was used to conduct a variety regional test for two consecutive years.

[0033] Potato dextrose agar medium (PDA): contains 200g potato, 20g glucose, 20g agar and 1000mL distilled water; take 20mL of the medium and put it into a test tube (test tube diameter 20mm×200mm), sterilize at 121℃ for 30min, cool, and you will get a test tube filled with PDA solid medium.

[0034] Preparation of Auricularia auricularia mycelium culture: The Auricularia auricularia strain Adel25 of the present invention is placed in a test tube (test tube diameter 20 mm×200 mm) containing a PDA solid culture medium, and cultured at 25° C. for 15 days to obtain the culture medium.

[0035] A cultivation bag (200 mm × 480 mm × 0.28 mm) containing 1000 g of cultivation material: the composition of the cultivation material by weight is 330 g of sawdust, 100 g of cottonseed hulls, 300 g of corn cobs, 200 g of wheat bran, 20 g of corn flour, 40 g of lime, 10 g of gypsum and 600 g of water. The cultivation bag is sterilized at 121°C for 2.5 hours and then cooled for use.

[0036] The test method is: shelf-type bag planting, no less than 60 bags, with 3 replicates. Bags are made in December, and ears are grown from May to September of the following year. The cultivation bags with an inoculation amount of 10g of Auricularia auricularia mycelium culture / bag are placed in a culture room at 18-26℃ and protected from light for 30 days for ear management. The temperature during the ear growth period is 14℃~33℃, and the relative humidity of the air in the ear shed is maintained at 85%~95%; the light intensity should not exceed 310 lux on sunny days, and the ventilation is good. The shed door is opened for ventilation in the morning and evening, and the ventilation time is 15-30 minutes / day. The edges of the fruiting body ear pieces are slightly upturned and can be harvested.

[0037] The cultivation results show that the yield is 87.1g / bag in dry weight and 696.8g / bag in fresh weight. The mature fruiting bodies are single-piece clustered, with smooth edges. The ventral side of the fresh ear is covered with vein-like wrinkles, brown-red, and the back is brown-gray; the ventral side of the dry ear is dark brown, and the back is gray ( Figure 3); When the ears come out from both ends of the long stick cultivation in the shed, the length of the fresh ears is 60.3-66.4 mm, the width of the ears is 71.3-76.8 mm, the thickness of the ears is 2.0-3.4 mm, and the dry-wet ratio of the ears is 1:8.

[0038] Routine nutrient composition determination of mature fruiting body dried ear slices showed that each 100 grams contained 49.5g of crude polysaccharide, 5.32g of protein, and 4.1g of total amino acids. The taste quality was crisp and elastic, with a hardness value of 344.12±22.058 and an elasticity value of 0.91±0.013.

[0039] In addition, statistics show that the contamination rate of the cultivated species of Auricularia auricula mycelium is only 3.5%, and the infected bacteria are common edible fungi green mold in production, and the infection is caused by the damage of the cultivation bag. No specific diseases and insect pests occur during the ear-growing period, indicating that the Auricularia auricula of the present invention has strong resistance to foreign bacteria.

[0040] The above description of the specific embodiments of the present invention does not limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications based on the present invention. As long as they do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Auricularia delicata strain Adel25, accession number CCTCC NO:M 20242465.

2. Use of the Auricularia auricula strain as claimed in claim 1 in the cultivation and breeding of Auricularia auricula.

3. The use according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the Auricularia auricularia strain during the ear-growing period is 14-33°C.

4. The use according to any one of claims 2-3, wherein the Auricularia auricula cultivated with the Auricularia auricula strain has fresh auricles with a brown-red ventral surface and a brown-gray dorsal surface; and dried auricles with a dark brown ventral surface and a gray dorsal surface.

5. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the dry-to-wet ratio of the ear pieces of the Auricularia auricula is 1:8-1:8.

5.

6. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the crude polysaccharide content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 25%, preferably greater than 35%, and more preferably greater than 45%.

7. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the protein content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 3%, preferably greater than 4%, and more preferably greater than 5%.

8. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the total amino acid content of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 2%, preferably greater than 3%, and more preferably greater than 4%.

9. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the hardness of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 300, preferably greater than 320, and more preferably greater than 340.

10. The use according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the elasticity of the Auricularia auricula is greater than 0.5, preferably greater than 0.7, and more preferably greater than 0.9.

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