Surface treatment equipment for metal materials

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and specifically discloses a surface treatment equipment for metal materials, including a fuel supply system, a high-pressure oxygen supply system, a carrier gas powder delivery system and a burner, wherein the burner includes a shell, a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber, a horn head, a heating chamber, a first Laval tube, a second Laval tube and a third Laval tube of a rotating body structure are arranged in the shell, the center line of the combustion chamber, the center line of the mixing chamber and the center line of the horn head are located on the same straight line, the combustion chamber is connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end and the fuel output end respectively, the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber are connected through the first Laval tube, and the mixing chamber and the horn head are connected through the second Laval tube; one end of the heating chamber is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber through the third Laval tube, and a heating assembly is arranged on the heating chamber. The powder metal spraying utilization rate of the present invention is high, which solves the problem of low powder metal spraying utilization rate and large waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment and relates to a surface treatment device for a metal material. Background Art

[0002] The surface treatment processes of metal materials mainly include electrochemical method, chemical method, thermal processing method, vacuum method, painting, impact plating, laser surface treatment, superhard film technology, electrophoresis and electrostatic spraying. Among them, the electrochemical method includes electroplating and oxidation, the chemical method includes chemical conversion film treatment and chemical plating, the thermal processing method includes hot dip plating, hot stamping, thermal spraying and surfacing, and the vacuum method includes physical vapor deposition, ion implantation and chemical vapor deposition.

[0003] Among them, according to the definition in the national standard GB / T18719-2002 "Thermal Spraying Terminology and Classification", thermal spraying technology is a method of using a heat source to heat the spraying material to a molten or semi-molten state, and spraying and depositing it on the pre-treated substrate surface at a certain speed to form a coating. Thermal spraying technology can create a special working surface on the surface of ordinary materials to achieve a series of functions such as corrosion resistance, wear resistance, friction reduction, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, heat insulation, insulation, conductivity, and microwave radiation protection, so as to save materials and energy. Its special working surface is defined as a coating, and the working method of manufacturing the coating is called thermal spraying.

[0004] The flame spray gun is the core equipment in thermal spraying technology, and generally has an expansion nozzle 15. The structure diagram of the expansion nozzle 15 is shown in Figure 2 A confluence cavity and a plurality of guide channels are provided in the expansion nozzle 15. Oxygen 16, compressed air 18 and fuel gas 17 are introduced into the expansion nozzle 15 through the guide channels. The mixture of the fuel gas 17 and the oxygen 16 is burned to generate a high-temperature flame. After the carrier gas carries the powdered metal 19 to the front end of the expansion nozzle 15, the high-temperature flame after combustion merges in the confluence cavity, and the powdered metal 19 is heated to a molten or semi-molten state. The molten powdered metal 19 is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate 13 in the form of a diamond shock wave 14 through a high-speed airflow to form a coating 12.

[0005] However, at present, statistics show that under the condition of thermal spraying using a flame spray gun of this structure, the average utilization rate of the powder metal is only 50% to 70%. The spraying utilization rate of the powder metal is low, resulting in great waste. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment device for metal materials, which can improve the stability of temperature and speed after the gas and powder metal are mixed, promote the melting efficiency and stability of the powder metal, improve the spraying utilization rate of the powder metal, and reduce the economic cost.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A surface treatment device for metal materials, comprising:

[0009] a fuel supply system having a fuel output;

[0010] A high-pressure oxygen supply system having a high-pressure oxygen output terminal;

[0011] A carrier gas powder feeding system uses an inert gas to carry powdered metal for movement and has a carrier gas powder feeding output terminal;

[0012] A burner nozzle comprises a shell, wherein a combustion chamber, a mixing chamber, a horn head, a heating chamber, a first Laval tube, a second Laval tube and a third Laval tube of a rotating body structure are arranged in the shell, wherein the center line of the combustion chamber, the center line of the mixing chamber and the center line of the horn head are located on the same straight line, the combustion chamber is communicated with a high-pressure oxygen output end and a fuel output end respectively, the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber are communicated with each other through the first Laval tube, and the mixing chamber and the horn head are communicated with each other through the second Laval tube; one end of the heating chamber is connected with the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the other end is communicated with the mixing chamber through the third Laval tube; a heating assembly is arranged on the heating chamber, and the heating assembly is used to preheat the inert gas and powdered metal passing through the heating chamber;

[0013] The fuel and high-pressure oxygen are mixed in the combustion chamber to form a combustible gas mixture, which is burned under high pressure in the combustion chamber to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, which is accelerated by the first Laval tube and reaches the mixing chamber. The preheated inert gas and powdered metal are accelerated by the third Laval tube and reach the mixing chamber, where they are heated again by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and melted to become molten powdered metal. The molten powdered metal is carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and accelerated again by the second Laval tube, and is ejected from the horn head and hits the surface of the metal material to form a coating.

[0014] Further, the throat areas of the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube meet the following relationship:

[0015] ;

[0016] in, is the specific heat ratio of high temperature and high pressure gas, is the throat area of ​​the first Laval tube, is the throat area of ​​the second Laval tube, is the inlet pressure of the second Laval tube, is the outlet pressure of the first Laval tube.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle between the center line of the heating chamber and the side of the center line of the mixing chamber toward the combustion chamber is ɑ, and ɑ is an acute angle.

[0018] Furthermore, a second joint and a third joint are provided on the combustion chamber, the third joint is connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end, the second joint is connected to the fuel output end, and the angle between the center line of the second joint and the center line of the third joint is β, and β is an acute angle.

[0019] Furthermore, the angle between α and β is 30°~50°.

[0020] Furthermore, a first joint is provided on the heating chamber, the first joint is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, a spiral channel is provided on the inner wall of the first joint, and the spiral channel is used to make the inert gas generate a vortex to extend the movement time in the heating chamber.

[0021] Furthermore, the spiral channel includes a plurality of multi-start threads evenly distributed and spaced apart on the inner side wall of the first joint, the number of the multi-start threads is 2 to 4, the helix angle of a single thread is 5° to 8°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint is 1:6 to 8.

[0022] Furthermore, the number of starts of the multi-start thread is 3, the helix angle of a single thread is 6°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint is 1:7.5.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a surface treatment device for metal materials, wherein the burner of the device is connected to a first Laval tube between a combustion chamber and a mixing chamber, and a second Laval tube is connected between the mixing chamber and the horn head, and the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube constitute a multi-stage expansion structure. The high-temperature and high-pressure airflow flows through the multi-stage expansion structure constituted by the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube, which can further increase the speed of the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow. In addition, the inert gas and powdered metal passing through the heating chamber are preheated by a heating component, which can increase the temperature of the inert gas and powdered metal. After being accelerated again by the third Laval tube, the thermal shock, heat loss and deceleration effect of the mixture of the inert gas and powdered metal on the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow are reduced, the stability of the temperature and speed of the gas and powdered metal after mixing is improved, the melting efficiency and stability of the powdered metal are guaranteed, the spraying utilization rate of the powdered metal is improved, the economic cost is reduced, the practicability is strong, and it is worthy of promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of the burner of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a prior art structure diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is the overall structural block diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Mixing chamber; 3. Horn head; 4. Heating chamber; 5. First Laval tube; 6. Second Laval tube; 7. Third Laval tube; 8. Heating assembly; 9. First joint; 10. Second joint; 11. Third joint; 12. Coating; 13. Substrate; 14. Diamond shock wave; 15. Expansion nozzle; 16. Oxygen; 17. Fuel gas; 18. Compressed air; 19. Powdered metal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The flame spray gun is the core equipment in thermal spraying technology. It has a nozzle. The nozzle structure diagram is shown in Figure 2 A plurality of guide channels and a confluence cavity are arranged in the nozzle. Oxygen, compressed air and fuel gas are introduced into the nozzle through the guide channels. The mixture of fuel gas and oxygen is burned to generate a high-temperature flame. After the carrier gas carries the powdered metal to the front end of the nozzle, the high-temperature flame after combustion merges in the confluence cavity, heating the spraying material to a molten or semi-molten state, and spraying it onto the surface of the substrate through a high-speed airflow to form a coating.

[0031] After statistics, it was found that under the condition of thermal spraying using a flame spray gun of this structure, the average utilization rate of the powder metal was only 50%~70%. The spraying utilization rate of the powder metal was low, resulting in great waste.

[0032] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a surface treatment device for metal materials.

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and fully described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In addition, it should be further explained that, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B: “and / or” in the text is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, “multiple” refers to two or more than two.

[0036] The following terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as suggesting or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The present invention provides a surface treatment device for metal materials, such as Figure 3 The block diagram shown in FIG. 1 includes a fuel supply system, a high-pressure oxygen supply system, a carrier gas powder delivery system and a burner.

[0039] Specifically, the fuel supply system is used to provide fuel and is connected to the burner through a fuel output end.

[0040] The high-pressure oxygen supply system is used to provide high-pressure oxygen and is connected to the burner through the high-pressure oxygen output end.

[0041] The carrier gas powder feeding system is used to use inert gas to carry powdered metal for movement, and is connected to the burner through the carrier gas powder feeding output end.

[0042] It should be noted that in a narrow sense, inert gas mainly refers to noble gases, i.e., elements of the 18th group of the periodic table. They have a stable outer electron structure (full shell) and hardly react chemically with other substances. In the present invention, inert gas is used to carry powdered metal for movement. From the perspective of economy and ease of acquisition, industrial inert gas nitrogen is selected as the gas carrier.

[0043] Burner, such as Figure 1As shown, its structure includes a shell, in which a combustion chamber 1, a mixing chamber 2, a horn head 3, a heating chamber 4, a first Laval tube 5, a second Laval tube 6 and a third Laval tube 7 in a rotating body structure are arranged. The center lines of the combustion chamber 1, the mixing chamber 2 and the horn head 3 are located on the same straight line. The combustion chamber 1 is connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end and the fuel output end respectively. The combustion chamber 1 and the mixing chamber 2 are connected through the first Laval tube 5, and the mixing chamber 2 and the horn head 3 are connected through the second Laval tube 6. One end of the heating chamber 4 is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber 2 through the third Laval tube 7. A heating assembly 8 is arranged on the heating chamber 4, and the heating assembly 8 is used to preheat the inert gas and powder metal passing through the heating chamber 4.

[0044] It should be noted that the aspect ratio of the horn head 3 is preferably 2: (1.5-2.5).

[0045] When in use, the fuel and high-pressure oxygen are mixed in the combustion chamber 1 to form a combustible gas mixture, which is then burned under high pressure in the combustion chamber 1 to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, which is accelerated to a supersonic speed through the first Laval tube 5 and reaches the mixing chamber 2. The preheated inert gas and powdered metal are accelerated to a supersonic speed through the third Laval tube 7 and reach the mixing chamber 2, where they are heated again by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and melted into molten powdered metal. The molten powdered metal is carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and accelerated again through the second Laval tube 6, and is ejected from the horn head 3 and hits the surface of the metal material to form a coating.

[0046] It should be noted that the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the high-pressure combustion of fuel and high-pressure oxygen in the combustion chamber 1 is between 2800°C and 3000°C, and the pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas is between 0.4MPa and 0.8MPa. For safety reasons, the design threshold pressure is generally not more than 0.9MPa after adding the safety margin coefficient, and the threshold temperature is generally not more than 3100°C.

[0047] Supersonic means that the combustion flame velocity generated by high-temperature and high-pressure gas exceeds the speed of sound. Specifically, the combustion flame velocity in the device of this embodiment can reach more than 2400m / s.

[0048] Since the temperature inside the burner is very high after it is turned on, a corresponding cooling structure is also provided on the outer shell of the burner. The cooling structure can be implemented by conventional water cooling or air cooling. In addition, a heat insulation structure is added to the part that is convenient for holding to prevent scalding of the operator, so as to improve safety.

[0049] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the heating component 8 can be implemented by a conventional heating wire heating structure or a microwave heating structure. In the present invention, a heating wire is preset on the inner wall of the heating chamber 4, and the heating wire is spirally arranged around the inner wall of the heating chamber 4, and the heating wire is electrically connected to an external control component to facilitate the control of the heating temperature of the heating wire. When the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal enters the inner cavity of the heating chamber 4 from the inlet of the heating chamber 4, it can absorb heat, so that the temperature of the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal is increased and then flows out from the outlet of the heating chamber 4. The heat generated by the heating wire is transferred to the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal through the gas in the heating chamber 4, thereby achieving a heating effect on the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal. Under this mode of action, the heat conduction efficiency is high, and the heating speed of the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal is fast.

[0050] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the fuel supply system includes a first gas tank, the first gas tank is used to store hydrogen, the outlet of the first gas tank is sequentially provided with a first valve and a first mass flowmeter, and the first mass flowmeter is connected to the fuel output end. The first valve is used to control the opening and closing of the gas tank, and in order to facilitate automation, the first valve can be set as an electric valve. The first mass flowmeter is used to control the flow rate and flow rate of the outflowing hydrogen, and can also be set as an electrical control structure to facilitate centralized control.

[0051] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the high-pressure oxygen supply system includes a second gas tank, the second gas tank is used to store oxygen, the outlet of the second gas tank is connected to the inlet of the second valve, the outlet of the second valve is connected to the inlet of the first booster pump, the outlet of the first booster pump is connected to the inlet of the second mass flowmeter, and the outlet of the second mass flowmeter is connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end. In the above structure, the first booster pump is used to pressurize oxygen to form high-pressure oxygen, and the second valve and the second mass flowmeter can also be set as an electrically controlled structure for the convenience of automation.

[0052] When in use, the second mass flow meter can be adjusted to a preset value. After the second valve is opened, oxygen flows out through the second valve, the first booster pump and the second mass flow meter in sequence to obtain high-pressure oxygen pressurized by the first booster pump. The high-pressure oxygen can be output to the burner through the high-pressure oxygen output end.

[0053] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the carrier gas powder delivery system includes a vertically arranged powder storage tank, the powder storage tank is used to store powder metal to form the coating, the outlet of the powder storage tank is connected to the inlet of the third valve, the outlet of the third valve is connected to the inlet of the third mass flowmeter, the outlet of the third mass flowmeter is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the carrier gas powder delivery output end is also connected to the fourth output end of the high-pressure nitrogen supply system, and the high-pressure nitrogen supply system is used to provide high-pressure nitrogen. In the above structure, the third valve and the third mass flowmeter can also be set as an electrically controlled structure in order to facilitate automation.

[0054] When in use, the third mass flow meter can be adjusted to a preset value. After the third valve is opened, the powdered metal flows out through the third valve and the third mass flow meter in sequence, and is mixed with high-pressure nitrogen to obtain powdered metal carried by nitrogen.

[0055] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the high-pressure nitrogen supply system includes a third gas tank, the third gas tank is used to store nitrogen, the outlet of the third gas tank is connected to the inlet of the fourth valve, the outlet of the fourth valve is connected to the inlet of the second booster pump, the outlet of the second booster pump is connected to the inlet of the fourth mass flow meter, and the outlet of the fourth mass flow meter is connected to the fourth output end. In the above structure, the fourth valve and the fourth mass flow meter can be set as an electric control structure to facilitate centralized control.

[0056] When in use, the fourth mass flow meter can be adjusted to a preset value. After the fourth valve is opened, nitrogen flows out through the fourth valve, the second booster pump and the fourth mass flow meter in sequence, and is mixed with the powdered metal to obtain powdered metal carried by nitrogen.

[0057] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, in order to make the multi-stage expansion structure formed by the first Laval tube 5 and the second Laval tube 6 have a better effect, ensure that the outlet airflow of each stage of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the burner is supersonic, avoid the subsonic region between the stages, and avoid the phenomenon of excessive single-stage expansion ratio causing shock waves or separation flow, the first Laval tube 5 and the second Laval tube 6 are limited so that the throat areas of the first Laval tube 5 and the second Laval tube 6 meet the following relationship:

[0058] ;

[0059] in, is the specific heat ratio of high temperature and high pressure gas, is the throat area of ​​the first Laval tube 5, is the throat area of ​​the second Laval tube 6, is the inlet pressure of the second Laval tube 6, is the outlet pressure of the first Laval tube 5 .

[0060] As a further implementation scheme of the present embodiment, in order to prevent the mixture of inert gas and powdered metal from generating excessive counterforce on the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas during the mixing process and to avoid a substantial drop in the temperature and velocity of the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, in addition, the angle between the center line of the heating chamber 4 and the side of the center line of the mixing chamber 2 facing the combustion chamber 1 is designed to be ɑ, where ɑ is an acute angle. The design of the acute angle reduces the component of force in the vertical direction during the counterforce, thereby weakening the force and reducing the impact on the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas.

[0061] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, in order to coordinate the impact force and speed, ɑ is set between 30° and 50°, preferably ɑ is 45°, at which time the synergistic effect is best.

[0062] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, in order to prevent the fuel and high-pressure oxygen from generating excessive impact force during the confluence process, thereby affecting the travel speed, in addition, a first joint 9 is designed to be provided on the heating chamber 4, and the first joint 9 is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end. The combustion chamber 1 has a second joint 10 and a third joint 11, the third joint 11 is connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end, and the second joint 10 is connected to the fuel output end. The angle between the center line of the second joint 10 and the center line of the third joint 11 is β, and β is an acute angle. The design of the acute angle makes the component force in the vertical direction small during the impact, so that its force can be weakened, so that its influence on the travel speed is small.

[0063] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, in order to coordinate the impact force and speed, β is set between 30° and 50°, preferably β is 45°, at which time the synergistic effect is best and the impact on the travel speed of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is small.

[0064] The burner nozzle of the equipment is connected with a first Laval tube between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber, and a second Laval tube is connected between the mixing chamber and the horn head. The first Laval tube and the second Laval tube constitute a multi-stage expansion structure. The high-temperature and high-pressure airflow flows through the multi-stage expansion structure constituted by the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube, which can further increase the speed of the high-temperature and high-pressure airflow. With the cooperation of the above-mentioned structures, the impact effect between the fuel, oxygen, inert gas and powdered metal is minimized, and the combined speed is maximized. At this time, the temperature and speed stability of the mixture formed by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and the powdered metal after the secondary acceleration are good, and the melting efficiency of the powdered metal is also high.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] As a further improvement scheme based on Example 1, in order to further improve the spraying utilization rate of powder metal and reduce its waste, a spiral channel is provided on the inner wall of the first joint 9, and the spiral channel is used to make the inert gas generate a vortex, thereby carrying the powder metal to move in the heating chamber 4 in the form of a spiral advance, which can extend the movement time of the powder metal in the heating chamber 4, thereby improving the temperature and melting efficiency of the powder metal.

[0067] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, the above-mentioned spiral channel includes a plurality of multi-start threads evenly distributed and spaced apart on the inner wall of the first joint 9, the number of heads of the multi-start threads is between 2 and 4, the helix angle of a single thread is between 5° and 8°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint 9 is 1:(6~8).

[0068] As a further implementation scheme of this embodiment, when the number of heads of the multi-start thread is 3, the helix angle of a single thread is 6°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint 9 is 1:7.5, the state of the powder metal is optimal and the melting effect is best.

[0069] A surface treatment method is performed using the above-mentioned surface treatment equipment for metal materials, see Figure 4 The flowchart includes the following steps:

[0070] Adjust the parameters of the fuel supply system and the high-pressure oxygen supply system to initially set the oxygen-fuel ratio, and observe the flame shape ejected from the burner. The ideal state is a neutral flame with bright blue inner flame + light blue outer flame. When the flame color is a dazzling white oxidizing flame, reduce the oxygen ratio. When the flame color is a red feather-like reducing flame, increase the oxygen ratio.

[0071] Place the burner nozzle vertically on the surface of the metal material, initially set the spraying distance, and adjust the powder feeding rate of the carrier gas powder feeding system until the burner nozzle is not blocked. The ideal state is that the powdered metal sprayed onto the surface of the metal material is fully melted and the spraying distance will not cause the surface temperature of the metal material to exceed the preset temperature threshold. When the powdered metal is not fully melted, increase the preset temperature of the heating component 8 or increase the spraying distance. When the surface temperature of the metal material exceeds the preset temperature threshold, increase the spraying distance.

[0072] Judge the coating quality. If the coating porosity is high, shorten the spraying distance or increase the oxygen-fuel ratio. If there are many unmelted particles of powder metal, reduce the powder feeding rate of the carrier gas powder feeding system or increase the oxygen-fuel ratio until the coating quality meets the preset requirements.

[0073] Furthermore, the initial oxygen-fuel ratio is (1.2~1.45):1, and the initial spraying distance is 155mm~195mm.

[0074] In summary, the present invention provides a surface treatment device for metal materials, wherein the burner of the device is connected to a first Laval tube between the combustion chamber and the mixing chamber, and a second Laval tube is connected between the mixing chamber and the horn head, and the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube form a multi-stage expansion structure, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow flows through the multi-stage expansion structure formed by the first Laval tube and the second Laval tube, which can further increase the speed of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow. In addition, the heating component is used to preheat the inert gas and powder metal passing through the heating chamber, which can increase the temperature of the inert gas and powder metal. After being accelerated again by the third Laval tube, the thermal shock, heat loss and deceleration effect of the mixture of the inert gas and powder metal on the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flow are reduced, and the temperature and speed stability of the gas and powder metal after mixing are improved, and the melting efficiency and stability of the powder metal are guaranteed. After being processed by the equipment, the spraying utilization rate of the powder metal reaches 75%~80%, which greatly improves the spraying utilization rate of the powder metal, greatly reduces the waste of powder metal, reduces the economic cost, has strong practicality, and is worth promoting.

[0075] It will be understood that the present invention is described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0076] In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of the present invention are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface treatment device for metal materials, comprising: a fuel supply system having a fuel output; A high-pressure oxygen supply system having a high-pressure oxygen output terminal; The carrier gas powder delivery system uses an inert gas to carry the powdered metal for movement and has a carrier gas powder delivery output end; it is characterized by further comprising: A burner, comprising a shell, wherein a combustion chamber (1), a mixing chamber (2), a horn head (3), a heating chamber (4), a first Laval tube (5), a second Laval tube (6) and a third Laval tube (7) of a rotating body structure are arranged in the shell, wherein the center line of the combustion chamber (1), the center line of the mixing chamber (2) and the center line of the horn head (3) are located on the same straight line, the combustion chamber (1) is connected to a high-pressure oxygen output end and a fuel output end respectively, the combustion chamber (1) and the mixing chamber (2) are connected via the first Laval tube (5), and the mixing chamber (2) and the horn head (3) are connected via the second Laval tube (6); one end of the heating chamber (4) is connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the other end is connected to the mixing chamber (2) via the third Laval tube (7); a heating component (8) is arranged on the heating chamber (4), and the heating component (8) is used to preheat the inert gas and powder metal passing through the heating chamber (4); The fuel and high-pressure oxygen are mixed in the combustion chamber (1) to form a combustible gas mixture, which is combusted under high pressure in the combustion chamber (1) to generate high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas, which is accelerated by the first Laval tube (5) and reaches the mixing chamber (2). The preheated inert gas and powdered metal are accelerated by the third Laval tube (7) and reach the mixing chamber (2), where they are heated again by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and melted to form molten powdered metal. The molten powdered metal is carried by the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas and accelerated again by the second Laval tube (6), and is ejected from the horn head (3) and impacts the surface of the metal material to form a coating. The angle between the center line of the heating chamber (4) and the side of the center line of the mixing chamber (2) facing the combustion chamber (1) is ɑ, and ɑ is an acute angle; The throat areas of the first Laval tube (5) and the second Laval tube (6) satisfy the following relationship: ； in, is the specific heat ratio of high temperature and high pressure gas, is the throat area of ​​the first Laval tube (5), is the throat area of ​​the second Laval tube (6), is the inlet pressure of the second Laval tube (6), is the outlet pressure of the first Laval tube (5).

2. The surface treatment equipment for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (1) is provided with a second joint (10) and a third joint (11), the third joint (11) being connected to the high-pressure oxygen output end, the second joint (10) being connected to the fuel output end, the angle between the center line of the second joint (10) and the center line of the third joint (11) being β, and β being an acute angle.

3. The surface treatment equipment for metal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angles of ɑ and β are between 30° and 50°.

4. The surface treatment equipment for metal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating chamber (4) is provided with a first joint (9), the first joint (9) being connected to the carrier gas powder delivery output end, and the inner side wall of the first joint (9) is provided with a spiral channel, the spiral channel being used to cause the inert gas to generate a vortex, thereby prolonging the movement time in the heating chamber (4).

5. The surface treatment equipment for metal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spiral channel comprises a plurality of multi-start threads evenly distributed and spaced apart on the inner side wall of the first joint (9), the number of the multi-start threads being 2 to 4, the helix angle of a single thread being 5° to 8°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint (9) being 1:(6 to 8).

6. The surface treatment equipment for metal materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of starts of the multi-start thread is 3, the helix angle of a single thread is 6°, and the ratio of the height of a single thread to the radius of the first joint (9) is 1:7.5.

Images