Underground coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mining, in particular to an underground coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problem that an underground coal mine pressure relief device in the prior art is inconvenient to treat falling broken stones: the underground coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device comprises a cart and a pressure relief part mounted at the top of the cart, comprising a hollow fixing rod arranged at the top of the cart, a plurality of abutting pieces connected to the periphery of the top end of the fixing rod through elastic pieces, and a driving assembly installed on the inner side of the fixing rod and used for driving the abutting pieces to expand outwards. And the material receiving structure comprises a mounting disc movably arranged on the periphery of the fixing rod in a sleeving mode, a fixing ring and a material receiving hopper, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected with the top face of the mounting disc. According to the device, the receiving hopper can be opened in the erecting process of the fixing rod so as to contain broken stones, the receiving hopper can be folded in the laying-down process of the fixing rod, the situation that the receiving hopper occupies a large size is avoided, and the broken stones in the folded receiving hopper can be conveniently discharged after the fixing rod is laid down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of coal mining, and in particular to a roof pressure relief and loss reduction device for underground coal mines. Background Art

[0002] During coal mining, the stability of underground mine tunnels is the prerequisite for safe mining. As the mining surface continues to move, the stress on the roof of the mining tunnel will also change continuously, which will increase the difficulty of maintaining the mining tunnel. For the safety of the roof, certain measures need to be taken to relieve the pressure on the roof, thereby reducing damage to the roof.

[0003] At present, the commonly used pressure relief methods include deep hole blasting and hydraulic fracturing. The former is not easy to control the explosion range and is too uncontrollable, while the latter is easy to cause groundwater pollution. For this reason, there is also a method in the prior art that drills a hole at the top of the tunnel and then squeezes and expands it outward from the inside of the drill hole to create cracks, thereby achieving the purpose of pressure relief. However, this method is prone to cause gravel to fall during the squeezing process. The prior art uses a shielding method to deal with gravel, but this method can only prevent the gravel from falling, but cannot conveniently clean up the collected gravel from the shielding device in time, thereby affecting the progress of subsequent projects. For this reason, this scheme proposes a coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a coal mine underground roof pressure relief and loss reduction device, which solves the problem that the coal mine underground pressure relief device in the prior art is inconvenient to handle fallen gravel.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device comprises a trolley and a pressure relief part installed on the top of the trolley, wherein the pressure relief part comprises:

[0007] The squeezing mechanism includes a hollow fixed rod disposed on the top of the cart, a plurality of abutment sheets connected to the outer periphery of the top end of the fixed rod through an elastic member, and a driving assembly installed on the inner side of the fixed rod for driving the abutment sheets to expand outwards;

[0008] The material receiving structure comprises a mounting plate, a fixing ring and a material receiving hopper movably sleeved on the outer periphery of a fixing rod, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate, the top surface of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to a plurality of mounting rods through a reset member, the material receiving hopper is a funnel-shaped structure made of a flexible material, and the inner ring of the bottom of the material receiving hopper is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring, a plurality of mounting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the material receiving hopper, the bottom surface of the mounting is connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod by a pull rope, and the outer periphery of the fixing rod is installed with a telescopic rod 2 for driving the mounting plate to move;

[0009] A lifting mechanism, mounted on the top of the cart and used to drive the fixing rod to rise and fall;

[0010] The steering mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is used to drive the fixed rod to rotate.

[0011] Through the above technical scheme, not only can the receiving hopper be opened to receive gravel when the fixing rod is erected, but the receiving hopper can also be folded when the fixing rod is laid down to avoid it occupying a large volume and to facilitate the discharge of gravel in the folded receiving hopper after the fixing rod is laid down.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above solution, a chute for discharging crushed stones in the receiving hopper is provided on the top of the cart, and a push rod is installed on one side of the top of the cart.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, the lifting mechanism includes a plurality of hydraulic cylinders installed on the top of the cart and a lifting seat installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and the fixing rod is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting seat through a hinge.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the hinged component includes two mounting plates fixed on the top of the lifting seat and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the outer wall on the opposite side of the two mounting plates, the other ends of the two fixed shafts are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod, and a fixed gear is sleeved on the outer periphery of one of the fixed shafts.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above solution, the steering mechanism includes a telescopic rod 1 installed on the top of the lifting seat and an adjusting rack fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod 1, and the adjusting rack is meshed with the fixed gear.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 1 is utilized to drive the adjustment rack to move, thereby driving the fixing rod to be erected or lowered.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the elastic member includes a connecting spring and an abutment block fixed on the outer wall of the abutment plate on one side close to the fixed rod, the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod, the other end of the abutment block is a right-angled triangle mechanism, and a socket that matches the outer periphery of the abutment block is opened on the outer periphery of the fixed rod, and one end of the right-angled triangle of the abutment block is inserted into the inner side of the fixed rod through the socket.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the driving assembly includes a partition fixed on the inner side of the fixed rod, a hydraulic cylinder 2 fixed on the top of the partition and an abutment column fixed on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The end of the abutment column away from the hydraulic cylinder 2 is a conical structure and abuts against the abutment block.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the top surface of the mounting disk, a through hole is provided on the side of the mounting groove away from the axis of the mounting disk, the reset member is arranged in the mounting groove, the reset member includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting groove, a connecting gear sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and a transmission rack movably arranged in the mounting groove and meshing with the connecting gear, one end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, a spring block is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack, and a reset spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the spring block, the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting groove, and the other end of the transmission rack extends to the outside of the mounting disk through the through hole.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the material receiving hopper is driven to open or close by opening and closing the mounting rod.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, an adjustment mechanism is also installed on the outer periphery of the mounting disk for driving the receiving hopper to open after the mounting rod is laid down. The adjustment mechanism includes a gear ring rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting disk and a plurality of pressing assemblies installed on the outer ring of the mounting disk. The plurality of pressing assemblies respectively correspond to a plurality of transmission racks, so as to push the transmission racks to move toward the side close to the axis of the mounting disk after the gear ring rotates.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the receiving hopper can be driven to open or close by rotating the gear ring after the receiving hopper is closed, so as to facilitate the cleaning of gravel in the receiving hopper.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the pressing assembly includes a mounting frame fixed to the outer periphery of the mounting plate, a screw rotatably connected to the mounting frame, a screw sleeve threadedly sleeved on one end of the screw and a transmission gear fixed at the other end of the screw, the transmission gear is meshed with the ring gear, the outer peripheral movable sleeve of the screw sleeve is provided with a limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the screw sleeve is coaxially arranged with the transmission rack.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the rotation of the screw rod is used to drive the screw sleeve to move, thereby pushing the transmission rack to move, so as to achieve the purpose of facilitating the opening of the installation rod.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Through the setting of the squeezing mechanism, the abutment sheet can be inserted into the drilled hole at the top of the underground tunnel and then expanded, thereby pressurizing the drilled hole to fracture it, thereby achieving the purpose of relieving the pressure on the underground roof, and the setting of the receiving mechanism can be used to receive the gravel that falls during the pressure process.

[0027] 2. The setting of the steering mechanism can drive the fixed rod to rotate, so that the fixed rod can be erected when working and laid down when not in use for easy movement. The setting of the telescopic rod 2 can drive the mounting plate to move toward the end of the fixed rod while the fixed rod is erected, so that the receiving hopper gradually opens during the movement. The setting of the reset member can automatically close the receiving hopper as the telescopic rod 2 contracts during the process of laying down the fixed rod.

[0028] 3. Through the setting of the adjustment mechanism, after the fixed rod is laid down, the receiving hopper can be driven to open by rotating the gear ring, so that the gravel in the receiving hopper can slide out of the receiving hopper and finally be discharged from the drop chute. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the installation rod of the present invention is laid down;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the fixed rod and the receiving hopper;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom surface of the receiving hopper;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation disk;

[0036] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting plate;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving hopper and the fixed ring.

[0038] Description of main symbols:

[0039] 1. Trolley; 2. Fixed rod; 3. Abutment plate; 4. Material receiving hopper; 5. Gear ring; 6. Pull rope; 7. Lifting seat; 8. Telescopic rod 1; 9. Fixed gear; 10. Adjustment rack; 11. Hydraulic cylinder 1; 12. Material drop chute; 13. Push rod; 14. Mounting rod; 15. Connecting gear; 16. Abutment column; 17. Hydraulic cylinder 2; 18. Partition plate; 19. Telescopic rod 2; 20. Mounting frame; 21. Transmission gear; 22. Screw; 23. Limiting sleeve; 24. Screw sleeve; 25. Mounting plate; 26. Mounting slot; 27. Transmission rack; 28. Spring block; 29. ​​Abutment block; 30. Connecting spring; 31. Toggle column; 32. Fixed ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Please combine Figure 1 - Fig. 9 A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device in this embodiment includes a trolley 1 and a pressure relief part installed on the top of the trolley 1. A chute 12 for discharging crushed stones in a receiving hopper 4 is provided on the top of the trolley 1, and a push rod 13 is installed on one side of the top of the trolley 1. Wheels are installed on the bottom surface of the trolley 1 near the four corners. The setting of the push rod 13 facilitates the movement of the trolley body underground.

[0043] The pressure relief part includes:

[0044] The extrusion mechanism includes a hollow fixed rod 2 arranged on the top of the cart 1, a plurality of abutment sheets 3 connected to the outer periphery of the top end of the fixed rod 2 through an elastic member, and a driving component installed on the inner side of the fixed rod 2 for driving the abutment sheets 3 to expand outward, the elastic member includes a connecting spring 30 and an abutment block 29 fixed on the outer wall of the abutment sheet 3 close to the fixed rod 2, the other end of the connecting spring 30 is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2, the other end of the abutment block 29 is a right-angled triangle mechanism, and the inclined surface of the right-angled triangle is arranged downward, and the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2 is provided with a groove that matches the outer periphery of the abutment block 29. The abutment block 29 is inserted into the inner side of the fixing rod 2 through the insertion hole. The connection spring 30 is arranged so that the abutment piece 3 can automatically shrink back to its original position after opening outward and then losing the external force. After the abutment piece 3 is inserted into the drilled hole, a downward and upward thrust is applied to the inclined surface of the abutment block 29, so that the abutment block 29 can be squeezed toward the outside of the fixing rod 2. After the abutment piece 3 contacts the inner wall of the hole, it applies pressure thereto, thereby gradually reducing the soil or rock pressure around the hole, thereby achieving the purpose of relieving the pressure on the underground top plate.

[0045] The driving assembly includes a partition 18 fixed on the inner side of the fixed rod 2, a hydraulic cylinder 17 fixed on the top of the partition 18, and an abutment column 16 fixed on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 17. The end of the abutment column 16 away from the hydraulic cylinder 17 is a conical structure and abuts against the abutment block 29. When it is necessary to drive the abutment piece 3 to open outward, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is started to extend, thereby driving the abutment column 16 to move toward the side close to the end of the fixed rod 2. After the conical end of the abutment column 16 abuts against multiple abutment blocks 29, the abutment blocks 29 will be squeezed toward the outside of the fixed rod 2 during the continued movement, thereby driving the abutment piece 3 to expand outward, and the connecting spring 30 will be stretched accordingly. Conversely, when it is necessary to shrink the abutment piece 3, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is started to shrink, and the abutment column 16 moves to the side away from the end of the fixed rod 2. The squeezing force of the abutment column 16 on the fixed rod 2 gradually decreases, and the abutment piece 3 will also gradually shrink under the action of the connecting spring 30.

[0046] The material receiving structure includes a mounting plate 25 movably sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2, a fixed ring 32 and a material receiving hopper 4, the fixed ring 32 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate 25, the top surface of the mounting plate 25 is rotatably connected to a plurality of mounting rods 14 via a reset member, the material receiving hopper 4 is a funnel-shaped structure made of a flexible material, and the inner ring of the bottom of the material receiving hopper 4 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixed ring 32, and a plurality of mounting rods 14 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the material receiving hopper 4, the material receiving hopper 4 is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, so that the received gravel can be concentrated at the bottom, and the material receiving hopper 4 is made of a flexible material, so that the material receiving hopper 4 can be opened or closed like an umbrella by rotating the mounting rod 14.

[0047] The bottom surface of the mounting rod 14 is connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2 by a pull rope 6. A telescopic rod 19 for driving the mounting plate 25 to move is installed on the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2. During the process of the fixed rod 2 being erected, the telescopic rod 19 also extends, thereby driving the mounting plate 25 and the receiving hopper 4 to move toward the side close to the end of the fixed rod 2. During this process, the pull rope 6 will gradually be straightened. After the pull rope 6 is straightened, the mounting plate 25 and the receiving hopper 4 continue to move, which will drive the mounting rod 14 to gradually open outward until the entire receiving hopper 4 is fully opened, and at the same time, the telescopic rod 19 stops shrinking.

[0048] A plurality of mounting grooves 26 are provided on the top surface of the mounting plate 25, and a through hole is provided on one side of the mounting groove 26 away from the axis of the mounting plate 25. A reset member is provided in the mounting groove 26, and the reset member includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting groove 26, a connecting gear 15 sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and a transmission rack 27 movably provided in the mounting groove 26 and meshing with the connecting gear 15. One end of the mounting rod 14 is fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, a spring block 28 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack 27, and a reset spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack 27, one end of the reset spring is fixed to the spring block 28, and the other end of the reset spring is fixed to the side wall of the mounting groove 26, and the other end of the transmission rack 27 extends through the through hole to the outside of the mounting plate 25. When the mounting rod 14 opens outward, the rotating shaft will be driven to rotate forward, and the connecting gear 15 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft, thereby driving the transmission rack 27 to approach the mounting plate 2 5 moves to one side of the axis of the fixing rod 2, and the return spring is stretched accordingly. While tilting the fixing rod 2, the telescopic rod 19 is also driven to retract. At this time, the mounting plate 25 and the receiving hopper 4 move to the side away from the end of the fixing rod 2, and the pulling force acting on the pull rope 6 gradually decreases, and the pulling force of the pull rope 6 on the mounting rod 14 also decreases accordingly. The transmission rack 27 moves to the side away from the axis of the mounting plate 25 under the action of the return spring, thereby driving the connecting gear 15 to reverse, and the mounting rod 14 is also retracted accordingly, thereby driving the receiving hopper 4 to retract, so as to prevent the gravel inside the receiving hopper 4 from falling out during the process of the fixing rod 2 being tilted down, until the telescopic rod 19 stops retracting. After the fixing rod 2 is tilted down, the top of the receiving hopper 4 falls on the top of the blanking chute 12. After the receiving hopper 4 is pulled outward, the gravel in the receiving hopper 4 can fall out, and finally be discharged from the blanking chute 12 and fall to the ground.

[0049] The lifting mechanism is installed on the top of the cart 1 and is used to drive the fixed rod 2 to rise and fall. The lifting mechanism includes multiple hydraulic cylinders 11 installed on the top of the cart 1 and a lifting seat 7 installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder 11. The fixed rod 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting seat 7 through a hinge. After the fixed rod 2 is erected, in order to insert the abutment piece 3 into the drilled hole, the hydraulic cylinder 11 can be started to extend, thereby driving the lifting seat 7 to rise, and the abutment piece 3 is inserted into the drilled hole. Conversely, after the expansion of the drilled hole is completed and the abutment piece 3 is retracted to the initial state, the hydraulic cylinder 11 is started to retract, thereby driving the fixed rod 2 to descend, so that the abutment piece 3 withdraws to the outside of the drilled hole, and then the cart 1 can be pushed to move, so that the fixed rod moves to the bottom of the next drilled hole.

[0050] The steering mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is used to drive the fixed rod 2 to rotate. The hinge includes two mounting plates fixed on the top of the lifting seat 7 and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the outer wall of the opposite side of the two mounting plates. The other ends of the two fixed shafts are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod 2. The outer periphery of one of the fixed shafts is sleeved with a fixed gear 9. The steering mechanism includes a telescopic rod 8 installed on the top of the lifting seat 7 and an adjusting rack 10 fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod 8. The adjusting rack 10 is meshed with the fixed gear 9. In the process of moving the entire device, the fixed rod 2 remains in a lying posture. At this time, the telescopic rod 8 is in a retracted state. When it is needed, When the fixed rod 2 is erected, the telescopic rod 8 is started to extend, and the adjusting rack 10 immediately drives the fixed gear 9 to rotate forward under the drive of the telescopic rod 8, thereby driving the fixed rod 2 to rotate forward and gradually erect, until the fixed rod 2 is perpendicular to the lifting seat 7 and then stop extending the telescopic rod 8, and then the cart 1 can be moved to move the fixed rod to the bottom of the borehole to be expanded. Conversely, after the expansion is completed, in order to facilitate the movement of the entire device underground, the fixed rod 2 can be laid down. At this time, the telescopic rod 8 is started to contract, which will drive the fixed rod 2 to gradually reverse and lay down, until the telescopic rod 8 returns to its original position and the fixed rod 2 is also laid flat.

[0051] Embodiment 2:

[0052] Combination Figure 1 - Figure 4 and Figure 6 - Figure 8 The present embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 1 in that an adjusting mechanism for driving the receiving hopper 4 to open is also installed on the periphery of the mounting plate 25 after the mounting rod 2 is laid down. The adjusting mechanism comprises a gear ring 5 rotatably sleeved on the periphery of the mounting plate 25 and a plurality of pressing components installed on the outer ring of the mounting plate 25. A plurality of toggle posts 31 are fixed to the bottom surface of the gear ring 5, and the toggle posts 31 are used to conveniently drive the gear ring 5 to rotate. The plurality of pressing components correspond to the plurality of transmission racks 27 respectively, so as to push the transmission racks 27 to move toward one side of the axis of the mounting plate 25 after the gear ring 5 rotates. After the receiving hopper 4 is folded, in order to facilitate the discharge of the gravel contained in it, by rotating the gear ring 5 in a clockwise direction, the plurality of transmission racks 27 can be simultaneously pushed to move toward one side of the axis of the mounting plate 25, thereby opening the receiving hopper 4, and the gravel in the receiving hopper 4 will fall into the drop chute 12, thereby achieving the purpose of conveniently cleaning the gravel in the receiving hopper 4.

[0053] The pressing assembly includes a mounting frame 20 fixed to the outer periphery of the mounting plate 25, a screw rod 22 rotatably connected to the mounting frame 20, a screw sleeve 24 threadedly sleeved on one end of the screw rod 22, and a transmission gear 21 fixed to the other end of the screw rod 22. The transmission gear 21 is meshed with the ring gear 5. A limit sleeve 23 is provided on the outer periphery of the screw sleeve 24, and the limit sleeve 23 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 20. The screw sleeve 24 is coaxially arranged with the transmission rack 27. After the ring gear 5 rotates forward, it will drive the transmission gear 21 to rotate forward, and the transmission gear 21 will drive the screw rod 21 to rotate forward. The rod 22 rotates, and the screw rod 22 drives the screw sleeve 24 to move toward the side close to the transmission rack 27. After the screw sleeve 24 abuts against the transmission rack 27, it will push the transmission rack 27 to move toward the side close to the axis of the mounting plate 25, so that multiple mounting rods 14 can be easily driven to open outward synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of conveniently opening the receiving hopper 4. Conversely, after reversing the gear ring 5, multiple mounting rods 14 can be driven to shrink inward synchronously, thereby closing the receiving hopper 4, which greatly facilitates the operation of the user.

[0054] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device, comprising a trolley and a pressure relief part installed on the top of the trolley, characterized in that: The pressure relief portion comprises: The squeezing mechanism includes a hollow fixed rod disposed on the top of the cart, a plurality of abutment sheets connected to the outer periphery of the top end of the fixed rod through an elastic member, and a driving assembly installed on the inner side of the fixed rod for driving the abutment sheets to expand outwards; The material receiving structure comprises a mounting plate, a fixing ring and a material receiving hopper movably sleeved on the outer periphery of a fixing rod, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting plate, the top surface of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to a plurality of mounting rods through a reset member, the material receiving hopper is a funnel-shaped structure made of a flexible material, and the inner ring of the bottom of the material receiving hopper is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the fixing ring, a plurality of mounting rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the material receiving hopper, the bottom surface of the mounting is connected to the outer periphery of the fixing rod by a pull rope, and the outer periphery of the fixing rod is installed with a telescopic rod 2 for driving the mounting plate to move; A lifting mechanism, mounted on the top of the cart and used to drive the fixing rod to rise and fall; The steering mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is used to drive the fixed rod to rotate.

2. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material dropping chute for discharging crushed stones in the receiving hopper is provided on the top of the cart, and a push rod is installed on one side of the top of the cart.

3. The device for reducing pressure and loss of underground coal mine roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises a plurality of hydraulic cylinders mounted on the top of the cart and a lifting seat mounted on the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and the fixing rod is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting seat through a hinge.

4. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hinged member comprises two mounting plates fixed on the top of the lifting seat and a fixed shaft rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side opposite to the two mounting plates. The other ends of the two fixed shafts are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod, and a fixed gear is sleeved on the outer periphery of one of the fixed shafts.

5. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steering mechanism comprises a telescopic rod 1 installed on the top of the lifting seat and an adjusting rack fixed at the output end of the telescopic rod 1, and the adjusting rack is meshed with the fixed gear.

6. The device for reducing pressure and loss of underground coal mine roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member includes a connecting spring and an abutment block fixed on the outer wall of the abutment piece on one side close to the fixed rod. The other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the fixed rod. The other end of the abutment block is a right-angled triangle mechanism. The outer periphery of the fixed rod is provided with a socket that matches the outer periphery of the abutment block. One end of the right-angled triangle of the abutment block is inserted into the inner side of the fixed rod through the socket.

7. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a partition fixed on the inner side of the fixed rod, a hydraulic cylinder 2 fixed on the top of the partition, and an abutment column fixed on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 2. The end of the abutment column away from the hydraulic cylinder 2 is a conical structure and abuts against the abutment block.

8. The device for reducing pressure and loss of underground coal mine roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the top surface of the mounting plate, a through hole is provided on one side of the mounting groove away from the axis of the mounting plate, the reset member is provided in the mounting groove, the reset member includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting groove, a connecting gear sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and a transmission rack movably provided in the mounting groove and meshing with the connecting gear, one end of the mounting rod is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, a spring block is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack, and a reset spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the transmission rack, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the spring block, the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting groove, and the other end of the transmission rack extends to the outside of the mounting plate through the through hole.

9. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the mounting plate is also equipped with an adjustment mechanism for driving the receiving hopper to open after the mounting rod is laid down. The adjustment mechanism includes a gear ring rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the mounting plate and multiple pressing assemblies installed on the outer ring of the mounting plate. The multiple pressing assemblies correspond to multiple transmission racks respectively, so as to push the transmission rack to move toward the side close to the axis of the mounting plate after the gear ring rotates.

10. A coal mine roof pressure relief and loss reduction device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressing assembly includes a mounting frame fixed to the outer periphery of the mounting plate, a screw rod rotatably connected to the mounting frame, a screw sleeve threadedly sleeved on one end of the screw rod, and a transmission gear fixed to the other end of the screw rod, the transmission gear is meshed with a gear ring, a peripheral movable sleeve of the screw sleeve is provided with a limit sleeve, and the limit sleeve is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the screw sleeve is coaxially arranged with the transmission rack.

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