Sealing element and heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger sealing, in particular to a sealing piece and a heat exchanger. The sealing piece comprises a sealing piece body and a partition piece, the sealing piece body comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the inner layer is of an annular hollow structure wound by a spring, the middle layer is arranged around the spring, the inner wall of the middle layer is attached to the outer wall of the spring, the outer layer is arranged around the middle layer, and the inner wall of the outer layer is attached to the outer wall of the middle layer; the blocking piece is arranged on the inner side of the sealing piece body and is of a hollow tubular structure. Under the pressure exceeding the standard design pressure, the spring rebounds to enable the sealing part to be tightly attached to the contact portion of the heat exchanger, adjacent cavities in the heat exchanger are blocked through the blocking part, inner leakage between the adjacent cavities in the heat exchanger is effectively prevented, the compression resistance is good, and the good sealing performance of the heat exchanger is guaranteed. The invention further provides the heat exchanger, and the sealing performance of the heat exchanger is improved by arranging the sealing piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger sealing, and in particular to a sealing component and a heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The normal waste heat removal heat exchanger in a nuclear power plant is one of the main equipment in the normal waste heat removal system. It is used to remove the waste heat generated during the operation of the nuclear power plant and is an important equipment to ensure the safe operation of the nuclear power plant. The cooling water in the reactor flows through the heat exchanger tube side. The heat exchanger needs to be sealed by a sealing ring. The sealing ring is compressed under certain working conditions to achieve a sealing effect.

[0003] The nuclear-grade heat exchangers used in nuclear power plants have high heat exchange efficiency and high sealing requirements. Especially for some third-generation nuclear power plants, super-baseline design conditions are proposed. The heat exchanger seals need to be leak-free under super-design pressure conditions, and the seals must also block internal leakage between different chambers of the heat exchanger. In the prior art, there is a seal with a rib structure that can ensure good resilience under super-design pressure conditions. However, the ribs use a two-layer C-shaped structure to cover the spring structure. When the sealing gasket is under greater pressure, the rib structure is easily damaged. Therefore, a seal is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a sealing member which has good rebound characteristics under the condition of exceeding the design pressure, and has a simple structure and good pressure resistance, thereby ensuring good sealing performance of the heat exchanger.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger, by providing the above-mentioned sealing member, to ensure the normal operation of the heat exchanger.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Seals, including:

[0008] A seal body, the seal body comprising an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer, the inner layer being a ring-shaped hollow structure wound with a spring, the intermediate layer being arranged around the spring, the inner wall of the intermediate layer being in contact with the outer wall of the spring, the outer layer being arranged around the intermediate layer, the inner wall of the outer layer being in contact with the outer wall of the intermediate layer;

[0009] The barrier is located inside the sealing body and is a hollow tubular structure. The barrier is used to separate the inside of the sealing body into a plurality of independent areas.

[0010] As an optional technical solution, an extension portion is provided on the sealing body, and the extension portion is arranged opposite to the barrier member.

[0011] As an optional technical solution, one of the extension portion and the barrier member is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a protrusion, and the groove is engaged with the protrusion.

[0012] As an optional technical solution, a plurality of the baffles are provided, and at least two of the plurality of baffles are arranged at an angle.

[0013] As an optional technical solution, at least two of the baffles are connected by welding.

[0014] As an optional technical solution, the cross-section of the barrier member may be circular or square.

[0015] As an optional technical solution, the material of the baffle includes nickel-based alloy or stainless steel.

[0016] As an optional technical solution, the cross-section of the intermediate layer is in a C-shape with a first opening, and the first opening faces the outside of the seal body;

[0017] The cross-section of the outer layer is in a C-shape with a second opening, and the second opening faces the outside of the seal body.

[0018] As an optional technical solution, the material of the outer layer includes nickel or silver.

[0019] The present invention also adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] A heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger comprises an end pipe box and a pipe section, wherein the end pipe box has a plurality of chambers, and the pipe section comprises a plurality of pipe passes, each of the chambers being connected to one or two of the plurality of pipe passes, and the heat exchanger further comprises a seal as described in any of the above schemes, wherein the seal is arranged between the end pipe box and the pipe section, the number of the independent areas on the seal corresponds one-to-one to the number of the chambers, and the baffle is used to block adjacent chambers.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0022] The present invention provides a seal, which includes a seal body and a barrier. The seal body includes an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer, wherein the inner layer is a ring-shaped hollow structure wound with a spring, the intermediate layer is arranged around the spring, the inner wall of the intermediate layer is in contact with the outer wall of the spring, and the outer layer is arranged around the intermediate layer, the inner wall of the outer layer is in contact with the outer wall of the intermediate layer; the barrier is arranged on the inner side of the seal body, the barrier is a hollow tubular structure, and the barrier is used to separate the inner side of the seal body into a plurality of independent regions. The spring in the seal can play a supporting role, and when the seal body is under an over-baseline design pressure, the spring rebounds so that the seal and the contact part of the heat exchanger are in contact, the outer layer can fill the gap, and then the heat exchanger is sealed, and at the same time, the intermediate layer can prevent the outer layer from being crushed under high pressure. The barrier can block the adjacent chambers inside the heat exchanger, effectively preventing internal leakage between different chambers inside the heat exchanger, and the barrier has good pressure resistance, which ensures the good sealing performance of the heat exchanger.

[0023] The present invention also provides a heat exchanger, which improves the sealing performance of the heat exchanger by arranging a sealing member, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing member provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a barrier provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a first partial schematic diagram of the connection between the sealing body and the barrier member provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a second partial schematic diagram of the connection between the sealing body and the barrier member provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a third partial schematic diagram of the connection between the sealing body and the barrier member provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. seal body; 11. inner layer; 12. middle layer; 13. outer layer; 14. extension part; 141. groove;

[0032] 2. barrier member; 21. protrusion; 22. first barrier member; 23. second barrier member; 24. third barrier member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0036] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0037] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 6 The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated through specific implementation methods.

[0038] In order to ensure good sealing performance of the heat exchanger and prevent internal leakage between adjacent chambers of the heat exchanger under the condition of over-design pressure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a seal, which includes a seal body 1 and a barrier 2. The seal body 1 includes an inner layer 11, an intermediate layer 12 and an outer layer 13, wherein the inner layer 11 is a ring-shaped hollow structure wound by a spring, the intermediate layer 12 is arranged around the spring, the inner wall of the intermediate layer 12 is in contact with the outer wall of the spring, and the outer layer 13 is arranged around the intermediate layer 12, the inner wall of the outer layer 13 is in contact with the outer wall of the intermediate layer 12; the barrier 2 is arranged on the inner side of the seal body 1, the barrier 2 is a hollow tubular structure, and the barrier 2 is used to separate the inner side of the seal body 1 into a plurality of independent areas.

[0039] In detail, the seal body 1 is an annular structure with a hollow interior, which includes three layers, namely an inner layer 11, an intermediate layer 12 and an outer layer 13. The inner layer 11 is a hollow annular structure wound by a spring, and the two end joints of the spring are connected by welding. The material of the spring is a nickel-based alloy, and the intermediate layer 12 is a metal layer of a nickel-based alloy material. The intermediate layer 12 is coated on the outer wall of the spring, and the outer layer 13 is a nickel or silver metal layer. The spring can play a supporting role. When the seal body 1 is under an over-baseline design pressure, the spring rebounds so that the seal and the heat exchanger contact part are tightly attached, and the nickel or silver of the outer layer 13 can fill the gap, thereby achieving the sealing of the heat exchanger, and the nickel-based alloy metal layer of the intermediate layer 12 can prevent the nickel or silver metal layer of the outer layer 13 from being crushed under high pressure. The barrier 2 is located on the inner side of the seal body 1, and adopts a one-layer hollow tubular structure with good pressure resistance. The barrier 2 can block the adjacent chambers inside the heat exchanger, effectively preventing internal leakage between adjacent chambers inside the heat exchanger. The barrier 2 can not only ensure the sealing setting between chambers, but also has a simple structure and is easy to process and install. The seal of this structure has good rebound characteristics under the condition of exceeding the design pressure, and the middle barrier 2 has good pressure resistance, thereby ensuring good sealing performance of the heat exchanger.

[0040] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the cross-section of the middle layer 12 is C-shaped with a first opening, and the first opening faces the outside of the seal body 1; the cross-section of the outer layer 13 is C-shaped with a second opening, and the second opening faces the outside of the seal body 1. The first opening on the middle layer 12 and the second opening on the outer layer 13 are both arranged to face the outside of the seal body 1, which can ensure that the reactor coolant does not enter the inside of the seal body 1 through the first opening and the second opening, thereby avoiding corrosion to the seal body 1. Moreover, the middle layer 12 and the outer layer 13 are arranged in a C-shape, which facilitates the covering of the middle layer 12 and the outer layer 13 on the spring.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 3As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the barrier 2 includes a circular shape or a square shape. The barrier 2 adopts a hollow thin-walled structure, and the cross-sectional shape can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc., with a simple structure and easy processing. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the barrier 2 is not specifically limited.

[0042] Furthermore, the material of the barrier 2 includes nickel-based alloy or stainless steel. Both nickel-based alloy and stainless steel have good resilience. When the barrier 2 is subjected to pressure, it can quickly return to its original state, thereby ensuring the sealing requirements between the heat exchanger chambers. Nickel-based alloy and stainless steel are the main materials used for the main equipment of nuclear power plants. During the operation or overhaul of the unit, the barrier 2 is subjected to factors such as medium erosion. Even if the elements in the nickel-based alloy and stainless steel are activated, they are easy to purify, which will not increase the overhaul time and have a low impact on economic benefits. In addition, nickel-based alloy and stainless steel have high corrosion resistance, which can increase the service life of the barrier 2.

[0043] In this embodiment, the sealing body 1 is a three-layer hollow annular structure, and the baffle 2 is a straight hollow tubular structure. The thickness difference of the materials used between the sealing body 1 and the baffle 2 is large, and welding is difficult. In order to facilitate the processing of the sealing body 1 and the baffle 2, the sealing body 1 and the baffle 2 are installed using a split structure.

[0044] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 , an extension part 14 is arranged on the inner side of the seal body 1, and the extension part 14 is arranged opposite to the barrier 2. Specifically, the extension part 14 is arranged on the inner side of the seal body 1 at a position corresponding to the barrier 2, and the extension part 14 adopts a three-layer tubular structure, the innermost layer is a hollow structure of a nickel-based alloy spring, the middle layer is a nickel-based alloy metal layer coated on the outer wall of the spring, and the outermost layer is a metal layer coated with nickel or silver, and the cross-sectional shape and size of the extension part 14 are matched with the cross-sectional shape and size of the barrier 2. When installing the seal, one end of the extension part 14 is welded to the inner side of the seal body 1 and corresponds to the position of the barrier 2, and the other end of the extension part 14 is arranged opposite to the barrier 2. The seal body 1 and the barrier 2 are designed as a split structure, which ensures the sealing performance of the heat exchanger while avoiding the deformation of the seal caused by the welding connection between the seal body 1 and the barrier 2, and the damage of the outer layer 13 metal layer on the seal body 1.

[0045] Furthermore, one of the extension 14 and the barrier is provided with a groove 141, and the other is provided with a protrusion 21, and the groove 141 is engaged with the protrusion 21, thereby connecting the seal body 1 with the barrier 2. The groove 141 and the protrusion 21 are convenient for connection and easy to process, while ensuring the sealing performance of the connection between the barrier 2 and the seal body 1, thereby ensuring the sealing performance between adjacent chambers of the heat exchanger. Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, a groove 141 is provided on the extension portion 14, and a protrusion 21 is provided on the barrier member 2, and the groove 141 is engaged with the protrusion 21. The arrangement positions of the groove 141 and the protrusion 21 are not specifically limited here.

[0046] refer to Figure 6 In some other embodiments, in order to facilitate the processing of the seal body 1 and the barrier 2, a gap is arranged directly between the seal body 1 and the barrier 2, but the leakage of the heat exchanger caused by the gap needs to be within the use requirements, thereby satisfying the sealing performance of the equipment. The size of the gap is set according to the use requirements of the heat exchanger, and this embodiment does not make a specific limitation.

[0047] Further, a plurality of baffles 2 are provided, at least two of the plurality of baffles 2 are provided at an angle, and at least two baffles 2 are welded to each other. Providing a plurality of baffles 2 can meet the sealing requirements of a multi-chamber heat exchanger.

[0048] In this embodiment, the heat exchanger has five chambers, three of which are located on one side and the other two are located on the other side. Correspondingly, the barrier 2 includes a first barrier 22, a second barrier 23 and two third barrier 24 of the same structure, the two ends of the first barrier 22 are respectively arranged opposite to the inner side of the seal body 1, the second barrier 23 is located on one side of the first barrier 22, one end of the second barrier 23 is connected to the first barrier 22, and the other end is arranged opposite to the inner side of the seal body 1, and the two third barrier 24 are arranged at intervals on the other side of the first barrier 22, one end of the third barrier 24 is connected to the first barrier 22, and the other end is arranged opposite to the inner side of the seal body 1. Specifically, the first baffle 22 is provided in the center of the seal body 1, dividing the seal body 1 into a first semicircle and a second semicircle, and the first baffle 22 is used to block the two chambers in the heat exchanger from the other three chambers; the second baffle 23 is located in the first semicircle, and the second baffle 23 is connected to the center of the first baffle 22, and the two chambers in the heat exchanger are blocked by the second baffle 23; two third baffles 24 are located in the second semicircle, and the two third baffles 24 are spaced apart on the first baffle 22, and the other three chambers in the heat exchanger are blocked respectively by the third baffle 24. The baffle 2 is provided between adjacent chambers of the heat exchanger, which effectively blocks the internal leakage between adjacent chambers and ensures the performance of the heat exchanger. It should be noted that the number and arrangement of the baffles 2 are not limited to this, and can be provided according to the use requirements.

[0049] Furthermore, the first barrier 22 is welded to the second barrier 23, and the first barrier 22 is welded to the two third barrier 24. The barrier 2 is welded to each other, so that the barrier 2 is firmly and reliably connected, thereby satisfying the performance of the barrier 2.

[0050] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a heat exchanger, which includes an end pipe box and a pipe section, wherein the end pipe box has multiple chambers, the pipe section includes multiple pipe passes, each chamber is connected to one or two of the multiple pipe passes, and the heat exchanger also includes a seal, which is arranged between the end pipe box and the pipe section, the number of independent areas on the seal corresponds one-to-one to the number of chambers, and the barrier is used to block adjacent chambers.

[0051] Specifically, a medium is arranged in each of the multiple chambers, and the tube section includes multiple tubes. When the heat exchanger is working, the end tube box is docked and assembled with the first end of the tube section, so that each chamber is connected to one or two of the multiple tubes, and the medium flows between the chamber and the tube. The adjacent tubes at the second end of the tube section are also connected, and the connection method can be to use a U-shaped tube to connect the adjacent tubes, or a similar end tube box can be arranged at the second end of the tube section, and the end tube box has multiple chambers, so that the medium at the second end of the tube section flows between the tubes, chambers and tubes, thereby forming a series passage inside the heat exchanger, that is, the medium flows from the first chamber on the end tube box arranged at the first end of the tube section into the corresponding first group of tubes, and finally flows from the last group of tubes to the last chamber on the end tube box arranged at the first end of the tube section, completing a heat exchange. When the end pipe box on the heat exchanger is connected to the pipe section, a seal is set in the middle. The number of independent areas on the seal corresponds to the number of chambers. The barrier 2 separates the adjacent chambers to prevent the medium from flowing between the adjacent chambers, so that the medium flows between the pipe section and the chamber. The heat exchanger improves the sealing performance of the heat exchanger by setting the seal, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the heat exchanger.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sealing member, characterized in that: include: A sealing body (1), the sealing body (1) comprising an inner layer (11), an intermediate layer (12) and an outer layer (13), the inner layer (11) being an annular hollow structure wound with a spring, the intermediate layer (12) being arranged around the spring, the inner wall of the intermediate layer (12) being in contact with the outer wall of the spring, the outer layer (13) being arranged around the intermediate layer (12), the inner wall of the outer layer (13) being in contact with the outer wall of the intermediate layer (12); The barrier (2) is located on the inner side of the sealing body (1); the barrier (2) is a hollow tubular structure; the barrier (2) is used to separate the inner side of the sealing body (1) into a plurality of mutually independent areas.

2. The seal according to claim 1, characterized in that An extension portion (14) is provided on the sealing element body (1), and the extension portion (14) is arranged opposite to the barrier element (2).

3. The seal according to claim 2, characterized in that One of the extension portion (14) and the barrier member (2) is provided with a groove (141), and the other is provided with a protrusion (21), and the groove (141) is engaged with the protrusion (21).

4. The seal according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of the baffles (2) are provided, and at least two of the baffles (2) are arranged at an angle.

5. The seal according to claim 4, characterized in that At least two of the baffles (2) are connected by welding.

6. The sealing element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the baffle (2) includes a circular shape or a square shape.

7. The sealing element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material of the baffle (2) includes nickel-based alloy or stainless steel.

8. The sealing element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The cross-section of the intermediate layer (12) is in a C-shape with a first opening, and the first opening faces the outside of the seal body (1); The cross-section of the outer layer (13) is in a C-shape with a second opening, and the second opening faces the outside of the seal body (1).

9. The sealing element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The material of the outer layer (13) includes nickel or silver.

10. A heat exchanger, comprising an end tube box and a tube section, wherein the end tube box has a plurality of chambers, the tube section comprises a plurality of tubes, each of the chambers is connected to one or two of the plurality of tubes, wherein: The heat exchanger further comprises a seal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the seal is arranged between the end pipe box and the pipe section, the number of the independent areas on the seal corresponds one to one to the number of the chambers, and the barrier (2) is used to block adjacent chambers.

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