Method and system for automatically controlling primary air pressure of garbage incinerator

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic primary air pressure control method and system for a garbage incinerator. The method comprises the steps that a garbage material layer differential pressure measured value on a first combustion section fire grate, the opening degree of a primary air small air door corresponding to each fire grate of a second drying section and the first combustion section, an evaporation capacity set value, the total amount of primary air and the temperature in the incinerator are obtained; a primary air pressure setting reference value is determined according to a garbage material layer differential pressure measurement value on the combustion first-section fire grate; a first correction value is output according to the opening degree of a primary air small air door corresponding to each fire grate of the second drying section and the first combustion section; outputting a second correction value according to the evaporation capacity set value; outputting a third correction value according to the total primary air volume; outputting a fourth correction value according to the temperature in the furnace; and the first correction value, the second correction value, the third correction value and the fourth correction value are added to serve as a final correction value, the primary air pressure set reference value is corrected, and a final primary air pressure set value is obtained to conduct primary air pressure automatic control. The device has the advantages of being high in automation level, accurate in control and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of waste incineration, and in particular to a method and system for automatically controlling the primary air pressure of a waste incinerator. Background Art

[0002] In the waste incineration industry, the automatic combustion control system (ACC) is widely used. It usually controls the stable combustion of waste by adjusting the primary air volume, secondary air volume and grate speed. As the industry is moving towards saturation, energy saving and consumption reduction as well as refined management have become hot topics.

[0003] In the existing waste incineration primary air supply system, the control of the primary air volume in the column-type primary air system (multiple small primary air fans) is generally to adjust the frequency of a single fan to adjust the primary air supply volume; the large-scale main pipe primary air system controls the main pipe air pressure through the fan frequency, and then distributes it to each grate through each small air door. Therefore, in the main pipe primary air system, the air pressure of the main pipe cannot be too low, and it must be able to ensure the air supply of each small air door, but excessive air pressure will increase the energy consumption of the system and cause unnecessary waste. Usually, the primary air pressure is set by manual adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for automatically controlling the primary air pressure of a garbage incinerator with a high automation level and precise control.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a garbage incinerator comprises the following steps:

[0007] Obtain the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the first combustion grate, the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the evaporation setting value, the total primary air volume and the temperature inside the furnace;

[0008] Determine the primary wind pressure setting reference value based on the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the combustion grate;

[0009] Output the first correction value according to the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage;

[0010] Outputting a second correction value according to the evaporation amount set value;

[0011] Outputting a third correction value according to the total air volume of the primary air;

[0012] outputting a fourth correction value according to the temperature in the furnace;

[0013] The first correction value, the second correction value, the third correction value and the fourth correction value are added together as a final correction value, and the primary wind pressure setting reference value is corrected to obtain a final primary wind pressure setting value for automatic primary wind pressure control.

[0014] Preferably, the specific process of determining the primary wind pressure setting reference value according to the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the combustion grate is:

[0015] According to the measured value of the differential pressure of the garbage layer on the combustion grate and the preset function f1(x1), the primary wind pressure setting reference value is obtained, which is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, f1(x1) is the reference value for setting the primary air pressure, and x1 is the measured value of the differential pressure of the garbage layer on the combustion grate, both in units of KPa.

[0018] Preferably, the specific process of outputting the first correction value according to the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage is:

[0019] According to the opening values ​​of all small primary air dampers in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the maximum value in the automatic state is selected. When the maximum opening is greater than 70%, +0.2 is output; when the maximum opening is less than 40%, -0.2 is output; otherwise, 0 is output as the first correction value.

[0020] Preferably, the specific process of outputting the second correction value according to the evaporation amount setting value is:

[0021] The second correction value is obtained according to the evaporation amount setting value function f2(x2), specifically:

[0022] f2(x2)=0.6667x2-0.6,60% <x2<120%;

[0023] Where f2(x2) is the second correction value, and x2 is the percentage of the evaporation amount set value reaching the rated evaporation amount.

[0024] Preferably, the specific process of outputting the third correction value according to the total air volume of the primary air is:

[0025] The theoretical total primary air volume is calculated based on the evaporation volume setting value, and the ratio of the actual total primary air volume to the theoretical total primary air volume is calculated. When the ratio is >80%, the output is +0.1, and when the ratio is <50%, the output is -0.1, otherwise the output is 0, which is used as the third correction value.

[0026] Preferably, the specific process of outputting the fourth correction value according to the temperature in the furnace is:

[0027] Take the average temperature of the middle and upper layers in the furnace, and output -0.1 when the temperature is >1030°C, and output +0.1 when the temperature is <960°C, otherwise the output is 0, as the fourth correction value.

[0028] Preferably, when performing automatic control of the primary air pressure, the primary air pressure is limited to between 1.8 and 3.0 KPa.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program executes the steps of the method described above when executed by a processor.

[0030] The present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described above are executed.

[0031] The present invention also discloses a primary air pressure automatic control system for a garbage incinerator, comprising a memory and a processor connected to each other, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is run by the processor, the steps of the method described above are executed.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0033] The present invention uses multiple operating parameters such as the evaporation amount setting value, the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage material layer on the first combustion grate, the total amount of primary air, the opening of the small primary air door corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage to judge the combustion condition of the incinerator, so as to provide a basis for automatic adjustment; based on the differential pressure of the first combustion stage material layer, the primary air pressure setting reference value is obtained according to the set functional relationship, and subsequent corrections are only made on the basis of the reference value; the parameters such as the air door damper opening, the differential pressure of the first combustion stage material layer, the total amount of primary air, and the temperature in the furnace respectively use the data screening methods of the maximum two-digit average value, the maximum value, the proportional value, and the average value, which can more directly reflect abnormal combustion conditions, and obtain adjustment or correction values ​​through their respective corresponding functional relationships; upper and lower limits are set in the output result to prevent excessive adjustment or program output of erroneous values ​​that may cause equipment overload or tripping.

[0034] The present invention uses parameters such as the opening of the air door damper, the differential pressure of a combustion layer, the total amount of primary air, the temperature in the furnace, etc. to judge the combustion state of the incinerator, which can reflect the actual demand for the primary air pressure. The data is updated in real time, so the output result is also real-time corresponding. The primary air pressure can be adjusted quickly, thereby (lowering) saving unnecessary waste of electricity or (increasing) quickly improving the primary air penetration ability to improve combustion.

[0035] The present invention adopts a fixed reference value + correction adjustment method, and sets upper and lower limits for the output results, which can avoid excessive adjustment of the primary air pressure; the output result of the correction value of each single item is not large, but is superimposed on each other to achieve the final adjustment effect, and the superposition represents different stages of combustion conditions, so it is a step-by-step adjustment, the more the number of indicators represented by the combustion deteriorates, the higher the adjustment; conversely, the more the number of indicators of good combustion is, the lower the adjustment is, which can effectively target different degrees of combustion conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator.

[0037] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the primary air pressure setting reference value function f1(x1) in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the evaporation amount set value function f2(x2) in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for automatically controlling the primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Collect all data that can reflect the demand for primary air, including the evaporation set value, the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the first combustion grate, the total amount of primary air, and the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage;

[0042] S2, based on the differential pressure of the combustion layer, such as Figure 2 As shown, the primary air pressure setting reference value is determined according to the primary air pressure setting reference value function f1(x), where f1 is the primary air pressure setting reference value, and x1 is the differential pressure of a combustion layer, both in KPa;

[0043]

[0044] S3. According to the opening values ​​of all the small primary air dampers in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the maximum value in the automatic state is selected. When the maximum opening is greater than 70%, +0.2 is output; when the maximum opening is less than 40%, -0.2 is output; otherwise, 0 is output as the first correction value;

[0045] S4, such as Figure 3As shown, according to the evaporation amount setting value function f2(x2), where f2 is the second correction value, and x2 is the percentage of the evaporation amount setting value reaching the rated evaporation amount;

[0046] f2(x2)=0.6667x2-0.6, (60% <x2<120%);

[0047] S5. Calculate the theoretical total primary air volume according to the evaporation volume setting value, and calculate the ratio of the actual total primary air volume to the theoretical total primary air volume. If the ratio is > 80%, output +0.1; if the ratio is < 50%, output -0.1; otherwise, output 0 as the third correction value;

[0048] S6. Take the average temperature of the middle and upper layers in the furnace, and output -0.1 when the temperature is >1030°C, and output +0.1 when the temperature is <960°C, otherwise output 0 as the fourth correction value;

[0049] S7. Add the first correction value, the second correction value, the third correction value and the fourth correction value as the final correction value, correct the primary wind pressure setting reference value obtained in the second step, obtain the final primary wind pressure setting value, and impose restrictions. When the calculated result is lower than 1.8KPa, directly output 1.8KPa. When the calculated result is higher than 3.0KPa, directly output 3.0KPa. Make the output value between 1.8 and 3.0KPa to avoid over-adjustment.

[0050] The present invention uses multiple operating parameters such as the evaporation amount setting value, the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage material layer on the first combustion grate, the total amount of primary air, the opening of the small primary air door corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage to judge the combustion condition of the incinerator, so as to provide a basis for automatic adjustment; based on the differential pressure of the first combustion stage material layer, the primary air pressure setting reference value is obtained according to the set functional relationship, and subsequent corrections are only made on the basis of the reference value; the parameters such as the air door damper opening, the differential pressure of the first combustion stage material layer, the total amount of primary air, and the temperature in the furnace respectively use the data screening methods of the maximum two-digit average value, the maximum value, the proportional value, and the average value, which can more directly reflect abnormal combustion conditions, and obtain adjustment or correction values ​​through their respective corresponding functional relationships; upper and lower limits are set in the output result to prevent excessive adjustment or program output of erroneous values ​​that may cause equipment overload or tripping.

[0051] The present invention uses parameters such as the opening of the air door damper, the differential pressure of a combustion layer, the total amount of primary air, the temperature in the furnace, etc. to judge the combustion state of the incinerator, which can reflect the actual demand for the primary air pressure. The data is updated in real time, so the output result is also real-time corresponding. The primary air pressure can be adjusted quickly, thereby (lowering) saving unnecessary waste of electricity or (increasing) quickly improving the primary air penetration ability to improve combustion.

[0052] The present invention adopts a fixed reference value + correction adjustment method, and sets upper and lower limits for the output results, which can avoid excessive adjustment of the primary air pressure; the output result of the correction value of each single item is not large, but is superimposed on each other to achieve the final adjustment effect, and the superposition represents different stages of combustion conditions, so it is a step-by-step adjustment, the more the number of indicators represented by the combustion deteriorates, the higher the adjustment; conversely, the more the number of indicators of good combustion is, the lower the adjustment is, which can effectively target different degrees of combustion conditions.

[0053] The present invention aims at automatically adjusting the wind pressure of the main pipe primary air system, and according to the combustion state of the incinerator, it can prevent the primary air from running under too high or too low pressure for a long time, causing combustion fluctuation or waste of electric energy.

[0054] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0055] The rated evaporation capacity of a certain garbage incinerator is 100t / h, corresponding to the theoretical total primary air volume of 95KNm3 / h. The actual evaporation capacity setting value of the data collection is currently 95t / h, and the actual total primary air volume is 80KNm3 / h. The differential pressure of the garbage layer on the combustion grate is as follows:

[0056] Layer pressure difference / KPa Column A Column B Column C Column D Burn a section 2.21 2.42 2.44 2.33

[0057] The air door openings of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage are as follows:

[0058] Air door opening % Column A Column B Column C Column D Drying stage 2 40％ 42％ 43％ 50％ Burn a section 60％ 80％ 75％ 60％

[0059] The average temperature in the upper part of the furnace is 1060℃. Then:

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the two largest values ​​of differential pressure of the burning layer are 2.42 and 2.44, and the average value is 2.43. The primary air pressure setting reference value is calculated to be 2.6 KPa according to f1(x);

[0061] According to the air door opening of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the maximum value is 80%, so the first correction value output is +0.2KPa;

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, according to the evaporation setting value of 95t / h, which is 95% of the rated evaporation capacity, the second correction value output is +0.03KPa according to f2(x);

[0063] According to the actual total primary air volume of 80KNm3 / h, and the theoretical total primary air volume corresponding to 95t / h is 90.25KNm3 / h, 80KNm3 / h accounts for 88.6%, which is greater than 80%, so the third correction value output is +0.1KPa;

[0064] According to the average temperature of the upper part of the furnace, 1060°C, which is greater than 1030°C, the fourth correction value 4 is output as -0.1KPa;

[0065] The final correction value obtained by adding the final four correction values ​​is +0.23KPa, and the final primary wind pressure setting value obtained after correction of the primary wind pressure base value of 2.6KPa is 2.83KPa.

[0066] Related Notes:

[0067] Burning section one, drying section two: The garbage incineration grate furnace is generally divided into drying section, combustion section, and burnout section grate from front to back according to the direction of garbage movement. Some furnace types will be divided more finely, divided into drying section one and two, burning section one, two and three, and burnout section one and two. What is mainly expressed here is the area where the garbage is mainly dried and burned. It will also be divided into 4 columns horizontally, and different furnace types may have 3 columns or 2 columns. The case adopted by the present invention is arranged as shown in the following table:

[0068] Drying section A Drying stage 2A Burn a section A Combustion Stage 2A Combustion three stages A Burning a section A Burnout 2nd stage A Drying Section B Drying stage B Burning a section B Combustion stage B Combustion three stages B Burning Section B Burnout Stage 2 B Drying section C Drying stage 2C Burn a section of C Combustion stage 2C Combustion three stages C Burn a section of C Burnout Stage 2 C Drying section D Drying stage 2D Burn a section D Combustion Stage 2D Burning three stages D Burn a section D Burnout Stage 2D

[0069] Differential pressure of garbage layer: The primary wind passes through the garbage to provide oxygen for the internal and external combustion of the garbage. While penetrating the garbage, it will encounter resistance and reduce the pressure. This reduced pressure is the differential pressure of the garbage layer, which is a representative value of the thickness of the garbage layer.

[0070] Small air door damper: For example, the drying section, combustion section, and burnout section grates in the first line are distributed, with a total of 28 grate units. The primary air is usually divided into 28 routes, and air is supplied to the grates through their respective air door dampers. This air door damper is called "small air door damper" or simply "air door damper" in this technical briefing book.

[0071] The present invention also discloses a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein the computer program executes the steps of the method described above when executed by a processor.

[0072] The present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described above are executed.

[0073] The present invention also discloses a primary air pressure automatic control system for a garbage incinerator, comprising a memory and a processor connected to each other, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is run by the processor, the steps of the method described above are executed.

[0074] The product, medium and system of the present invention correspond to the above method and also have the advantages described in the above method.

[0075] The present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by hardware related to computer program instructions. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiment when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. Computer-readable storage media include: any entity or device that can carry computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. The memory is used to store computer programs and / or modules, and the processor implements various functions by running or executing computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory, and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, an internal memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0076] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator, characterized in that: Includes steps: Obtain the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the first combustion grate, the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the evaporation setting value, the total primary air volume and the temperature inside the furnace; Determine the primary wind pressure setting reference value based on the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the combustion grate; Output the first correction value according to the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate of the second drying stage and the first combustion stage; Outputting a second correction value according to the evaporation amount set value; Outputting a third correction value according to the total air volume of the primary air; outputting a fourth correction value according to the temperature in the furnace; The first correction value, the second correction value, the third correction value and the fourth correction value are added together as a final correction value, and the primary wind pressure setting reference value is corrected to obtain a final primary wind pressure setting value for automatic primary wind pressure control.

2. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of determining the primary wind pressure setting reference value based on the differential pressure measurement value of the garbage layer on the combustion grate is as follows: According to the measured value of the differential pressure of the garbage layer on the combustion grate and the preset function f1(x1), the primary wind pressure setting reference value is obtained, which is: Among them, f1(x1) is the reference value for setting the primary air pressure, and x1 is the measured value of the differential pressure of the garbage layer on the combustion grate, both in units of KPa.

3. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of outputting the first correction value according to the opening of the primary air damper corresponding to each grate in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage is as follows: According to the opening values ​​of all small primary air dampers in the second drying stage and the first combustion stage, the maximum value in the automatic state is selected. When the maximum opening is greater than 70%, +0.2 is output; when the maximum opening is less than 40%, -0.2 is output; otherwise, 0 is output as the first correction value.

4. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The specific process of outputting the second correction value according to the evaporation amount set value is: The second correction value is obtained according to the evaporation amount setting value function f2(x), specifically: f2(x2)=0.6667x2-0.6 60% <x2<120%; Where f2(x2) is the second correction value, and x2 is the percentage of the evaporation amount set value reaching the rated evaporation amount.

5. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The specific process of outputting the third correction value according to the total air volume of the primary air is: The theoretical total primary air volume is calculated based on the evaporation volume setting value, and the ratio of the actual total primary air volume to the theoretical total primary air volume is calculated. When the ratio is >80%, the output is +0.1, and when the ratio is <50%, the output is -0.1, otherwise the output is 0, which is used as the third correction value.

6. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The specific process of outputting the fourth correction value according to the furnace temperature is as follows: Take the average temperature of the middle and upper layers in the furnace, and output -0.1 when the temperature is >1030°C, and output +0.1 when the temperature is <960°C, otherwise the output is 0, as the fourth correction value.

7. The method for automatically controlling primary air pressure of a waste incinerator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: When performing automatic primary air pressure control, the primary air pressure is limited to between 1.8 and 3.0 KPa.

8. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are performed.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program performs the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A primary air pressure automatic control system for a garbage incinerator, comprising a memory and a processor connected to each other, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program performs the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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