Dilution refrigerating machine with liquid nitrogen auxiliary rapid pre-cooling function

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of dilution refrigerators, and particularly discloses a dilution refrigerator with a liquid nitrogen-assisted rapid pre-cooling function, which comprises a dilution refrigerator assembly, a cold head assembly and a liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device, the dilution refrigerator assembly comprises a vacuum cavity, a first-stage load and a second-stage load, the cold head assembly is fixedly installed on the vacuum cavity, and the first-stage load is fixedly installed on the cold head assembly; the tail end of the cold head assembly is connected with the secondary load; the cold head assembly sequentially penetrates through the vacuum cavity and the first-stage load and then is connected with the second-stage load. By introducing the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device, the temperature of the primary load can be quickly reduced, the time and energy consumption required by the primary cold head in the pre-cooling stage are remarkably reduced, and the efficiency of the whole refrigeration process is improved; through the intervention of the thermal switch device, the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device and the primary load can be disconnected after the pre-cooling is finished, so that the vibration of the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device on the primary load is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of dilution refrigerators, in particular to a dilution refrigerator with a liquid nitrogen-assisted rapid precooling function. Background Art

[0002] The basic principle of a dilution refrigerator is to achieve heat energy conversion through dilution of helium and magnetic field forces. Specifically, it uses the special properties of a mixture of 3He (helium-3) and 4He (helium-4) at extremely low temperatures to achieve cooling. When the temperature of the mixed solution drops below 0.86K, the mixed solution will separate into two phases: the phase containing more 3He is called the concentrated phase, and the phase containing less 3He is called the dilute phase. When 3He atoms are removed from the dilute phase, in order to maintain the balance of the two phases, the 3He in the concentrated phase will enter the dilute phase through the phase interface to replenish the removed 3He atoms. This dilution process requires endothermic absorption, and this endothermic phenomenon can be used to make a dilution refrigerator.

[0003] The premise for the normal operation of the dilution refrigerator is that the primary load must first be precooled to the required temperature, such as 50K. In a conventional dilution refrigerator, the precooling of the primary load is completed by the primary cold head alone. Due to the limitation of the cooling power of the primary cold head, the precooling process usually takes a long time. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a dilution refrigerator with liquid nitrogen-assisted rapid precooling function to solve the problem that in the conventional dilution refrigerator in the prior art, the precooling of the first-stage load is completed by the first-stage cold head alone, and due to the limitation of the refrigeration power of the first-stage cold head, the precooling process usually takes a long time.

[0005] A dilution refrigerator with a liquid nitrogen-assisted rapid precooling function, comprising a dilution refrigerator assembly, a cold head assembly and a liquid nitrogen precooling device;

[0006] The dilution refrigerator assembly comprises a vacuum cavity, a primary load and a secondary load, the cold head assembly is fixedly mounted on the vacuum cavity, and the primary load is fixedly mounted on the cold head assembly;

[0007] The end of the cold head assembly and the secondary load are connected to each other;

[0008] The cold head assembly sequentially penetrates the vacuum cavity, the primary load and the secondary load and is connected to each other, and the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device is fixedly installed on the vacuum cavity and can pre-cool the primary load;

[0009] The cold head assembly comprises a primary cold head, which is arranged in the vacuum cavity and can pre-cool the primary load.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a thermal switch device, wherein the thermal switch device is installed on the liquid nitrogen precooling device.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a control unit for controlling the opening and disconnection of the thermal switch device.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] By introducing a liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device, the temperature of the primary load can be quickly reduced, significantly reducing the time and energy consumption required for the primary cold head in the pre-cooling stage, and improving the efficiency of the entire refrigeration process;

[0014] Through the intervention of the thermal switch device, the liquid nitrogen precooling device and the primary load can be disconnected after the precooling is completed, thereby reducing the vibration of the liquid nitrogen precooling device on the primary load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dilution refrigerator assembly of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Dilution refrigerator assembly; 11. Vacuum chamber; 12. Primary load; 13. Secondary load; 2. Cold head assembly; 21. Primary cold head; 3. Liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown:

[0020] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a dilution refrigerator with a liquid nitrogen-assisted rapid precooling function, comprising a dilution refrigerator assembly 1, a cold head assembly 2 and a liquid nitrogen precooling device 3;

[0021] The dilution refrigerator assembly 1 comprises a vacuum chamber 11, a primary load 12 and a secondary load 13, the cold head assembly 2 is fixedly mounted on the vacuum chamber 11, and the primary load 12 is fixedly mounted on the cold head assembly 2;

[0022] The end of the cold head assembly 2 and the secondary load 13 are connected to each other;

[0023] The cold head assembly 2 sequentially penetrates the vacuum cavity 11, the primary load 12 and is connected to the secondary load 13. The liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 is fixedly installed on the vacuum cavity 11 and can precool the primary load 12.

[0024] The cold head assembly 2 includes a primary cold head 21, which is disposed in the vacuum chamber 11 and can pre-cool the primary load 12;

[0025] Preferably, the bottom of the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 is in an adaptable shape such as a ring or a horseshoe, so as to better fit the primary load 12 and improve the precooling efficiency.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, after the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 is turned on, the primary load 12 can be quickly cooled down by the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 , thereby preventing the primary cold head 21 from spending a lot of time on precooling the primary load 12 .

[0027] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that it further includes a thermal switch device, which is installed on the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3.

[0028] It can be seen from the above that, through the intervention of the thermal switch device, the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 and the primary load 12 can be disconnected after the precooling is completed, thereby reducing the vibration of the liquid nitrogen precooling device 3 on the primary load 12.

[0029] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is basically the same as the previous embodiment, except that it further includes a control unit for controlling the opening and closing of the thermal switch device.

[0030] From the above, it can be seen that the control unit can accurately control the opening and disconnection of the thermal switch device according to the preset refrigeration strategy and real-time temperature monitoring data, ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the liquid nitrogen pre-cooling process and avoiding unnecessary energy waste and potential equipment damage.

[0031] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0036] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0037] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dilution refrigerator with liquid nitrogen assisted rapid precooling function, characterized in that: It comprises a dilution refrigerator component (1), a cold head component (2) and a liquid nitrogen pre-cooling device (3); The dilution refrigerator assembly (1) comprises a vacuum chamber (11), a primary load (12) and a secondary load (13); the cold head assembly (2) is fixedly mounted on the vacuum chamber (11); and the primary load (12) is fixedly mounted on the cold head assembly (2); The end of the cold head assembly (2) and the secondary load (13) are connected to each other; The cold head assembly (2) sequentially penetrates the vacuum cavity (11), the primary load (12), and is then connected to the secondary load (13); the liquid nitrogen precooling device (3) is fixedly mounted on the vacuum cavity (11) and can precool the primary load (12); The cold head assembly (2) comprises a primary cold head (21), wherein the primary cold head (21) is arranged in the vacuum cavity (11) and can pre-cool a primary load (12).

2. A dilution refrigerator with liquid nitrogen assisted rapid precooling function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a thermal switch device, which is installed on the liquid nitrogen precooling device (3).

3. A dilution refrigerator with liquid nitrogen assisted rapid precooling function as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A control unit is also included for controlling the opening and disconnection of the thermal switch device.

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