Slope angle dynamic adjustment test device and method suitable for hypergravity

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope angle dynamic adjustment test device and method suitable for hypergravity. The model box supporting system and the angle adjusting system are both connected to an external hoisting bottom plate, the instability model box is used for containing a soil body model and hinged to the model box supporting system, the stacking model box is movably installed on the angle adjusting system, the instability model box is in lap joint with the stacking model box, and the angle adjusting system is externally connected with a control system. The method comprises the steps that the device is assembled, and the soil body model is placed in the instability model box; hoisting the whole device into a geotechnical centrifuge, and carrying out a slope angle dynamic adjustment test in a supergravity environment; the soil body model in the instability model box is observed in the slope angle dynamic adjustment test, and then the destructive performance of the prototype soil sample under the slope with different gradients under the real working condition is restored. The device can reproduce the processes of slope instability, sliding and deceleration accumulation, and has the characteristics of large angle adjustment range, stable angle inclination rate, good controllability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing equipment, and in particular relates to a slope angle dynamic adjustment test device and method suitable for high hypergravity. Background Art

[0002] my country has a complex terrain and widely distributed slopes, including naturally formed slopes, high fill projects, earth-rock dams, landfills, tailings dams and other artificial slopes. These slopes are prone to instability in extreme environments, causing disasters such as landslides, resulting in serious economic losses and casualties. my country is one of the countries with the most serious landslide disasters in the world. In 2023 alone, a total of 3,668 geological disasters occurred in the country, including 925 landslides. Once unstable and landslides occur, they will pose a great threat.

[0003] Loose accumulation slopes are prone to instability under heavy rainfall and external loads, and their shear strength is reduced, leading to overall instability. The instability of the landslide body is highly fluid, destructive, and has a wide range of influence. In physical experiments, the engineering problem of slope instability and destruction faces complex triggering conditions and difficulty in triggering, long sliding distance after destruction, extremely high stress at the moment of instability and destruction and difficulty in restoring, and difficulty in dynamically adjusting the slope angle under high hypergravity. Therefore, it is particularly critical to use hypergravity tests to simulate the long-distance slope instability sliding destruction triggering under high hypergravity.

[0004] The slope inclination adjustment device can adjust the angle in a hypergravity environment to achieve the seismic performance of tailings dams, underwater slope instability caused by static liquefaction, shear characteristics of loose saturated sand, and the reproduction of the sliding process of landslides along the slide bed after slope instability. It is of great significance in understanding the mechanism of slope instability, formulating disaster prevention and mitigation measures, and optimizing engineering design. Studying slope failure under different triggering modes is helpful to reveal the critical slope, instability mode and changes in soil mechanical properties, which can provide a scientific basis for slope design, reduce landslide risks, and provide targeted guidance for the design of reinforcement measures.

[0005] The existing slope inclination adjustment test equipment under hypergravity has problems such as limited adjustable angle of the model (0-20°), low applicable hypergravity g value (below 15g, and the inclination change is achieved by motor drive, which is not suitable for high hypergravity, or hydraulic drive hydraulic cylinder tilt to withstand bending moment), complex experimental equipment and often rely on external oil source to achieve device lifting and lowering adjustment. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a slope angle dynamic adjustment test device and method suitable for high hypergravity, so as to overcome the problems in the prior art such as complex device structure, difficult monitoring of prototype test device, limited adjustable angle of model in model test device, difficult to control the inclination angle of model box, complex experimental device and reliance on external oil source, and inability to trigger slope instability under high hypergravity.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: 1. A slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high super gravity: It includes an unstable model box, a stacking model box, a model box support system and an angle adjustment system; the bottom ends of the model box support system and the angle adjustment system are fixedly connected to an external lifting base plate, the lifting base plate is placed in the hanging basket of a centrifuge, the unstable model box is used to place a soil model, the bottom end of the unstable model box can be hinged to the top of the model box support system in an up and down swinging manner, the stacking model box can be installed on the angle adjustment system in an up and down movable manner, the unstable model box is overlapped on the stacking model box, and the angle adjustment system is externally connected to the control system.

[0008] The angle adjustment system includes three guide column assemblies, three supporting oil cylinders, an oil cylinder clamp assembly, a synchronous oil drain valve, a hydraulic synchronizer and a supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump; The bottom ends of the guide column assembly and the supporting oil cylinder are vertically fixedly connected to the lifting bottom plate, the guide column assembly and the top of the supporting oil cylinder are connected by the cylinder clamp assembly, the rodless chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders are respectively connected to the upper oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, the lower oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer are connected through the first plate ball valve and the synchronous oil drain valve, the rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders are connected to the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump, and the synchronous oil drain valve and the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump are connected to the hydraulic oil tank in the model box support system; The top ends of the guide column assembly and the supporting cylinder are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stacking model box. The angle adjustment system is used to accurately control the lifting and lowering of the stacking model box through the retractable supporting cylinder, and thereby accurately control the angle change value and angle change rate of the unstable model box overlapped on the stacking model box in a hypergravity environment.

[0009] The supporting cylinder reset hydraulic pump includes a second plate-type ball valve, a gear pump, a motor and a relief valve; the motor and the relief valve are both connected to the gear pump, the second plate-type ball valve is provided with three oil holes, the first oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve is connected to the independent rod chambers of the three supporting cylinders, the second oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump, and the third oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank in the model box support system; the first plate-type ball valve is provided with three oil holes, the first oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve is connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, the second oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump, the third oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve is connected to the inlet of the synchronous oil drain valve, and the gear pump and the relief valve are both connected to the hydraulic oil tank in the model box support system.

[0010] The model box support system includes a rotating shaft, a bearing seat, an upper top plate, a guide column assembly, a height adjustment screw assembly and a hydraulic oil tank; The bottom end of the hydraulic oil tank is fixedly connected to the lifting base plate, the bottom ends of the retractable guide column assembly and the height adjustment screw assembly are fixedly connected to the hydraulic oil tank, the top ends of the guide column assembly and the height adjustment screw assembly are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper top plate, the bearing seat is fixedly installed on the upper top plate, and the rotating shaft can be installed on the bearing seat so as to rotate around its own axis; the first model box bottom plate of the unstable model box is hinged on the rotating shaft of the model box support system.

[0011] The instability model box comprises a rear baffle, a first observation window, a first model box bottom plate, two first model box side plates, an upper connecting plate, a transition plate and a transition plate rotating shaft; the bottom ends of the rear baffle and the two first model box side plates are fixedly connected to the first model box bottom plate, the two first model box side plates are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the rear baffle are respectively connected to the two first model box side plates, the front top ends of the two first model box side plates are connected by an upper connecting plate, the front end of the first model box bottom plate is hinged to the transition plate by the transition plate rotating shaft, the soil model is placed on the first model box bottom plate, and the middle of the first model box side plate is provided with a first observation window for observing the soil model; the transition plate of the instability model box is overlapped at the opening position of the stacking model box; A groove is provided in the middle of the bottom plate of the first model box, and the bottom plate of the first model box is hinged on the rotating shaft of the model box supporting system at the groove.

[0012] The stacking model box comprises a second observation window, a second model box bottom plate, two second model box side plates and a front baffle; the bottom ends of the front baffle and the two second model box side plates are fixedly connected to the second model box bottom plate, the two second model box side plates are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the front baffle are respectively connected to the two second model box side plates, and the middle part of the second model box side plate is provided with a second observation window for observing the soil model; The transition plate of the unstable model box is overlapped on the bottom plate of the second model box. The guide column assembly and the supporting cylinder in the angle adjustment system are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate of the second model box. The angle adjustment system is used to adjust the height of the stacked model box, thereby changing the inclination angle of the unstable model box overlapped on the stacked model box.

[0013] An instability model box in the angle adjustment system is provided with an inclination sensor, and the inclination sensor and the support cylinder reset hydraulic pump are both externally connected to a control system.

[0014] 2. A test method for dynamic slope angle adjustment suitable for high hypergravity, comprising the following steps: Step S1, model making: placing a soil model in an unstable model box, and after the soil model is made, installing the unstable model box on a model box support system; Step S2, hanging the device into the hanging basket of the geotechnical centrifuge to perform a slope angle dynamic adjustment test under a hypergravity environment; Step S3: In the slope angle dynamic adjustment test, the soil model in the instability model box is observed to obtain the destructive performance of the soil model under different slopes, and then the destructive performance of the prototype soil sample under the actual working condition under different slopes is restored.

[0015] The step S2 is specifically as follows: Firstly, the hoisting base plate with the test device installed is hoisted into the centrifuge as a whole and fixed, and two of the three oil holes in the first plate ball valve and the second plate ball valve are controlled to be connected under normal gravity, the centrifuge is started, and the centrifugal acceleration of the centrifuge is gradually increased to the preset Ng and maintained for the preset time. At the same time, the oil discharge speed of the synchronous oil discharge valve is controlled to make the piston rod of the supporting cylinder move up and down, and the piston rod of the supporting cylinder drives the stacking model box to move up and down synchronously, thereby changing the inclination angle of the instability model box and the soil model, and then the destructive performance of the soil model is observed at different inclination angles.

[0016] In step S2, the specific method of controlling two of the three oil holes in the first plate ball valve and the second plate ball valve to be connected so that the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder moves up and down is: When the device is tested for dynamic slope angle adjustment in a supergravity environment of g<Ng<15g: the oil hole in the first plate-type ball valve connected to the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer and the oil hole connected to the synchronous oil drain valve are connected, and the oil hole in the second plate-type ball valve connected to the rod chamber of the support oil cylinder and the oil hole connected to the gear pump are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer, and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer flows to the synchronous oil drain valve through the first plate-type ball valve and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank, thereby causing the piston rod of the support oil cylinder to descend; When the device is subjected to the slope angle dynamic adjustment test in a supergravity environment of Ng≥15g: the oil through hole connected to the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer and the oil through hole connected to the synchronous oil drain valve in the first plate-type ball valve are connected, and the oil through hole connected to the rod chamber of the support oil cylinder and the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank in the second plate-type ball valve are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer, and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer flows to the synchronous oil drain valve through the first plate-type ball valve and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank, thereby causing the piston rod of the support oil cylinder to descend; When the device is reset under normal gravity environment: the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic synchronizer and the oil through hole connected to the gear pump in the first plate-type ball valve are connected, and the oil through hole connected to the supporting oil cylinder and the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank in the second plate-type ball valve are connected, so that the hydraulic oil enters the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer through the first plate-type ball valve from the gear pump, and the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer flows back to the rodless chamber of the three supporting oil cylinders, and the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder is lifted upward, thereby realizing the angle reset of the unstable model box and the stacking model box.

[0017] The hydraulic principle of the angle adjustment system is as follows: The inclination adjustment of the unstable model box under high gravity is controlled by draining oil through the synchronous drain valve. The cross-sectional areas of the three supporting oil cylinders and the three hydraulic oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer are equal during design and manufacturing, and the three supporting oil cylinders are controlled to descend synchronously, so that the supporting oil cylinders can be mechanically forced to descend synchronously. There are no servo valves and proportional valves, and the structure is reliable under the high supergravity acceleration value Ng. The angle adjustment system can not only synchronize the three supporting oil cylinders, but also does not require a power source when draining the oil. The oil can be discharged by using the gravity of the device itself under supergravity. The supporting oil cylinder is always in a vertical arrangement state during the process of changing the angle of the unstable model box, which weakens the influence of high supergravity, regards the weight of the model box under high supergravity as the load of the supporting oil cylinder, increases the internal pressure of the hydraulic system, and as the supergravity g value increases, the system oil pressure is higher, so that under high supergravity, the downward adjustment of the supporting oil cylinder to cause the inclination angle of the unstable model box to change is more effective and simple; there is no deformation of the piston rod due to its own gravity, and there is no creeping or jamming, which avoids the piston from generating a huge eccentric load friction and affecting the stability of the device.

[0018] The entire angle adjustment system has a reliable structure, the valve opening is precisely controlled, and the support cylinder descending speed is controllable. The angle adjustment system can complete the filling and draining of the system through the opening and closing of each manual plate ball valve and the combination of a one-way oil filling pump, which is convenient for experiments. The angle adjustment system adopts a fully enclosed oil supply and discharge method to ensure that the oil does not contact the air and the elastic modulus does not change. At the same time, it also ensures that there is no gas in the support cylinder, thereby ensuring that the three support cylinders move uniformly during the experiment.

[0019] The support oil cylinder has two oil chambers, one with a rod and one without a rod. The hydraulic synchronizer has six independent oil chambers divided by three pistons. The cross section of each independent oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer is equal. The plate-type ball valve is a two-position three-way valve, which can manually select two of the three oil holes in the plate-type ball valve. The synchronous oil discharge valve can drive the valve core to move through the action of the motor reducer, thereby changing the oil cross section of the valve core in the synchronous oil discharge valve to change the hydraulic oil flow of the oil discharge pipeline of the angle adjustment system, thereby changing the oil discharge speed of the three lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, and further changing the oil inlet speed of the three independent upper chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, thereby accurately changing the descending speed of the three support oil cylinders.

[0020] When the device is centrifugally working in a low supergravity acceleration value Ng environment: the second plate ball valve selects the rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders and the high-pressure hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump, and the first plate ball valve selects the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer and the hydraulic oil inlet of the synchronous oil release valve. Since the upper part of the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder has the load of the stacking model box, the upper part of the rod chamber of the supporting oil cylinder and the pressurized hydraulic oil provided by the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump, the rodless chamber of the supporting oil cylinder will generate back pressure, causing the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the supporting oil cylinder to flow to the three independent upper chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, and the hydraulic oil in the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer flows to the inlet of the synchronous oil release valve through the first plate ball valve, and the oil is released through the synchronous oil release valve to control the flow of the hydraulic oil, and finally returns to the hydraulic oil tank. Then the descending speed of the supporting oil cylinder is controlled, that is, the rate of change of the inclination angle of the unstable model box is controlled, and finally the height of the stacking model box is reduced and the angle of the unstable model box is increased.

[0021] When the device is working centrifugally in an environment with a high supergravity acceleration value Ng: the second plate-type ball valve selects the hydraulic pipelines of the rod chambers of the three supporting cylinders and the hydraulic oil tank, and the first plate-type ball valve selects the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer and the hydraulic oil inlet of the synchronous oil release valve. Since there is a stacking model box load on the upper part of the piston rod of the supporting cylinder, the rodless chamber of the supporting cylinder will generate back pressure, causing the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the supporting cylinder to flow to the three independent upper chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer, and the hydraulic oil in the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer to flow to the inlet of the synchronous oil release valve through the first plate-type ball valve, and the oil is released through the synchronous oil release valve to control the flow of the hydraulic oil, and finally return to the hydraulic oil tank. Then the descending speed of the supporting cylinder is controlled, and finally the height of the stacking model box is reduced and the angle of the unstable model box is increased.

[0022] When the device is reset in a normal gravity environment: the second plate-type ball valve selects the hydraulic pipelines between the rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders and the hydraulic oil tank, and the first plate-type ball valve selects the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer and the high-pressure hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump. The hydraulic oil passes through the high-pressure hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump and the first plate-type ball valve into the three independent lower chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer. The hydraulic oil in the independent lower chamber pushes the hydraulic synchronizer piston upward, and the hydraulic oil in the three independent upper chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer flows back to the lower chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders. The piston rods of the supporting oil cylinders are lifted upward, and finally the height of the stacked model box is increased and the angle of the unstable model box is reset.

[0023] The angle change design of the unstable model box of the device of the present invention is designed using the seesaw principle. The rotation fulcrum of the unstable model box is located behind the center of mass of the unstable model box itself, and the front of the unstable model box overlaps the upper surface of the stacking model box. The unstable model box can rotate itself only by its own gravity, and the pressure on the stacking model box is relatively small. There are three supporting cylinders under the stacking model box and three guide column structures to ensure the stability of the stacking model box structure. The overall device can adjust the initial angle of the unstable model box by lifting the model box support system, and dynamically adjust the slope angle by mechanically forcing the synchronous descent of the stacking model box through the three supporting cylinders.

[0024] The device of the present invention is suitable for high-gravity environment. The three supporting cylinders are placed vertically to weaken the influence of hypergravity. The supporting cylinders are not affected by bending moment. The weight of the model box under high hypergravity is regarded as the load of the supporting cylinders, and the internal pressure of the hydraulic system is increased. As the hypergravity g value increases, the system oil pressure is higher, and the hypergravity can be resisted; and geometric decoupling is adopted, and the three cylinders are mechanically forced to descend synchronously to change the slope angle, so as to ensure the stability of the device. The device of the present invention can operate under hypergravity conditions of full load 150g and no load 300g. It can adjust the inclination angle of different devices and apply different external influencing factors to study the instability and failure mode of the slope model, the seismic performance of the tailings dam, the shear characteristics of loose saturated sand, and the sliding process of the landslide body along the slide bed. This test device can help scientific researchers complete the simulation of natural or engineering slope disaster processes in the laboratory, serve to reveal the instability-sliding dynamic transformation mechanism in the process of high slope instability and destruction disasters, and provide theoretical support and technical verification for the prediction, evaluation and control of large-scale slope disasters.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The device of the present invention can be used to study the failure mechanism of slopes under high supergravity with different slope angles, the influence of different slope change rates on slope liquefaction instability, and the shear characteristics of saturated sand, so as to provide a reliable basis for the optimization of engineering design, slope reinforcement schemes and early warning systems, deeply understand the physical and mechanical properties of soil particles and the instability law of slopes under prototype sites, and improve the safety and reliability of slope engineering design.

[0026] 2. In the device of the present invention, the hydraulic support cylinder and the hydraulic synchronizer are arranged vertically, which weakens the influence of hypergravity. The weight of the model box under hypergravity is regarded as the load of the support cylinder, increasing the internal pressure of the hydraulic system. As the hypergravity g value increases, the system oil pressure becomes higher, and the control angle performance is optimized and stable and reliable. At the same time, the piston can be prevented from being subjected to eccentric load friction under high hypergravity, and a guide column is provided for impact resistance, which is applicable to high hypergravity conditions up to 300g.

[0027] 3. The present invention combines manual adjustment under normal gravity with adjustment by a super gravity control system. The unstable chute angle is adjusted to 0-30°, with a large angle adjustment range, a stable angle tilt rate and good controllability. The device of the present invention has a simple and reliable structure and can dynamically adjust the slope angle by its own weight under super gravity without the aid of an external oil source.

[0028] 4. The device of the present invention can truly restore the prototype stress conditions of the slope, can truly reproduce the instability and destructive movement process, has good test repeatability at the model scale, and can reproduce the process of slope instability, sliding and deceleration accumulation. The present invention is used to simulate the natural or engineering slope disaster process, to reveal the instability-sliding dynamic transformation mechanism in the process of high slope instability and destructive disaster, and to provide theoretical support and technical verification for the prediction, evaluation and control of large-scale slope disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device for dynamically adjusting the slope angle of a side slope according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment system; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic synchronization principle in the angle adjustment system; Figure 4 This is the principle diagram of the hydraulic system when the device is working centrifugally; Figure 5 This is the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system when the device is shut down and reset; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the model box support system; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the instability model box; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of stacking model boxes; Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of angle adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional perspective view of the overall device of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Instability model box; 2. Stacking model box; 3. Model box support system; 4. Angle adjustment system; 1.1-rear baffle; 1.2-first observation window; 1.3-first model box bottom plate; 1.4-first model box side plate; 1.6-upper connecting plate; 1.7-transition plate; 1.8-transition plate rotation axis; 2.2, second observation window; 2.3, second model box bottom plate; 2.4, second model box side plate; 2.6, front baffle; 3.1, rotation axis; 3.2, Bearing seat; 3.3, upper top plate; 3.4, guide column assembly; 3.5, height adjustment screw assembly; 3.6, hydraulic oil tank; 4.1, guide column assembly; 4.2, supporting cylinder; 4.3, cylinder clamp assembly; 5.1, synchronous oil drain valve; 5.2, hydraulic synchronizer; 6.2, pressure sensor; 6.3, first plate ball valve; 6.4, second plate ball valve; 6.5, gear pump; 6.6, motor; 6.7, overflow valve; 6.8; supporting cylinder reset hydraulic pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation cases. The following implementation cases will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but will not limit the present invention in any form.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes an unstable model box 1, a stacking model box 2, a model box support system 3 and an angle adjustment system 4; the bottom ends of the model box support system 3 and the angle adjustment system 4 are fixedly connected to an external lifting base plate, the lifting base plate is placed in the hanging basket of the centrifuge, the unstable model box 1 is used to place the soil model, the bottom end of the unstable model box 1 can be hinged to the top of the model box support system 3 so as to swing up and down, the stacking model box 2 can be installed on the angle adjustment system 4 so as to move up and down, the unstable model box 1 is overlapped on the stacking model box 2, and the angle adjustment system 4 is externally connected to the control system.

[0033] Both the unstable model box 1 and the stacking model box 2 are provided with openings. The opening of the unstable model box 1 is used as the front direction of the device, and the opening of the stacking model box 2 is located in the rear direction of the device. The opening of the unstable model box 1 is placed on the upper surface of the opening of the stacking model box 2. The angle adjustment system 4 is used to control the up and down movement of the stacking model box 2. When the stacking model box 2 moves up and down, the front part of the unstable model box 1 moves up and down synchronously with the stacking model box 2, thereby changing the inclination angle of the unstable model box 1.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the angle adjustment system 4 includes three retractable guide column assemblies 4.1, three supporting oil cylinders 4.2, an oil cylinder clamp assembly 4.3, a synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1, a hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 and a supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8; The bottom ends of the guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 are both vertically fixedly connected to the hoisting bottom plate, and the tops of the guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 housings are connected via the oil cylinder clamp assembly 4.3. The guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 are arranged alternately, such as Figure 3 As shown, the rodless chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders 4.2 are respectively connected to the upper oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, the lower oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 are all connected through the first plate ball valve 6.3 and the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1, the rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders 4.2 are all connected to the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8, and the outlet of the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1 and the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8 are all connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 in the model box support system 3; The top ends of the guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting cylinder 4.2 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stacking model box bottom plate 2.3 in the stacking model box 2. The angle adjustment system 4 is used to accurately control the lifting and lowering of the stacking model box 2 through the retractable supporting cylinder 4.2, and then accurately control the angle change value and angle change rate of the unstable model box 1 overlapped on the stacking model box 2 in a supergravity environment. The supporting cylinder 4.2 is also used to support the weight of the unstable model box 1 and the stacking model box 2.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the support cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8 includes a second plate ball valve 6.4, a gear pump 6.5, a motor 6.6 and a relief valve 6.7; the motor 6.6 and the relief valve 6.7 are both connected to the gear pump 6.5, the second plate ball valve 6.4 is provided with three oil holes, the first oil hole of the second plate ball valve 6.4 is connected to the independent rod chambers of the three support cylinders 4.2, the second oil hole of the second plate ball valve 6.4 is connected to the high-pressure hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump 6.5, the third oil hole of the second plate ball valve 6.4 is connected to the model box support The hydraulic oil tank 3.6 in the support system 3 is connected; the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 is provided with three oil holes, the first oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 is connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, the second oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 is connected to the high-pressure hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump 6.5, the third oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 is connected to the inlet of the synchronous oil drain valve 5.1, and the hydraulic inlet and outlet of the gear pump 6.5 and the overflow valve 6.7 are all connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 in the model box support system 3.

[0036] The guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting cylinder 4.2 are both vertically mounted on the lifting base plate. The guide column assembly 4.1 is used to ensure that the stacking model box 2 is vertical during the lifting process, and can withstand a certain horizontal impact load when the test soil model is destroyed and impacted. The angle adjustment system 4 mainly changes the initial angle of the unstable model box 1 by changing the center of gravity height of the stacking model box 2, thereby achieving the angle adjustment of the unstable model box 1. The angle adjustment of the unstable model box 1 is automatic adjustment under hypergravity, the angle change range is 0~15°, and the angle adjustment speed is controllable. The angle adjustment system 4 is mainly used for angle adjustment under high hypergravity. In a specific embodiment, high hypergravity specifically refers to hypergravity with an acceleration value greater than 15g.

[0037] Pressure sensors 6.2 can be provided on the pipelines connecting the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 and the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, the pipelines connecting the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 and the first plate ball valve 6.3, and the pipelines connecting the first plate ball valve 6.3 and the gear pump 6.5. The hydraulic oil tank 3.6 in the model box supporting system 3 is responsible for storing the oil required for the oil inlet and outlet of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2; the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8 is selected through the first plate ball valve 6.3, connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, and the piston of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 is pushed upward, pushing the upper chamber oil of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 back to the three supporting oil cylinders 4.2, controlling the piston rods of the three supporting oil cylinders 4.2 to rise, and the device is reset.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the model box support system 3 includes a rotating shaft 3.1, a bearing seat 3.2, an upper top plate 3.3, a guide column assembly 3.4, a height adjustment screw assembly 3.5 and a hydraulic oil tank 3.6; The bottom end of the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 is fixedly connected to the lifting base plate, the bottom ends of the retractable guide column assembly 3.4 and the retractable height adjustment screw assembly 3.5 are both fixedly connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6, the top ends of the guide column assembly 3.4 and the height adjustment screw assembly 3.5 are both fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper top plate 3.3, the height adjustment screw assembly 3.5 is located between the two guide column assemblies 3.4, the bearing seat 3.2 is fixedly mounted on the upper top plate 3.3, and the rotating shaft 3.1 can be mounted on the bearing seat 3.2 axially rotatable around its own axis; the first model box bottom plate 1.3 of the unstable model box 1 is hinged on the rotating shaft 3.1 of the model box support system 3, so that the unstable model box 1 can swing up and down relative to the model box support system 3.

[0039] The model box support system 3 is mainly used to manually adjust the height of the support point of the unstable model box 1, thereby changing the inclination angle of the unstable model box 1. The angle change range is 0~15°, and the angle adjustment range under super gravity is 0~15°, and the total angle adjustment range is 0-30°.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the instability model box 1 includes a rear baffle 1.1, a first observation window 1.2, a first model box bottom plate 1.3, two first model box side plates 1.4, an upper connecting plate 1.6, a transition plate 1.7 and a transition plate rotating shaft 1.8; the bottom ends of the rear baffle 1.1 and the two first model box side plates 1.4 are fixedly connected to the first model box bottom plate 1.3, the two first model box side plates 1.4 are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the left and right ends of the rear baffle 1.1 are respectively connected to the two first model box side plates 1.4 The front top ends of the two first model box side plates 1.4 are connected by an upper connecting plate 1.6, the front end of the first model box bottom plate 1.3 is hinged to the transition plate 1.7 by a transition plate rotating shaft 1.8, the soil model is placed on the first model box bottom plate 1.3, and a first observation window 1.2 for observing the soil model is provided in the middle of the first model box side plate 1.4; the transition plate 1.7 of the unstable model box 1 is overlapped at the opening position of the stacking model box 2, so as to facilitate the destruction of the soil model and enter the stacking model box 2; A groove is provided in the middle of the first model box bottom plate 1.3, and the first model box bottom plate 1.3 is hinged to the rotating shaft 3.1 of the model box supporting system 3 at the groove, and the groove of the first model box bottom plate 1.3 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3.1.

[0041] The instability model box 1 is used to stack soil models in simulation tests, and the front of the instability model box 1 is overlapped to the upper surface of the second model box bottom plate 2.3 of the stacking model box 2. The instability model box 1 can adjust the angle of the instability model box 1 through the angle adjustment system 4, thereby changing the angle of the soil model. The rear baffle 1.1 is installed at the rear end of the instability model box 1, and no baffle is provided at the front end of the instability model box 1 to form an opening of the instability model box 1, so that the soil model can fall from the opening of the instability model box 1 to the stacking model box 2.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, the stacking model box 2 includes a second observation window 2.2, a second model box bottom plate 2.3, two second model box side plates 2.4 and a front baffle 2.6; the bottom ends of the front baffle 2.6 and the two second model box side plates 2.4 are fixedly connected to the second model box bottom plate 2.3, the two second model box side plates 2.4 are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the left and right ends of the front baffle 2.6 are respectively connected to the two second model box side plates 2.4, and the middle of the second model box side plate 2.4 is provided with a second observation window 2.2 for observing the soil model; The transition plate 1.7 of the unstable model box 1 is overlapped on the bottom plate 2.3 of the second model box. The guide column assembly 4.1 and the supporting cylinder 4.2 in the angle adjustment system 4 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate 2.3 of the second model box. The angle adjustment system 4 is used to adjust the height of the stacking model box 2, thereby changing the inclination angle of the unstable model box 1 overlapped on the stacking model box 2.

[0043] Specifically, the stacking model box 2 is used to accumulate the soil impacted from the instability model box 1 during the slope instability sliding test, and can rise and fall following the action of the angle adjustment system 4, thereby changing the inclination angle of the instability model box 1 overlapped on the upper surface of the stacking model box 2.

[0044] An inclination sensor is arranged in the instability model box 1 in the angle adjustment system 4, a pressure sensor 6.2 is arranged on the supporting cylinder 4.2, a valve core displacement sensor is arranged on the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1, and the supporting cylinder 4.2, the inclination sensor, the pressure sensor 6.2, the valve core displacement sensor and the motor 6.6 in the supporting cylinder reset hydraulic pump 6.8 in the angle adjustment system 4 are externally connected to the control system.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: Step S1, model making: placing a soil model in the instability model box 1, and after the soil model making is completed, installing the instability model box 1 on the model box support system 3; Step S2, hang the device into the basket of the geotechnical centrifuge, connect the inclination sensor, pressure sensor 6.2, and valve core displacement sensor in the device to the external control system, and conduct a slope angle dynamic adjustment test under a hypergravity environment. Fig. 9 As shown; Step S3, in the slope angle dynamic adjustment test, the soil models in the instability model box 1 and the stacking model box 2 are observed to obtain the destructive performance of the soil models under different slopes, and then restore the destructive performance of the prototype soil samples under real working conditions under different slopes.

[0046] Step S2 is specifically as follows: like Fig.10 As shown, first, the hoisting base plate with the test device installed is hoisted into the centrifuge as a whole and fixed, and under normal gravity, two of the three oil holes in the first plate ball valve 6.3 and the second plate ball valve 6.4 are controlled by an external control system to be connected, the centrifuge is started, and the centrifugal acceleration of the centrifuge is gradually increased to a preset Ng and maintained for a preset time, and the oil release speed of the synchronous oil release valve 5.1 is controlled to make the piston rod of the supporting cylinder 4.2 move up and down accurately at a preset speed, and the piston rod of the supporting cylinder 4.2 drives the stacking model box 2 to move up and down synchronously, thereby changing the inclination angle of the instability model box 1 and the soil model, and then the destructive performance of the soil model is observed at different inclination angles.

[0047] In step S2, the specific method of controlling two of the three oil holes in the first plate ball valve 6.3 and the second plate ball valve 6.4 to be connected so that the piston rod of the supporting cylinder 4.2 moves up and down is: like Figure 4As shown, when the device performs a slope angle dynamic adjustment test in a hypergravity environment of g<Ng<15g: the oil through hole connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 in the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 and the oil through hole connected to the synchronous oil release valve 5.1 are connected, and the oil through hole connected to the independent rod chambers of the three supporting cylinders 4.2 in the second plate-type ball valve 6.4 and the oil through hole connected to the gear pump 6.5 are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the supporting cylinder 4.2 flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 flows to the synchronous oil release valve 5.1 through the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6, thereby causing the piston rod of the supporting cylinder 4.2 to descend; wherein g represents normal gravity acceleration; N represents the ratio of centrifugal acceleration to gravity acceleration in a hypergravity environment; When the device is tested for dynamic slope angle adjustment in a supergravity environment of Ng≥15g: the oil hole in the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 and the oil hole connected to the synchronous oil release valve 5.1 are connected, and the oil hole in the second plate-type ball valve 6.4 connected to the independent rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders 4.2 and the oil hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2, and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 flows to the synchronous oil release valve 5.1 through the first plate-type ball valve 6.3 and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6, thereby causing the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder 4.2 to descend; like Figure 5 As shown, when the device is reset under normal gravity environment: the oil through hole connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 in the first plate ball valve 6.3 and the oil through hole connected to the gear pump 6.5 are connected, and the oil through hole connected to the independent rod chambers of the three supporting cylinders 4.2 in the second plate ball valve 6.4 and the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 are connected, so that the hydraulic oil enters the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 through the first plate ball valve 6.3 from the gear pump 6.5, and the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer 5.2 flows back to the rodless chambers of the three supporting cylinders 4.2, and the piston rods of the supporting cylinders 4.2 are lifted upward, thereby realizing the angular reset of the unstable model box 1 and the stacking model box 2.

[0048] Specifically, the descending speed of the piston rod of the support oil cylinder 4.2 is precisely controlled by the oil discharge speed of the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1. If the entire test device is tested under a low g value environment with a centrifugal force of less than 15g, the load of the support oil cylinder 4.2 generated by the centrifugal force is small, and the hydraulic pressure at the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder is small, which is not conducive to the oil discharge control of the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1. Considering that in the low g value test, the upper chamber of the support oil cylinder is pressurized by connecting the gear pump 6.5 to increase the load of the support oil cylinder 4.2, thereby increasing the hydraulic system pressure of the oil discharge oil circuit of the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1, it is convenient for the synchronous oil discharge valve 5.1 to discharge oil. If the entire test device is tested under a high g value environment, the load of the support oil cylinder generated by the centrifugal force is large, and the hydraulic pressure at the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder is large, it is not necessary to connect the gear pump 6.5, and the rod chamber of the support oil cylinder 4.1 can be directly connected to the hydraulic oil tank 3.6 through the second plate ball valve 6.4.

[0049] The core function of this device is the angle adjustment of the unstable model box 1, of which 0-15° is manually adjustable, and the subsequent 15° is controlled in real time by the angle adjustment system 4. The adjustable angle within 0-15° of the unstable model box 1 is achieved by manually adjusting the height of the model box support system 3. The adjustment process is to manually rotate the nut sleeve to change the lifting and lowering of the height adjustment screw assembly 3.5 to adjust the extension and retraction of the stud, thereby adjusting the height of the model box support system 3, and then changing the initial angle of the unstable model box 1. During the test, the subsequent 15° adjustment method after the centrifuge test is turned on is mainly achieved by the action of the three synchronous support cylinders 4.2 at the bottom of the stacking model box 2. The piston rods of the three synchronous support cylinders 4.2 are lowered, and the front end of the unstable model box 1 is synchronously lowered, and the angle of the unstable model box 1 is further changed. The inclination angle of the soil model is controlled by the inclination angle of the unstable model box 1 to simulate the slope of the prototype soil sample.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity, characterized in that: The invention comprises an instability model box (1), a stacking model box (2), a model box support system (3) and an angle adjustment system (4); the bottom ends of the model box support system (3) and the angle adjustment system (4) are fixedly connected to an external lifting bottom plate, the lifting bottom plate is placed in the hanging basket of a centrifuge, the instability model box (1) is used to place a soil model, the bottom end of the instability model box (1) is hinged to the top end of the model box support system (3) in a manner that it can swing up and down, the stacking model box (2) is installed on the angle adjustment system (4) in a manner that it can move up and down, the instability model box (1) is overlapped on the stacking model box (2), and the angle adjustment system (4) is externally connected to a control system.

2. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle adjustment system (4) comprises three guide column assemblies (4.1), three supporting oil cylinders (4.2), an oil cylinder clamp assembly (4.3), a synchronous oil drain valve (5.1), a hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) and a supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump (6.8); The bottom ends of the guide column assembly (4.1) and the supporting oil cylinder (4.2) are both vertically fixedly connected to the hoisting bottom plate; the tops of the guide column assembly (4.1) and the supporting oil cylinder (4.2) are connected via an oil cylinder clamp assembly (4.3); the rodless chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders (4.2) are respectively connected to the upper oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2); the lower oil chambers of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) are connected via a first plate-type ball valve (6.3) and a synchronous oil drain valve (5.1); the rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders (4.2) are all connected to a supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump (6.8); and the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1) and the supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump (6.8) are both connected to a hydraulic oil tank (3.6) in the model box support system (3); The top ends of the guide column assembly (4.1) and the supporting oil cylinder (4.2) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stacking model box (2), and the angle adjustment system (4) is used to control the lifting and lowering of the stacking model box (2) through the retractable supporting oil cylinder (4.2), thereby controlling the angle change value and angle change rate of the unstable model box (1) overlapped on the stacking model box (2) in a hypergravity environment.

3. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting oil cylinder reset hydraulic pump (6.8) comprises a second plate-type ball valve (6.4), a gear pump (6.5), a motor (6.6) and an overflow valve (6.7); the motor (6.6) and the overflow valve (6.7) are both connected to the gear pump (6.5); the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) is provided with three oil holes; the first oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) is connected to the independent rod chambers of the three supporting oil cylinders (4.2); the second oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump (6.5); the third oil hole of the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump (6.5); The first plate-type ball valve (6.3) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6) in the model box support system (3); the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) is provided with three oil holes, the first oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) is connected to the lower oil chamber of the three independent oil chambers of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2), the second oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet of the gear pump (6.5), the third oil hole of the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) is connected to the inlet of the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1), and the gear pump (6.5) and the overflow valve (6.7) are both connected to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6) in the model box support system (3).

4. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model box support system (3) comprises a rotating shaft (3.1), a bearing seat (3.2), an upper top plate (3.3), a guide column assembly (3.4), a height adjustment screw assembly (3.5) and a hydraulic oil tank (3.6); The bottom end of the hydraulic oil tank (3.6) is fixedly connected to the lifting base plate, the bottom ends of the telescopic guide column assembly (3.4) and the height adjustment screw assembly (3.5) are fixedly connected to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6), the top ends of the guide column assembly (3.4) and the height adjustment screw assembly (3.5) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the upper top plate (3.3), the bearing seat (3.2) is fixedly mounted on the upper top plate (3.3), and the rotating shaft (3.1) is mounted on the bearing seat (3.2) so as to be rotatable around its own axis; the first model box bottom plate (1.3) of the instability model box (1) is hinged to the rotating shaft (3.1) of the model box support system (3).

5. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instability model box (1) comprises a rear baffle (1.1), a first observation window (1.2), a first model box bottom plate (1.3), two first model box side plates (1.4), an upper connecting plate (1.6), a transition plate (1.7) and a transition plate rotation axis (1.8); The bottom ends of the rear baffle (1.1) and the two first model box side panels (1.4) are fixedly connected to the first model box bottom panel (1.3), the two first model box side panels (1.4) are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the rear baffle (1.1) are respectively connected to the two first model box side panels (1.4), the front top ends of the two first model box side panels (1.4) are connected via an upper connecting plate (1.6), and the front end of the first model box bottom panel (1.3) is connected via a transition plate rotation axis (1.8 ) is hingedly connected to the transition plate (1.7), the soil model is placed on the first model box bottom plate (1.3), and a first observation window (1.2) for observing the soil model is provided in the middle of the first model box side plate (1.4); the transition plate (1.7) of the unstable model box (1) is overlapped at the opening position of the stacking model box (2); a groove is provided in the middle of the first model box bottom plate (1.3), and the first model box bottom plate (1.3) is hingedly connected to the rotating shaft (3.1) of the model box support system (3) at the groove.

6. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacking model box (2) comprises a second observation window (2.2), a second model box bottom plate (2.3), two second model box side plates (2.4) and a front baffle (2.6); the bottom ends of the front baffle (2.6) and the two second model box side plates (2.4) are fixedly connected to the second model box bottom plate (2.3), the two second model box side plates (2.4) are relatively symmetrically arranged, and the two ends of the front baffle (2.6) are respectively connected to the two second model box side plates (2.4); and a second observation window (2.2) for observing the soil model is arranged in the middle of the second model box side plates (2.4); The transition plate (1.7) of the unstable model box (1) is overlapped on the bottom plate (2.3) of the second model box, and the guide column assembly (4.1) and the supporting oil cylinder (4.2) in the angle adjustment system (4) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate (2.3) of the second model box. The angle adjustment system (4) is used to adjust the height of the stacked model box (2), thereby changing the inclination angle of the unstable model box (1) overlapped on the stacked model box (2).

7. The slope angle dynamic adjustment test device suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 2, characterized in that: An instability model box (1) in the angle adjustment system (4) is provided with an inclination sensor, and the inclination sensor and the support cylinder reset hydraulic pump (6.8) are both externally connected to a control system.

8. A slope angle dynamic adjustment test method suitable for high hypergravity applied to the device described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, model making: placing a soil model in an unstable model box (1), and after the soil model is made, installing the unstable model box (1) on a model box support system (3); Step S2, hanging the device into the hanging basket of the geotechnical centrifuge to perform a slope angle dynamic adjustment test under a hypergravity environment; Step S3: In the slope angle dynamic adjustment test, the soil model in the instability model box (1) is observed to obtain the failure performance of the soil model under different slopes, thereby restoring the failure performance of the prototype soil sample under real working conditions under different slopes.

9. A slope angle dynamic adjustment test method suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S2 is specifically as follows: First, the hoisting base plate with the test device installed is hoisted into the centrifuge as a whole and fixed, and two of the three oil passages in the first plate ball valve (6.3) and the second plate ball valve (6.4) are controlled to be open under normal gravity, the centrifuge is started, and the centrifugal acceleration of the centrifuge is gradually increased to a preset Ng and maintained for a preset time, while the oil release speed of the synchronous oil release valve (5.1) is controlled so that the piston rod of the supporting cylinder (4.2) moves up and down, and the piston rod of the supporting cylinder (4.2) drives the stacking model box (2) to move up and down synchronously, thereby changing the inclination angle of the instability model box (1) and the soil model, and then observing the destructive performance of the soil model at different inclination angles.

10. A slope angle dynamic adjustment test method suitable for high hypergravity according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S2, the specific method of controlling two of the three oil holes in the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) and the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) to be connected so that the piston rod of the supporting oil cylinder (4.2) moves up and down is: When the device is subjected to a slope angle dynamic adjustment test in a supergravity environment of g<Ng<15g: the oil through hole in the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) connected to the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) and the oil through hole connected to the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1) are connected, and the oil through hole in the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) connected to the support oil cylinder (4.2) and the oil through hole connected to the gear pump (6.5) are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder (4.2) flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2), and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) flows through the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) to the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1) and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6), thereby causing the piston rod of the support oil cylinder (4.2) to descend; When the device is subjected to a slope angle dynamic adjustment test in an ultra-gravity environment of Ng≥15g: the oil through hole in the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) connected to the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) and the oil through hole connected to the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1) are connected, and the oil through hole in the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) connected to the support oil cylinder (4.2) and the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6) are connected, so that the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder (4.2) flows to the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2), and the hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) flows through the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) to the synchronous oil drain valve (5.1) and flows back to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6), thereby causing the piston rod of the support oil cylinder (4.2) to descend; When the device is reset in a normal gravity environment: the oil through hole in the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) connected to the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) and the oil through hole connected to the gear pump (6.5) are connected, and the oil through hole in the second plate-type ball valve (6.4) connected to the support oil cylinder (4.2) and the oil through hole connected to the hydraulic oil tank (3.6) are connected, so that the hydraulic oil enters the lower oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) through the first plate-type ball valve (6.3) from the gear pump (6.5), and the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber of the hydraulic synchronizer (5.2) flows back to the rodless chambers of the three support oil cylinders (4.2), and the piston rods of the support oil cylinders (4.2) are lifted upward, thereby achieving the angle reset of the instability model box (1) and the stacking model box (2).

Images