Sensor distribution scheme generation method and device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a sensor distribution scheme generation method and device, equipment and a computer medium. The method comprises the steps that a fixed point of a target area is determined; the fixed point is a fixed point for fixing the sensor in the target area; randomly generating a plurality of distribution schemes based on the fixed points, wherein the distribution schemes comprise distribution positions of the fixed points of the sensors in the target area; determining a monitoring index and a deployment cost of each distribution scheme, and determining a target solution of each distribution scheme according to the monitoring index and the deployment cost; and determining a target distribution scheme based on a preset condition and the target solution. An optimal distribution scheme can be generated according to the environmental characteristics of the target area and the monitoring capability and deployment cost of the sensors in the target area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of computer technology, and in particular, to a sensor distribution scheme generation method, apparatus, device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In environmental monitoring scenarios, due to the spatial reasons of the environment, a single sensor can only represent the environmental parameters of a certain point, so multiple sensors need to be deployed to monitor the environmental parameters of the target type in the environment. Therefore, the placement of sensors directly affects the efficiency and system performance of environmental monitoring. To achieve the best performance, as many sensors as possible should be deployed to obtain more accurate and reliable environmental monitoring data, that is, high coverage (referring to the number of sensors in a unit environmental area).

[0003] However, achieving high coverage requires more sensors, which greatly increases the cost of environmental monitoring. However, if the number of sensors is reduced, the coverage of some individual sensors (the coverage range of a sensor) will be too large, and the distribution of sensors will be sparse, making it impossible to effectively perceive changes in some areas of the environment.

[0004] Therefore, an effective solution is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an embodiment of this specification provides a sensor distribution scheme generation method. One or more embodiments of this specification also involve a sensor distribution scheme generation device, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer program to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of this specification, a sensor distribution scheme generating method is provided, including: Determine a fixed point of the target area; the fixed point is a fixed point in the target area used to fix the sensor; Randomly generate multiple distribution schemes based on the fixed points, the distribution schemes including the distribution positions of the fixed points of the sensors in the target area; Determine the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution plan, and determine the target solution for each distribution plan based on the monitoring indicators and deployment costs; The target distribution scheme is determined based on preset conditions and target solution.

[0007] In some embodiments of this specification, determining the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution solution includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the coverage and failure probability of the sensors at the fixed points, and determine the detection index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage and failure probability; Determine the installation cost of the sensor at the fixed point, and determine the deployment cost of the distribution scheme based on the installation cost of all sensors in the distribution scheme.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present specification, determining the coverage of sensors on fixed points includes: Determine the coverage decay rate of the sensor, which represents the rate at which the coverage of the sensor decays with distance; Determine the spatial distance between the fixed point and other fixed points in the target area; The coverage of the sensor at a fixed point is determined based on the spatial distance and the coverage attenuation rate.

[0009] In some embodiments of this specification, the monitoring index includes a coverage reliability index, and determining the monitoring index and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the coverage reliability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determine the coverage reliability index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage reliability of all sensors in the distribution scheme; Determine the target solution for each distribution scheme based on monitoring indicators and deployment costs, including: The target solution for each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0010] In some embodiments of this specification, the monitoring indicator includes an average expected coverage, and determining the monitoring indicator and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the expected coverage of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determining an average expected coverage of the distribution scheme based on the expected coverage of all sensors in the distribution scheme; Determine the target solution for each distribution scheme based on monitoring indicators and deployment costs, including: The target solution for each distribution scheme is determined according to the average expected coverage and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0011] In some embodiments of this specification, determining a target solution for each distribution scheme according to monitoring indicators and deployment costs includes: The target solution of each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index, average expected coverage and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present specification, a plurality of distribution schemes are randomly generated based on a fixed point, including: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, a fixed point in the distribution scheme is taken as a selected point, and an unselected point in the target area is determined based on the selected point, where the unselected point represents a fixed point in the target area that is not included in the distribution scheme; Selecting a predetermined number of fixed points from unselected points based on a predetermined random algorithm, replacing selected points in the distribution scheme to generate multiple modified distribution schemes; The target solutions corresponding to the multiple revised solutions are determined, and the distribution solution is replaced by a revised distribution solution whose target solution satisfies a second predetermined condition.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a sensor distribution scheme generating device is also proposed, including: A target area determination module is used to determine a fixed point in the target area; the fixed point is a fixed point in the target area used to fix the sensor; A sensor distribution determination module, used to randomly generate a plurality of distribution schemes based on fixed points, the distribution schemes including distribution positions of fixed points of sensors in a target area; The distribution scheme evaluation module is used to determine the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution scheme, and determine the target solution of each distribution scheme based on the monitoring indicators and deployment costs; The distribution scheme determination module is used to determine the target distribution scheme based on preset conditions and the target solution.

[0014] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of this specification, a computing device is provided, including: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method are implemented.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer-executable instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method are implemented.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer program is provided, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer is caused to execute the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generating method.

[0017] An embodiment of the present specification implements a sensor distribution scheme generation method, by randomly generating multiple distribution schemes for fixed points for installing sensors in a target area, and determining the target solution of the monitoring effect and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme based on the monitoring index and deployment cost of the sensor at the fixed point in each scheme, and using the distribution scheme whose target solution meets the deployment conditions as the distribution scheme for environmental monitoring of the target area. The optimal distribution scheme can be generated according to the environmental characteristics of the target area and the monitoring capability and deployment cost of the sensor in the target area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a sensor distribution scheme generation method provided by an embodiment of this specification; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of sensor distribution in an environmental monitoring scenario provided by an embodiment of this specification; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of sensor fixing points of a distribution solution provided in one embodiment of this specification; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sensor distribution scheme generating device provided by an embodiment of this specification; Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a computing device provided by an embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of this specification. However, this specification can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of this specification, so this specification is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0020] The terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms of "a" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0021] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0022] The present invention aims to solve the problems of poor environmental monitoring effect, inability to effectively perceive environmental changes through sensors, and high deployment costs caused by unreasonable sensor distribution schemes in traditional environmental monitoring scenarios.

[0023] In this specification, a sensor distribution scheme generation method is provided. This specification also relates to a sensor distribution scheme generation device, a computing device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which are described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, according to a first aspect of an embodiment of this specification, a sensor distribution scheme generating method is provided, comprising: Step S1, determining a fixed point in the target area; the fixed point is a fixed point in the target area used to fix the sensor; Step S2, randomly generating multiple distribution schemes based on the fixed points, the distribution schemes including the distribution positions of the fixed points of the sensors in the target area; Step S3: Determine the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution scheme, and determine the target solution of each distribution scheme according to the monitoring indicators and deployment costs; Step S4: Determine the target distribution scheme based on the preset conditions and the target solution.

[0025] In this specification, the target area refers to the space where environmental monitoring is required, that is, the space where sensors need to be deployed. Fixed points refer to the locations where sensors are installed in the target area. The distribution scheme refers to the location distribution scheme of the sensors in the space corresponding to the target area. Monitoring indicators are data indicators specified in the embodiments of this specification for measuring the reliability and functionality of the distribution scheme. Deployment cost refers to the cost of deploying all sensors in the corresponding distribution scheme, generally including the sum of economic costs, materials, labor and other monitoring-related consumption. The target solution refers to a numerical value obtained by a predetermined calculation method based on the monitoring indicators and the deployment cost, which is an evaluation indicator used to measure the pros and cons of the distribution scheme. Preset conditions refer to preset judgment conditions used to screen or judge whether the target solution meets the expectations.

[0026] In step S1, first obtain the spatial data of the target area, for example, obtain the corresponding spatial range of the target area through public map data; or obtain the spatial data of the target area through RTK (Real-time kinematic, real-time differential positioning). Then, divide the space of the target area into spatial units of the same size according to the preset size. Then use the designated point of the spatial unit as the fixed point. For example, use the center of the spatial unit as the fixed point. It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present specification, the spatial unit corresponding to the fixed point for fixing the sensor generally refers to a surface with an actual object, such as a horizontal ground, an inclined outer wall of a building, or the surface of a naturally formed mountain.

[0027] Further, after the fixed points are determined according to the spatial units, each fixed point is numbered according to the spatial distribution relationship to obtain a corresponding fixed point number set. At the same time, the coordinate data of each fixed point in the space corresponding to the target area is determined.

[0028] In step S2, a plurality of number combinations are randomly generated as distribution schemes according to the number set of fixed points obtained in step S1, and each distribution scheme includes at least one fixed point. Alternatively, a distribution scheme including a plurality of coordinate data is randomly generated according to the corresponding coordinate data in the fixed point set. The fixed point number in each distribution scheme theoretically corresponds to the location where the sensor is installed.

[0029] Further, in step S3, after determining multiple distribution schemes, for each distribution scheme, a monitoring index representing the environmental monitoring performance and a corresponding deployment cost are determined, and then a target solution for each distribution scheme is determined according to the monitoring index and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present specification, the monitoring indicator may be the coverage reliability of the sensors in each distribution scheme, and the target solution of each distribution scheme is further determined based on the coverage reliability and the deployment cost of the distribution scheme.

[0031] In some embodiments of this specification, the monitoring index may be the expected coverage of the sensors in each distribution scheme, that is, the data representation of the coverage capability of the sensors in the distribution scheme to the target area. The target solution of each distribution scheme is further determined based on the expected coverage and the deployment cost of the distribution scheme.

[0032] In step S4, after determining the target solutions of multiple distribution schemes, the target solution that meets the preset conditions is determined according to the preset conditions for screening the target solutions, and the distribution scheme corresponding to the target solution is used as the target solution. The preset condition can be a corresponding screening threshold, such as a given numerical value. If the index of the corresponding target solution is greater than the numerical value or less than the numerical value, the distribution scheme corresponding to the corresponding target solution is used as the target distribution scheme. This can avoid that the randomly generated distribution schemes are all poor distribution schemes. In addition, the preset condition can also be to compare the target solutions of each distribution scheme, and use the target solution with the largest or smallest numerical value as the target distribution scheme. In this way, the optimal distribution scheme is selected.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present specification, target solutions whose values ​​are greater than or less than a screening threshold may be first screened out, and then the target solutions greater than or less than the screening threshold may be screened out to find the largest or smallest target solution. If there is no target solution greater than or less than the screening threshold, a new distribution scheme may be regenerated to obtain the target solution.

[0034] In some embodiments of this specification, determining the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution solution includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the coverage and failure probability of the sensors at the fixed points, and determine the detection index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage and failure probability; Determine the installation cost of the sensor at the fixed point, and determine the deployment cost of the distribution scheme based on the installation cost of all sensors in the distribution scheme.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present specification, determining the coverage of sensors on fixed points includes: Determine the coverage decay rate of the sensor, which represents the rate at which the coverage of the sensor decays with distance; Determine the spatial distance between the fixed point and other fixed points in the target area; The coverage of the sensor at a fixed point is determined based on the spatial distance and the coverage attenuation rate.

[0036] In this embodiment, when determining the monitoring index and deployment cost of each distribution scheme, all the fixed points of each distribution scheme are first determined, and then the coverage of the corresponding sensor at each fixed point is determined.

[0037] Furthermore, before determining the coverage of the sensor, the spatial distance between the fixed points needs to be calculated: ; in, Indicates the numberi 1 The fixed points and numbers are i 2 In some embodiments of the present specification, calculating the spatial distance between the fixed points refers to calculating the sensor distance between the fixed points for fixing the sensors in the distribution scheme.

[0038] Furthermore, the decreasing rate of coverage of the sensor used for environmental monitoring of the target area with distance is determined. The decreasing rate of coverage with distance is determined according to the performance characteristics of the sensor or according to an empirical value.

[0039] Finally, based on the distance between the fixed points and the decreasing rate of the sensor's coverage, the corresponding coverage of the fixed point lock of the sensor in the target area is determined. The coverage is determined in the following way: ; in, Indicates that in the number s The sensor pairs arranged at the fixed points are numbered as i The coverage of fixed points. Among them, Indicates the rate at which coverage decreases with distance.

[0040] Furthermore, the failure probability of the sensor is determined. The failure probability refers to the probability of a corresponding sensor failing after being deployed in a corresponding environment. Due to the environment and the quality of the sensor itself, the failure probability of the same sensor in different deployment environments is different. Therefore, in some embodiments, the failure probability of the sensor can be set based on experience.

[0041] Furthermore, after determining the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the distribution scheme, the monitoring index of the distribution scheme is obtained according to the coverage and failure probability of each sensor in the distribution scheme. For example, the coverage of all sensors in a distribution scheme is summed up to obtain the overall coverage of the distribution scheme as a monitoring index for solving the subsequent target solution.

[0042] In some embodiments of this specification, the distribution scheme is determined as follows: ; In the formula, C represents the total cost of deploying sensors, that is, the deployment cost; represents the cost of installing the sensor at the fixed point s, which is a data indicator obtained based on experience after considering economic factors such as labor, materials, and time factors; S represents the set of numbers of all fixed points for fixing sensors corresponding to the distribution scheme; The sensor placement decision variable is a given value set based on construction experience. The corresponding sensor placement decision variable may be different for different monitoring environments.

[0043] In some embodiments of this specification, the monitoring index includes a coverage reliability index, and determining the monitoring index and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the coverage reliability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determine the coverage reliability index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage reliability of all sensors in the distribution scheme; Determine the target solution for each distribution scheme based on monitoring indicators and deployment costs, including: The target solution for each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0044] In this embodiment, the monitoring index includes a coverage reliability index. When determining the target solution of each distribution scheme based on the coverage reliability index and the deployment cost, the coverage reliability of the sensor at each fixed point in each distribution scheme is first determined. The coverage reliability of the sensor is calculated as follows: ; Indicates the number i The coverage reliability of fixed points. Among them, Indicates a conditional satisfaction function, that is, when the condition in the brackets is met, the function value is 1, otherwise it is 0. Indicates the number s The failure probability of the sensor at the fixed point. It represents the coverage threshold of the grid center point numbered i, that is, it is used to determine whether the coverage of the sensor at the fixed point meets the set monitoring requirements. The larger the coverage threshold, the higher the coverage threshold.

[0045] Furthermore, after determining the coverage reliability of each fixed point, the coverage reliability index of the distribution scheme is determined based on the coverage reliability of each fixed point. The specific calculation method is: ;in, A set of numbers representing the corresponding fixed points in the distribution scheme; Represents an operation to find the number of elements in a set.

[0046] Furthermore, after determining the coverage reliability index corresponding to the distribution scheme, the target solution G corresponding to each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index and the deployment cost. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0047] It represents the target solution of the distribution scheme weighted by the coverage reliability index and the deployment cost. and Respectively represent the weights of coverage reliability index and deployment cost, Represents an operation to find the number of elements in a set.

[0048] In some embodiments of this specification, the monitoring indicator includes an average expected coverage, and determining the monitoring indicator and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determine the expected coverage of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determining an average expected coverage of the distribution scheme based on the expected coverage of all sensors in the distribution scheme; Determine the target solution for each distribution scheme based on monitoring indicators and deployment costs, including: The target solution for each distribution scheme is determined according to the average expected coverage and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0049] In this embodiment, the monitoring index of the distribution scheme includes the average expected coverage. The expected coverage is evaluated based on the coverage and failure probability of the sensor corresponding to each fixed point in the distribution scheme. That is, the expected coverage at each fixed point is first determined, and the calculation method is as follows: ; represents the expected coverage of the fixed point numbered i.

[0050] After determining the expected coverage at each fixed point, the average expected coverage of each distribution scheme is determined according to the expected coverage corresponding to each distribution scheme. The calculation method is: .

[0051] Furthermore, after determining the average expected coverage of the corresponding distribution scheme, the target solution of the corresponding distribution scheme is further determined according to the average expected coverage: .

[0052] The distribution scheme is the objective solution weighted by the expected coverage and the deployment cost. and Represent the weights of expected coverage and deployment cost respectively, Represents an operation to find the number of elements in a set.

[0053] In some embodiments of this specification, determining a target solution for each distribution scheme according to monitoring indicators and deployment costs includes: The target solution of each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index, average expected coverage and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

[0054] As before, in this embodiment, the target solution for each distribution scheme can be determined by combining the coverage reliability index, the average expected coverage and the deployment cost. The specific calculation method is: .

[0055] In some embodiments of the present specification, a plurality of distribution schemes are randomly generated based on a fixed point, including: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, a fixed point in the distribution scheme is taken as a selected point, and an unselected point in the target area is determined based on the selected point, where the unselected point represents a fixed point in the target area that is not included in the distribution scheme; Selecting a predetermined number of fixed points from unselected points based on a predetermined random algorithm, replacing selected points in the distribution scheme to generate multiple modified distribution schemes; The target solutions corresponding to the multiple revised solutions are determined, and the distribution solution is replaced by a revised distribution solution whose target solution satisfies a second predetermined condition.

[0056] In the embodiments of this specification, the generation of distribution schemes can be performed by generating multiple distribution schemes in a random manner twice, that is, firstly generating multiple distribution schemes in a random manner, and then for each distribution scheme, generating multiple distribution schemes again by destroying and repairing the fixed points in the distribution scheme.

[0057] Specifically, N initial distribution schemes are randomly generated in a random manner as the current distribution scheme.

[0058] Further, based on the given number of iterations K, the target solution G corresponding to each current distribution scheme is calculated in each iteration, and then the number of removals is The random removal operator destroys the current solution, that is, remove A fixed point.

[0059] Furthermore, for each current distribution scheme of the damaged candidate, the best repair operator is used to repair it to obtain a new distribution scheme. That is, add sensor fixed points, so that the value of the added target solution reaches the maximum, and the corresponding target solution is recorded as .

[0060] Further, the judgment is recorded as and the size of G, if Then let the new distribution scheme be the current distribution scheme, otherwise, keep the current distribution scheme unchanged.

[0061] Perform K iterations according to the above process. Finally, the current distribution schemes after N iterations are obtained, and then the target solutions of the N current distribution schemes after iterations are determined, and the distribution scheme with the largest or smallest target solution is selected as the target distribution scheme.

[0062] Example: This is a scenario where multiple sensors are used to monitor a given area. The coverage of each sensor for any monitoring point is related to the distance between them, and each sensor has a certain probability of failure. The following processes are involved: Use side length l The area to be monitored is gridded by a square grid. In this example, ,like Figure 2 The area enclosed by the closed curve shown is the area to be monitored; The center point of the grid is used as a fixed point to represent the online shopping; After all grid center points are numbered, a grid center point number set is formed: ; In the formula, express n A collection of grid center point numbers. In this example, ; Number i The location of the grid center point is: In this example, Figure 2 The position of the center point of each square in is the position of the corresponding grid center point; Number i The monitoring importance of the grid center point is: In this example, each All are randomly generated values ​​between 0 and 1; The subset consisting of the numbers of all grid center points where sensors can be placed is S In this example, Figure 3 The square with a hollow circle in the center represents a grid where sensors can be deployed; In the number s The cost of arranging points at the center of the grid is: In this example, each All are randomly generated values ​​between 1 and 2; In the number s The failure probability of the sensor distributed at the center point of the grid is: In this example, each Both are 0.85; The total number of available sensors is M In this example, .

[0063] Step 2: The monitoring reliability calculation method under random environment is characterized by comprising the following processes: Number i 1 The grid center points are numbered i 2 The distance between the center points of the grid is: ; In the formula, Indicates the number i 1 The grid center points are numbered i 2 The distance of the grid center point; The sensor placement decision variables are: ; The set of numbers of all grid center points where sensors are deployed is ; In the number s The sensor pairs at the center of the grid are numbered as i The coverage of the grid center point is: ; In the formula, Indicates that in the number s The sensor pairs at the center of the grid are numbered as i The coverage of the grid center point. represents the rate at which coverage decreases with distance. In this example, ; Number i The coverage threshold of the grid center point is: In this example, all Both are 0.4; Number i The coverage reliability of the grid center point is: ; In the formula, Indicates the number i The coverage reliability of the grid center point. Indicates a conditional satisfaction function, that is, when the condition in the brackets is met, the function value is 1, otherwise it is 0.

[0064] Step 3: Monitoring sensor placement optimization model, characterized by including the following processes: Number i The expected coverage of the grid center points is: ; In the formula, Indicates the number i The expected coverage of the grid center points; The total cost of deployment is: ; In the formula, It represents the total cost of deployment; The value range constraints of sensor placement decision variables are: ; In the formula, when , indicating that in the number s The points are arranged at the center of the grid. When , it means no points are arranged; Total number of sensors constraints: ; The target solution is set by maximizing the weighted value of coverage reliability index, average expected coverage and total cost of deployment: ; Mode, represents the coverage reliability index, the average expected coverage and the weighted value of the total cost of deployment. , and They represent the weights of coverage reliability index, average expected coverage and total deployment cost respectively. Indicates the operation of finding the number of elements in a set. In this example, , , ; Furthermore, a large-scale neighborhood algorithm based on random removal operators and optimal repair operators is used to solve the above target solution. The specific steps of the algorithm are: 1) Random generation N The initial distribution scheme is N The current distribution scheme. In this example, ; 2) Given K In this example, ; 3) For each current distribution scheme and k =1, …, K Do 4) to 8); 4) Calculate the target solution value under the current solution ; 5) Use the number of removals to The random removal operator destroys the current solution. In this case, ; 6) Use the best repair operator to repair and obtain a new distribution scheme, that is, add sensor fixed points, so that the added target solution value reaches the maximum, recorded as ; 7) If , then let the new distribution scheme be the current distribution scheme, otherwise, keep the current distribution scheme unchanged; 8) Take the above N The one with the largest target solution among the current distribution schemes is selected, and the corresponding target solution value is output, and the corresponding monitoring sensor distribution scheme is output as the optimal distribution scheme of the monitoring sensor, and the entire algorithm ends. In this example, the maximum value of the target solution can be obtained as 1.37, and the following can be obtained: Figure 3 The optimal distribution scheme of monitoring sensors is shown in FIG. The square with a solid circle in the center represents the fixed point for fixing the sensor.

[0065] An embodiment of the present specification implements a sensor distribution scheme generation method, by randomly generating multiple distribution schemes for fixed points for installing sensors in a target area, and determining the target solution of the monitoring effect and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme based on the monitoring index and deployment cost of the sensor at the fixed point in each scheme, and using the distribution scheme whose target solution meets the deployment conditions as the distribution scheme for environmental monitoring of the target area. The optimal distribution scheme can be generated according to the environmental characteristics of the target area and the monitoring capability and deployment cost of the sensor in the target area.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, according to the third aspect of the embodiment of this specification, a sensor distribution scheme generating device is also proposed, including: The target area determination module 1 is used to determine the fixed point of the target area; the fixed point is the fixed point of the target area used to fix the sensor; A sensor distribution determination module 2 is used to randomly generate a plurality of distribution schemes based on fixed points, wherein the distribution schemes include distribution positions of fixed points of sensors in a target area; The distribution scheme evaluation module 3 is used to determine the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution scheme, and determine the target solution of each distribution scheme according to the monitoring indicators and deployment costs; The distribution scheme determination module 4 is used to determine the target distribution scheme based on preset conditions and the target solution.

[0067] like Figure 5As shown, according to a third aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computing device is provided, including: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method are implemented.

[0068] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer-executable instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method are implemented.

[0069] According to a fifth aspect of the embodiments of this specification, a computer program is provided, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer is caused to execute the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generating method.

[0070] An embodiment of the present specification implements a sensor distribution scheme generation method, by randomly generating multiple distribution schemes for fixed points for installing sensors in a target area, and determining the target solution of the monitoring effect and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme based on the monitoring index and deployment cost of the sensor at the fixed point in each scheme, and using the distribution scheme whose target solution meets the deployment conditions as the distribution scheme for environmental monitoring of the target area. The optimal distribution scheme can be generated according to the environmental characteristics of the target area and the monitoring capability and deployment cost of the sensor in the target area.

[0071] An embodiment of the present specification implements a sensor distribution scheme generation method, by randomly generating multiple distribution schemes for fixed points for installing sensors in a target area, and determining the target solution of the monitoring effect and deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme based on the monitoring index and deployment cost of the sensor at the fixed point in each scheme, and using the distribution scheme whose target solution meets the deployment conditions as the distribution scheme for environmental monitoring of the target area. The optimal distribution scheme can be generated according to the environmental characteristics of the target area and the monitoring capability and deployment cost of the sensor in the target area.

[0072] The above is a schematic scheme of the sensor distribution scheme generating device of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the sensor distribution scheme generating device and the technical scheme of the sensor distribution scheme generating method described above belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the sensor distribution scheme generating device can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the sensor distribution scheme generating method described above.

[0073] Figure 5The structure block diagram of a computing device 500 provided according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown. The components of the computing device 500 include but are not limited to a memory 510 and a processor 520. The processor 520 is connected to the memory 510 via a bus 530, and the database 550 is used to store data.

[0074] The computing device 500 also includes an access device 540 that enables the computing device 500 to communicate via one or more networks 560. Examples of these networks include a public switched telephone network (PSTN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a personal area network (PAN), or a combination of communication networks such as the Internet. The access device 540 may include one or more of any type of network interface (e.g., a network interface card (NIC)) that is wired or wireless, such as an IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) wireless interface, a world-wide interoperability for microwave access (Wi-MAX) interface, an Ethernet interface, a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a cellular network interface, a Bluetooth interface, and a near field communication (NFC).

[0075] In one embodiment of the present specification, the above components of the computing device 500 and Figure 5 Other components not shown in the figure may also be connected to each other, for example, via a bus. It should be understood that Figure 5 The computing device structure block diagram shown is only for the purpose of illustration, and is not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Those skilled in the art can add or replace other components as needed.

[0076] The computing device 500 may be any type of stationary or mobile computing device, including a mobile computer or mobile computing device (e.g., a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, etc.), a mobile phone (e.g., a smart phone), a wearable computing device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses, etc.), or other types of mobile devices, or a stationary computing device such as a desktop computer or a personal computer (PC). The computing device 500 may also be a mobile or stationary server.

[0077] The processor 520 is used to execute the following computer executable instructions, which implement the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution solution generation method when executed by the processor. The above is a schematic scheme of a computing device of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the computing device and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution solution generation method belong to the same concept. The details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the computing device can be found in the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution solution generation method.

[0078] An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generating method.

[0079] The above is a schematic scheme of a computer-readable storage medium of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the storage medium and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the storage medium can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method.

[0080] An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed in a computer, the computer is caused to execute the steps of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generating method.

[0081] The above is a schematic scheme of a computer program of this embodiment. It should be noted that the technical scheme of the computer program and the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method belong to the same concept, and the details not described in detail in the technical scheme of the computer program can be referred to the description of the technical scheme of the above-mentioned sensor distribution scheme generation method.

[0082] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0083] Computer instructions include computer program codes, which may be in source code form, object code form, executable files or some intermediate form, etc. Computer readable media may include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program codes, recording media, USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memories, read-only memories (ROM), random access memories (RAM), electric carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the contents of computer readable media may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0084] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of this specification are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of this specification, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of this specification.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0086] The preferred embodiments of this specification disclosed above are only used to help explain this specification. The optional embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the embodiments of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments of this specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use this specification well. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A sensor distribution scheme generation method, characterized in that: include: Determine fixed points in the target area; The fixed point is a fixed point in the target area for fixing the sensor; Randomly generate a plurality of distribution schemes based on the fixed points, the distribution schemes including distribution positions of the sensors at the fixed points of the target area; Determining monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each of the distribution schemes, and determining a target solution for each distribution scheme based on the monitoring indicators and the deployment costs; A target distribution scheme is determined based on preset conditions and the target solution.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the plurality of distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determining the coverage and failure probability of the sensors at the fixed points, and determining the detection index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage and the failure probability; The installation cost of the sensor at the fixed point is determined, and the deployment cost of the distribution scheme is determined according to the installation cost of all sensors in the distribution scheme.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining the coverage of the sensors on the fixed points comprises: Determine a coverage decay rate of the sensor, wherein the coverage decay rate represents a rate at which coverage of the sensor decays with distance; Determining the spatial distance between the fixed point and other fixed points in the target area; The coverage of the sensor at the fixed point is determined according to the spatial distance and the coverage attenuation rate.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring index includes a coverage reliability index, and the determining of the monitoring index and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the plurality of distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determining the coverage reliability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determining a coverage reliability index of the distribution scheme according to the coverage reliability of all sensors in the distribution scheme; The determining of target solutions for each distribution scheme according to the monitoring index and the deployment cost includes: The target solution of each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index and the deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring index includes an average expected coverage, and the determining of the monitoring index and deployment cost of each distribution scheme includes: For any distribution scheme among the plurality of distribution schemes, determining a fixed point corresponding to a sensor in the distribution scheme; Determining expected coverage of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points according to the coverage and failure probability of the sensors corresponding to the fixed points; Determining an average expected coverage of the distribution scheme based on the expected coverage of all sensors in the distribution scheme; The determining of target solutions for each distribution scheme according to the monitoring index and the deployment cost includes: The target solution of each distribution scheme is determined according to the average expected coverage and the deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The determining of target solutions for each distribution scheme according to the monitoring index and the deployment cost includes: The target solution of each distribution scheme is determined according to the coverage reliability index, the average expected coverage and the deployment cost corresponding to each distribution scheme.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The randomly generating a plurality of distribution schemes based on the fixed point comprises: For any distribution scheme among the multiple distribution schemes, taking the fixed points in the distribution scheme as selected points, and determining the unselected points in the target area based on the selected points, wherein the unselected points represent the fixed points in the target area that are not included in the distribution scheme; Selecting a predetermined number of fixed points from the unselected points based on a predetermined random algorithm, and replacing the selected points in the distribution scheme to generate a plurality of modified distribution schemes; The target solutions corresponding to the multiple correction schemes are determined, and the distribution scheme is replaced with a correction distribution scheme whose target solution satisfies a second predetermined condition.

8. A sensor distribution scheme generating device, characterized in that: include: A target area determination module, used to determine a fixed point of a target area; The fixed point is a fixed point in the target area for fixing the sensor; a sensor distribution determination module, configured to randomly generate a plurality of distribution schemes based on the fixed points, wherein the distribution schemes include distribution positions of the sensors at the fixed points of the target area; A distribution scheme evaluation module, used to determine the monitoring indicators and deployment costs of each of the distribution schemes, and determine the target solution of each distribution scheme according to the monitoring indicators and the deployment costs; A distribution scheme determination module is used to determine a target distribution scheme based on preset conditions and the target solution.

9. A computing device, characterized in that include: Memory and processor; The memory is used to store computer executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the sensor distribution scheme generation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the sensor distribution scheme generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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