Method for constructing and evaluating index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environment

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic reconnaissance equipment index system construction and evaluation method in an urban environment, and relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing the internal structure and the implementation function of the electronic reconnaissance equipment according to the urban electronic combat background, and constructing an evaluation index system of the electronic reconnaissance equipment by using an analytic hierarchy process, the first layer of the evaluation index system comprises five main influence indexes including a signal interception capability, a signal measurement capability, a target positioning capability, a target identification capability and an urban combat capability, the second layer is divided into 22 influence indexes, and the weight of each index is calculated; and evaluating the applicability of the evaluation index system by using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and analyzing an evaluation result to obtain the evaluation result. According to the method, the performance strength of different types of electronic reconnaissance equipment in the urban electronic combat environment can be tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance, and in particular to a method for constructing and evaluating an electronic reconnaissance equipment index system in an urban environment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of human society, various social resources continue to gather in cities, and the status and role of urban electronic warfare in the national combat system are more prominent. How to evaluate the combat effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban electronic warfare environment is the problem we face. At present, the following research has been carried out in China on the construction and evaluation of the index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment. Existing technology 1: [Chen Qiuqiong, Dai Yao, Xu Huazhi. Effectiveness evaluation of shipborne radar reconnaissance system fused with Pythagorean fuzzy set and superior and inferior solution distance method [J]. Journal of Detection and Control] Establish a system index system through the elements, processes and construction principles of reconnaissance equipment effectiveness evaluation. Existing technology 2: [Rong Hua, Chen Qiu, Yang Xi. Electronic reconnaissance combat effectiveness evaluation model based on multiple reconnaissance resources [J]. Firepower and Command and Control] Establish its index system through the interception capability, signal analysis and recognition capability and equipment particularity of multiple reconnaissance equipment; Existing technology 3: [Wang Zhenxing, Zhang Defeng, Liu Min, etc. Research on combat capability evaluation method of radar reconnaissance equipment based on FAHP [J]. Ship Electronic Engineering] Construct its index system through the three stages of radar reconnaissance equipment work. However, the above existing technologies are unable to test the performance of different types of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban electronic warfare environments. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide an electronic reconnaissance equipment index system construction and evaluation method in an urban environment that can test the performance of different types of electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban electronic combat environment.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for constructing and evaluating an index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment, comprising the following steps:

[0005] According to the background of urban electronic warfare, the internal structure and implementation functions of electronic reconnaissance equipment are analyzed, and the evaluation index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment is constructed by using the hierarchical analysis method. The first layer of the evaluation index system includes five main influencing indicators: signal interception capability, signal measurement capability, target positioning capability, target identification capability and urban combat capability. The second layer is divided into 22 influencing indicators, and the weight of each indicator is calculated.

[0006] The applicability of the evaluation index system is evaluated using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the evaluation results are analyzed to obtain evaluation results.

[0007] The beneficial effect of adopting the above technical scheme is that the method described in this application combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis by adopting hierarchical analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the rationality and scientificity of the establishment of the index system; the results show that the index system established by combining the characteristics of the urban electronic combat environment, the internal structure of the electronic reconnaissance equipment and the implemented functions can accurately and comprehensively summarize the performance of the electronic reconnaissance equipment in the urban combat environment, fill the gap in the index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment in the urban electronic combat environment, and facilitate decision makers to directly evaluate the combat effectiveness of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0009] Figure 1 is a main flow chart of the method described in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 : is a structural block diagram of the electronic reconnaissance equipment in an embodiment of the present invention

[0011] Figure 3 is a functional diagram of an electronic reconnaissance device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 It is a principle block diagram of the evaluation index system of the electronic reconnaissance equipment described in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for constructing and evaluating an electronic reconnaissance equipment index system in an urban environment, comprising the following steps:

[0016] According to the background of urban electronic warfare, the internal structure and implementation functions of electronic reconnaissance equipment are analyzed, and the evaluation index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment is constructed by using the hierarchical analysis method. The first layer of the evaluation index system includes five main influencing indicators: signal interception capability, signal measurement capability, target positioning capability, target identification capability and urban combat capability. The second layer is divided into 22 influencing indicators, and the weight of each indicator is calculated.

[0017] The applicability of the evaluation index system is evaluated using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the evaluation results are analyzed to obtain evaluation results.

[0018] The following is a detailed description of the above steps combined with specific content

[0019] Basis for establishing indicator system

[0020] 1) Characteristics of urban electronic warfare

[0021] Since the urban electronic warfare environment is composed of four parts: nature, society, military and information, which are interconnected and interact with each other to form a complete and complex combat environment system, the urban electronic warfare scene has two major characteristics: complex terrain environment and complex electromagnetic environment. 1. Complex terrain environment. The combat space of urban electronic warfare includes three layers: air, ground and underground. It is difficult for a single soldier to perceive its combat situation at the same time. 2) Complex electromagnetic environment. In addition to the characteristics of dense signals, overlapping signals and changeable signals of electronic warfare itself, there are also civilian electronic devices such as mobile phones, Bluetooth, and mobile communication base stations in the city, which will also affect the battlefield electromagnetic environment. In addition, electromagnetic radiation in nature will also have a certain impact on it. Therefore, it is difficult to carry out equipment reconnaissance tasks in urban warfare.

[0022] 2) Overview of electronic reconnaissance equipment

[0023] Electronic reconnaissance equipment refers to the use of electronic technology to intercept, measure, sort, locate and identify the electromagnetic signals of the enemy's electronic information system and electronic equipment to obtain various tactical and technical measures and actions such as the technical parameters, location, type and category of related weapons and platforms of the radiation source. It is a solid foundation and an important prerequisite for the implementation of electronic attack and electronic protection. At the same time, it provides combat personnel with the intelligence support needed for battlefield situation analysis. Efficiently exerting the combat effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance equipment can achieve comprehensive control of the urban electronic combat environment. The structural block diagram and implementation functions of electronic reconnaissance equipment are as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown.

[0024] Determine the indicator system

[0025] Firstly, according to the characteristics of urban electronic warfare and the internal structure and realized functions of electronic reconnaissance equipment, five first-level indicators are constructed, namely, signal interception capability index, signal measurement capability index, target positioning capability index, target identification capability index and urban combat capability. Secondly, on the basis of analyzing the capability indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment, its capability indicators are decomposed to find out the performance indicators that support the realization of its functions. Then, the importance of the performance indicators is analyzed to screen out the key indicators that contribute most to the realization of the capability, so as to construct an indicator system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments.

[0026] 1) Signal interception capability indicators

[0027] In signal processing and analysis, electronic reconnaissance equipment achieves comprehensive interception of radiation source signals through four dimensions: airspace, frequency domain, energy domain, and time domain. This process ensures the complete capture of radiation source signals and lays the foundation for subsequent signal sorting, precise positioning, and accurate identification. Specifically, in the airspace, signals from different directions are intercepted through the azimuth detection range and elevation detection range; in the energy domain, the interception range of the radiation source signal power of the electronic reconnaissance equipment is expressed through the system sensitivity and dynamic range; in the frequency domain, the frequency range that the electronic reconnaissance equipment can intercept is reflected through the frequency measurement range; in the time domain, the interception time is used to express the interception of the radiation source signal by the front end of the electronic reconnaissance equipment in the receiving state.

[0028] 2) Signal measurement capability indicators

[0029] The focus of signal measurement capability is to measure pulse arrival time, pulse arrival angle, pulse carrier frequency, pulse width and pulse amplitude (pulse descriptor). Among them, pulse arrival angle is the key parameter for locating radiation sources, which coincides with target positioning capability, so it will not be repeated; pulse carrier frequency, pulse width, pulse amplitude and pulse arrival time are four key factors for identifying radiation sources, which coincide with target identification capability, but considering the dense intersection of multiple military radiation source signals and multiple civilian equipment signals in urban electronic combat environments, the frequency resolution and frequency measurement accuracy of electronic reconnaissance equipment are measured to obtain signal measurement capability indicators.

[0030] 3) Target positioning capability indicators

[0031] Electronic reconnaissance equipment mainly uses passive positioning to locate radiation source signals. The radiation source is located by analyzing the pulse arrival angle of the radiation source signal. Therefore, the azimuth resolution, elevation resolution, azimuth accuracy and elevation accuracy of the radiation source signal are key factors for accurate positioning of the radiation source. At the same time, because the radiation source signals are too dense in the urban electronic combat environment, the number of radiation source positioning, radiation source positioning resolution and radiation source positioning accuracy are important indicators of target positioning capability. Among them, the radiation source positioning capability is mainly reflected in azimuth and elevation. Therefore, the target positioning capability index is obtained by measuring the radiation source azimuth resolution, radiation source elevation resolution, radiation source azimuth accuracy, radiation source elevation accuracy and the number of radiation source positioning.

[0032] 4) Target recognition capability indicators

[0033] In the complex and ever-changing urban electronic warfare environment, combatants need to have an accurate judgment of the battlefield situation in order to win the war. Therefore, the identification of the type of radiation source and the accuracy of type identification are key indicators of target identification capability. At the same time, considering that the density of signals in urban electronic warfare may cause multiple radiation source signals to be intercepted at the same time, the number of radiation sources that can be identified simultaneously by electronic reconnaissance equipment is also one of the key indicators of target identification capability. Therefore, the target identification capability index is obtained by measuring the number of multiple radiation sources identified simultaneously, the accuracy of multiple radiation source identification, and the accuracy of radiation source identification.

[0034] 5) Urban combat capability indicators

[0035] Combined with the complex characteristics of the electromagnetic environment of urban electronic warfare, it can be concluded that the adaptability to dense urban environments is one of the important indicators. The complex urban terrain environment will cause the radiation source signal to produce different degrees of direct, reflected, refracted and diffracted signals. The multipath effect has a certain impact on the positioning and identification of the radiation source in the urban battlefield environment. Therefore, the resistance to urban multipath effect is a key factor in determining the combat effectiveness of the equipment. At the same time, the continuous working time, mean time between failures, portability and display function of the equipment are important indicators that affect its combat effectiveness. Therefore, the urban combat capability index is obtained through the adaptability to dense urban electromagnetic environments, the resistance to urban multipath effects, the mean time between failures, the target indicator capability, the continuous working time and the portability.

[0036] Thus, we can get the index system for evaluating the combat effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environment. It mainly consists of 5 first-level indicators and 22 second-level indicators, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0037] Establishment of electronic reconnaissance equipment system model

[0038] 1) Calculation of indicator weights based on AHP

[0039] AHP is used to determine the weight of the indicators, and the indicator weights are calculated at two levels, namely, single hierarchical ranking and total hierarchical ranking. Single hierarchical ranking refers to the importance of an indicator relative to the indicator on the previous level, and mainly measures the difference in importance between different sub-indicators under a certain indicator; total hierarchical ranking refers to the importance of the lowest-level indicator relative to the overall goal, and is used to measure the relative importance of all bottom-level indicators.

[0040] Firstly, the judgment matrix of index system B was obtained by using the 9-level scaling method and weighting by industry experts.

[0041]

[0042] Secondly, the solution of the indicator weight can be transformed into the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix max And the calculation of the corresponding eigenvector W:

[0043] BW=λ max W

[0044] Since the indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment are interrelated, in order to avoid conflicts between them, it is necessary to check the consistency. The check algorithm is:

[0045] CI=(λ max -n) / (n-1).

[0046] When the dimension of the matrix is ​​too large, its consistency index needs to be corrected by introducing the RI correction factor. The values ​​of RI are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 RI value table

[0048]

[0049] 2) System adaptability evaluation model based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method

[0050] There is no absolute standard for whether the establishment of an evaluation index system is reasonable and scientific. Military experts need to make a comprehensive assessment based on the training experience and combat situation of electronic reconnaissance equipment on the battlefield. The importance of the same capability indicator in different combat scenarios is also different, so specific capability indicators cannot be simply distinguished as good or bad. It is fuzzy and uncertain. For example, the various capability indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments cannot be determined by absolute values ​​to determine whether they are good or bad, but can only be described by the probability of belonging to a certain evaluation; therefore, this application uses a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the rationality and scientificity of the index system.

[0051] Determine the evaluation factor set. The factors that affect the combat effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments are mainly the 22 capability indicators mentioned above, so the factor set is constructed as follows:

[0052] U={u1,u2,…,u 22}

[0053] Determine the evaluation set. The elements in the evaluation set should not be too many or too simple. Too many elements will cause confusion for experts during the evaluation process, while too few elements will make it impossible to effectively distinguish the evaluation objects.

[0054] Therefore, this application adopts a 5-level evaluation system and constructs the evaluation set as follows:

[0055] V={excellent, good, fair, poor, very poor}

[0056] According to the evaluation of each indicator by the actual users and experts of the system, the fuzzy evaluation matrix R of each indicator system is obtained as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Finally, the evaluation result vector E is calculated:

[0059] E=W·R.

[0060] Indicator adaptability assessment

[0061] The electronic reconnaissance equipment index system in urban environment established in this application verifies whether it can meet the complex and changeable urban electronic combat environment by adopting hierarchical analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and at the same time examines whether the establishment of the index system meets the principles of scientificity, integrity, feasibility, dynamism, comparability and simplicity.

[0062] 1) Hierarchical single sorting

[0063] For the five primary indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments, based on the consultation with 10 experts, we can write out its judgment matrix, denoted as B0:

[0064]

[0065] The judgment matrix B0 is calculated as follows:

[0066] λ max =5.2664,

[0067] CI=0.0666, RI=1.12, CR=0.0595.

[0068] Similarly, for the secondary indicators under the five primary indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments, the corresponding judgment matrix and weight values ​​can be written based on expert consultation.

[0069] 2) Total ranking of levels

[0070] The weight of each underlying indicator relative to the overall goal W 总ij for:

[0071] W 总ij =W i *W ij , i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5; j=1, 2...22

[0072] Where W i is the single ranking weight of the i-th indicator in the first-level indicator; W 总ij is the single ranking weight of the jth secondary indicator under the ith first-level indicator. The weight data is shown in Table 2.

[0073] 3) Construction of fuzzy evaluation matrix

[0074] Invite 10 experts to evaluate the secondary indicators of the index system of this article according to the divided evaluation levels, and then make statistics, and finally form a fuzzy matrix R which integrates 22 factors and 5 evaluation levels.

[0075]

[0076] In summary, the weight of each evaluation factor is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method, and the secondary indicator evaluation set is obtained by the expert scoring method. The data are shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2 Weights and evaluation factor sets

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] 4) Operational effectiveness evaluation calculation

[0081] From E=W·R, we can obtain that the distribution of the combat effectiveness of this index system on the evaluation set V is shown in Table 3.

[0082] Table 3 Operational effectiveness evaluation results

[0083]

[0084] From the evaluation results, it can be seen that the applicability evaluation results of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments are in the excellent and good category with a membership of 0.714. According to the maximum membership principle, the overall applicability of the index system can be evaluated as excellent, which can be used to test the performance of different types of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban electronic combat environments, and has a wide range of applications.

[0085] This application uses the hierarchical analysis method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to combine qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to evaluate the rationality and scientificity of the establishment of the index system; the results show that the index system established by combining the characteristics of the urban electronic combat environment, the internal structure of the electronic reconnaissance equipment and the functions implemented can accurately and comprehensively summarize the performance of the electronic reconnaissance equipment in the urban combat environment, which is convenient for decision makers to directly evaluate the combat effectiveness of the equipment.

Claims

1. A method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment, characterized in that The steps include: According to the background of urban electronic warfare, the internal structure and implementation functions of electronic reconnaissance equipment are analyzed, and the evaluation index system of electronic reconnaissance equipment is constructed by using the hierarchical analysis method. The first layer of the evaluation index system includes five main influencing indicators: signal interception capability, signal measurement capability, target positioning capability, target identification capability and urban combat capability. The second layer is divided into 22 influencing indicators, and the weight of each indicator is calculated. The applicability of the evaluation index system is evaluated using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the evaluation results are analyzed to obtain evaluation results.

2. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal interception capability index is obtained by the following method: In the airspace, the azimuth detection range and elevation detection range are used to intercept signals from different directions. In the energy domain, the system sensitivity and dynamic range are used to express the interception range of the radiation source signal power by the electronic reconnaissance equipment. In the frequency domain, the frequency measurement range is used to reflect the frequency range that the electronic reconnaissance equipment can intercept. In the time domain, the interception time is used to express the interception of the radiation source signal by the front end of the electronic reconnaissance equipment when it is in the receiving state.

3. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The signal measurement capability index is obtained by the following method: the frequency resolution and frequency measurement accuracy of the electronic reconnaissance equipment are measured to obtain the signal measurement capability index.

4. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The target positioning capability index is obtained by the following method: the target positioning capability index is obtained by measuring the radiation source azimuth resolution, radiation source elevation resolution, radiation source azimuth accuracy, radiation source elevation accuracy and radiation source positioning quantity.

5. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The target recognition capability index is obtained by the following method: the target recognition capability index is obtained by measuring the number of simultaneous recognition of multiple radiation sources, the recognition accuracy of multiple radiation sources, and the recognition accuracy of radiation sources.

6. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The urban combat capability index is obtained through the following method: Urban combat capability indicators are obtained through adaptability to dense urban electromagnetic environment, resistance to urban multipath effects, mean time between failures, target indicator capability, continuous working time and portability.

7. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The construction method of the evaluation index system includes the following steps: 1) Calculation of indicator weights based on AHP AHP is used to determine the weight of indicators, and two levels are distinguished to calculate the weight of indicators, namely single hierarchical ranking and total hierarchical ranking. Single hierarchical ranking refers to the importance of an indicator relative to the indicator of the upper layer, which is used to measure the importance difference between different sub-indicators under a certain indicator. Total hierarchical ranking refers to the importance of the lowest level indicator relative to the overall goal, which is used to measure the relative importance of all the bottom-level indicators. First, the judgment matrix of index system B is obtained by using the 9-level scaling method and weighting by industry experts: Secondly, the indicator weight is converted into the maximum eigenvalue λ of the judgment matrix max And the calculation of the corresponding eigenvector W: BW=λ max W The consistency of various indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment is tested. The test algorithm is: CI=(λ max -n) / (n-1)。 When the dimension of the matrix is ​​too large, its consistency index needs to be corrected and the RI correction factor is introduced; 2) System adaptability evaluation model based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method Determine the evaluation factor set: The factors that affect the combat effectiveness of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments mainly include the 22 influencing indicators, so the constructed factor set is: U={u1,u2,…,u 22 } Determine the evaluation set: Adopt a 5-level evaluation system and construct the evaluation set as follows: V={excellent, good, fair, poor, very poor} According to the evaluation of each indicator by the actual users and experts of the system, the fuzzy evaluation matrix R of each indicator system is obtained as follows: Finally, the evaluation result vector E is calculated: E=W·R.

8. The method for constructing and evaluating an index system for electronic reconnaissance equipment in an urban environment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The indicator adaptability assessment includes the following steps: 1) Hierarchical single sorting: For the five primary indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments, based on the consultation with 10 experts, write out its judgment matrix, denoted as B0: The judgment matrix B0 is calculated as follows: CI = 0.0666, RI = 1.12, CR = 0.0595; Similarly, for the secondary indicators under the five primary indicators of electronic reconnaissance equipment in urban environments, write the corresponding judgment matrix and weight values ​​based on expert consultation; 2) Total ranking of levels: The weight of each underlying indicator relative to the overall goal W 总ij for: W 总ij =W i *W ij ,i=1,2,3,4,5;j=1,2...22; Where W i is the single ranking weight of the i-th indicator in the first-level indicator; W 总ij is the single ranking weight of the jth secondary indicator under the i-th primary indicator; 3) Construction of fuzzy evaluation matrix: Invite 10 experts to evaluate the secondary indicators of the index system according to the divided evaluation levels, and then conduct statistics, and finally form a fuzzy matrix R that integrates 22 factors and 5 evaluation levels; In summary, the weight of each evaluation factor is obtained by using the hierarchical analysis method, and the secondary indicator evaluation set is obtained by the expert scoring method; 4) From E=W·R, we can obtain the distribution of the combat effectiveness of the indicator system on the evaluation set V. Based on the distribution on the evaluation set V, the overall applicability of the indicator system is evaluated.

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