Data center based on fresh water cooling and all-hydrogen standby power supply system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a data center based on fresh water cooling and an all-hydrogen standby power supply system and system thereof, and relates to the technical field of electric power. Comprising a main power supply system, a data center IT equipment system, a data center water cooling system, other power utilization systems of the data center, a cooling water system, an all-hydrogen standby power supply, a waste heat water recovery system, a first electric connection channel, a second electric connection channel, a third electric connection channel, a first water delivery channel, a second water delivery channel and a third water delivery channel. According to the data center based on fresh water cooling and the all-hydrogen standby power supply system thereof, waste heat water generated by the data center water cooling system is recycled, a water source is provided for the all-hydrogen standby power supply, energy is recycled, and the hydrogen manufacturing efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the full-hydrogen standby power supply is used for replacing a traditional diesel generating set to provide a standby power supply for the data center, a byproduct in the power generation process only contains water, low-carbon and environment-friendly operation can be achieved, and the power generation efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric power technology, and in particular to a data center based on fresh water cooling and a full hydrogen backup power supply system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, as an important infrastructure for the rapid development of national and social digitalization and informatization, big data centers have gradually attracted attention and attention from many parties due to their high energy consumption and high carbon emissions. At the same time, they have also posed huge challenges to the elasticity and reliability of power supply. At present, the power supply of big data centers mainly comes from the power grid and diesel generators, among which the power grid is the main energy supply system of big data centers, and diesel generators are their backup power supply system. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem solved by the present invention is that the existing power supply mode has low power generation efficiency, slow power response, easy downtime, high carbon emissions, and waste heat that cannot be recycled during the power supply process, resulting in energy waste and threatening the maintenance of the environment and ecology. It cannot meet the requirements of the optimized distribution and utilization of electric and thermal combined energy in large data centers.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a data center based on fresh water cooling and a full hydrogen backup power supply system thereof, comprising:

[0006] Main power supply system, data center IT equipment system, data center water cooling system, other power systems of the data center, cooling water system, full hydrogen backup power supply, waste hot water recovery system, first electrical connection channel, second electrical connection channel, third electrical connection channel, first water transfer channel, second water transfer channel and third water transfer channel;

[0007] The main power supply system is electrically connected to the IT equipment system of the data center and other power systems of the data center through the first electrical connection channel and the second electrical connection channel respectively;

[0008] The data center IT equipment system and the data center water cooling system are installed in a surface contact form;

[0009] The data center water cooling system is connected to the waste hot water recovery system through the second water delivery channel;

[0010] The cooling water system is connected to the data center water cooling system through a first water delivery channel;

[0011] The full hydrogen backup power supply is electrically connected to the IT equipment system of the data center through a third electrical connection channel;

[0012] The waste hot water recovery system is connected to the full hydrogen backup power supply through the third water transmission channel.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the all-hydrogen backup power supply includes an electrolyzer, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxygen storage tank, a hydrogen fuel cell system, a fourth electrical connection channel, a first hydrogen transmission channel, a second hydrogen transmission channel and an oxygen transmission channel.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is electrically connected to the electrolyzer through the fourth electrical connection channel, the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transmission channel, the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transmission channel, and the hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system through the second hydrogen transmission channel.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the waste hot water recovery system is connected to the electrolyzer in the all-hydrogen backup power supply through the third water transmission channel, and the hydrogen fuel cell system in the all-hydrogen backup power supply is connected to the data center IT equipment system through the third electrical connection channel.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the cooling water system includes city water, natural lake water, and seawater purified water.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes DC power grid power supply, wind power supply, and solar power supply.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, the all-hydrogen backup power supply replaces the diesel generator set as the backup power supply.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system according to the present invention, wherein: in the normal power supply mode, the main power supply system is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system and other power systems of the data center through the first electrical connection channel and the second electrical connection channel;

[0020] The cooling water system delivers cold water to the data center water cooling system through the first water delivery channel, and the water cooling system contacts the surface of the data center IT equipment system to form heat exchange;

[0021] The data center water cooling system transports the heated water to the waste hot water recovery system through the second water delivery channel;

[0022] The waste hot water recovery system delivers the recovered hot water to the electrolytic cell through the third water delivery channel;

[0023] The electrolyzer receives electricity provided by the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to perform electrolysis, decomposing water to generate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0024] Hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transport channel, and oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transport channel;

[0025] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system through the second hydrogen transport channel for electrochemical reaction to generate electrical energy;

[0026] Electric energy is supplied to the IT equipment system of the data center through the third electrical connection channel.

[0027] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system according to the present invention, when the main power supply system fails, the all-hydrogen backup power supply is electrically connected to the IT equipment system of the data center and other power systems of the data center through the third electrical connection channel;

[0028] The cooling water system draws cold water from underground water sources or lakes and delivers it to the data center water cooling system through the first water delivery channel;

[0029] The data center water cooling system increases the temperature of the cooling water after it comes into contact with the surface of the data center IT equipment system;

[0030] The heated cooling water is transported to the waste hot water recovery system through the second water delivery channel, where the hot water is stored;

[0031] The waste hot water is transported to the electrolytic cell through the third water transport channel;

[0032] The electrolyzer uses waste hot water and electricity provided by the water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply to perform water electrolysis reaction to generate hydrogen and oxygen;

[0033] Hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transport channel, and oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transport channel;

[0034] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system through the second hydrogen transport channel for generating electricity;

[0035] The electrical energy is returned to the data center IT equipment system through the third electrical connection channel.

[0036] As a preferred solution of the data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system described in the present invention, wherein: the electrolyzer in the all-hydrogen backup power supply is electrically connected to the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen through the electrolysis reaction;

[0037] The electrolyzer receives a water source and uses the direct current provided by the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to decompose the water into hydrogen and oxygen;

[0038] The generated hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transport channel, and the oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transport channel;

[0039] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system through the second hydrogen transmission channel, and the hydrogen reacts electrochemically with oxygen to generate electrical energy;

[0040] The electric energy is supplied to the IT equipment system of the data center through the third electrical connection channel for power supply;

[0041] The waste hot water recovery system provides water for the electrolyzer.

[0042] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system provided by the present invention will use the data center cooling water system to perform water cooling for the data center IT equipment system. After the data center IT equipment system is cooled, the water temperature of the data center cooling water system will increase. The waste hot water recovery system recovers the heat in the data center cooling water system and transports the recovered waste hot water to the all-hydrogen backup power supply. Compared with the direct discharge of traditional data center cooling water, it realizes the recycling of heat energy and reduces carbon emissions, achieving the purpose of green energy saving, while avoiding the injection of recovered heat into ecological water to cause its temperature to be too high and damage the ecological environment.

[0043] The present invention proposes to recycle the waste hot water and transport the waste hot water to the electrolytic cell for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water with a full hydrogen backup power supply. The hydrogen production efficiency of the hydrogen production system by electrolysis of water shows a certain regularity with the water temperature of the electrolytic cell. The water temperature is close to 70°C when the hydrogen production efficiency by electrolysis of water is the highest. If groundwater is directly pumped into the electrolytic cell for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the hydrogen production efficiency will be extremely low. Therefore, directly using the waste heat discharged from the small data center in the electrolytic cell for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water can not only save water resources and protect the environment, but also efficiently utilize thermal energy, reuse the discharged waste heat, promote the improvement of the efficiency of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, and achieve the optimal utilization and distribution of energy.

[0044] When traditional diesel generators are used as backup power sources, the utilization rate of diesel generators is not high, and it takes a certain amount of time to start the diesel generator, and the power response is slow. When the diesel generator is working, it consumes fossil energy to generate electricity, and at the same time it will form carbon emissions and cause carbon pollution. In addition, the waste heat in the cooling water system of the data center is directly discharged into the ground or lakes, causing waste heat waste and damaging or even threatening the surrounding ecological environment.

[0045] When the all-hydrogen backup power system is used as the backup power supply for the data center, the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is stored in a hydrogen storage tank. When the main power system cannot supply power normally, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is used as fuel to undergo a chemical reaction in the hydrogen fuel cell system to quickly generate electricity to power the data center. The products of the above reaction process are only water and heat, which is environmentally friendly. At the same time, the present invention recycles the waste hot water generated by the data center and transports the waste hot water to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through a water pipeline, avoiding the previous method of pouring the waste hot water directly into the ground or lakes. The recycling of waste heat is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 An overall structural diagram of a data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 An internal structural diagram of a full hydrogen backup power supply of a data center based on fresh water cooling and a full hydrogen backup power supply system thereof provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In the figure: 1-main power supply system, 2-data center IT equipment system, 3-data center water cooling system, 4-other power systems of the data center, 5-cooling water system, 6-full hydrogen backup power supply, 7-waste hot water recovery system, 8-first electrical connection channel, 9-second electrical connection channel, 10-third electrical connection channel, 11-first water transmission channel, 12-second water transmission channel, 13-third water transmission channel, 14-electrolyzer, 15-power supply of electrolytic water hydrogen production system, 16-hydrogen storage tank, 17-oxygen storage tank, 18-hydrogen fuel cell system, 19-fourth electrical connection channel, 20-first hydrogen transmission channel, 21-second hydrogen transmission channel, 22-oxygen transmission channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a data center based on fresh water cooling and a full hydrogen backup power supply system thereof, comprising:

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, a data center based on fresh water cooling and a backup voltage power supply system thereof include:

[0055] Main power supply system 1, data center IT equipment system 2, data center water cooling system 3, data center other power systems 4, cooling water system 5, full hydrogen backup power supply 6, waste hot water recovery system 7, first electrical connection channel 8, second electrical connection channel 9, third electrical connection channel 10, first water supply channel 11, second water supply channel 12 and third water supply channel 13.

[0056] The main power supply system is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system 2 and other power systems 4 of the data center through the first electrical connection channel 8 and the second electrical connection channel 9 respectively, the full hydrogen backup power supply 6 is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system 2 through the third electrical connection channel 10, the data center IT equipment system 2 and the data center water cooling system 3 are installed in the form of surface contact, the cooling water system 5 is connected to the data center water cooling system 3 through the first water supply channel 11, the data center water cooling system 3 is connected to the waste hot water recovery system 7 through the second water supply channel 12, and the waste hot water recovery system 7 is connected to the full hydrogen backup power supply 6 through the third water supply channel 13.

[0057] The all-hydrogen backup power supply 6 includes an electrolyzer 14, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply 15, a hydrogen storage tank 16, an oxygen storage tank 17, a hydrogen fuel cell system 18, a fourth electrical connection channel 19, a first hydrogen transmission channel 20, a second hydrogen transmission channel 21 and an oxygen transmission channel 22.

[0058] The power supply 15 of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is electrically connected to the electrolyzer 14 through the fourth electrical connection channel 19. The electrolyzer 14 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 16 through the first hydrogen transmission channel 20. The electrolyzer 14 is connected to the oxygen storage tank 17 through the oxygen transmission channel 22. The hydrogen storage tank 16 is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system 18 through the second hydrogen transmission channel 21.

[0059] The waste hot water recovery system 7 is connected to the electrolyzer 14 in the all-hydrogen backup power supply 6 through the third water transfer channel 13, and the hydrogen fuel cell system 18 in the all-hydrogen backup power supply 6 is connected to the data center IT equipment system 2 through the third electrical connection channel 10.

[0060] The cooling water system 5 includes but is not limited to city water, natural lake water, purified seawater, etc.

[0061] The power supply 15 of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes but is not limited to power supply systems such as DC power grid, wind power, and solar power.

[0062] Main power supply system, data center IT equipment system, data center water cooling system, other power systems in the data center, cooling water system, full hydrogen backup power supply, waste hot water recovery system, first electrical connection channel, second electrical connection channel, third electrical connection channel, first water transfer channel, second water transfer channel and third water transfer channel.

[0063] The main power supply system is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system and other power systems in the data center through the first electrical connection channel and the second electrical connection channel respectively, the full hydrogen backup power supply is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system through the third electrical connection channel, the data center IT equipment system and the data center water cooling system are installed in the form of surface contact, the cooling water system is connected to the data center water cooling system through the first water supply channel, the data center water cooling system is connected to the waste hot water recovery system through the second water supply channel, and the waste hot water recovery system is connected to the full hydrogen backup power supply through the third water supply channel.

[0064] Specifically, the all-hydrogen backup power supply includes an electrolyzer, a water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply, a hydrogen storage tank, an oxygen storage tank, a hydrogen fuel cell system, a fourth electrical connection channel, a first hydrogen transmission channel, a second hydrogen transmission channel and an oxygen transmission channel.

[0065] The power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is electrically connected to the electrolyzer through the fourth electrical connection channel, the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transmission channel, and the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transmission channel. The hydrogen storage tank is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system through the second hydrogen transmission channel.

[0066] Specifically, the waste hot water recovery system is connected to the electrolyzer in the full hydrogen backup power supply through the third water transmission channel, and the hydrogen fuel cell system in the full hydrogen backup power supply is connected to the data center IT equipment system through the third electrical connection channel.

[0067] Specifically, the cooling water system includes but is not limited to city water, natural lake water, purified seawater, etc.

[0068] Specifically, the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes but is not limited to DC power grid power supply, wind power, solar power supply and other power supply systems.

[0069] At present, conventional data centers in China rely on power from the power grid, so the main voltage system of the power grid is required to provide power for the data center. This patent uses an all-hydrogen backup power supply to replace the traditional diesel generator set as a backup power supply. In normal power supply mode, the main power supply system supplies power to the data center IT equipment system and other power systems in the data center. The cold water in the cooling water system is transmitted to the data center water cooling system through the first water supply channel. The data center water cooling system is in contact with the surface of the data center IT equipment system, so that the data center water cooling system dissipates heat for the data center IT equipment system and causes the water temperature in the data center water cooling system to rise. At this time, the waste hot water in the data center water cooling system is transmitted to the waste hot water recovery system through the second water supply channel. The hot water in the waste hot water recovery system is transmitted to the electrolyzer through the third water supply channel. Figure 2 As shown by the dotted line in . Figure 2 The dotted line in Figure 1 The full hydrogen backup power supply part in the system. The electrolyzer is powered by the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to provide electrical energy, and the water is electrolyzed to form hydrogen and hydrogen respectively. The generated hydrogen is transmitted to the hydrogen storage tank through the first hydrogen transmission channel, and the generated oxygen is transmitted to the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transmission channel. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is transported to the hydrogen ignition battery system through the second hydrogen transmission channel to generate electrical energy through chemical reaction. The generated electrical energy is transmitted to the IT equipment system of the data center through the third electrical connection channel.

[0070] When the main power supply system fails, the all-hydrogen backup power supply will supply power to the data center IT equipment system and other power systems in the data center in a short time to ensure the normal operation of the data center. The data center will process massive amounts of data, and there will be a lot of energy consumption and carbon emissions. A large amount of energy consumption will cause the temperature of the data center IT equipment system to rise, so the cooling water system is required to extract cold water from the ground or lake to cool the data center IT equipment system. The temperature of the cooling water will rise after passing through the data center water cooling system. The current method is to directly discharge the higher temperature water after passing through the data center water cooling system back to the ground or lake, which will cause the temperature of the surrounding ecological environment to rise by about 2°C. It will seriously affect the normal operation of the surrounding ecological environment and even pose a huge threat to surrounding organisms. This patent is different from the previous technical solutions. In this technical solution, the higher temperature water after passing through the data center water cooling system will be recovered and stored in the waste hot water recovery system. The waste hot water will be transported to the electrolyzer of the all-hydrogen backup power supply through the third water transfer channel. In the scheme of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, the temperature of electrolyzed water is close to 70°C, which is the highest energy efficiency temperature for hydrogen production. In previous technical schemes, water is usually supplied to the electrolyzer by methods such as extracting water from the basement. At this time, the water temperature is far lower than the highest energy efficiency temperature for hydrogen production, resulting in low hydrogen production efficiency. Therefore, this patent uses waste hot water recovered after water cooling in the data center to provide water for the electrolyzer for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water. The water temperature is close to the highest energy efficiency temperature for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, which can improve the efficiency of hydrogen production.

[0071] In the full hydrogen backup power supply, the power supply of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system provides direct current to the electrolyzer, and the waste water recovery system provides a water source with a certain temperature to the electrolyzer. The water in the electrolyzer is further heated by the electric energy and electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen under the action of catalysts, etc. The oxygen produced enters the oxygen storage tank through the oxygen transmission pipeline, and the hydrogen produced is transported to the hydrogen storage tank through the hydrogen transmission channel. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank will be transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system, which converts chemical energy into electrical energy and thermal energy. It is not limited by the efficiency of the Carnot cycle, has a high power generation rate, and the only product is water. The generated electricity provides backup power for the data center.

[0072] In the above process, the waste hot water generated by the water cooling system of the data center is recycled and used as a water source for the full hydrogen backup power supply, which recycles energy and improves the efficiency of hydrogen production. At the same time, the full hydrogen backup power supply is used to replace the traditional diesel generator set to provide backup power for the data center. The byproduct of the power generation process is water, which can be operated in a low-carbon and environmentally friendly manner with high power generation efficiency.

[0073] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system, characterized in that: include: A main power supply system (1), a data center IT equipment system (2), a data center water cooling system (3), other power systems of the data center (4), a cooling water system (5), a full hydrogen backup power supply (6), a waste hot water recovery system (7), a first electrical connection channel (8), a second electrical connection channel (9), a third electrical connection channel (10), a first water transfer channel (11), a second water transfer channel (12), and a third water transfer channel (13); The main power supply system (1) is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system (2) and other power systems (4) of the data center through a first electrical connection channel (8) and a second electrical connection channel (9) respectively; The data center IT equipment system (2) and the data center water cooling system (3) are installed in a surface contact manner; The data center water cooling system (3) is connected to the waste hot water recovery system (7) via a second water delivery channel (12); The cooling water system (5) is connected to the data center water cooling system (3) via a first water delivery channel (11); The all-hydrogen backup power supply (6) is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system (2) via a third electrical connection channel (10); The waste hot water recovery system (7) is connected to the full hydrogen backup power supply (6) via the third water transfer channel (13).

2. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The all-hydrogen backup power supply (6) comprises an electrolyzer (14), a water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply (15), a hydrogen storage tank (16), an oxygen storage tank (17), a hydrogen fuel cell system (18), a fourth electrical connection channel (19), a first hydrogen transmission channel (20), a second hydrogen transmission channel (21) and an oxygen transmission channel (22).

3. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The water electrolysis hydrogen production system power supply (15) is electrically connected to the electrolyzer (14) via a fourth electrical connection channel (19); the electrolyzer (14) is connected to the hydrogen storage tank (16) via a first hydrogen transmission channel (20); the electrolyzer (14) is connected to the oxygen storage tank (17) via an oxygen transmission channel (22); and the hydrogen storage tank (16) is connected to the hydrogen fuel cell system (18) via a second hydrogen transmission channel (21).

4. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The waste hot water recovery system (7) is connected to the electrolyzer (14) in the all-hydrogen backup power supply (6) via the third water transfer channel (13), and the hydrogen fuel cell system (18) in the all-hydrogen backup power supply (6) is connected to the data center IT equipment system (2) via the third electrical connection channel (10).

5. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling water system (5) includes city water, natural lake water, and purified seawater.

6. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The power supply (15) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system includes direct current grid power supply, wind power supply and solar power supply.

7. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The all-hydrogen backup power source (6) replaces the diesel generator set as the backup power source.

8. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In a normal power supply mode, the main power supply system (1) is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system (2) and other power consumption systems (4) of the data center through a first electrical connection channel (8) and a second electrical connection channel (9); The cooling water system (5) transports cold water to the data center water cooling system (3) through the first water delivery channel (11), and the water cooling system contacts the surface of the data center IT equipment system (2) to form heat exchange; The data center water cooling system (3) transports the heated water to the waste hot water recovery system (7) through the second water delivery channel (12); The waste hot water recovery system (7) transports the recovered hot water to the electrolytic cell (14) through the third water delivery channel (13); The electrolyzer (14) receives electricity provided by the power supply (15) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to perform electrolysis, decomposing water to generate hydrogen and oxygen; Hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank (16) through the first hydrogen transport channel (20), and oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank (17) through the oxygen transport channel (22); The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (16) is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system (18) through the second hydrogen transport channel (21) to undergo an electrochemical reaction to generate electrical energy; Electric energy is supplied to the data center IT equipment system (2) through the third electrical connection channel (10).

9. The data center based on fresh water cooling and its all-hydrogen backup power supply system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: When the main power supply system (1) fails, the full hydrogen backup power supply (6) is electrically connected to the data center IT equipment system (2) and other power systems (4) of the data center through the third electrical connection channel (10); The cooling water system (5) draws cold water from an underground water source or a lake and delivers it to the data center water cooling system (3) through a first water delivery channel (11); After the data center water cooling system (3) comes into contact with the surface of the data center IT equipment system (2), the temperature of the cooling water increases; The heated cooling water is transported to the waste hot water recovery system (7) through the second water delivery channel (12), where the hot water is stored; The waste hot water is transported to the electrolytic cell (14) through the third water transport channel (13); The electrolyzer (14) uses the waste hot water and the electricity provided by the electrolytic water hydrogen production system power supply (15) to perform water electrolysis reaction to generate hydrogen and oxygen; Hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank (16) through the first hydrogen transport channel (20), and oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank (17) through the oxygen transport channel (22); The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (16) is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system (18) through the second hydrogen transport channel (21) for generating electric energy; The electrical energy is returned to the data center IT equipment system (2) through the third electrical connection channel (10).

10. The data center based on fresh water cooling and the all-hydrogen backup power supply system thereof as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The electrolyzer (14) in the full hydrogen backup power supply (6) is electrically connected to the power supply (15) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, and water is decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen through an electrolysis reaction; The electrolyzer (14) receives water and uses the direct current provided by the power supply (15) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to decompose the water into hydrogen and oxygen; The generated hydrogen is transported to the hydrogen storage tank (16) through the first hydrogen transport channel (20), and the oxygen is transported to the oxygen storage tank (17) through the oxygen transport channel (22); The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank (16) is transported to the hydrogen fuel cell system (18) through the second hydrogen transport channel (21), and the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to generate electrical energy; The electric energy is supplied to the data center IT equipment system (2) for power supply via the third electrical connection channel (10); The waste hot water recovery system (7) provides water for the electrolytic cell (14).

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