A transient discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator and its preparation method. The nanogenerator comprises: a flexible substrate, a first piezoelectric film, a second piezoelectric film, a first flexible curved structure, and a second flexible curved structure. The first and second piezoelectric films have the same polarization direction. First electrodes are provided on both sides of the first and second piezoelectric films. The first electrodes of the first and second piezoelectric films on the sides away from the flexible substrate are connected. The first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on the sides close to the flexible substrate are connected. A second electrode is provided on the first flexible curved structure. A third electrode is provided on the second flexible curved structure. The second electrode and the third electrode are connected. The first and second flexible curved structures bend in response to the force applied to the deformable piezoelectric substrate, driving the second and third electrodes to alternately contact the first electrode opposite to the first electrode, thereby achieving instantaneous discharge. The present invention improves the peak output and charging rate of the PENG.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electronic technology, and in particular relates to an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] To meet the growing demand for sustainable micropower sources for wearable and implantable micromedical electronic devices, researchers have been actively developing energy harvesting technologies that can effectively convert biokinetic energy into electrical energy in recent years. Piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs), as one of these promising energy harvesting technologies, have attracted significant attention due to their ability to effectively convert tiny and irregular mechanical energy (such as vibration, walking, wind, heartbeat, and breathing) into usable electrical energy. Based on this technology, researchers have developed a series of wearable and implantable nanopower generation devices. These devices can utilize biomechanical energy such as walking, cardiac movement, breathing, and gastrointestinal motility to power themselves, demonstrating the feasibility of cardiac pacing and sinus arrhythmia correction, accelerated wound healing, and neural stimulation repair without the need for an external power source.

[0003] However, the practical application of wearable and implantable PENGs still faces the problem of low output performance, which prevents long-term effectiveness in vivo. Generally, the piezoelectric output of a PENG is directly related to the degree of deformation, strain rate, and intrinsic polarization. Due to the relatively slow and low-frequency motion common in biological systems, the output mode of a PENG typically presents low-voltage, wide-cell pulses with a peak voltage intensity of less than 1V, resulting in low charging and energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A transient discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator, comprising: a deformable piezoelectric substrate; the deformable piezoelectric substrate comprising: a flexible substrate, a first piezoelectric film located on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a second piezoelectric film located on a second surface of the flexible substrate;

[0007] The first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film have the same polarization direction; first electrodes are provided on both sides of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film; the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side away from the flexible substrate are connected; and the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side close to the flexible substrate are connected;

[0008] The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator further includes: a first flexible curved structure located on a first side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate and a second flexible curved structure located on a second side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate; a second electrode is provided on the first flexible curved structure; the second electrode is positioned opposite to the first electrode on a side of the first piezoelectric film away from the flexible substrate; a third electrode is provided on the second flexible curved structure; the third electrode is positioned opposite to the first electrode on a side of the second piezoelectric film away from the flexible substrate; the second electrode and the third electrode are connected;

[0009] The first flexible bending structure and the second flexible bending structure bend as the deformable piezoelectric substrate is subjected to force, driving the second electrode and the third electrode to alternately contact the first electrode at an opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge.

[0010] Optionally, when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, a gap is left between the second electrode and the first electrode located opposite to it, and the third electrode is in contact with the first electrode located opposite to it; when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is deformed to a certain extent due to force, the second electrode is in contact with the first electrode located opposite to it, and the third electrode is separated from the first electrode located opposite to it.

[0011] Optionally, the first flexible curved structure is a first flexible arch structure; and the second flexible curved structure is a second flexible arch structure.

[0012] Optionally, the first flexible curved structure is a first flexible π-shaped structure; and the second flexible curved structure is a second flexible π-shaped structure.

[0013] Optionally, the second electrode is located at the center of the first flexible curved structure, and the third electrode is located at the center of the second flexible curved structure.

[0014] Optionally, the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side close to the flexible substrate are connected through a wire; the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side away from the flexible substrate are connected through a wire; and the second electrode and the third electrode are electrically connected through a wire.

[0015] Optionally, the first flexible curved structure and the second flexible curved structure are both made of Kapton film.

[0016] Optionally, the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film are both polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films.

[0017] Optionally, the flexible substrate is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator, comprising:

[0019] Step 1: providing a flexible substrate, fixing a first electrode on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and leading out the first electrode with a wire;

[0020] Step 2: coating a piezoelectric material on the first surface of the flexible substrate to form a first piezoelectric film;

[0021] Step 3: Fix a second first electrode on the first piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire;

[0022] Step 4: Fix a third first electrode on the second surface of the flexible substrate and lead out the first electrode with a wire;

[0023] Step 5: coating a piezoelectric material on the second surface of the flexible substrate to form a second piezoelectric film;

[0024] Step 6: Fix a fourth first electrode on the second piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire;

[0025] Step 7: connecting the first first electrode and the third first electrode, and connecting the second first electrode and the fourth first electrode;

[0026] Step 8: Installing a first flexible curved structure on the first side of the first piezoelectric film so that the second electrode on the first flexible curved structure is opposite to the second first electrode and separated by a gap; installing a second flexible curved structure on the second side of the second piezoelectric film so that the third electrode on the second flexible curved structure is opposite to and in contact with the fourth first electrode;

[0027] Step nine: Connect the second electrode and the third electrode with a wire.

[0028] The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by the present invention provides a first flexible bending structure and a second flexible bending structure on both sides of a deformable piezoelectric substrate, so that the first flexible bending structure and the second flexible bending structure bend in response to the force applied to the deformable piezoelectric substrate, thereby driving the second electrode and the third electrode on the two flexible bending structures to alternately contact the first electrode in the opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge, thereby effectively accumulating the piezoelectric induced charge generated by the low-frequency or even ultra-low-frequency biological movement driving the PENG, and then converting the low-voltage wide-cell pulse into a high-voltage instantaneous pulse through instantaneous release, thereby greatly improving the peak output and charging rate of the PENG, solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a transient discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The working principle of the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the output electrical signals corresponding to its different working stages;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural comparison between the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention and the conventional PENG;

[0033] Figure 4 The discharge performance comparison between the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional PENG is shown in FIG.

[0034] Figure 5 The figure shows a test circuit used for electrical testing of the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is used Figure 5 The charging curve obtained by performing an electrical test on the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by the embodiment of the present invention using the test circuit shown;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Flexible substrate; 2. First piezoelectric film; 3. Second piezoelectric film; 4. First electrode; 5. First flexible curved structure; 6. Second flexible curved structure; 7. Second electrode; 8. Third electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0040] In order to effectively improve the peak output and charging rate of PENG, an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator (IPNG) is provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator includes: a deformable piezoelectric substrate, which includes: a flexible substrate 1, a first piezoelectric film 2 located on the first surface of the flexible substrate 1, and a second piezoelectric film 3 located on the second surface of the flexible substrate 1.

[0041] The flexible substrate 1 is used to provide the necessary strength to support cyclic deformation operations. The first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 have the same polarization direction; first electrodes 4 are provided on both sides of the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3; the first electrodes 4 of the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 on the side away from the flexible substrate 1 are connected (for example, connected by a wire), and these two first electrodes 4 constitute the surface electrode (SE) of the IPNG; the first electrodes 4 of the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 on the side close to the flexible substrate 1 are connected (for example, connected by a wire), and these two first electrodes 4 constitute the inner electrode (IE) of the IPNG.

[0042] Continue to see Figure 1 The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention further includes: a first flexible curved structure 5 located on a first side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate; and a second flexible curved structure 6 located on a second side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate; a second electrode 7 is provided on the first flexible curved structure 5; the second electrode 7 is positioned opposite the first electrode 4 on the side of the first piezoelectric film 2 away from the flexible substrate 1; a third electrode 8 is provided on the second flexible curved structure 6; the third electrode 8 is positioned opposite the first electrode 4 on the side of the second piezoelectric film 3 away from the flexible substrate 1; the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are both contact electrodes (CE) of the IPNG, and the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are connected (for example, by a wire). An external load is connected between the IE and CE to achieve instantaneous charge release.

[0043] The first flexible bending structure 5 and the second flexible bending structure 6 bend as the deformable piezoelectric substrate is subjected to force, driving the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 to alternately contact the first electrode 4 at an opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge.

[0044] Specifically, when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, a gap is left between the second electrode 7 and the first electrode 4 located opposite to it to prevent short circuit, and the third electrode 8 is in contact with the first electrode 4 located opposite to it; when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is deformed to a certain extent due to the force, the second electrode 7 is in contact with the first electrode 4 located opposite to it, and the third electrode 8 is separated from the first electrode 4 located opposite to it.

[0045] Alternatively, when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, a gap is left between the third electrode 8 and the first electrode 4 in opposite position to prevent short circuit, and the second electrode 7 is in contact with the first electrode 4 in opposite position; when the deformable piezoelectric substrate is deformed to a certain extent due to force, the third electrode 8 is in contact with the first electrode 4 in opposite position, and the second electrode 7 is separated from the first electrode 4 in opposite position.

[0046] See also Figure 2 , wherein part a schematically illustrates the instantaneous charge release mechanism of the IPNG provided by an embodiment of the present invention during one working cycle, and parts b and c illustrate the corresponding current and charge output curves. Figure 2 In its initial state, the deformable piezoelectric substrate remains unchanged, and no charge flows in the external circuit. When the IPNG begins to bend (Stage I), the lower CE separates from the lower SE. The first and second piezoelectric films 2 and 3 in the deformable piezoelectric substrate deform due to tension. The piezoelectric charge generated during this process continues to accumulate on the two SEs, and no charge is released to the external circuit. When the deformation is large enough for the upper CE to contact the upper SE (Stage II), the piezoelectric charge is instantaneously released from the SE to the IE through the upper CE and the external load R, resulting in a high-intensity discharge peak. As the charge balances between the two SEs, the electrical signal returns to zero. As the IPNG gradually recovers from deformation, the upper SE separates from the upper CE (Stage III). The recovery of the bending reduces the internal piezoelectric polarization, causing the accumulated surface charge to become unbalanced again, but this cannot be restored due to the separation of the CE and SE. Once the IPNG returns to its original state, the lower CE contacts the lower SE (Stage IV), causing the excess surface charge to be rapidly released through the external load R, generating an electrical pulse in the opposite direction (from IE to SE).

[0047] The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided in an embodiment of the present invention provides a first flexible bending structure 5 and a second flexible bending structure 6 on both sides of a deformable piezoelectric substrate, so that the first flexible bending structure 5 and the second flexible bending structure 6 bend as the deformable piezoelectric substrate is subjected to force, thereby driving the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 on the two flexible bending structures to alternately contact the first electrode 4 in the opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge, thereby effectively accumulating the piezoelectric induced charge generated by the low-frequency or even ultra-low-frequency biological movement driving the PENG, and then converting the low-voltage wide-cell pulse into a high-voltage instantaneous pulse through instantaneous release, thereby greatly improving the peak output and charging rate of the PENG, solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structural compositions of the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6 exist in various forms.

[0049] For example, in one implementation, the first flexible curved structure 5 may be a first flexible arch structure; and the second flexible curved structure 6 may be a second flexible arch structure.

[0050] Specifically, the first flexible arch structure and the second flexible arch structure have different arch heights. When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, the CE on the flexible arch structure with the higher arch height leaves a gap with the opposite first electrode 4. When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, the CE on the flexible arch structure with the lower arch height just contacts the opposite first electrode 4. In this way, the first and second flexible arch structures can bend in response to the force applied to the deformable piezoelectric substrate, thereby driving the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 to alternately contact the opposite first electrode 4, achieving instantaneous discharge.

[0051] In another implementation, the first flexible curved structure 5 may be a first flexible π-shaped structure; and the second flexible curved structure 6 may be a second flexible π-shaped structure.

[0052] Specifically, the first and second flexible π-shaped structures have different heights. When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, the CE on the taller flexible π-shaped structure maintains a gap with the opposing first electrode 4. When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, the CE on the shorter flexible π-shaped structure precisely contacts the opposing first electrode 4. In this way, the first and second flexible π-shaped structures can bend in response to the force applied to the deformable piezoelectric substrate, driving the second and third electrodes 7 and 8 to alternately contact the opposing first electrode 4, achieving instantaneous discharge.

[0053] It should be noted that the specific structural composition of the first flexible bending structure 5 and the second flexible bending structure 6 is not limited to the arch structure or π-shaped structure shown above. Any structure that can bend with the force applied to the deformable piezoelectric substrate, thereby driving the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 to alternately contact the first electrode 4 in the opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge, can be used as the first flexible bending structure 5 and the second flexible bending structure 6 in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6 can both be made of Kapton film, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, flexible materials such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) can also be used to make the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6. Kapton film is a polyimide film developed by DuPont.

[0055] In addition, in order to achieve a better bending effect, the thickness of the flexible material used to prepare the first flexible bending structure 5 and the second flexible bending structure 6 is preferably 30 micrometers to 1 millimeter.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 can both be polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF films, but are of course not limited to this. For example, materials with piezoelectric effect such as PVDF-TrFE (polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), PZT (lead zirconate titanate) or BTO (barium titanium oxide) can also be used to prepare the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3.

[0057] It is understood that for films of the same material, the thicker the film, the less likely it is to bend. Therefore, in practice, an appropriate thickness can be selected according to the actual environment. Preferably, the thickness of the material used to prepare the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 can be 1 nanometer to 1 millimeter.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the flexible substrate 1 may be a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, but is not limited thereto. For example, materials such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) may also be used to prepare the flexible substrate 1.

[0059] It is understood that the thicker the flexible substrate 1, the greater the force required to bend the device, resulting in a greater output. The substrate is selected based on the driving force of the application environment, so in practice, the thickness of the flexible substrate 1 can be selected based on the driving force of the application environment. Preferably, the thickness of the material used to make the flexible substrate 1 can be 50 microns to 1 mm, for example, 100 microns.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode can be prepared using various conductive film manufacturing technologies. The material can be various conductive metals, such as gold, silver, copper, platinum, or conductive polymers. The thickness of the conductive film can range from 10 nanometers to 100 microns, as long as it ensures conductivity. Here, the first electrode is in the form of a thin film, which helps the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 to better adhere to the flexible substrate 1.

[0061] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific structural form of the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8. For example, a convex electrode structure such as a semi-cylindrical structure or a square structure can be used to form a more sensitive contact with the first electrode 4.

[0062] For example, a rigid or elastic solid-phase material may be used for additive or subtractive manufacturing to obtain a semi-cylindrical structure, and then a layer of copper foil may be coated on the surface thereof as the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 .

[0063] Figure 3The figure schematically shows a structural comparison between a transient discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator provided by an embodiment of the present invention and an existing common PENG, wherein the flexible substrate 1 is made of PET, the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6 are made of Kapton, the first piezoelectric film 2 and the second piezoelectric film 3 are made of PVDF; the fourth electrode 4 is represented as Electrode, the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are represented as Switch electrode, and Electrical dipole represents an electric dipole. Figure 3 The device structure shown in the figure is connected to CE and IE to conduct electrical tests on the two nanogenerator structures. The discharge performance comparison is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the peak output and charging rate of the IPNG provided by the embodiment of the present invention are higher than those of the conventional PENG. Figure 5 The test circuit shown in the embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 3 The charging curve obtained by electrical testing of the instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator is as follows: Figure 6 .

[0064] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator, see Figure 7 As shown, the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Provide a flexible substrate, fix a first electrode on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and lead out the first electrode with a wire.

[0066] Specifically, curable glue may be used to fix the first electrode 4 on the first surface of the flexible substrate 1 .

[0067] Step 2: coating a piezoelectric material on the first surface of the flexible substrate to form a first piezoelectric film.

[0068] When coating the first surface of the flexible substrate 1 with a piezoelectric material to form the first piezoelectric film 2, it is necessary to ensure precise bonding between the first piezoelectric film 2 and the flexible substrate 1, and to allow the first piezoelectric film 2 to undergo a sufficient drying and curing process. Furthermore, any type of curable glue can be used to secure the first piezoelectric film 2 to the flexible substrate 1.

[0069] Step 3: Fix a second first electrode on the first piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire.

[0070] Here, curable glue may be used to fix the second first electrode 4 on the first piezoelectric film 2 .

[0071] Step 4: Fix the third first electrode on the second surface of the flexible substrate and lead out the first electrode with a wire.

[0072] Specifically, curable glue may be used to fix the third first electrode 4 on the second surface of the flexible substrate 1 .

[0073] Step 5: Coating a piezoelectric material on the second surface of the flexible substrate to form a second piezoelectric film.

[0074] When coating the second surface of the flexible substrate 1 with a piezoelectric material to form the second piezoelectric film 3, it is necessary to ensure precise contact between the second piezoelectric film 3 and the flexible substrate 1, and to allow the second piezoelectric film 3 to undergo a sufficient drying and curing process. Furthermore, any type of curable glue can be used to secure the second piezoelectric film 3 to the flexible substrate 1.

[0075] At this point, the first piezoelectric film 2 , the flexible substrate 1 and the second piezoelectric film 3 constitute a deformable piezoelectric substrate.

[0076] Step 6: Fix the fourth first electrode on the second piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire.

[0077] Here, curable glue may be used to fix the fourth first electrode 4 on the second piezoelectric film 3 .

[0078] Step 7: Connect the first first electrode and the third first electrode together, and connect the second first electrode and the fourth first electrode together.

[0079] Specifically, the first first electrode 4 and the third first electrode 4 are both first electrodes 4 attached to the flexible substrate 1, and are connected together with a wire to serve as the IE of the IPNG. The second first electrode 4 and the fourth first electrode 4 are both first electrodes 4 exposed to air, and are connected together with a wire to serve as the SE of the IPNG.

[0080] Step 8. Install a first flexible bending structure on the first side of the first piezoelectric film so that the second electrode on the first flexible bending structure is opposite to the second first electrode and separated by a gap; install a second flexible bending structure on the second side of the second piezoelectric film so that the third electrode on the second flexible bending structure is opposite to and in contact with the fourth first electrode.

[0081] Specifically, a first flexible curved structure 5 and a second flexible curved structure 6 are prepared using a flexible material, and a second electrode 7 and a third electrode 8 are prepared; the prepared second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are respectively installed on the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6; then, the first flexible curved structure 5 and the second flexible curved structure 6 are respectively fixed to the first side and the second side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate using AB glue.

[0082] For example, a semi-cylindrical structure with a radius of 0.3 cm and a height of approximately 1 cm can be prepared using 3D printing technology. Its cross section is then fixed to the center of the flexible curved structure. Copper foil is then wrapped around the surface of the semi-cylindrical structure to serve as the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8. During the assembly stage, a certain distance is left between the second electrode 7 and the first surface of the deformable piezoelectric substrate (the surface where the first piezoelectric film 2 is located), and the two do not contact each other. The third electrode 8 is in direct contact with the second surface of the deformable piezoelectric substrate (the surface where the second piezoelectric film 3 is located).

[0083] Step 9: Connect the second electrode and the third electrode with a wire.

[0084] Here, the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are connected by a wire, serving as the CE of the IPNG.

[0085] In the above preparation method, the specific materials and size settings of the flexible substrate 1, the first flexible curved structure 5, the second flexible curved structure 6, the first piezoelectric film 2, the second piezoelectric film 3 and each electrode have been illustrated in the product embodiment, and can be seen above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0086] The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator (IPNG) fabricated using the method provided in this embodiment effectively accumulates the piezoelectrically induced charge generated by low-frequency or even ultra-low-frequency biological motion driving the PENG. This charge is then instantaneously released, converting the low-voltage, wide-cell pulses into high-voltage, instantaneous pulses. This significantly increases the PENG's peak output and charging rate, resolving issues with existing technologies. Furthermore, the method provided in this embodiment is simple and low-cost, enabling mass production of IPNGs.

[0087] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" mean that the specific features or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0089] Although the present invention is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed invention, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings and the disclosed content. In the description of the present invention, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, "one" or "a" does not exclude multiple situations, and "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, certain measures are recorded in different embodiments, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0090] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0091] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0092] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0093] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric nanogenerator of instantaneous discharge type, characterized in that: include: deformable piezoelectric substrate; The deformable piezoelectric substrate includes: a flexible substrate, a first piezoelectric film located on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and a second piezoelectric film located on a second surface of the flexible substrate; The first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film have the same polarization direction; first electrodes are provided on both sides of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film; the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side away from the flexible substrate are connected; and the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side close to the flexible substrate are connected; The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator further includes: a first flexible curved structure located on a first side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate and a second flexible curved structure located on a second side of the deformable piezoelectric substrate; a second electrode is provided on the first flexible curved structure; the second electrode is positioned opposite to the first electrode on a side of the first piezoelectric film away from the flexible substrate; a third electrode is provided on the second flexible curved structure; the third electrode is positioned opposite to the first electrode on a side of the second piezoelectric film away from the flexible substrate; the second electrode and the third electrode are connected; The first flexible bending structure and the second flexible bending structure bend as the deformable piezoelectric substrate is subjected to force, driving the second electrode and the third electrode to alternately contact the first electrode at an opposite position to achieve instantaneous discharge.

2. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is not deformed, a gap is left between the second electrode and the first electrode opposite to it, and the third electrode is in contact with the first electrode opposite to it; When the deformable piezoelectric substrate is deformed to a certain extent due to a force, the second electrode contacts the first electrode opposite to the second electrode, and the third electrode is separated from the first electrode opposite to the second electrode.

3. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flexible curved structure is a first flexible arch structure; the second flexible curved structure is a second flexible arch structure.

4. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first flexible curved structure is a first flexible π-shaped structure; the second flexible curved structure is a second flexible π-shaped structure.

5. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The second electrode is located at the center of the first flexible curved structure, and the third electrode is located at the center of the second flexible curved structure.

6. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side close to the flexible substrate are connected through a wire; the first electrodes of the first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film on a side away from the flexible substrate are connected through a wire; the second electrode and the third electrode are electrically connected through a wire.

7. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flexible curved structure and the second flexible curved structure are both made of Kapton film.

8. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first piezoelectric film and the second piezoelectric film are both polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films.

9. The instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible substrate is a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate.

10. A method for preparing an instantaneous discharge piezoelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: include: Step 1: providing a flexible substrate, fixing a first electrode on a first surface of the flexible substrate, and leading out the first electrode with a wire; Step 2: coating a piezoelectric material on the first surface of the flexible substrate to form a first piezoelectric film; Step 3: Fix a second first electrode on the first piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire; Step 4: Fix a third first electrode on the second surface of the flexible substrate and lead out the first electrode with a wire; Step 5: coating a piezoelectric material on the second surface of the flexible substrate to form a second piezoelectric film; Step 6: Fix a fourth first electrode on the second piezoelectric film and lead out the first electrode with a wire; Step 7: connecting the first first electrode and the third first electrode, and connecting the second first electrode and the fourth first electrode; Step 8: Installing a first flexible curved structure on the first side of the first piezoelectric film so that the second electrode on the first flexible curved structure is opposite to the second first electrode and separated by a gap; installing a second flexible curved structure on the second side of the second piezoelectric film so that the third electrode on the second flexible curved structure is opposite to and in contact with the fourth first electrode; Step nine: Connect the second electrode and the third electrode with a wire.

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