Wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier-adder

Abstract

The invention discloses a wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiply-adder which loads first data to be calculated on a first group of optical signals, and the first group of optical signals comprises a plurality of optical signals with different powers. The wavelength mode multiplexing module then converts the first set of optical signals into a first optical signal. The first optical signal is divided into a plurality of second optical signals through a power beam splitting module. Converting the plurality of second optical signals into a plurality of groups of second group optical signals through a mode demultiplexing module; then, the modulation module loaded with the partial data of the second data outputs a third group of optical signals after adjusting the light intensity of the second group of optical signals. And finally, combining the plurality of third groups of optical signals into a plurality of third optical signals through a beam combining module, wherein the product of the first group of data and the second group of data is indicated. According to the invention, the calculation power consumption can be saved, in addition, the optical signals are distinguished by using modes and wavelengths, the increase of calculation dimensions is facilitated, and large-scale matrix vector multiplication is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The implementation of the present application relates to the computer field, and in particular to an optical computing wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier-adder device. Background Art

[0002] In today's booming field of deep learning, the training and use of neural networks rely on a large number of matrix operations. The input part of the basic unit of the neural network, the neuron, is the weighted sum of all input values, that is, the vector dot product; the inter-layer connection composed of neurons becomes a vector-matrix multiplication; the convolution operation in the convolutional neural network can also be decomposed into the multiplication and addition of matrices and vectors. The operation speed of the neural network often depends on the speed of the matrix operation, and the above-mentioned matrix operations can all be achieved through optical methods.

[0003] The optical matrix vector multiplier is an optical computing device that uses optical methods to perform matrix-vector operations. It takes advantage of the optical characteristics of low latency, low loss, ultra-wide bandwidth, and multi-dimensional multiplexing, and has a promising future in the field of massive data processing. In the optical matrix vector multiplier using wavelength division multiplexing technology, the vector to be calculated is loaded on multiple optical signals of different wavelengths, which are coupled into a waveguide through a wavelength division multiplexer, and then the coupled optical signals are evenly distributed to the microring array through a power splitter. Each microring has wavelength selectivity and only downloads and modulates light of a specific wavelength. The matrix to be calculated is loaded on the microring array, and the result of vector and matrix multiplication can be obtained by detecting the outputs of each microring array.

[0004] The expansion of the multiplier scale is related to the free spectral range of the microring: a larger free spectral range means more wavelength channels can be supported, which increases the dimension of a single calculation, but this also places higher demands on the manufacturing process. Increasing the number of wavelength channels while keeping the free spectral range unchanged often introduces greater crosstalk between channels, which has a negative impact on the precision and accuracy of the calculation results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the present invention proposes a wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder. The wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder provided by the present application can calculate the product of the first data and the second data by wavelength division and mode division multiplexing. By introducing the mode division multiplexing technology, the expansion of the multiplier scale is not limited to increasing the number of wavelength channels, but can also be achieved by increasing the number of modes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The present invention includes a wavelength mode multiplexing module, a power beam splitting module, n mode demultiplexing modules, n modulation modules, and n beam combining modules, wherein a first group of optical signals is used to indicate a first group of data to be calculated, the wavelength mode multiplexing module is used to receive the first group of optical signals, and multiplex the first group of optical signals to output a first optical signal, the power beam splitting module divides the first optical signal into a plurality of second optical signals, each of the n mode demultiplexing modules is used to receive a second optical signal, and demultiplex the second optical signal to output a second group of optical signals, each of the n modulation modules is loaded with a second group of optical signals to be calculated, the modulation module receives the second group of optical signals and modulates and superimposes the second group of data and then outputs a third group of optical signals, each of the n beam combining modules is used to receive the third group of optical signals and output a third optical signal, and the n third optical signals output by the n beam combining modules are used to indicate the result of multiplying the first group of data by the second group of data, which is the final result of matrix-vector multiplication.

[0007] The first optical signal, the second optical signal, and the second group of optical signals are all used to indicate the first group of data to be calculated. The third group of optical signals is used to indicate the intermediate quantity in the product calculation process of the first group of data and the second group of data. The third optical signal is used to indicate the result of multiplying the first group of data and the second group of data, which is the final result of matrix-vector multiplication.

[0008] The wavelength mode multiplexing module comprises a plurality of wavelength couplers and a plurality of mode couplers, each wavelength coupler comprises a plurality of micro-ring resonators, each micro-ring resonator corresponds to a wavelength channel, and each wavelength coupler is connected to a mode coupler.

[0009] The power beam splitting module is mainly composed of a plurality of 1x2 multimode power beam splitters with a splitting ratio of 50:50, and the multimode power beam splitter is mainly composed of a cross waveguide in which a sub-wavelength grating reflector is obliquely embedded diagonally in a cross region.

[0010] The mode demultiplexing module includes a plurality of mode couplers.

[0011] The mode coupler in the wavelength mode multiplexing module and the mode coupler in the mode demultiplexing module are mainly composed of a multimode combination waveguide and a curved gradient combination waveguide, wherein the curved gradient combination waveguide is located beside the multimode combination waveguide: the multimode combination waveguide includes an input multimode optical waveguide, an evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and an output multimode optical waveguide which are connected in sequence, and the input multimode optical waveguide is connected via the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and one end of the output multimode optical waveguide; the curved gradient waveguide is mainly composed of a front S-shaped curved waveguide structure, an evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide and a rear S-shaped curved waveguide structure which are connected in sequence, and the front S-shaped curved waveguide, the evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide and the rear S-shaped curved waveguide structures are respectively and correspondingly located near the input multimode optical waveguide, the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and the output multimode optical waveguide.

[0012] The wavelength modulation module includes multiple groups of modulators, and each group of modulators includes multiple modulators for modulating optical signals of specific wavelengths.

[0013] The modulator described is based on a thermally tuned microring resonator.

[0014] The beam combining module is a multimode interference coupler.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Since the wavelength mode multiplexing module, power splitting module, mode demultiplexing module, and beam combining module require low power consumption when working, the wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder provided in the embodiment of the present invention can save computing power consumption. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention uses mode and wavelength to distinguish optical signals, which is conducive to increasing the computing dimension and realizing large-scale matrix vector multiplication.

[0016] By introducing mode division multiplexing technology, the use of wavelength and mode dimensions can further expand the scale of matrix-vector multiplication when there is an upper limit on the number of channels in the wavelength dimension, and realize vector calculation and matrix multiplication of larger dimensions. At the same time, based on the calculation speed of the traditional use of the wavelength dimension, the introduction of the mode dimension can increase the calculation speed several times, and the expansion multiple is the number of introduced modes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the wavelength mode multiplexing module.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power beam splitting module.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a multimode power splitter.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the mode demultiplexing module.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the mode multiplexer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] The function to be achieved by the present invention is to perform a matrix multiplication operation, and the specific formula of the operation is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, vector X is the input vector, called the first set of data; matrix M is the modulation matrix, called the second set of data; vector Y is the output vector, that is, the product of the first set of data and the second set of data.

[0027] The present invention uses a combination of mode and wavelength to distinguish optical signals loaded with different data, effectively reducing the mutual crosstalk of optical signals during transmission, thereby ensuring the accuracy of calculation results.

[0028] The mode mentioned in this application refers to the spatial mode. The spatial mode (transverse mode) refers to the light intensity distribution on a cross section perpendicular to the propagation direction. The spatial mode can also be understood as the "shape" of light in the waveguide. Assuming that the present invention uses a total of 4 modes, respectively denoted as TE0, TE1, TE2, TE3, and 2 wavelengths λ1, λ2, there are a total of 8 mode-wavelength combinations, that is, the calculation dimension of the wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier is 8, the first set of data is a 1x8 vector, the second set of data is an 8x8 matrix, and the product of the first set of data and the second set of data is a 1x8 vector.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation of the present invention includes a wavelength mode multiplexing module 1, a power beam splitting module 2, multiple mode demultiplexing modules 3, multiple modulation modules 4, and multiple beam combining modules 5 which are connected in sequence.

[0030] The structure of the wavelength mode multiplexing module 1 is as follows Figure 2As shown, it includes 4 wavelength couplers 11 and 3 mode couplers. The wavelength coupler 11 is composed of an upload and download microring resonator 101 with a resonance wavelength of λ1 and an upload and download microring resonator 102 with a resonance wavelength of λ2, which are connected in series to achieve coupling of optical signals with a mode of TE0 and a wavelength of λ1 and an optical signal with a mode of TE0 and a wavelength of λ2 transmitted on two waveguides respectively into one waveguide. The third wavelength coupler, the second wavelength coupler, and the first wavelength coupler are respectively connected to the input ends of the curved gradient combination waveguides of the first mode coupler 12, the second mode coupler 13, and the third mode coupler 14, and the remaining fourth wavelength coupler is connected to the multimode combination waveguide input end of the first mode coupler 12. The multimode combination waveguide output end of the first mode coupler 12 is connected to the multimode combination waveguide input end of the second mode coupler 13, and the multimode combination waveguide output end of the second mode coupler 13 is connected to the multimode combination waveguide input end of the third mode coupler 14. The first mode coupler 12 converts the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved tapered combination waveguide (third wavelength coupler) into mode TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals, and couples them with the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide (output from the fourth wavelength coupler), and outputs the mode TE0&TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals; the second mode coupler 13 converts the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved tapered combination waveguide (second wavelength coupler) into mode TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals, and couples them with the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide (output from the fourth wavelength coupler), and outputs the mode TE0&TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals; The TE0&TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the waveguide (output from the first mode coupler 12) are coupled, and TE0&TE1&TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals are output; the third mode coupler 14 converts the TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved gradient combination waveguide (first wavelength coupler) into TE3, λ1&λ2 optical signals, and couples them with the TE0&TE1&TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide (output from the second mode coupler 12), and outputs TE0&TE1&TE2&TE3, λ1&λ2 optical signals.

[0031] The structure of the power beam splitting module 2 is as follows Figure 3 As shown. Since the calculation dimension of the wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier is 8, a power splitter module is required to realize the 1x8 splitting function. The power splitter module is composed of 7 multimode power splitters with a splitting ratio of 50:50 cascaded. The structure of the multimode splitter is shown in Figure 4 As shown. The optical signal is incident from the left. By embedding a tilted sub-wavelength grating in the multimode waveguide, the grating can achieve a semi-reflective and semi-transmissive effect. The ratio of reflected light and transmitted light can be adjusted by the parameters of the grating, thereby achieving a 50:50 splitting. The grating is insensitive to wavelength and mode within a certain range.

[0032] The structure of the mode demultiplexing module 3 is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the third mode coupler 14, the second mode coupler 13, and the first mode coupler 12 are cascaded to form a mode demultiplexing module: the signal after the power beam splitting module (i.e., TE0&TE1&TE2&TE3, λ1&λ2 optical signal) is used as the input of the mode demultiplexing module, the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the third mode coupler 14 in the mode demultiplexing module is connected to the input end of the multimode combination waveguide of the second mode coupler, the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the second mode coupler is connected to the input end of the multimode combination waveguide of the first mode coupler, and the output end of the third mode coupler, the second mode coupler, the output end of the curved gradient combination waveguide of the first mode coupler, and the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the first mode coupler are used as the four output ends of the mode demultiplexing module. The third mode coupler, the second mode coupler, and the first mode coupler sequentially demultiplex the TE3, TE2, and TE1 optical signals in the multimode signal into the TE0 optical signal, and sequentially output them from their respective curved gradient combination waveguides.

[0033] The specific structures of the first mode coupler, the second mode coupler and the third mode coupler are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, they are mainly composed of a multimode combination waveguide 62 and a curved gradient combination waveguide 61, and the curved gradient combination waveguide 61 is adjacent to the multimode combination waveguide 62: the multimode combination waveguide 62 includes an input multimode optical waveguide 604, an evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide 605 and an output multimode optical waveguide 606 connected in sequence, and the input multimode optical waveguide 604 is connected via the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide 605 and one end of the output multimode optical waveguide 606; the curved gradient combination waveguide 61 is mainly composed of a front S-shaped curved waveguide structure 601, an evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide 602 and a rear S-shaped curved optical waveguide 603 connected in sequence, and the structural positions of the front S-shaped curved waveguide structure 601, the evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide 602 and the rear S-shaped curved optical waveguide 603 correspond to the input multimode optical waveguide 604, the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide 605 and the output multimode optical waveguide 606 respectively. By adjusting the waveguide length, width, spacing and other parameters, it is possible to convert the TE0 optical signal input from the left input end of the curved gradient combination waveguide 61 into a TE1, TE2 or TE3 optical signal and multiplex other low-order mode optical signals input from the left input end of the multimode combination waveguide 62 and output them from the right output end of the multimode combination waveguide 62, or demultiplex the TE1, TE2 or TE3 optical signal from the multimode signal input from the right output end of the multimode combination waveguide 62 into a TE0 optical signal and output it from the left input end of the curved gradient combination waveguide 61.

[0034] The modulation module 4 includes multiple groups of modulators, the number of which is the same as the number of modes used; each group of modulators includes multiple micro-ring modulators, the number of which is the same as the number of wavelengths used, and each micro-ring modulator is only used to modulate the optical signal of a specific wavelength channel. The micro-ring modulator is thermally modulated, and the change in transmittance at a specific wavelength channel is achieved by adjusting the voltage applied to its thermal adjustment electrode.

[0035] The beam combining module 5 is composed of a 4x1 multimode interference coupler, and combines four TE0 optical signals into one TE0 optical signal.

[0036] The working process of the present invention is described below: The first group of data is loaded onto 8 TE0 mode optical signals through an additional optical intensity modulator, which is recorded as the first group of optical signals. The first group of optical signals is input into the wavelength mode multiplexing module through eight single-mode waveguides and converted into a first optical signal containing TE0&TE1&TE2&TE3, λ1&λ2. The first optical signal is evenly divided into 8 second optical signals containing TE0&TE1&TE2&TE3, λ1&λ2 through the power splitter module. Each second optical signal is converted into a second group of optical signals through a mode demultiplexing module, and the second group of optical signals contains 4 TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals. The second group of data is loaded onto the modulation module by adjusting the voltage applied to the thermal adjustment electrode array. After the second group of optical signals are superimposed on the second group of data through the modulation module, a third group of optical signals is obtained. The third group of optical signals is used to indicate the multiplication of the corresponding elements in the first group of data and the second group of data ( ) is the intermediate quantity of matrix-vector multiplication. Multiple third groups of optical signals are combined into a beam combining module to obtain a third optical signal, which is used to indicate the multiplication of the first group of data and the second group of data ( ) is the final result of the matrix-vector multiplication.

[0037] The specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows: A silicon nanowire optical waveguide based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) material is selected: its core layer is silicon material with a thickness of 220nm and a refractive index of 3.4744; its lower cladding material is SiO2 with a thickness of 2μm and a refractive index of 1.4404; the upper cladding material is SiO2 with a thickness of 1μm; the thermal adjustment electrode material is TiN with a thickness of 100nm.

[0038] For the first mode multiplexer, the widths of the wide tapered waveguide on both sides of the evolution zone are selected to be 0.38μm and 0.62μm respectively, the widths of the narrow tapered waveguide on both sides of the evolution zone are selected to be 0.3μm and 0.18μm respectively, the lengths of the three sections are 20μm, 30μm and 5μm respectively, the interval between the wide and narrow tapered optical waveguides remains unchanged at 0.2μm, the maximum interval between the front S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 1.2μm, and the maximum interval between the rear S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 0.5μm.

[0039] For the second mode multiplexer, the widths of the wide tapered waveguide in the evolution zone are selected to be 0.8μm and 1.06μm respectively, the widths of the narrow tapered waveguide in the evolution zone are selected to be 0.3μm and 0.18μm respectively, the lengths of the three sections are 20μm, 40μm and 10μm respectively, the interval between the wide and narrow tapered optical waveguides remains unchanged at 0.2μm, the maximum interval between the front S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 1.2μm, and the maximum interval between the rear S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 0.5μm.

[0040] For the third mode multiplexer, the widths of the wide tapered waveguide on both sides of the evolution zone are selected to be 1.2μm and 1.4μm respectively, the widths of the narrow tapered waveguide on both sides of the evolution zone are selected to be 0.3μm and 0.18μm respectively, the lengths of the three sections are 20μm, 50μm and 15μm respectively, the interval between the wide and narrow tapered optical waveguides remains unchanged at 0.2μm, the maximum interval between the front S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 1.2μm, and the maximum interval between the rear S-type waveguide and the optical waveguide is 0.5μm.

[0041] For the multimode power beam splitter, the selected parameters are: multimode waveguide width of 15 μm, grating period of 500 nm, grating width of 200 nm, and grating duty cycle of 0.4.

[0042] For the microring resonator, the selected parameters are a radius of 3.2μm, a channel spacing of 3.2nm, a radius difference of 11.6nm for microring resonators of different wavelength channels, a straight waveguide width of 0.5μm, a ring waveguide width of 0.4μm, and a spacing of 0.19μm between the ring and straight waveguides.

[0043] Example: For the overall computing rate, suppose that a certain input data (the first set of data) is multiplied by a certain matrix (the second set of data), assuming that under the same conditions: the first set of data is modulated by an additional optical intensity modulator, the modulation rate is 40GHz, and two lasers are used. If the traditional method is used, only 1x2 vectors can be multiplied each time, and the computing rate is 80GHz. If a wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier is used, 1x8 vectors can be multiplied each time, and the computing rate is 320GHz.

[0044] The above embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention rather than to limit the present invention. Any modification and change made to the present invention within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder, characterized in that: The multiplier-adder calculates the product of the first group of data and the second group of data by wavelength division and mode division multiplexing. By introducing the mode division multiplexing technology, the expansion of the multiplier scale is not limited to increasing the number of wavelength channels, but can also be achieved by increasing the number of modes. The multiplier-adder includes: A wavelength mode multiplexing module, a power beam splitting module, n mode demultiplexing modules, n modulation modules, and n beam combining modules, wherein a first group of optical signals is used to indicate a first group of data to be calculated, the wavelength mode multiplexing module is used to receive the first group of optical signals, and multiplex the first group of optical signals to output a first optical signal, the power beam splitting module divides the first optical signal into a plurality of second optical signals, each of the n mode demultiplexing modules is used to receive a second optical signal, and demultiplex the second optical signal to output a second group of optical signals, each of the n modulation modules is loaded with a second group of optical signals to be calculated, the modulation module receives the second group of optical signals and modulates and superimposes the second group of data and then outputs a third group of optical signals, each of the n beam combining modules is used to receive the third group of optical signals and output a third optical signal, and the n third optical signals output by the n beam combining modules are used to indicate the result of multiplying the first group of data by the second group of data, which is the final result of matrix-vector multiplication.

2. A wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength mode multiplexing module comprises four wavelength couplers and three mode couplers; the wavelength coupler is composed of an upload and download micro-ring resonator with a resonance wavelength of λ1 and an upload and download micro-ring resonator with a resonance wavelength of λ2, which are connected in series, so as to realize coupling of an optical signal with a mode of TE0 and a wavelength of λ1 and an optical signal with a mode of TE0 and a wavelength of λ2, which are respectively transmitted on two waveguides, into one waveguide; the third wavelength coupler, the second wavelength coupler and the first wavelength coupler are respectively connected to the input ends of the curved gradient combination waveguides of the first mode coupler, the second mode coupler and the third mode coupler, and the remaining fourth wavelength coupler is connected to the multi-mode combination waveguide input end of the first mode coupler; the multi-mode combination waveguide output end of the first mode coupler is connected to the multi-mode combination waveguide input end of the second mode coupler, and the multi-mode combination waveguide output end of the second mode coupler is connected to the multi-mode combination waveguide input end of the third mode coupler.

3. A wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first mode coupler transforms the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved gradient combination waveguide into the mode TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals, couples with the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide, and outputs the mode TE0&TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals; the second mode coupler transforms the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved gradient combination waveguide into the mode TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals, couples with the TE0&TE1, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide, and outputs the TE0&TE1&TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals; the third mode coupler transforms the mode TE0, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the curved gradient combination waveguide into the mode TE3, λ1&λ2 optical signals, couples with the TE0&TE1&TE2, λ1&λ2 optical signals input from the multimode combination waveguide, and outputs the TE0&TE1&TE2&TE3, λ1&λ2 optical signals.

4. A wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The power splitting module is composed of 7 cascaded multimode power splitters with a splitting ratio of 50:50; the optical signal is incident from the left side, and by embedding an inclined sub-wavelength grating in the multimode waveguide, the grating can achieve a semi-reflective and semi-transmissive effect, and the ratio of reflected light and transmitted light is split at 50:

50.

5. A wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The mode demultiplexing module is composed of a third mode coupler, a second mode coupler, and a first mode coupler in cascade connection: the signal after passing through the power beam splitting module is used as the input of the mode demultiplexing module, the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the third mode coupler in the mode demultiplexing module is connected to the input end of the multimode combination waveguide of the second mode coupler, the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the second mode coupler is connected to the input end of the multimode combination waveguide of the first mode coupler, the output ends of the third mode coupler, the second mode coupler, the curved and gradually changing combination waveguide of the first mode coupler, and the output end of the multimode combination waveguide of the first mode coupler serve as four output ends of the mode demultiplexing module; the third mode coupler, the second mode coupler, and the first mode coupler sequentially demultiplex TE3, TE2, and TE1 optical signals in the multimode signal into TE0 optical signals, and sequentially output them from their respective curved and gradually changing combination waveguides.

6. The wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific structures of the first mode coupler, the second mode coupler and the third mode coupler are all composed of a multimode combination waveguide and a curved gradient combination waveguide, wherein the curved gradient combination waveguide is adjacent to the multimode combination waveguide: the multimode combination waveguide includes an input multimode optical waveguide, an evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and an output multimode optical waveguide connected in sequence, wherein the input multimode optical waveguide is connected via the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and one end of the output multimode optical waveguide; the curved gradient combination waveguide is mainly composed of a front S-shaped curved waveguide structure, an evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide and a rear S-shaped curved waveguide connected in sequence, wherein the front S-shaped curved waveguide structure, the evolution zone narrow tapered optical waveguide and The structural positions of the rear S-shaped bent optical waveguide correspond to the input multimode optical waveguide, the evolution zone wide tapered optical waveguide and the output multimode optical waveguide respectively; by adjusting the waveguide length, width and spacing parameters, the TE0 optical signal input from the left input end of the bent and gradually changing combination waveguide is converted into a TE1 or TE2 or TE3 optical signal and other low-order mode optical signals input from the left input end of the multimode combination waveguide are multiplexed and output from the right output end of the multimode combination waveguide, or the TE1 or TE2 or TE3 optical signal is demultiplexed from the multimode signal input from the right output end of the multimode combination waveguide into a TE0 optical signal, which is output from the left input end of the bent and gradually changing combination waveguide.

7. The wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The modulation module includes multiple groups of modulators, the number of which is the same as the number of modes used; each group of modulators contains multiple micro-ring modulators, the number of which is the same as the number of wavelengths used, and each micro-ring modulator is only used to modulate the optical signal of a specific wavelength channel.

8. The wavelength division and mode division multiplexing multiplier and adder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The beam combining module is composed of a 4x1 multimode interference coupler, which combines four TE0 optical signals into one TE0 optical signal.

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