An in-vehicle device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol

Abstract

The present application discloses an in-vehicle device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, and the present application belongs to the technical field of in-vehicle network communication. The system includes: a data acquisition module, configured to obtain the initial state of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data of each in-vehicle device, and input them into a complete in-vehicle device connection model to obtain the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between in-vehicle devices; a communication delay calculation module, configured to calculate the total communication delay between in-vehicle devices; a communication simulation and optimization module, configured to determine the communication performance evaluation result and the path and network optimization result. This solution can accurately simulate and evaluate the performance of the in-vehicle communication system, optimize the communication link, bandwidth allocation, and data transmission strategy, and improve the reliability, stability, and real-time performance of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of in-vehicle network communication, and particularly relates to an in-vehicle device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent transportation systems, communication between in-vehicle devices has become increasingly important. To ensure safe driving, efficient collaboration, and data synchronization between vehicles, it is crucial to accurately grasp the initial states of various in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, parameter configurations of specific protocols (such as the AVC_LAN protocol), environmental characteristics, and packet loss data.

[0003] Utilize computer software and hardware resources to build a simulation environment similar to the real communication environment. This simulation environment can simulate key elements such as communication links, signal propagation, and packet transmission between in-vehicle devices, as well as possible communication interference and fault conditions.

[0004] The in-vehicle device communication simulation environment built using computer software and hardware resources, although having low cost and high flexibility, has limitations in terms of simulation accuracy, real-time performance, dynamics, and comprehensive evaluation of communication performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide an in-vehicle device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, which solve the problem that the in-vehicle device communication simulation environment built using computer software and hardware resources, although having low cost and high flexibility, has limitations in terms of simulation accuracy, real-time performance, dynamics, and comprehensive evaluation of communication performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an in-vehicle device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, and the system includes:

[0007] A data acquisition module, configured to obtain the initial states of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data of each in-vehicle device, and input the initial states of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data into a complete in-vehicle device connection model to obtain the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between each in-vehicle device;

[0008] A communication delay calculation module, configured to calculate the total communication delay between each in-vehicle device according to the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula;

[0009] A communication simulation and optimization module, which is used to obtain the actual communication requirement data between vehicle-mounted devices, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between vehicle-mounted devices into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol. The method includes:

[0011] Obtain the initial state of vehicle-mounted devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of vehicle-mounted devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device;

[0012] According to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula, calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device;

[0013] Obtain the actual communication requirement data between vehicle-mounted devices, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between vehicle-mounted devices into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0014] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, the data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data. The initial state of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data are input into the complete in-vehicle device connection model to obtain the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between in-vehicle devices. The communication delay calculation module is used to calculate the total communication delay between in-vehicle devices according to the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula. The communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication requirement data between in-vehicle devices, and input the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between in-vehicle devices into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation result and the path and network optimization result. Through the above in-vehicle device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the performance of the in-vehicle communication system can be accurately simulated and evaluated, potential network bottlenecks and communication delays can be identified in advance, communication links, bandwidth allocation, and data transmission strategies can be optimized, thereby significantly improving the reliability, stability, and real-time performance of the system. The simulation can also provide a decision-making basis for the topology adjustment of the in-vehicle network, adaptation to environmental changes, and collaborative work between devices, reducing the test cost and risk. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an in-vehicle device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an in-vehicle device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of an in-vehicle device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following further describes specific embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application. Additionally, it should be noted that for ease of description, only parts related to this application are shown in the drawings rather than all the content. Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be mentioned that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations can be implemented in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operations are completed, but it can also have additional steps not included in the drawings. The process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0022] The following will clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same type and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or multiple. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0024] The following describes in detail a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system and method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by Embodiment 1 of this application. As Figure 1 shown, it specifically includes the following:

[0027] The data acquisition module 101 is used to obtain the initial states of in-vehicle devices, the real-time changes of network links, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data. The initial states of in-vehicle devices, the real-time changes of network links, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data are input into the complete in-vehicle device connection model to obtain the communication packet sizes, communication link bandwidths, communication link distances, signal propagation speeds, and packet loss delay data between in-vehicle devices;

[0028] The communication delay calculation module 102 is used to calculate the total communication delay between in-vehicle devices according to the communication packet sizes, communication link bandwidths, communication link distances, signal propagation speeds, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula;

[0029] The communication simulation and optimization module 103 is used to obtain the actual communication requirement data between in-vehicle devices. The communication packet sizes, communication link bandwidths, communication link distances, signal propagation speeds, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between in-vehicle devices are input into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

[0030] In this embodiment, in-vehicle devices may refer to various electronic devices deployed inside a vehicle, which are used for functions such as communication, information processing, and control. For example, in-vehicle infotainment systems: audio, video, navigation, intelligent voice assistants, etc. Gateway devices: responsible for in-vehicle network protocol conversion and data transfer. Electronic control units: used to control vehicle power, chassis, safety, body, etc. Remote communication modules: used for vehicle networking communication, such as 4G / 5G, V2X (vehicle-to-vehicle / infrastructure communication). Sensor devices: cameras, millimeter-wave radars, lidar, etc. Display terminals: instrument panels, head-up displays.

[0031] The initial states of in-vehicle devices may be the state information of in-vehicle devices at the start of simulation. For example, device switch states (on / off), current communication modes (active communication, passive communication, broadcast, unicast), device loads (current data processing capabilities, CPU / storage occupancy), communication channel states (Wi-Fi / Bluetooth / wired / CAN bus, etc. connection states), location information (such as GPS coordinates, used to evaluate the V2X communication range).

[0032] The real-time changes of network links may be the dynamic changes that may occur in network links during the simulation, including network bandwidth fluctuations (bandwidth changes caused by interference, signal attenuation, etc.), connection loss / recovery (such as Wi-Fi signal interruption, device disconnection), data traffic load changes (link congestion caused by an increase in data volume), and communication protocol switching (such as 4G to 5G, CAN to Ethernet).

[0033] The protocol parameters of AVC-LAN include data frame format (Header, Payload, Checksum), communication rate (such as 10 kbps), data frame length (byte count limit), address allocation mechanism (device ID, broadcast / multicast address), and error detection mechanism (CRC check, data retransmission).

[0034] Environmental characteristics can be external factors in the simulation environment that may affect vehicle communication, including geographical environment (city, highway, mountainous area, etc.), electromagnetic interference (such as high-voltage power lines, radar, radio signal interference), weather conditions (such as the impact of heavy rain, fog, and lightning on signal propagation), and vehicle density (high-density traffic flow may lead to V2X communication conflicts).

[0035] Packet loss data can be statistical information on packets that fail to reach the target device successfully during communication, including packet loss rate: for example, 1% means 1 packet is lost out of 100, packet loss pattern (consecutive packet loss, random packet loss), and reasons for packet loss (insufficient bandwidth, excessive interference, device anomaly).

[0036] A complete vehicle device connection model can be a constructed network model that includes all vehicle devices and their communication relationships, including communication links between devices (such as the connection between ECU and IVI via the CAN bus), communication paths (such as sensor → ECU → IVI → remote server), data interaction modes (such as IVI sending navigation data to TCU and TCU uploading to the cloud), and this model is used to simulate how different devices interact in the vehicle network and test the impact of different configurations on communication performance.

[0037] The size of communication packets can be the length of the packets sent by vehicle devices. For example, small packets (control signals): dozens of bytes, and large packets (video streams): several MB.

[0038] The bandwidth of a communication link can be the maximum data transmission rate of the communication link. For example, CAN bus: 500 kbps, 5G V2X: 1 Gbps.

[0039] The communication link distance can be the maximum communication distance between devices. For example, in-vehicle Wi-Fi: 30 meters, V2X DSRC: 300 meters.

[0040] The signal propagation speed can be the propagation rate of packets in the link. For example, for optical fiber: m / s, and for radio waves: m / s.

[0041] Packet loss delay data can be the additional data transmission time caused by packet loss. For example, with a 5% packet loss rate, the data that needs to be retransmitted will increase the delay.

[0042] The initial state of in-vehicle devices (such as ECUs, T-Boxes, infotainment systems, cameras, radars, V2X modules, etc.) can collect data through in-vehicle bus protocols (such as AVC_LAN, CAN, FlexRay, Ethernet) or diagnostic tools (such as UDS, OBD-II). For example, in-vehicle network protocol monitoring: read device status messages through an AVC_LAN monitoring tool (such as a bus sniffer, protocol analyzer), record the device power-on state through a CAN / FlexRay data acquisition device, and read the device's IP, port, connection status, etc. through in-vehicle Ethernet (Ethernet) diagnosis. Self-reporting of in-vehicle devices: collect the device startup state through the T-Box or remote diagnostic platform, and read device status parameters through ECU diagnostic commands (UDS / OBD-II). Static configuration data: pre-stored device parameters (such as device type, protocol version, hardware characteristics). The state of the in-vehicle network link is affected by vehicle speed, signal interference, bandwidth occupancy, and link quality changes. Therefore, it is necessary to collect real-time change data of the link. Specifically, AVC_LAN bus monitoring can be used: monitor the delay between data frames and packet loss through a protocol analyzer, and calculate the real-time bandwidth occupancy rate. Link quality monitoring: monitor the AVC_LAN physical layer state (signal strength, bit error rate) through a signal detection tool, and simulate signal fluctuations through a network simulation platform (such as ns-3, OMNeT++). V2X (vehicle-to-everything) monitoring: record the signal changes of the DSRC or C-V2X link, and obtain the communication delay changes caused by vehicle movement. AVC_LAN is a bus protocol for in-vehicle multimedia and infotainment systems. The protocol parameters determine the communication method and data transmission behavior. Protocol documents and standards can be used: obtain the AVC_LAN protocol standard and parse the parameters of the protocol stack. Analysis of in-vehicle device messages: monitor AVC_LAN messages, extract protocol-related fields, and read the protocol version through a diagnostic command (UDS). Communication protocol configuration: read the AVC_LAN configuration through a gateway device. Environmental factors affect the communication quality of the in-vehicle network, such as weather, road conditions, and vehicle density. Specifically, real-time weather can be obtained through a meteorological API (temperature, humidity, rainfall). Traffic conditions can be obtained through a fleet management system (FMS) for vehicle density, and road conditions can be recorded through V2X sensors. The geographical environment can record the road type (urban / highway / mountain road) through GPS data, and calculate the occlusion situation (high-rise buildings, tunnels) through map data. Packet loss data can be used to evaluate the stability and reliability of the in-vehicle network. Specifically, protocol analysis can be used. By monitoring AVC_LAN messages, the lost data frames are counted. Network testing: send ping tests (calculate the packet loss rate) and perform end-to-end throughput tests.Then, taking the initial state of in-vehicle devices, real-time changes in network links, AVC_LAN protocol parameters, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data as inputs, calculate the communication data between each in-vehicle device. Specifically, the complete in-vehicle device connection model determines the packet size between each device according to the AVC_LAN protocol and the real-time link state. Adjust the bandwidth dynamically according to the real-time bandwidth of the link and the device state to ensure that the communication requirements of each device are met. Calculate the actual communication distance between devices based on the physical location of the devices and environmental factors, thereby affecting the signal propagation speed and delay. After considering the environmental impact, calculate the signal propagation speed in the link. Based on the packet loss rate and retransmission mechanism, the simulation platform calculates the additional delay caused by packet loss.

[0043] The total communication delay can refer to the sum of all time delays experienced from when one in-vehicle device sends data to when another in-vehicle device receives the data.

[0044] The communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data can be substituted into a preset communication delay calculation formula to obtain the total communication delay between each in-vehicle device.

[0045] The actual communication requirement data can be the communication capabilities or resources required by in-vehicle devices in a specific environment. Specifically, it can include data transmission rate: the minimum data transmission rate required by each in-vehicle device at different times, in different environments, or for different tasks. Bandwidth requirement: the bandwidth required by the communication link of the in-vehicle device to ensure efficient data transmission. Delay requirement: different tasks or applications may have different delay requirements, such as real-time video transmission, collision avoidance systems, etc., which require lower delays. Reliability requirement: the requirements of in-vehicle devices for packet loss rate and error recovery. Quality of service: including requirements such as priority and traffic control. These data reflect the specific communication requirements of in-vehicle devices during operation, including parameters such as required bandwidth, delay, and reliability, and can be determined based on historical data, task requirements, or real-time needs.

[0046] The configured communication simulation platform can refer to a simulation environment in which all necessary configurations and model settings have been completed during the initialization phase. In this platform, the following elements have been set and configured: Communication link configuration: The detailed configuration of the communication link has been set according to in-vehicle communication link data (such as bandwidth, packet loss rate, signal strength, etc.). Scenario setting: Based on the topology of the in-vehicle network and environmental characteristics (such as road type, weather conditions, etc.), the platform has configured simulation scenarios to simulate the impact of the environment. Protocol stack configuration: The protocol stack has been configured according to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol to ensure that the communication between in-vehicle devices complies with the standards. Device connection model: A connection model of in-vehicle devices has been built on the platform to determine the roles and communication requirements of each device. Data format setting: The format of data exchange between in-vehicle devices has been set to ensure that devices can correctly parse the data. After the configuration is completed, this platform has the ability to simulate in-vehicle communication and can be used to evaluate the communication performance, latency, bandwidth utilization, etc. of different in-vehicle devices under different conditions.

[0047] The communication performance evaluation results can be the results obtained after running through the simulation platform, reflecting the communication effects of in-vehicle devices, and can include: Latency: Evaluate the communication latency between each in-vehicle device, including the total latency and the contributions of different components (transmission latency, propagation latency, queuing latency, etc.). Bandwidth utilization: Evaluate the usage of link bandwidth to check for bandwidth waste or bandwidth bottlenecks. Throughput: The amount of data successfully transmitted by in-vehicle devices within a given time. Packet loss rate: Simulate the packet loss situation of each in-vehicle device during the simulation process, including the proportion of packet loss and the reasons for packet loss. Network load: The load situation of the in-vehicle network under different circumstances to check for overload.

[0048] The path and network optimization results can be the results obtained after optimization based on the communication performance data evaluated by the communication simulation platform. Specifically, it can include network path optimization: According to the analysis of the communication paths in the simulation, optimize the communication paths between various vehicle-mounted devices to avoid communication bottlenecks, reduce packet loss and latency. For example, the communication can be optimized by adjusting the communication order between devices or selecting a more appropriate relay path. Bandwidth adjustment: According to the evaluation results of network load and bandwidth utilization, optimize the bandwidth allocation to avoid situations where some vehicle-mounted devices have bandwidth overload or idleness. Link configuration optimization: Improve the communication quality by adjusting the link configuration (such as frequency, signal strength, anti-interference ability, etc.). Protocol optimization: Improve the communication efficiency and stability by optimizing the AVC_LAN protocol parameters (such as packet size, transmission rate, etc.). QoS optimization: According to the communication requirements and service quality requirements, optimize the communication strategy to ensure that critical task communications (such as autonomous driving systems, real-time monitoring) have sufficient bandwidth and low latency. These optimization results will ultimately have a positive impact on the overall communication performance of the fleet, improve the coordination and communication efficiency between vehicle-mounted devices, and ensure the communication efficiency and stability of the fleet in complex environments.

[0049] The actual communication requirement data can be obtained through the following channels: Task requirement analysis: Types of vehicle-mounted device tasks: Different vehicle-mounted devices (such as autonomous driving systems, in-vehicle entertainment systems, vehicle detection systems, etc.) have different communication requirements. For example, autonomous driving systems require low-latency, high-reliability, and high-bandwidth communication, while entertainment systems may focus more on stable bandwidth requirements. Real-time communication requirements: Based on the tasks currently executed by the vehicle-mounted devices, analyze the data transmission requirements of each vehicle-mounted device in real time, including transmission rate, latency, packet loss rate, etc. Environmental changes: Vehicle speed and location: The speed at which the vehicle travels, road conditions (such as congestion or smoothness), etc. will affect communication requirements. For example, when the vehicle is traveling at high speed, stronger signals and higher bandwidth are required to ensure real-time performance. Network load situation: In different environments, the communication load between vehicle-mounted devices will vary. If there are a large number of devices in the network communicating simultaneously, the bandwidth requirements and latency tolerance will change. Requirements based on protocols: Requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol: The AVC_LAN protocol may have different bandwidth and latency requirements for different types of communication (such as in-vehicle video streams, data uploads, real-time control commands, etc.). Communication protocol requirements between devices: According to the implementation of the AVC_LAN protocol by each vehicle-mounted device, determine their specific requirements for data transmission, such as frame rate, packet size, etc.

[0050] In the configured simulation platform, the communication requirement data of each vehicle-mounted device obtained will be used as input for simulation. The simulation platform processes these data through the following steps: After receiving the communication requirement data of each vehicle-mounted device, the simulation platform configures the roles and communication priorities of the vehicle-mounted devices according to the task types and requirements of the devices (such as low latency, high bandwidth requirements, etc.). According to the communication requirements, the simulation platform automatically allocates appropriate resources (such as bandwidth, latency, reliability requirements, etc.) for each vehicle-mounted device and sets communication parameters (such as packet size, frequency, transmission time, etc.). The simulation platform sets the actual capabilities of each communication link according to the communication link data between devices (such as link bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.). Scene data is set according to environmental characteristics (such as weather conditions, vehicle spacing, traffic flow, etc.), which affects parameters such as signal propagation speed, bandwidth, and latency. During the simulation process, the vehicle-mounted devices perform corresponding transmissions according to their communication requirements, and the platform simulates the transmission of data packets according to the set topology structure and protocol requirements, and calculates the communication performance between each vehicle-mounted device (such as packet size, link bandwidth, propagation speed, latency, etc.). During the simulation process, the platform continuously monitors the link status, network load, and packet loss situation, and adjusts the communication strategy between devices in real time. Then, the communication performance evaluation results are obtained. Specifically, latency evaluation: Calculate the total communication latency between each vehicle-mounted device, including link latency, propagation latency, queuing latency, etc., and evaluate whether these latencies meet the communication requirements of the vehicle-mounted devices. Bandwidth evaluation: According to the simulation results, evaluate the bandwidth utilization rate of each link to ensure that the communication bandwidth requirements of the vehicle-mounted devices are met. Packet loss rate: Count the occurrence of packet loss during the simulation process and evaluate the impact of the packet loss rate on communication quality. Then, the path and network optimization results are obtained. Specifically, path optimization: The simulation platform optimizes the communication paths between vehicle-mounted devices based on the network topology and communication requirements to avoid bandwidth bottlenecks or excessive latency. Network optimization: According to the load and performance analysis in the simulation, the platform may adjust network parameters (such as frequency band, channel configuration, etc.) to optimize the network performance between vehicle-mounted devices. Protocol optimization: The simulation platform also adjusts the configuration of the protocol stack, such as packet size, transmission frequency, etc., according to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol to improve communication efficiency.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, a data acquisition module is configured to obtain the initial state of in-vehicle devices, the real-time changes in network links, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data of each in-vehicle device, and input the initial state of in-vehicle devices, the real-time changes in network links, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, environmental characteristics, and packet loss data into a complete in-vehicle device connection model to obtain the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between each in-vehicle device; a communication delay calculation module is configured to calculate the total communication delay between each in-vehicle device according to the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula; a communication simulation and optimization module is configured to obtain the actual communication requirement data between each in-vehicle device, and input the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between each in-vehicle device into a configured communication simulation platform to obtain a communication performance evaluation result and a path and network optimization result. Through the above in-vehicle device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, the performance of the in-vehicle communication system can be accurately simulated and evaluated, potential network bottlenecks and communication delays can be identified in advance, communication links, bandwidth allocation, and data transmission strategies can be optimized, thereby significantly improving the reliability, stability, and real-time performance of the system. The simulation can also provide a decision-making basis for the adjustment of the topological structure of the in-vehicle network, the adaptation to environmental changes, and the collaborative work between devices, reducing the test cost and risk.

[0052] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a communication simulation platform building module, and the communication simulation platform building module is configured to:

[0053] Obtain an initial communication simulation platform and in-vehicle communication link data, and set communication link configurations in the initial communication simulation platform according to the in-vehicle communication link data;

[0054] Obtain the topological structure and environmental characteristics of the in-vehicle network, and set scenario data in the initial communication simulation platform according to the topological structure and environmental characteristics;

[0055] Obtain the AVC_LAN protocol and the protocol requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol, and configure the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol in the initial communication simulation platform to obtain a configured communication simulation platform.

[0056] In this solution, the initial communication simulation platform can be a preset simulation environment, which provides an infrastructure for subsequent communication tests and network simulations. On this platform, all network configurations, topological structures, protocol stacks, etc. will be configured and adjusted later. It usually includes basic communication models and simulation tools, and can simulate various communication environments and network conditions.

[0057] Vehicle communication link data can be detailed information about the communication links between various devices in the vehicle network, including link bandwidth, latency, packet loss rate, signal strength, link stability, etc. It reflects the actual communication quality between vehicle devices and is used to configure the communication link parameters in the simulation platform.

[0058] Communication link configuration can refer to the specific parameter settings set according to the vehicle communication link data. These configurations determine the way and quality of data transmission between vehicle devices, including link transmission speed, data transmission mode, transmission path, etc., to ensure that the link performance in the simulation process is consistent with the actual environment.

[0059] The vehicle network topology structure can be the connection method and layout between vehicle devices. For example, devices may be directly connected point-to-point, connected through relay devices, or form a more complex topology structure through devices such as routers. The topology structure determines the data transmission path and the overall architecture of the network.

[0060] Scenario data can refer to the simulated scenarios set in the simulation platform according to the topology structure and environmental characteristics of the vehicle network. These scenario data include but are not limited to vehicle speed, relative positions between vehicles, signal transmission conditions (such as road curvature, obstacles, etc.), and external factors that may affect communication quality (such as weather or terrain), etc.

[0061] The AVC_LAN protocol can be the protocol used for communication between devices in the vehicle communication system. The protocol requirements include specific standards such as communication methods, data formats, transmission speeds, transmission delays, etc. It defines how to exchange data between vehicle devices, how to perform error detection and correction, how to handle conflicts, etc. The protocol requirements may include some special transmission conditions, such as priority management, flow control mechanisms, etc.

[0062] The protocol stack can refer to the combination of a series of protocol hierarchies, which defines the way data is transmitted in the network. From the physical layer, data link layer, network layer to the application layer, etc., each layer of protocol is responsible for different communication tasks. For example, the AVC_LAN protocol stack may contain multiple protocol hierarchies, from the underlying link control to the upper-layer application data exchange, etc. Each layer of protocol plays a different role in data transmission, ensuring the reliability, effectiveness, and security of data.

[0063] The initial communication simulation platform is a simulation environment, usually provided by communication simulation software (such as NS3, OMNeT++, MATLAB Simulink, QualNet, etc.), which is used to simulate the behavior of vehicle-mounted communication networks. The process of obtaining the data of the initial communication simulation platform and vehicle-mounted communication link data can include the following steps: Select a simulation tool: First, select an appropriate simulation tool according to the requirements of vehicle-mounted communication, such as a simulation platform that supports mobile communication and vehicle-mounted network protocols (such as DSRC, C-V2X, etc.). Configure the basic platform: Set the simulation parameters in the simulation platform, such as simulation time, simulation environment (urban, highway, etc.), communication frequency, etc. Obtain vehicle-mounted communication link data: Vehicle-mounted communication link data usually includes link bandwidth, signal attenuation, packet loss rate, link quality, transmission delay, etc. These data can be obtained through actual measurement, or by referring to literature and standards, or by setting based on existing vehicle-mounted network test data (such as V2X experimental data). Analyze link characteristics: Set the characteristics of the vehicle-mounted communication link according to the communication model supported by the selected platform, and simulate different problems that may occur in wireless communication (such as interference, multipath fading, signal blockage, etc.).

[0064] Then, the key to setting the communication link configuration in the initial simulation platform is to correctly input the vehicle-mounted communication link data into the simulation platform and set the communication link configuration. Specifically, the communication link parameters can be set: Configure parameters such as bandwidth, delay, signal attenuation, and packet loss rate of the communication link in the communication model of the simulation platform. Usually, the simulation platform will allow specifying a link model (such as free space propagation, Rayleigh fading, etc.) to simulate the actual link quality. Configure signal transmission characteristics: Set the transmission characteristics of the link, such as data rate, modulation method, coding method, etc., according to the actual vehicle-mounted communication protocol. Simulate environmental factors: Configure environmental data, such as vehicle speed, vehicle density, building interference, etc., which directly affect the quality of the communication link. Define link state changes: Provide the dynamic change situation of the link for the simulation platform, such as the change of signal strength, the influence of environmental factors, etc. The time-varying characteristics of the link can be simulated by introducing different simulation scenarios.

[0065] The topology can be obtained through the actual layout, planning, and model of the in-vehicle network, including the distance between vehicles, the signal transmission path between vehicles, wireless access points, etc. The topology usually manifests as the connections between vehicles and between vehicles and base stations. Environmental characteristics typically include different types of road scenarios such as urban areas and highways, weather conditions, and the influence of buildings and obstacles. The environmental characteristics can be set through the collection of data from actual road scenarios or based on the environmental models provided by the simulation platform. Then, set the scenario data in the simulation platform, including setting the vehicle positions and speeds: According to the in-vehicle network topology, set the initial positions, driving directions, speeds, accelerations, etc. of the vehicles in the simulation platform. Configure the road conditions and environmental characteristics: According to the environmental data, set different scenario types, such as urban roads, highways, tunnels, etc. Each scenario may affect the link quality. For example, the signal is weak in tunnels or the signal propagation is affected by urban buildings, etc. Scenario simulation: Use tools and interfaces in the simulation platform to set factors such as mobile scenarios, obstacles, interference sources, weather, etc., which will all affect the communication quality and performance. Read the AVC_LAN protocol and protocol requirements from the database. According to the requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol, configure the protocol stack in the simulation platform. Specifically, the protocol stack can be configured as follows: Load each protocol layer of the AVC_LAN protocol stack (such as the data link layer, network layer, transport layer, etc.) in the simulation platform. Each protocol layer is responsible for different functions. For example, the network layer may be responsible for routing data packets, while the transport layer may be responsible for end-to-end error detection and recovery. Configure the protocol layer parameters: Set specific parameters in each protocol layer according to the protocol requirements. For example, set the port number, data transmission rate, etc. in the transport layer, and set the IP address, routing information, etc. in the network layer. Protocol implementation: The simulation platform usually provides predefined protocol stack modules, or it may be necessary to implement or modify them according to the AVC_LAN protocol standard by oneself. Once the above configurations are completed, a fully configured in-vehicle communication simulation platform will be obtained in the simulation platform.

[0066] In this solution, building a communication simulation platform can significantly improve the R & D efficiency, optimize the protocol and system performance, increase the test coverage rate, and reduce the cost and risk of real environment testing.

[0067] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes an in-vehicle device connection model construction module, and the in-vehicle device connection model construction module is used for:

[0068] Build an initial in-vehicle device connection model in the configured communication simulation platform, obtain the communication requirement data of each in-vehicle device, and determine the role data of each in-vehicle device in the initial in-vehicle device connection model according to the communication requirement data;

[0069] Obtain the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol, and set the data format of the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model according to the data format specification;

[0070] Obtain the topology structure data of the communication between vehicle-mounted devices, and determine the communication paths of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model according to the topology structure data, so as to obtain a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model.

[0071] In this solution, the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model can be a model used in a simulation platform to simulate the connections between vehicle-mounted devices (such as vehicles, sensors, communication units, etc.). These devices are interconnected through a network to form a communication network. This model initially defines the connection relationships, communication protocols, and interaction methods between devices.

[0072] The communication requirement data can be the communication capabilities or goals required by each vehicle-mounted device, which include data transmission rate, latency requirements, packet loss tolerance, bandwidth requirements, etc. It is usually set based on application requirements (such as autonomous driving, in-vehicle entertainment, etc.).

[0073] The role data can be the roles or functions of each vehicle-mounted device in the communication network in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model. For example, a certain vehicle-mounted device may be an initiator (such as a vehicle sending data), and another may be a receiver (such as a vehicle or roadside unit receiving transmitted data).

[0074] The data format specification can be the rules that define how to organize, represent, and transmit data, ensuring that data between different devices or systems can be correctly parsed and understood. In the AVC_LAN protocol, this involves how to structure messages, frame formats, data fields, etc. in the protocol.

[0075] The data format can be the encoding method of the actual data in the protocol stack, specifically specifying the fields, order, types, and lengths of the data. The data format is defined according to the data format specification.

[0076] The topology structure data can be the data that describes the connection relationships between devices in a vehicle-mounted network. These data include communication links between devices, network topology forms (such as star, ring, mesh, etc.), and the connection methods of each device (such as wired, wireless).

[0077] The communication path can refer to the network link or route through which data is transmitted from one device to another in a vehicle-mounted network. It includes not only the physical path (such as wireless signals or wired connections), but may also involve routing selection at the network layer.

[0078] The configured vehicle communication link, topology, and protocol stack can be loaded in the simulation platform. Select a suitable vehicle device connection model in the platform. For example, select the device connection based on communication requirements (such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication, vehicle-to-roadside unit communication, etc.). Create and initialize all vehicle devices, such as vehicles, roadside units, sensors, etc., and assign a unique identifier (ID) to each device. Define the preliminary communication link according to the connection requirements, location, and role of the devices. For example, some devices may be connected via Wi-Fi, while others are connected via LTE or V2X protocols. The communication requirements of each vehicle device usually come from actual vehicle application scenarios. For example, the autonomous driving system requires low latency and high bandwidth, while the vehicle entertainment system may mainly require high bandwidth and is less sensitive to low latency. Then classify and quantify the communication requirements of each vehicle device. For example, set the data transfer rate, latency requirement, packet loss tolerance, etc. for each device. Determine the role according to the communication requirements and device functions. Role data may include: Initiator: Needs to send data (such as sensors or cameras in the vehicle). Receiver: Receives data from other devices (such as receiving vehicle speed or positioning information). Repeater or forwarder: Forwards data between vehicles or between the vehicle and roadside facilities. Manager or coordinator: Responsible for managing communication, scheduling bandwidth, etc. (such as the vehicle communication server). Then obtain the standard document or specification of the AVC_LAN protocol to understand how the protocol defines processes such as data encoding, encapsulation, and decapsulation. Usually, the protocol specification will include how to handle video data streams, audio streams, control commands, etc. In the simulation platform, configure the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol according to these specifications to ensure that the devices can send and receive data according to the specifications. In the simulation platform, define the data format of the initial device connection model according to the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol. It mainly includes: Frame structure: Determine the minimum unit of data transmission and set data fields (such as timestamp, ID, data type, data content, etc.). Encoding method: Determine the standard of data encoding to ensure correct decoding between different devices. Error checking: Set the error checking mechanism for data packets to ensure the integrity and reliability of data transmission. Usually in a vehicle network, the communication topology between devices includes the connection method of devices (wired or wireless) and the location relationship (the communication path between the vehicle and the roadside unit, or the communication path between vehicles). This data usually comes from the physical layout or network planning of the vehicle network. In the simulation platform, create the topology between devices according to the physical location, connection method, and communication requirements of the devices. The topology may be star-shaped, ring-shaped, mesh-shaped, etc. Then determine the communication path between devices according to the topology data. The communication path is the path for data to be transmitted from one device to another, which may include multiple relay points or pass through different links. Calculate the bandwidth, latency, and possible packet loss rate of each path according to the role, requirements, and topology of the vehicle devices.Determine the optimal communication path based on communication requirement data to ensure that data can be reliably transmitted while meeting latency and bandwidth requirements. In the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model, integrate the roles of the devices, communication requirements, protocol data formats, and topology structure data to obtain a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model. Then run preliminary verification tests in the simulation platform to ensure that the devices in the model can communicate as expected and meet the performance requirements. If problems are found (such as excessive latency, insufficient bandwidth, etc.), adjust the device roles, communication paths, or protocol stack configurations according to the simulation results for optimization. Finally, a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model can be established in the communication simulation platform.

[0079] In this solution, by building a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, significant advantages can be brought in terms of compatibility, reliability, security, test efficiency, and future scalability, making the vehicle-mounted communication system more efficient, stable, and secure, while reducing the development cost.

[0080] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the preset communication latency calculation formula is:

[0081] ;

[0082] Where is the total communication latency; is the communication data packet size; is the communication link bandwidth; is the communication link distance; is the signal propagation speed; is the preset signal attenuation function; is the packet loss latency data.

[0083] In this solution, the preset signal attenuation function represents the attenuation degree of the signal during transmission. The signal attenuation will vary according to environmental factors (such as obstacles, buildings, etc.).

[0084] The steps to determine the preset signal attenuation function are as follows: It is necessary to select a suitable basic path loss model, such as the free space path loss model or the logarithmic path loss model in an urban environment, to describe how the signal attenuates with distance without obstacles. Then, considering that obstacles in the environment (such as buildings, vehicles, etc.) will cause additional attenuation to the signal, each type of obstacle will be assigned an attenuation factor according to its type (such as brick wall, glass window, reinforced concrete wall, etc.) and its characteristics such as size and position. This attenuation factor determines the degree of signal loss when passing through the obstacle. Combining these effects, the signal attenuation function can be expressed as the sum of the basic path loss and the obstacle attenuation. The attenuation effect of the obstacle will be weighted according to the type and position of the obstacle. Specifically, the influence of each obstacle can be obtained by multiplying an attenuation factor by the distance of signal propagation, and then the attenuation contributions of all obstacles are accumulated. The finally obtained signal attenuation function can more accurately describe the actual situation of signal propagation in a complex environment. Specifically, the form of the preset signal attenuation function can be:

[0085] ;

[0086] Among them, is the basic path loss function; is the attenuation factor of the i-th obstacle; is the influence degree of the i-th obstacle on the signal. When applying, the distance d between each communication node should be collected, usually obtained by measurement, and this distance d is substituted into the basic path loss calculated based on the propagation model for calculation. Obtain the attenuation factor of each obstacle type, which can be obtained through environmental data and standardized materials. Obtain the path length of the signal passing through each obstacle, usually determined by geometric calculation or path analysis. Then substitute the above data into the formula for calculation.

[0087] Embodiment 2

[0088] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by the second embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, it specifically includes the following:

[0089] The system further includes a digital twin model establishment module 104, and the digital twin model establishment module is used for:

[0090] Obtain AVC_LAN network protocol data, the device data packet formats of each vehicle-mounted device, and the network topology structure between each vehicle-mounted device, and determine the data frame interaction logic between each vehicle-mounted device according to the AVC_LAN network protocol data;

[0091] Determine the data transmission behaviors of each on-vehicle device according to the device data packet format of each on-vehicle device;

[0092] Construct the communication topology among on-vehicle devices according to the network topology structure among each on-vehicle device;

[0093] Establish the on-vehicle device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model according to the data frame interaction logic among each on-vehicle device, the data transmission behaviors of each on-vehicle device, and the communication topology among on-vehicle devices;

[0094] Obtain the vehicle member information, historical operation data, and historical device communication load data of each vehicle in the fleet. Establish the communication topology and traffic model among each vehicle in the fleet according to the historical operation data and historical device communication load data, and simulate the communication traffic changes of the fleet under different driving conditions to obtain the communication traffic change data;

[0095] Simulate the dynamic joining / leaving of each vehicle in the fleet according to the vehicle member information and historical operation data to obtain the event data of vehicle joining / leaving;

[0096] Establish the fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model according to the communication topology, traffic model, communication traffic change data, and event data, and establish the fleet communication digital twin model according to the fleet layer and the on-vehicle device layer.

[0097] In this embodiment, the AVC_LAN network protocol data may refer to the data format, information content, and transmission rules involved when using the AVC_LAN protocol for data transmission in the in-vehicle network communication system.

[0098] The data packet format of the on-vehicle device describes the specific structure of the data transmitted between devices, including the data packet header, payload part, checksum, etc.

[0099] The network topology structure among on-vehicle devices describes the way how devices are interconnected and communicate. For example, the devices are point-to-point connected, star-structured, bus-structured, etc.

[0100] The data frame interaction logic may be the specific rules of how data frames are exchanged between devices in the in-vehicle network, including the sending and receiving order of data, retransmission mechanism, etc.

[0101] The data transmission behavior may be the specific way and timing of sending and receiving data by the on-vehicle device. It includes how to schedule data, how to control the transmission rate, how to manage traffic, etc.

[0102] The communication topology may refer to the overall structure of how on-vehicle devices are connected and communicate, usually designed based on the network topology (such as star, tree, mesh, etc.).

[0103] The vehicle equipment layer of the fleet communication digital twin model can refer to the part in the digital twin model that models each vehicle equipment. It includes the communication capabilities, data transmission behaviors, protocol stacks, etc. of the equipment.

[0104] Vehicle member information can be the basic information of each vehicle in the fleet (such as vehicle type, ID, etc.).

[0105] Historical operation data can be the historical operation status data of the vehicle (such as speed, location, fuel consumption, etc.).

[0106] Historical equipment communication load data can be the historical communication load data of vehicle equipment (such as bandwidth usage, data transmission delay, etc.).

[0107] The communication topology can be the connection structure between vehicles and equipment in the fleet (such as point-to-point, star-shaped, etc.).

[0108] The traffic model can be a model that describes the data flow between different vehicles in the fleet, including traffic sources, traffic types, bandwidth requirements, etc.

[0109] The communication traffic change data can refer to the change situation of the communication traffic of the fleet under different environments and driving conditions. This includes traffic changes under different weather, traffic conditions, speeds, etc.

[0110] The event data of vehicle joining / leaving can record the events of vehicle joining or leaving in the fleet. These events may be affected by various factors such as traffic conditions and vehicle failures.

[0111] The fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model can refer to the part in the digital twin model that models the communication system of the entire fleet. It includes vehicle members, inter-vehicle communication topology, traffic model, etc.

[0112] The fleet communication digital twin model can refer to a virtual simulation environment created by modeling the fleet and its equipment, vehicles, communication topology, etc. It can real-time simulate the communication status, traffic changes, vehicle dynamics, etc. of the fleet.

[0113] Detailed information about AVC_LAN network protocol data can be obtained through the AVC_LAN protocol specification document or the protocol manual provided by the manufacturer. Each in-vehicle device (such as ECU, sensor, camera, etc.) defines the data packet format according to the AVC_LAN protocol. Detailed information about the data packet format can be obtained from the in-vehicle device manufacturer. The in-vehicle network topology is usually obtained through system design or from the communication protocol of the in-vehicle device. This can be obtained through the device installation diagram, communication planning document, or configuration file of the network protocol. The topology structure may be star, bus, or ring, usually determined based on the communication method between in-vehicle devices. By viewing the data exchange process of the AVC_LAN protocol, define the data interaction logic between each device to ensure that each device communicates in the correct order and timing. By defining the sending frequency, priority, error recovery mechanism, etc. of the data packet, clarify the data transmission behavior of each device. For the data transmission protocol between devices (such as flow control, congestion control, error checking, etc.), relevant rules need to be obtained from the AVC_LAN protocol. According to the network topology structure and the data transmission behavior of the devices, establish the communication path between the devices. For example: Point-to-point communication: For example, the communication between a sensor and an in-vehicle computer. Broadcast communication: For example, some sensors broadcast data to multiple receiving devices. Many-to-many communication: For example, multiple vehicles exchange traffic information. Specifically, network modeling tools (such as network simulators, simulation platforms) or manual configuration of communication links can be used to construct the communication topology. Then, combined with the data frame interaction logic, data transmission behavior, and communication topology, establish the in-vehicle device layer of the digital twin model for platoon communication. In this layer, each in-vehicle device (such as ECU, sensor, camera, etc.) is virtualized to simulate their behavior and communication process in the platoon.

[0114] Obtain the basic information of the vehicles in the fleet through a fleet management system (such as a fleet scheduling platform, a vehicle management system, etc.), including the license plate number, vehicle model, driver information, vehicle status (such as in operation, out of service, etc.) of each vehicle. Each vehicle in the fleet may be equipped with a GPS device to record data such as the vehicle's location, speed, and driving trajectory in real time. Some on-vehicle sensors (such as tire pressure, fuel level, engine status) provide data related to the vehicle's status. Then, the above information is combined to form vehicle member information. The historical driving data of each vehicle can be obtained through on-vehicle devices (such as on-vehicle computers, GPS, dash cams, etc.), usually including driving time, driving route, speed, traffic conditions, road type, environmental factors, etc. The communication devices on each vehicle (such as on-vehicle communication modules, on-vehicle Wi-Fi, vehicle-to-vehicle communication modules) will generate load logs. These logs record the communication traffic, connection status, bandwidth usage, etc. of the devices. According to the location information of each vehicle in the fleet, the communication protocol between devices, the distance and relative position between vehicles, a communication topology between vehicles is constructed. Specifically, the distance between vehicles is calculated based on the GPS data of the vehicles. Vehicles that are relatively close can usually communicate directly. Based on the communication protocol (such as V2X, on-vehicle Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.) and the signal coverage range (signal attenuation, influence of obstacles, etc.), it is determined which vehicles can communicate directly and which vehicles need to communicate through relay devices. Then, based on the historical communication load data of each vehicle, a traffic flow model for fleet communication is established. Specifically, the data traffic of each vehicle can be modeled based on historical data (such as the data transmission volume per hour). The number of vehicles, driving speed, and driving path in the fleet will all affect the communication traffic. Traffic flow models (such as traffic load distribution models, bandwidth allocation models, etc.) can be used to describe these changes. Then, simulation tools (such as NS3, OMNeT++) are used to simulate the changes in the communication traffic of the fleet under different traffic conditions. Specifically, the input parameters include road conditions (such as urban roads, highways), fleet density, vehicle speed, etc. According to the output of the simulation tools, data such as communication traffic, delay, packet loss rate, etc. under different conditions are obtained. Through simulation, the changing trend of communication traffic under different conditions can be obtained, which may include the traffic change brought about by the change in the number of vehicles; the impact of traffic condition changes on communication load; the impact brought about by network topology changes. According to the fleet member information, the joining and leaving of vehicles in the fleet at different times are simulated. Some patterns can be inferred based on historical data. For example, certain vehicles may withdraw from the fleet due to faults, scheduling, or other reasons, or join the fleet at specific time points (such as morning rush hour, evening rush hour). Record the time point when each vehicle joins or leaves and its impact on the fleet communication topology. Specifically, when a vehicle joins, the communication topology and traffic flow model need to be re-evaluated. When a vehicle leaves, the communication resources and traffic allocation of the fleet need to be updated. Dynamic join / leave events are generated through historical driving data, scheduling data, or preset conditions (such as the operation mode of the fleet, the operation plan of the vehicle, etc.).The fleet-level model focuses on the communication behavior and resource management of the entire fleet. It includes a communication topology that defines the communication connections between all vehicles and devices in the fleet, a traffic model that models the distribution of the overall fleet traffic, the usage of bandwidth, latency, network quality, etc., and dynamic changes that update the fleet-level model in real time based on changes in fleet members, communication load, event data, etc. All information from the fleet level and the in-vehicle device level is integrated to form a complete digital twin model. The model will include the communication topology, data traffic, load distribution, event handling mechanisms, etc. of the fleet. The communication performance of the fleet can be analyzed through simulation and emulation to optimize resource allocation and predict potential communication bottlenecks.

[0115] In this embodiment, establishing a digital twin model for fleet communication can not only optimize the communication efficiency of the fleet, improve safety and flexibility, but also provide strong support for fleet management, intelligent decision-making, and long-term resource planning.

[0116] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes a fleet simulation module, and the fleet simulation module is used for:

[0117] Obtain the real-time vehicle data, real-time device communication load data, and real-time vehicle interaction data of each vehicle in the fleet, input the real-time vehicle data, real-time device communication load data, and real-time vehicle interaction data into the digital twin model for fleet communication, and obtain the vehicle state output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet, and real-time optimization simulation data of the fleet.

[0118] In this solution, the real-time vehicle data may refer to the dynamic data continuously collected and updated during the operation of the vehicle, including the vehicle's positioning information (GPS data), vehicle speed, fuel consumption, battery status, vehicle health status, driver behavior, sensor data (such as temperature, humidity, air quality, etc.), and the real-time state of the vehicle (such as whether it starts or stops, driving state, acceleration / deceleration, etc.).

[0119] The real-time device communication load data may refer to the data transmission load situation between in-vehicle devices, including the data exchange frequency between in-vehicle devices, the amount of data transmitted, bandwidth usage, transmission latency, data packet loss rate, etc.

[0120] The real-time vehicle interaction data may refer to the real-time interaction information between vehicles in the fleet, including the distance, speed, traffic flow, communication information exchange situation, etc. between vehicles. These data are usually related to the communication and cooperation of in-vehicle devices and are used to support the coordination and collective actions of vehicles within the fleet.

[0121] The vehicle status output data can be the comprehensive information output of vehicle health, location, speed, status, etc. obtained from the fleet communication digital twin model. It shows the current status of each vehicle, such as whether it is in normal operation, whether there is a fault, whether it is in the parking or running mode, etc.

[0122] The communication traffic and topology output data can refer to the visualization output of the communication traffic distribution and communication network topology among vehicles and their on-vehicle devices in the fleet. This includes the communication load, bandwidth occupancy, latency of each vehicle, as well as the connection relationships and transmission paths among on-vehicle devices.

[0123] The fleet real-time optimization simulation data can be the results of real-time simulation calculations through the fleet communication digital twin model, mainly used to optimize the fleet's operation decisions. It includes the fleet's scheduling strategy, vehicle route optimization, communication traffic optimization, etc.

[0124] The data sources of real-time vehicle data are: in-vehicle CAN bus (obtaining vehicle speed, fuel consumption, battery power, engine status, etc.), GPS module (obtaining location, speed, driving trajectory), IMU inertial sensor (obtaining acceleration, angular velocity, direction), vehicle health monitoring system (obtaining fault codes, diagnostic information), and vehicle networking platform (obtaining driver behavior, historical driving data). The data sources of real-time device communication load data are the in-vehicle AVC_LAN network protocol (obtaining data exchange situations between devices), the data transmission rate and bandwidth occupancy recorded by in-vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and the in-vehicle communication module (obtaining packet size, communication frequency, packet loss rate, latency, etc.). The data sources of real-time vehicle interaction data are V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) communication protocols (such as IEEE 802.11p, C-V2X), vehicle networking (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2I) platforms (such as traffic light interaction, road sensors), and fleet management systems (vehicle-to-vehicle cooperation information recorded in the dispatching system). The core of the fleet communication digital twin model is to analyze real-time data to generate vehicle status, communication traffic, topology, and optimization suggestions. First, abnormal data such as lost packets or incomplete sensor readings are removed, the data from different sources are time-aligned to ensure data consistency, and the data in different protocols and formats are converted into a unified data structure. Then the in-vehicle device layer parses the data frames, identifies the communication frequencies and data exchange volumes of each in-vehicle device, identifies the data transmission paths and communication behaviors of each device, and establishes a communication load model. Calculate the bandwidth utilization rate, average latency, packet loss rate, and retransmission rate of each in-vehicle device. Evaluate the communication bottlenecks between in-vehicle devices and identify possible congested or high-load devices. The fleet layer draws a vehicle communication topology map based on vehicle-to-vehicle communication data (V2V, V2I), calculates the communication link status, throughput, and reliability of each vehicle. Simulate the change of communication traffic under different driving states (high speed, urban, mountainous, tunnel), predict future traffic peaks, and optimize network resource scheduling. Monitor events of new vehicles entering or leaving the fleet, evaluate their impact on the communication topology, and dynamically adjust communication strategies to adapt to changes.

[0125] After the above analysis, the fleet communication digital twin model will generate the following three categories of key output data: Vehicle status output data: The health status of each vehicle (such as power system status, battery power, engine faults, etc.). The vehicle operating status (such as driving speed, direction, acceleration, braking situation). Predicted faults or anomalies (such as impending equipment failures, unsafe driver behaviors).

[0126] Communication traffic and topology output data: Fleet communication topology diagram (connection relationships of vehicles and in-vehicle devices). Real-time data traffic between in-vehicle devices and network congestion conditions. Performance indicators of key communication links (such as throughput, packet loss rate, latency).

[0127] Fleet real-time optimization simulation data: Vehicle scheduling optimization: Optimize the fleet scheduling plan based on vehicle health status and communication traffic prediction. Network optimization suggestions: Provide dynamic network configuration suggestions (such as adjusting communication bandwidth and optimizing data routing). V2V / V2I strategy adjustment: Optimize the information exchange mechanism between vehicles in the fleet by simulating future driving states.

[0128] In this solution, through the simulation ability of the fleet communication digital twin model, it is possible to simulate the changes in communication traffic, the dynamic joining / leaving of vehicles, and network topology adjustment under different working conditions in a virtual environment, predict potential communication bottlenecks and fault risks, and optimize the fleet communication strategy in advance.

[0129] Based on the above technical solution, optionally, the system further includes an optimization suggestion output module, and the optimization suggestion output module is used for:

[0130] Generate optimization suggestions for fleet behavior based on the vehicle status output data of each vehicle in the fleet, the communication traffic and topology output data, and the fleet real-time optimization simulation data.

[0131] In this solution, the optimization suggestions for fleet behavior can be optimization plans for aspects such as the operation, scheduling, communication, and energy consumption management of the fleet, based on the vehicle status output data, the communication traffic and topology output data, and the fleet real-time optimization simulation data. Specifically, it includes vehicle scheduling optimization: Adjust task allocation according to vehicle status (such as battery power, load, location) to improve operation efficiency. Communication traffic optimization: Adjust data transmission strategies based on communication load data to reduce latency and congestion. Network topology adjustment: Optimize the communication paths between nodes according to communication topology data to improve data transmission stability. Energy consumption optimization: Predict energy consumption patterns using simulation data and optimize acceleration, braking, and cruising strategies to reduce energy consumption. Anomaly detection and fault warning: Identify abnormal behaviors based on vehicle status data and take measures in advance to reduce the failure rate.

[0132] Data analysis algorithms and machine learning models can be used to identify patterns and potential optimization points. Specifically, clustering analysis can be performed: classifying vehicles according to their status, load, communication requirements, etc., to identify high-load areas or abnormal states. Time series analysis: predicting future communication traffic changes, energy consumption trends, and vehicle operation state changes. Anomaly detection: identifying abnormal situations that may lead to communication interruptions or vehicle failures based on vehicle status data. Simulation data comparison: analyzing the differences between the simulation optimization results and the current actual operation state to find parts that can be optimized. Then, according to the analysis results, targeted fleet optimization strategies can be formulated. Specifically, it includes vehicle scheduling optimization: optimizing vehicle task allocation through task assignment algorithms to avoid resource waste. Adjusting the fleet formation so that low-battery / high-load vehicles appropriately withdraw from key tasks to reduce the risk of failures. Dynamically adjusting the driving route, combined with traffic flow prediction, to reduce congestion and improve the overall efficiency of the fleet.

[0133] Communication traffic optimization: According to the communication load prediction, adjust the data transmission priority during high-traffic periods to reduce latency. Adopt edge computing to reduce unnecessary data transmission and optimize network resource utilization. Adopt an adaptive communication strategy to adjust the communication frequency between different nodes to reduce interference.

[0134] Network topology adjustment: Identify key nodes, optimize the routing strategy, and improve data transmission stability. Add relay nodes in communication bottleneck areas to enhance the overall network coverage. Optimize the fusion method of V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle communication) and V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure communication) through simulation analysis to reduce unnecessary transfers.

[0135] Energy consumption optimization: Combine historical data and simulation predictions to optimize acceleration / braking strategies to reduce energy consumption. Adopt an intelligent cruise algorithm to optimize the following distance within the fleet, reduce wind resistance, and improve fuel or electricity efficiency. Predict the charging requirements of low-battery vehicles and arrange charging or battery swapping strategies in advance.

[0136] Anomaly detection and fault warning: Based on the output data of vehicle status, discover potential faults in advance (such as battery health degradation, sensor failure). Real-time monitor the status of key components (such as the braking system, steering system) and trigger the warning mechanism. Predict environmental factors that may cause communication failures (such as high-interference areas) and adjust the communication strategy in advance. Combine the above data to obtain fleet behavior optimization suggestions.

[0137] In this solution, by generating fleet behavior optimization suggestions based on vehicle status, communication traffic and topology data, and simulation results, it is possible to adjust vehicle scheduling in real time, optimize communication strategies, improve network stability, reduce energy consumption, and give early warnings of potential faults. This setting not only improves the fleet operation efficiency and resource utilization rate, but also enhances communication stability and security, enabling the fleet to more intelligently adapt to different operating environments, reduce delays and abnormal situations, and improve the overall operational reliability and economy.

[0138] Embodiment III

[0139] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of a vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by Embodiment III of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0140] S301, Obtain the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics, and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics, and the packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device;

[0141] S302, According to the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula, calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device;

[0142] S303, Obtain the actual communication requirement data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay, and actual communication requirement data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation result and the path and network optimization result.

[0143] A vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol provided by the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the systems provided in the above embodiments and has corresponding execution processes and beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated here.

[0144] Embodiment IV

[0145] As Figure 4 shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device 400, including a processor 401, a memory 402, a program or instruction stored on the memory 402 and executable on the processor 401. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor 401, it realizes each process of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system method embodiment based on the AVC_LAN protocol, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0146] It should be noted that the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application includes the above-mentioned mobile electronic device and non-mobile electronic device.

[0147] Embodiment V

[0148] An embodiment of the present application further provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, it implements each process of the above-described adaptive control system based on tension in the cable installation process, and can achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0149] Among them, the processor is the processor in the electronic device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc, etc.

[0150] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or system including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or system including that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and systems in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0151] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0152] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0153] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the technical principles applied. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not depart from the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the concept of the present application, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted equipment communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol, characterized in that: The system comprises: The data acquisition module is used to obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, and input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into the complete vehicle-mounted device connection model to obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; The communication delay calculation module is used to calculate the total communication delay between each vehicle-mounted device according to the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data and a preset communication delay calculation formula; wherein the preset communication delay calculation formula is: ； in, is the total communication delay; is the communication data packet size; is the communication link bandwidth; is the communication link distance; is the signal propagation speed; is a preset signal attenuation function; Delay data for packet loss; The communication simulation and optimization module is used to obtain the actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device, and input the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

2. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system also includes a communication simulation platform building module, and the communication simulation platform building module is used to: Acquire the initial communication simulation platform and the vehicle communication link data, and set the communication link configuration on the initial communication simulation platform according to the vehicle communication link data; Obtain the topological structure and environmental characteristics of the vehicle network, and set the scenario data in the initial communication simulation platform according to the topological structure and environmental characteristics; The AVC_LAN protocol and the protocol requirements of the AVC_LAN protocol are obtained, and the protocol stack of the AVC_LAN protocol is configured in the initial communication simulation platform according to the protocol requirements to obtain a configured communication simulation platform.

3. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system further includes a vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module, and the vehicle-mounted device connection model construction module is used to: Building an initial vehicle-mounted device connection model in the configured communication simulation platform, obtaining communication requirement data of each vehicle-mounted device, and determining role data of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model according to the communication requirement data; Obtain the data format specification of the AVC_LAN protocol, and set the data format of the initial vehicle device connection model according to the data format specification; The topological structure data of the communication between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication path of each vehicle-mounted device in the initial vehicle-mounted device connection model is determined according to the topological structure data to obtain a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model.

4. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes a digital twin model building module, wherein the digital twin model building module is used to: Acquire AVC_LAN network protocol data, device data packet formats of various on-board devices, and network topology between various on-board devices, and determine data frame interaction logic between various on-board devices based on the AVC_LAN network protocol data; Determine the data transmission behavior of each on-board device according to the device data packet format of each on-board device; Construct the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices according to the network topology between each vehicle-mounted device; The vehicle-mounted device layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the data frame interaction logic between each vehicle-mounted device, the data transmission behavior of each vehicle-mounted device, and the communication topology between vehicle-mounted devices; Obtain vehicle member information, historical operation data, and historical equipment communication load data of each vehicle in the fleet, establish the communication topology and traffic model between the vehicles in the fleet based on the historical operation data and historical equipment communication load data, and simulate the communication traffic changes of the fleet under different driving conditions to obtain communication traffic change data; Simulate the dynamic joining / leaving of each vehicle in the fleet based on vehicle member information and historical operation data to obtain vehicle joining / leaving event data; The fleet layer of the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the communication topology, traffic model, communication traffic change data and event data, and the fleet communication digital twin model is established based on the fleet layer and the on-board equipment layer.

5. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The system further includes a fleet simulation module, wherein the fleet simulation module is used to: The real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data of each vehicle in the fleet are obtained, and the real-time vehicle data, real-time equipment communication load data and real-time vehicle interaction data are input into the fleet communication digital twin model to obtain the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet and the real-time optimization simulation data of the fleet.

6. The vehicle-mounted device communication simulation system based on the AVC_LAN protocol according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system further includes an optimization suggestion output module, which is used to: Generate fleet behavior optimization suggestions based on the vehicle status output data, communication traffic and topology output data of each vehicle in the fleet, and the fleet real-time optimization simulation data.

7. A vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the initial state of each vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data of each vehicle-mounted device, input the initial state of the vehicle-mounted device, the real-time change of the network link, the protocol parameters of the AVC_LAN protocol, the environmental characteristics and the packet loss data into a complete vehicle-mounted device connection model, and obtain the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed and packet loss delay data between each vehicle-mounted device; The total communication delay between the vehicle-mounted devices is calculated based on the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, and a preset communication delay calculation formula; wherein the preset communication delay calculation formula is: ； in, is the total communication delay; is the communication data packet size; is the communication link bandwidth; is the communication link distance; is the signal propagation speed; is a preset signal attenuation function; Delay data for packet loss; The actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device is obtained, and the communication data packet size, communication link bandwidth, communication link distance, signal propagation speed, packet loss delay data, total communication delay and actual communication demand data between each vehicle-mounted device are input into the configured communication simulation platform to obtain the communication performance evaluation results and path and network optimization results.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a program or instruction stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol as described in claim 7 are implemented.

9. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the vehicle-mounted device communication simulation method based on the AVC_LAN protocol as described in claim 7 are implemented.

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