Solar cell module and scribing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a solar cell module and a scribing method thereof, and relates to the field of solar cells, the solar cell module comprises a substrate, and a TCO film layer, a semiconductor film layer and a conductive metal film layer are sequentially formed on the substrate; the plurality of sub-cell regions are formed by performing laser scribing on each film layer in sequence, and the method comprises the following steps: P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer, and the P1 scribing is scribed to the surface of the substrate and comprises a first laser line and a segmentation line; p2 scribing is carried out on the semiconductor film layer, and the P2 scribing is located on the two sides of the first laser line and does not penetrate through the parting line; p3 scribing is carried out on the conductive metal film layer, and the P3 scribing is located on the two sides of the P2 scribing and does not penetrate through the parting line; the P2 lineation line and the P3 lineation line are both marked to the surface of the TCO film layer; p2 lineation and P3 lineation are repeatedly carried out at the parting line so as to ensure that all the film layers are cut off until reaching the surface of the substrate; through laser scribing, on the premise that the total power of the assembly is kept stable or slightly improved, the voltage output of the assembly is remarkably improved, and the electric energy conversion efficiency of a system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell assembly and a scribing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the third generation of solar cell technology, perovskite solar cells have become a new generation of solar cells that have attracted much attention due to their high potential and promise. However, in the practical application of perovskite battery components, whether the voltage can meet the needs of the end user becomes a key issue.

[0003] Perovskite cell modules are usually packaged in a double-glass manner, and edge sealing tape is used to ensure the sealing and waterproof performance of the module and the glass viscosity. Although this method is effective, it will occupy a certain cell width, thus affecting the overall performance of the module. In addition, conventional series cell modules are divided into multiple sub-cells by laser scribing, and all sub-cells are connected in series to increase the open circuit voltage of the module. However, the number of sub-cells is limited by the short-circuit current and needs to be matched under the premise of ensuring good photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0004] Taking a 300×300mm perovskite cell module as an example, the width and number of a single sub-cell vary within a certain range, resulting in a certain fluctuation range in the open circuit voltage of the module. Although this conventional design meets the use requirements to a certain extent, it is still difficult to meet all the requirements in some photovoltaic power stations that require high voltage.

[0005] High voltage is of great significance to photovoltaic systems; first, it can reduce the loss of output current of photovoltaic modules, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency of the system. During the transmission of power, the resistance of the cable will cause power loss, and increasing the voltage of photovoltaic modules can reduce the current size, thereby reducing resistance loss and line loss. Secondly, high-voltage photovoltaic systems help reduce overall system costs. By increasing the number of photovoltaic modules in series, the number of parallel circuits can be reduced, thereby reducing the number of junction boxes and cables, and reducing material costs. At the same time, the high-voltage system increases the power density of equipment such as inverters and transformers, reduces the size, facilitates installation and maintenance, and reduces transportation and maintenance costs.

[0006] Therefore, under the premise of ensuring a certain power generation capacity, reducing the number of components and installation costs by increasing the voltage of photovoltaic modules has become an important research direction. This not only simplifies the system structure, but also improves the reliability and stability of the system. Especially in scenarios of high-power and long-distance power transmission, such as industrial and commercial photovoltaic power stations, high-voltage systems can better meet these needs and ensure stable transmission of electrical energy.

[0007] However, current technologies still face some challenges in realizing high-voltage photovoltaic systems; how to significantly increase the voltage of components while ensuring that the total power of the components remains unchanged or slightly reduced has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a solar cell module and a scribing method thereof, which can significantly improve the voltage output of the module while maintaining the total power of the module stable or slightly improved through laser scribing, thereby reducing the loss during the power transmission process and improving the power conversion efficiency of the system.

[0009] The purpose of this application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell assembly, comprising:

[0011] A substrate, on which a TCO film layer, a semiconductor film layer and a conductive metal film layer are sequentially formed;

[0012] Electrode area, the electrode area is located at the left and right edges of the battery assembly;

[0013] A plurality of sub-cell regions are formed by sequentially performing laser scribing on the TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer, including:

[0014] P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer, the P1 scribing extends to the substrate surface, and the battery assembly is divided into at least two sub-battery areas by the P1 scribing; the P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the width direction of the substrate and one or more dividing lines along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser lines;

[0015] P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, and the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line;

[0016] P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, and the P3 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing is located on both sides of the P2 scribing and does not cross the dividing line;

[0017] Repeat P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode region on one side of the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line.

[0018] Optionally, the P1 scribing line includes a plurality of first laser lines parallel to the width direction of the substrate and a dividing line along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser line; the dividing line is located at the midpoint of the edge of the battery assembly, dividing the battery assembly into two equal parts, upper and lower.

[0019] Optionally, the P1 scribing lines include a plurality of first laser lines parallel to the width direction of the substrate and a plurality of dividing lines along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser lines; the dividing lines divide the battery assembly into a plurality of upper and lower equal parts.

[0020] Preferably, for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P2 marking lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same first laser line and terminate when reaching the dividing line.

[0021] Preferably, for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P3 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same P2 line and terminate when reaching the dividing line.

[0022] Preferably, in each part, each first laser line is correspondingly provided with a P2 line and a P3 line, and the position line of each P2 line relative to its corresponding first laser line is kept consistent; the position line of each P3 line relative to its corresponding P2 line is kept consistent; and each P3 line and the corresponding P2 line are located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line.

[0023] Preferably, the left and right edges of the battery assembly are electrode areas.

[0024] Preferably, the length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to the electrode area on one side of the edge of the battery assembly and stops before reaching the electrode area on the other side, so that the upper and lower parts of the assembly obtained by dividing the dividing line are electrically connected only through the side electrode.

[0025] Preferably, at adjacent dividing lines, the P3 scribe lines alternately pass through the left and right edge electrode regions of the battery assembly and achieve conduction.

[0026] In another aspect, the present application provides a method for scribing a solar cell module, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Performing P1 scribing on the TCO film layer, the P1 scribing extending to the substrate surface, dividing the battery assembly into at least two sub-battery regions through the P1 scribing; the P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the substrate width direction and one or more dividing lines along the substrate length direction and perpendicular to the first laser lines; dividing the battery assembly into upper and lower parts or multiple parts through the dividing lines;

[0028] Performing P2 scribing on the semiconductor film layer, wherein the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line;

[0029] Performing P3 scribing on the conductive metal film layer, wherein the P3 scribing line reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing line is located on both sides of the P2 scribing line and does not pass through the dividing line;

[0030] Repeat P2 and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode area on one side of the left and right edges of the battery assembly at the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line.

[0031] Preferably, for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P2 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same first laser line and terminate when reaching the dividing line; for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P3 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same P2 line and terminate when reaching the dividing line.

[0032] Preferably, in each part, each first laser line is correspondingly provided with a P2 line and a P3 line, and the position line of each P2 line relative to its corresponding first laser line is kept consistent; the position line of each P3 line relative to its corresponding P2 line is kept consistent; and each P3 line and the corresponding P2 line are located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line.

[0033] Preferably, the marking method further comprises:

[0034] The length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to one electrode area of ​​the edge electrode area of ​​the battery assembly and stops before reaching the other electrode area, so that the upper and lower parts of the assembly obtained by dividing the dividing line are electrically connected only through the side electrode.

[0035] Preferably, at adjacent dividing lines, the P3 scribe lines alternately pass through the left and right edge electrode regions of the battery assembly and achieve conduction.

[0036] The effects of the present application include at least: the battery assembly is divided into multiple upper and lower parts by the dividing line, the original number of sub-batteries can be doubled, P2 and P3 markings are repeated at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface, and the conduction direction of the P3 marking is alternated at the dividing line, which helps to achieve electrical isolation and series connection of sub-batteries. On the premise of keeping the total power of the battery assembly stable or slightly improved, the voltage output of the battery assembly is significantly improved, thereby reducing the loss in the process of power transmission and improving the power conversion efficiency of the system; the design of the P2 marking not crossing the dividing line ensures the electrical isolation of adjacent sub-battery areas in the semiconductor film layer, prevents current from flowing in unnecessary places, and improves the stability and reliability of the battery assembly; reduces the dead zone area, increases the effective battery area, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery; by ensuring the consistency of the P2 and P3 markings with the first laser line (P1 marking), the electrical isolation can be more accurately controlled, unnecessary current leakage can be avoided, and the electrical performance and stability of the battery assembly can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another solar cell assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third solar cell assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional solar cell module;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a scribing method for a solar cell module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0044] Embodiment 1: refer to the attached Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell assembly (Comparative Example 1); Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another solar cell assembly (Comparative Example 2); Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the third solar cell module (Comparative Example 3); Figures 1 to 3 In the figure, the P2 and P3 lines at the dividing line coincide with the dividing line. For intuitive expression, the figure shows three parallel lines above and below. The present application embodiment provides a solar cell assembly, including:

[0045] A substrate, on which a TCO (transparent conductive oxide) film layer, a semiconductor film layer and a conductive metal film layer are sequentially formed;

[0046] Electrode area, the electrode area is located at the left and right edges of the battery assembly;

[0047] A plurality of sub-cell regions are formed by sequentially performing laser scribing on the TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer, including:

[0048] P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer. The P1 scribing is drawn to the substrate surface. The battery module is divided into at least two sub-battery areas by the P1 scribing. The P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the substrate width direction and one or more dividing lines along the substrate length direction and perpendicular to the first laser line. Taking a 300×300mm module as an example, of course, it can also be used for modules of any specifications and sizes. The P1 scribing includes 30 parallel first laser lines along the substrate length direction and one dividing line along the base width direction and perpendicular to the first laser line. Of course, the dividing lines can also be two (such as the attached Figure 2 ), three (as attached Figure 3 ) etc.; the thickness of the P1 scribe line is to scribe the TCO film layer and to the substrate surface;

[0049] P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, and the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line;

[0050] P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, and the P3 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing is located on both sides of the P2 scribing and does not cross the dividing line;

[0051] Repeat P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode region on one side of the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line.

[0052] The method for scribing a solar cell module in accordance with Embodiment 1 includes:

[0053] The TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer are sequentially deposited or coated on the substrate to form the basic structure of the solar cell module; wherein the TCO (transparent conductive oxide) film layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer of the substrate, allowing light to penetrate to the semiconductor film layer below, while collecting and conducting current; the semiconductor film layer includes an ITO or perovskite layer, an electron transport layer, etc., which is responsible for absorbing light energy and converting it into electrical energy; the conductive metal film layer includes a gold-plated material or a silver-plated material, etc.;

[0054] In each film layer deposition or coating stage, laser scribing is performed. First, laser is used to perform P1 scribing on the TCO film layer, including multiple parallel first laser lines along the width direction of the substrate and one or more dividing lines along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser lines; the number of lines scribed by the first laser lines can obtain the corresponding number of sub-cells; the P1 scribing is drawn to the surface of the substrate to ensure that each sub-cell area is electrically independent; the sub-cells are independent of each other and connected in series, and the dividing lines are used to further divide the battery assembly into two or more parts, preferably, the battery assembly is further divided into two or more equal parts, upper and lower, by the dividing lines; the battery assembly is divided into multiple parts, upper and lower, by the dividing lines, for example, originally 31 sub-cells can be divided into 62 sub-cells by one dividing line, doubling the number, and can be divided into 93 sub-cells by two dividing lines, and the open circuit voltage of the battery structure will be greatly increased; the number of dividing lines is determined according to the open circuit voltage required by the process; when multiple sub-cells are connected in series, the internal resistance will increase, the current will decrease, and the total power will remain unchanged.

[0055] P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, located on both sides of the P1 scribing, and is scribed to the surface of the TCO film layer, but does not pass through the dividing line; after T2 scribing, a conductive metal film layer is plated to allow the conductive metal film layer to penetrate into the P2 scribing etching groove, and form a loop at the connection with the bottom TCO layer; the upper and lower electrodes of two adjacent sub-cells are connected in series, and after P2 scribing, a conductive metal film layer is plated to ensure that the upper and lower electrodes of adjacent sub-cells form a stable series connection; it helps to improve the integration of the battery module, so that multiple sub-cells can be more effectively connected in series, and the output voltage of the battery module is increased; the design of the P2 scribing not passing through the dividing line ensures the electrical isolation of adjacent sub-cell areas in the semiconductor film layer, prevents current from flowing in unnecessary places, and improves the stability and reliability of the battery assembly; reduces the dead area, increases the effective battery area, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery.

[0056] P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, located on both sides of the P2 scribing line, and also scribing to the surface of the TCO film layer without crossing the dividing line; the P3 scribing line ensures that the conductive metal film layer of each sub-cell area is independent.

[0057] Repeat P2 and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode area on one side of the left and right edges of the battery module at the dividing line, which is not cut by the P3 line; this helps to achieve electrical isolation and series connection of components, thereby significantly improving the open circuit voltage of the component while keeping the total power of the component unchanged or slightly reduced, and achieving more precise current control and voltage boost;

[0058] The assembly is subjected to IV testing, with the positive and negative poles of the wire clamps respectively clamped on the positive electrode of the uppermost battery assembly and the negative electrode of the lowermost battery assembly divided by the dividing line for testing to verify the electrical performance of the assembly.

[0059] Example 2, refer to the attached Figures 1 to 3 , the present application embodiment provides a solar cell assembly, comprising:

[0060] A substrate, on which a TCO (transparent conductive oxide) film layer, a semiconductor film layer and a conductive metal film layer are sequentially formed;

[0061] Electrode area, the electrode area is located at the left and right edges of the battery assembly;

[0062] A plurality of sub-cell regions are formed by sequentially performing laser scribing on the TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer, including:

[0063] P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer. The P1 scribing extends to the substrate surface. The battery assembly is divided into at least two sub-battery areas by the P1 scribing. The P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the substrate width direction and one or more dividing lines perpendicular to the first laser lines along the substrate length direction. Taking a 300×300mm assembly as an example, it can also be used for assemblies of any specification and size. The P1 scribing includes 30 parallel first laser lines along the substrate width direction and a dividing line along the substrate length direction and perpendicular to the first laser line. The dividing line is located at the midpoint of the edge of the battery assembly, dividing the battery assembly into upper and lower parts. That is, 30 parallel first laser lines divide the battery into 31 sub-batteries, and one dividing line divides the 31 sub-batteries into upper and lower parts. Of course, there can also be two dividing lines (such as the attached Figure 2 ), three (as attached Figure 3 ) etc.; the dividing line divides the battery assembly into two or more equal parts, upper and lower.

[0064] P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, and the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line;

[0065] P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, and the P3 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing is located on both sides of the P2 scribing and does not cross the dividing line;

[0066] Repeating P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode area on one side of the left and right edges of the battery assembly at the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line;

[0067] For the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P2 marking lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same first laser line and terminated when reaching the dividing line;

[0068] For the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, P3 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same P2 line and terminate when reaching the dividing line;

[0069] In each part, each first laser line is correspondingly provided with a P2 scribing line and a P3 scribing line, and the position line of each P2 scribing line relative to the corresponding first laser line is consistent; the position line of each P3 scribing line relative to the corresponding P2 scribing line is consistent; each P3 scribing line and the corresponding P2 scribing line are located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line; wherein the distance between the P2 scribing line and the corresponding first laser line can be 20 to 50 um, preferably 30 um, and the distance between each P3 scribing line and the corresponding P2 scribing line can be, preferably 30 um;

[0070] The left and right edges of the battery assembly are electrode areas;

[0071] The length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to the electrode area on one side of the edge of the battery assembly, and stops before reaching the electrode area on the other side, so that the upper and lower parts of the assembly obtained by dividing the dividing line are electrically connected only through the electrode on the side; the P3 line alternately passes through the left and right edge electrode areas of the battery assembly and achieves conduction; for example: at one dividing line, the P3 line extends from the length to the left electrode at the edge of the battery, and terminates when it reaches the right electrode, while at another adjacent dividing line, the conduction direction of the P3 line is opposite, that is, the P3 line extends from the length to the right electrode at the edge of the battery, and terminates when it reaches the left electrode; or at one dividing line, the P3 line extends from the length to the right electrode at the edge of the battery, and terminates when it reaches the left electrode, while at another adjacent dividing line, the conduction direction of the P3 line is opposite, that is, the P3 line extends from the length to the left electrode at the edge of the battery, and terminates when it reaches the right electrode;

[0072] It can be understood that multiple sub-cell regions are formed by laser scribing on the TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer; the P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer to divide the component into at least two sub-cell regions, and further subdivided by a dividing line perpendicular to the P1 scribing. The P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, while the P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer. Both are scribed to the surface of the TCO film layer, but do not pass through the dividing line. This design allows the current to be effectively isolated between the sub-cell areas, while achieving electrical connection where needed; by repeating the P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line, it is ensured that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface, thereby achieving electrical isolation and series connection of components; by alternately setting the P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line, the distribution of current in the battery component can be optimized, ensuring that the current flows evenly between the various sub-cell areas, and improving the overall performance of the battery; the termination of the P2 scribing and P3 scribing at the dividing line helps to form clear electrical isolation between adjacent sub-cell areas, preventing current from flowing in unnecessary places, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the battery; the P3 scribing alternately passes through the left and right edge electrode areas of the battery component and achieves conduction, achieving series connection of sub-areas in each part, and ensuring orderly flow of current; by ensuring the consistency of the P2 and P3 scribing with the first laser line (P1 scribing) , which can more accurately control electrical isolation, avoid unnecessary current leakage, and improve the electrical performance and stability of the battery module; it helps to optimize the current transmission path in the battery module, reduce resistance loss, and improve the efficiency of the battery; by controlling the P3 line to extend only to one side of the electrode area at the edge of the battery module, it can ensure that the sub-battery areas on both sides of the dividing line are electrically isolated, thereby preventing the current from flowing in unnecessary places and improving the stability and reliability of the battery module; the P3 line alternately passes through the left and right edge electrode areas and achieves conduction, which helps to connect multiple sub-battery areas and upper and lower parts in series, and guide the current to flow along a predetermined path, optimize the current distribution of the battery module, and improve the overall electrical performance; by alternating the conduction direction of the P3 line at the dividing line, multiple sub-battery areas and upper and lower parts can be more effectively connected in series, and the voltage output of the entire battery module can be improved while maintaining the consistency of current; thereby allowing the battery module to work more effectively under different lighting conditions, because the orderly flow of current can reduce internal losses and improve the power output of the battery module.

[0073] The method for scribing a solar cell assembly in accordance with Embodiment 2 includes:

[0074] The TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer and the conductive metal film layer are sequentially deposited or coated on the substrate to form the basic structure of the solar cell module; wherein the TCO (transparent conductive oxide) film layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer of the substrate, allowing light to penetrate to the semiconductor film layer below, while collecting and conducting current, and the semiconductor film layer includes an ITO or perovskite layer, which is responsible for absorbing light energy and converting it into electrical energy; the conductive metal film layer includes a gold-plated material or a silver-plated material, etc.;

[0075] After each layer is deposited or coated, laser scribing is performed in sequence. First, a laser is used to perform P1 scribing on the TCO film layer, including a plurality of first laser lines parallel to the width direction of the substrate and one or more dividing lines along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser lines, so as to divide the assembly into at least two sub-cell regions; the battery assembly is divided into at least two sub-cell regions by P1 scribing; the P1 scribing is drawn to the surface of the substrate to ensure that each sub-cell region is electrically independent; the independent operation and series connection of the sub-cells are realized, and the dividing line is used to further divide the battery assembly into two or more parts, upper and lower; preferably, the battery assembly is further divided into two or more equal parts, upper and lower, by the dividing line;

[0076] Perform P2 scribing on the semiconductor film layer, located on both sides of the P1 scribing line, scribing to the surface of the TCO film layer but not crossing the dividing line;

[0077] P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, located on both sides of the P2 scribing line, and also scribing to the surface of the TCO film layer without crossing the dividing line; the P3 scribing line ensures that the conductive metal film layer of each sub-cell area is independent.

[0078] Repeat P2 and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode area on one side of the left and right edges of the battery module at the dividing line, which helps to achieve electrical isolation and series connection of the modules, thereby greatly improving the open circuit voltage of the module while keeping the total power of the module unchanged or slightly reduced, and achieving more precise current control and voltage boost;

[0079] Ensure that the positions of the P2 scribe line and the P3 scribe line relative to their corresponding first laser line and the P2 scribe line in each section are consistent and located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line;

[0080] Electrodes are installed on the left and right edges in the length direction of the battery substrate by welding process to form electrode areas; the length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to the electrode area on one side of the edge electrode area of ​​the battery component, and stops before reaching the electrode area on the other side, so that the upper and lower parts of the component obtained by dividing by the dividing line are electrically connected only through the side electrode; at the adjacent dividing lines, the P3 line alternately passes through the left and right edge electrode areas of the battery component and achieves conduction.

[0081] Perform IV test on the assembly to verify the electrical performance of the assembly; specifically, use the positive and negative poles of the wire clamp to clamp the positive electrode of the uppermost battery assembly and the negative electrode of the lowermost battery assembly divided by the dividing line for testing.

[0082] The positive and negative electrodes of the wire clamp are respectively clamped on the positive electrode of the uppermost battery assembly and the negative electrode of the lowermost battery assembly divided by the dividing line for testing; including:

[0083] Battery module efficiency calculation formula: PCE = (FF × Isc × Voc / P_in) × 100%

[0084] Maximum output power calculation formula: Pmax=Vmax×Imax

[0085] Voc and Isc; Vmax and Imax are inversely proportional. When Voc and Vmax increase by two times, Isc and Imax also decrease by two times accordingly, so the total value of Pmax remains unchanged.

[0086] Among them, PCE (Power Conversion Efficiency) represents the conversion efficiency of the battery module, FF (FillFactor) represents the fill factor, which is an important parameter affecting the performance of the battery module; Isc represents the short-circuit current, Voc represents the open-circuit voltage, and P_in represents the illumination time. Pmax represents the maximum output power, and Vmax and Imax represent the voltage and current corresponding to the maximum output power, respectively.

[0087] Table 1 shows the test results of 31 sub-cells of a 300×300mm perovskite battery module: for comparative example 1, there is one dividing line; for comparative example 2, there are 2 dividing lines; for comparative example 3, there are 3 dividing lines;

[0088] Table 1

[0089]

[0090] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, characterized in that: include: A substrate, on which a TCO film layer, a semiconductor film layer and a conductive metal film layer are sequentially formed; Electrode area, the electrode area is located at the left and right edges of the battery assembly; A plurality of sub-cell regions are formed by sequentially laser scribing the TCO film layer, the semiconductor film layer, and the conductive metal film layer, including: P1 scribing is performed on the TCO film layer, the P1 scribing extends to the substrate surface, and the battery assembly is divided into at least two sub-battery areas by the P1 scribing; the P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the width direction of the substrate and one or more dividing lines along the length direction of the substrate and perpendicular to the first laser lines; P2 scribing is performed on the semiconductor film layer, and the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line; P3 scribing is performed on the conductive metal film layer, and the P3 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing is located on both sides of the P2 scribing and does not cross the dividing line; P2 scribing and P3 scribing are repeated at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode region on one side of the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line.

2. The solar cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: For the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, the P2 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same first laser line and terminate when reaching the dividing line; for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, the P3 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same P2 line and terminate when reaching the dividing line.

3. The solar cell assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: In each part, each first laser line is correspondingly provided with a P2 line and a P3 line, and the position line of each P2 line relative to its corresponding first laser line is kept consistent; the position line of each P3 line relative to its corresponding P2 line is kept consistent; each P3 line and the corresponding P2 line are located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that The length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to the electrode area on one side of the edge of the battery assembly and stops before reaching the electrode area on the other side, so that the upper and lower parts of the assembly obtained by dividing the dividing line are electrically connected only through the side electrode.

5. The solar cell assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: At adjacent dividing lines, the P3 scribe line alternately passes through the left and right edge electrode regions of the battery assembly and achieves conduction.

6. A method for scribing a solar cell module, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Performing P1 scribing on the TCO film layer, the P1 scribing extending to the substrate surface, dividing the battery assembly into at least two sub-battery regions through the P1 scribing; the P1 scribing includes a plurality of parallel first laser lines along the substrate width direction and one or more dividing lines along the substrate length direction and perpendicular to the first laser lines; dividing the battery assembly into upper and lower parts or multiple parts through the dividing lines; Performing P2 scribing on the semiconductor film layer, wherein the P2 scribing reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P2 scribing is located on both sides of the first laser line and does not pass through the dividing line; Performing P3 scribing on the conductive metal film layer, wherein the P3 scribing line reaches the surface of the TCO film layer; the P3 scribing line is located on both sides of the P2 scribing line and does not pass through the dividing line; Repeat P2 and P3 scribing at the dividing line to ensure that all film layers are cut through to the substrate surface except for the conductive metal film layer in the electrode area on one side of the left and right edges of the battery assembly at the dividing line which is not cut through by the P3 line.

7. The marking method according to claim 6, characterized in that: For the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, the P2 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same first laser line and terminate when reaching the dividing line; for the upper and lower parts divided by any dividing line, the P3 lines are alternately arranged on both sides of the same P2 line and terminate when reaching the dividing line.

8. The marking method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In each part, each first laser line is correspondingly provided with a P2 line and a P3 line, and the position line of each P2 line relative to its corresponding first laser line is kept consistent; the position line of each P3 line relative to its corresponding P2 line is kept consistent; each P3 line and the corresponding P2 line are located on the same side of the corresponding first laser line.

9. The marking method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The marking method further comprises: The length of the P3 line at the dividing line only extends to one electrode area of ​​the edge electrode area of ​​the battery assembly and stops before reaching the other electrode area, so that the upper and lower parts of the assembly obtained by dividing the dividing line are electrically connected only through the side electrode.

10. The marking method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The scribing method further includes: at adjacent dividing lines, a P3 scribing line alternately passes through left and right edge electrode regions of the battery assembly to achieve conduction.

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