Window glass for vehicle

Abstract

Provided is a vehicle window glass capable of achieving both good permeability of radio waves and uniform heat distribution. This vehicle window glass is provided with: laminated glass provided in an opening of a vehicle body, said laminated glass being provided with a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate film, an upper side bus bar provided between a second main surface and a third main surface along the upper side of the laminated glass, and a lower side bus bar provided between the second main surface and the third main surface along the lower side of the laminated glass; the lower side bus bar is arranged between the second main surface and the third main surface along the lower side of the laminated glass, and the heating part is arranged between the second main surface and the third main surface and connected between the upper side bus bar and the lower side bus bar. The laminated glass includes, in a width direction of the vehicle body, a first region in which the communication unit is located and a second region other than the first region. The heating unit has a first heating wire provided in the first region and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar, and a second heating wire provided in the second region and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar. A first pitch of the first heater wire in the width direction of the vehicle body is wider than a second pitch of the second heater wire in the width direction of the vehicle body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle window glass. Background Art

[0002] In the past, there was an electrically heated window formed by laminating at least two layers of glass stretch material and at least one layer of intermediate layer material extending between the layers of glass stretch material. The electrically heated window comprises: two layers of glass, at least one array of fine and closely spaced metal wires carried by any of the glass layers, and electrical wiring means for connecting the array to a power supply so that current passes through the metal wires to heat the window. At least several metal wires extend along divergent lines and the array extends to substantially the entire transparent portion of the window. It is disclosed that the spacing of the metal wires varies depending on the location of the electrically heated window (for example, see Patent Document 1). Prior art literature Patent Literature

[0003] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-207718 Summary of the invention Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0004] However, the existing electrically heated windows (vehicle window glass) that use metal wires (heating wires) for heating do not widen the wire spacing according to the location in order to improve the radio wave transmittance. If the wire spacing is simply widened, the heating temperature will be reduced or the heating will be uneven, so it is not easy to achieve good radio wave transmittance and equal heat distribution at the same time.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a vehicle window glass that can achieve both good radio wave transmittance and uniform heat generation distribution. Solutions to technical problems

[0006] The vehicle window glass of the embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a laminated glass provided at an opening of a vehicle body, an upper bus bar, a lower bus bar, and a heating unit, wherein the laminated glass comprises: a first glass plate having a first main surface and a second main surface, a second glass plate having a third main surface and a fourth main surface, and an intermediate film provided between the second main surface and the third main surface, the upper bus bar being provided between the second main surface and the third main surface along the upper side of the laminated glass, the lower bus bar being provided between the second main surface and the third main surface along the lower side of the laminated glass, and the heating unit being provided between the second main surface and the third main surface. The laminated glass has a first area where the communication portion is located and a second area outside the first area in the width direction of the vehicle body, and the heating portion has a first heating line arranged in the first area and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar, and a second heating line arranged in the second area and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar, and a first spacing of the first heating lines in the width direction of the vehicle body is wider than a second spacing of the second heating lines in the width direction of the vehicle body. Effects of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a vehicle window glass that can simultaneously achieve good radio wave transmittance and uniform heat generation distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1A It is a side view showing an example of the structure of a vehicle equipped with the vehicle window glass according to the embodiment. Figure 1B yes Figure 1A An enlarged view of a vehicle window glass and its surroundings. Figure 2 This is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the polarization direction of radio waves and heating lines. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the vehicle window glass according to the embodiment in a plan view. Figure 4 It is shown Figure 3 A diagram showing an example of the structure of an AA arrow cross section of a vehicle window glass in FIG. Figure 5 This is a diagram showing an example of simulation results regarding the transmission power. Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle window glass according to a first modified example of the embodiment in a plan view. Figure 7 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle window glass according to a second modified example of the embodiment in a plan view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] <Implementation Method> The following is an explanation of the embodiment of the vehicle window glass to which the present disclosure is applied. Hereinafter, the same elements are marked with the same symbols, and repeated explanations are sometimes omitted. For ease of understanding, the scales of the various parts in the drawings may be different from the actual ones. Deviations in parallel, right angles, orthogonal, up and down, left and right directions are allowed to the extent that they do not impair the effect of the embodiment. The shape of the corner is not limited to a right angle, and may also be arched with rounded corners.

[0010] Examples of vehicle window glass of the embodiment include a windshield (front window glass) installed at the front of the vehicle, a fixed side window glass installed at the side of the vehicle, a sunroof glass installed at the top of the vehicle, a rear window glass installed at the rear of the vehicle, etc. The vehicle window glass is not limited to these examples, and may also be able to slide relative to the vehicle body. As an example, the vehicle window glass of the embodiment is described below in the form of a windshield (front window glass) installed at the front of the vehicle.

[0011] A communicator is mounted on a vehicle provided with the vehicle window glass of the embodiment. The radio waves sent by the communicator to the outside of the vehicle or the radio waves received by the communicator from the outside of the vehicle pass through the vehicle window glass of the embodiment. The radio waves sent or received by the communicator are preferably radio waves in the 5.9 GHz band or 5.8 GHz band allocated for V2X (Vehicle to X) communication, the millimeter wave band of the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G), or radio waves in the 1 GHz to 30 GHz frequency band domain including Sub-6. In addition, the radio waves sent or received by the vehicle window glass of the embodiment may be LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-A (LTE-Advanced), or UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband). In addition, the radio waves sent or received by the vehicle window glass of the embodiment may also be IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark), IEEE802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark) or LPWA (Low Power Wide Area), etc. The frequency of the radio waves sent or received by the communicator is more preferably 3GHz to 6GHz, and more preferably 5GHz to 6GHz. In the following, unless otherwise specified, the 5.9GHz band radio waves for V2X are used as an example for description.

[0012] <Vehicle 10 Equipped with Vehicle Window Glass 100> Figure 1AIt is a side view showing an example of the structure of a vehicle 10 equipped with the vehicle window glass 100 according to the embodiment. Figure 1B yes Figure 1A FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a vehicle window glass 100 and its surroundings.

[0013] The vehicle window glass 100 is, for example, mounted as a windshield on a window frame 11A of a vehicle body 11 of a vehicle 10. The window frame 11A is an example of an opening of the vehicle body 11. The vehicle 10 is equipped with a communicator 20. The communicator 20 is an example of a communication unit. The communicator 20 is, for example, mounted on an upper portion of an instrument panel 12 in a vehicle cabin or on the inner side of an upper portion of the vehicle window glass 100. The upper portion of the instrument panel 12 may be an upper portion inside the instrument panel 12 or an upper portion outside the instrument panel 12 (e.g., an upper surface). Figure 1A The communicator 20 is shown to be located on both the upper part of the instrument panel 12 and the inner side of the vehicle compartment above the vehicle window glass 100, but the communicator 20 only needs to be located at at least one of the positions. In addition, the communicator 20 only needs to be able to communicate through the vehicle window glass 100, so it can also be located on the upper part of the instrument panel 12 on the inner side of the vehicle compartment of the vehicle window glass 100, or located at a position other than the inner side of the vehicle compartment above the vehicle window glass 100.

[0014] In addition, the communicator 20 is described here as an example in which it is located in the center of the width direction of the vehicle 10, but the communicator 20 may be provided on the left or right side in the width direction of the vehicle 10. The width direction of the vehicle 10 is the lateral direction relative to the traveling direction (the front of the vehicle 10), and the left and right sides are, as an example, the left and right sides when the vehicle 10 is viewed in the traveling direction.

[0015] The vehicle 10 is, for example, an EV (Electric Vehicle), a PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), an HV (Hybrid Vehicle), a gasoline vehicle, or a diesel vehicle. The vehicle 10 may also be a train or a train. The vehicle 10 is an example of a moving body that transports passengers.

[0016] The communicator 20 is, for example, a wireless transceiver for V2X communication, and is a device for transmitting and receiving data with other vehicles, pedestrians (communication terminals such as smartphones), various infrastructures or networks, etc. outside the vehicle 10. In addition, the communicator 20 is not limited to a communicator for V2X communication, and may be a device that performs only one of data transmission or reception.

[0017] The communicator 20 transmits and receives electric waves of vertically polarized waves or circularly polarized waves. Figure 1BIn FIG. 1 , as an example, a configuration is shown in which the communicator 20 is provided on the upper portion of the instrument panel 12. The communicator 20 has an antenna 21 directed upward. Figure 1B The area (radio wave propagation area 21A) where the radio waves transmitted from the antenna 21 propagate is indicated by dots. The radio wave propagation area 21A is also the area where the radio waves received by the antenna 21 propagate. The portion where the radio wave propagation area 21A intersects with the vehicle window glass 100 is the portion where the radio waves pass through the vehicle window glass 100. In addition, the vertically polarized wave or the circularly polarized wave indicates the direction of the polarized wave when the antenna 21 of the communicator 20 is directed in the horizontal direction and the radio waves are transmitted or received in the horizontal direction.

[0018] <Relationship between the polarization direction of radio waves and heating lines> Figure 2 This is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the polarization direction of radio waves and heating lines. Figure 2 In the embodiment, an XYZ coordinate system is used. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction respectively represent a direction parallel to the X-axis, a direction parallel to the Y-axis, and a direction parallel to the Z-axis. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0019] Figure 2 (A)~ Figure 2 (C) shows a vehicle window glass 1 parallel to the XY plane. The vehicle window glass 1 is, for example, a laminated glass used as a windshield (front window glass), and in the middle layer, heating wires 2 extending in the Y-axis direction are arranged at a certain interval in the X-axis direction. The heating wires 2 are, for example, tungsten wires. The spacing between the heating wires 2 in the X-axis direction is, for example, about 2 mm. The heating wires 2 are bent into a sine wave shape relative to the Y-axis direction in the XY plane and extend in the Y-axis direction, but since the oscillation width corresponding to the amplitude of the sine wave is very small, Figure 2 (A)~ Figure 2 (C) shows a straight line.

[0020] The X-axis direction corresponds to the width direction of the vehicle, the +Y-axis direction side is the upper side, and the -Y-axis direction side is the lower side.

[0021] The heating wire 2 can function as a de-icer that effectively melts ice or snow attached to the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 1. When the heating wire 2 functions as a de-icer, the current value flowing through the heating wire 2 can be set to be higher (for example, about 2 times) than when the heating wire 2 functions as a defogger that removes fog (water droplets) attached to the surface of the vehicle window glass 1. Therefore, when the heating wire 2 functions as a de-icer, the heating wire 2 is thicker than when the heating wire 2 functions as a defogger, and the influence on the field of view of the vehicle window glass 1 becomes greater.

[0022] The heating wire 2 is arranged along the up-down direction (Y-axis direction) of the vehicle. The heating wire 2 is arranged along the up-down direction of the vehicle to avoid the heating wire 2 from overlapping with the outline of horizontal features in the field of vision of the vehicle passengers. That is, if the heating wire 2 is arranged along the width direction (X-axis direction) of the vehicle, the heating wire 2 may overlap with the outline of horizontal features in the field of vision of the vehicle passengers, thereby affecting the field of vision of the passengers. In particular, when the heating wire 2 is used as a de-icer, the heating wire 2 becomes thicker and the impact on the field of vision of the vehicle window glass 1 becomes greater. In order to avoid such an impact, the heating wire 2 of the vehicle window glass 1, especially used as a windshield, is arranged along the up-down direction of the vehicle.

[0023] A case where a communicator is arranged in a vehicle cabin equipped with a comparative vehicle window glass 1 having such a heater wire 2 and radio waves transmitted by the communicator are transmitted through the vehicle window glass 1 is studied. Here, radio waves transmitted by the communicator are studied, but the same applies to radio waves received by the communicator.

[0024] Figure 2 (A) shows the case where the radio wave sent by the communicator is a vertically polarized wave. The electric field of the radio wave is in the vertical direction and is the same as the extension direction (Y-axis direction) of the heating wire 2, so the vertically polarized wave is absorbed by the heating wire 2, and the electric field of the radio wave propagating to the outside of the vehicle window glass 1 is significantly reduced.

[0025] Figure 2 (B) shows the case where the radio wave transmitted by the communicator is a horizontally polarized wave. The electric field of the radio wave is in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the extension direction (Y-axis direction) of the heating wire 2, so the horizontally polarized wave is hardly absorbed by the heating wire 2 and passes through. Therefore, the electric field of the radio wave propagating to the outside of the vehicle window glass 1 is hardly reduced.

[0026] Figure 2 (C) shows the case where the radio wave transmitted by the communicator is a circularly polarized wave. The electric field of the radio wave rotates relative to the XY plane, so the vertical part is absorbed by the heating wire 2, while the horizontal part is hardly absorbed by the heating wire 2 and passes through. Therefore, in the case of a circularly polarized radio wave, the electric field of the radio wave propagating to the outside of the vehicle window glass 1 is reduced to some extent.

[0027] As mentioned above, the horizontally polarized wave ( Figure 2 (B)) is hardly absorbed by the heating line 2 and passes through, while the vertically polarized wave is absorbed by the heating line 2 in a large proportion and has a very low transmittance. In addition, the circularly polarized wave is absorbed by the heating line 2 to some extent, so the transmittance is lower than that of the horizontally polarized wave.

[0028] However, generally speaking, the radio waves transmitted or received by the communicator mounted on the vehicle are mostly vertically polarized waves. Generally, the radio waves transmitted or received by the communicator mounted on the vehicle are sometimes circularly polarized waves, but are rarely horizontally polarized waves.

[0029] The radio waves sent and received by the communicator 20 provided on the vehicle 10 equipped with the vehicle window glass 100 of the present embodiment can be vertically polarized waves or circularly polarized waves. Hereinafter, as an example, a method of sending and receiving vertically polarized radio waves by the communicator 20 will be described. The vehicle window glass 100 that can simultaneously achieve good radio wave transmittance and uniform heat distribution will be described below.

[0030] Figure 3 In the following figures, Figure 2 Similarly, an orthogonal coordinate system, namely an XYZ coordinate system, is used. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction respectively represent the direction parallel to the X-axis, the direction parallel to the Y-axis, and the direction parallel to the Z-axis. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other. The XY plane, the YZ plane, and the ZX plane respectively represent the imaginary plane parallel to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the imaginary plane parallel to the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the imaginary plane parallel to the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction. The top view refers to the XY plane view.

[0031] In the present embodiment, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction respectively represent the left-right direction (lateral direction) of the vehicle window glass 100, the up-down direction (longitudinal direction) of the vehicle window glass 100, and the direction (normal direction) perpendicular to the surface of the vehicle window glass 100. The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

[0032] <Overall Structure of Vehicle Window Glass 100> Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle window glass 100 from a top view. The vehicle window glass 100 includes a laminated glass 110, an upper bus bar 120T, a lower bus bar 120B, a lead bus bar 120L, and a heater wire 130. There are two each of the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, and the lead bus bar 120L. The heater wire 130 is an example of a heating unit, and can function as a de-icer that effectively melts ice or snow attached to the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 100. The current value flowing through the heater wire 130 used as a de-icer can be higher than the current value flowing through the conductor that functions as the heater wire 130 as a defogger that removes fog (water droplets) attached to the surface of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0033] Figure 3 The vehicle window glass 100 is shown as viewed from the outside of the vehicle cabin of the vehicle body 11 . Figure 3In FIG. 1 , the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, the lead bus bar 120L and the heating line 130 are shown in a transparent manner. Figure 3 2 shows a communicator 20 in addition to the vehicle window glass 100. The communicator 20 is provided at a center portion in the left-right direction above the instrument panel 12 of the vehicle window glass 100 in a plan view. Figure 3 The radio wave propagation area 21A shown in FIG. Figure 1B The portion where the radio wave propagation region 21A in FIG. 8 intersects with the vehicle window glass 100 represents a transmission region where the radio waves are transmitted through the vehicle window glass 100 .

[0034] The following description assumes that the laminated glass 110 has a first area A1 and a second area A2. The first area A1 is the area where the communicator 20 is located in the width direction of the vehicle body 11. Figure 3 In the example, the second area A2 is an area where the radio wave propagation area 21A (transmission area) exists in the X direction of the laminated glass 110. The second area A2 is an area other than the first area A1 in the X direction of the laminated glass 110. Hereinafter, as an example, a state in which the first area A1 is located in the center in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 and two second areas A2 are located on both sides of the first area A1 will be described, but the first area A1 may also be located at the ends in the width direction of the vehicle body 11. In this case, the second area A2 may be one.

[0035] Figure 4 It is shown Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a cross section of a vehicle window glass 100 taken along the line AA. Figure 4 In addition to the vehicle window glass 100, a window frame 11A of the vehicle body 11 is shown. The window frame 11A is formed in a flange shape along the outer edge of the vehicle window glass 100. The outer edge of the vehicle window glass 100 is the edge of the outer side of the vehicle window glass 100 in a plan view. The outer edge of the vehicle window glass 100 is the outer edge of the laminated glass 110.

[0036] Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the X-axis direction is the left-right direction of the vehicle 10, and the Y-axis direction is the up-down direction of the vehicle window glass 100. When the vehicle window glass 100 is mounted on the window frame 11A formed on the vehicle body 11, the +Z-axis direction side of the vehicle window glass 100 is the outside of the vehicle compartment of the vehicle body 11, and the -Z-axis direction side of the vehicle window glass 100 is the inside of the vehicle compartment of the vehicle body 11.

[0037] <Laminated glass 110> The laminated glass 110 includes a glass plate 111, a glass plate 112, an intermediate film 113, and a ceramic layer 114. Figure 4The glass plate 111 provided on the outside of the vehicle body 11 and the glass plate 112 provided on the inside of the vehicle body 11 are bonded together via an intermediate film 113 disposed between the glass plates 111 and 112. In addition, a ceramic layer 114 is provided on the main surface 111B on the inside of the vehicle body 111 and the main surface 112B on the inside of the vehicle body 112. In addition, an upper bus bar 120T, a lower bus bar 120B, a lead bus bar 120L and a heating wire 130 are provided on the main surface 112B on the inside of the vehicle body 112. The ceramic layer 114 is an example of a shielding layer. The shapes of the two ceramic layers 114 in a top view are the same as an example.

[0038] <Glass Plates 111 and 112> The glass plate 111 is an example of a first glass plate, and the glass plate 112 is an example of a second glass plate. The laminated glass 110 is bonded to the window frame of the vehicle body 11 by an adhesive such as a polyurethane resin. In addition, here, the vehicle window glass 100 is described as a windshield (front window glass) installed at the front of the vehicle 10, but the laminated glass 110 can also be installed on the door of the vehicle 10 and be arranged to be slidable relative to the vehicle body 11.

[0039] The glass plates 111 and 112 are transparent plate-shaped glass plates. The glass plate 111 has a main surface 111A on the outside of the vehicle compartment and a main surface 111B on the inside of the vehicle compartment. The main surface 111A is an example of a first main surface, and the main surface 111B on the inside of the vehicle compartment is an example of a second main surface. The glass plate 112 has a main surface 112A on the outside of the vehicle compartment and a main surface 112B on the inside of the vehicle compartment. The main surface 112A is an example of a third main surface, and the main surface 112B on the inside of the vehicle compartment is an example of a fourth main surface.

[0040] The glass plates 111 and 112 may be inorganic glass or organic glass. As inorganic glass, for example, soda-lime glass, aluminum silicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, etc. may be used without particular limitation. Among them, soda-lime glass is particularly preferred from the perspective of manufacturing cost and formability. The forming method of the glass plates 111 and 112 is not particularly limited. For example, in the case of inorganic glass, a glass plate formed by a float process or the like is preferred.

[0041] When the glass plates 111 and 112 are inorganic glass, the glass plates 111 and 112 may be either unstrengthened glass or strengthened glass. Unstrengthened glass is glass formed by slowly cooling molten glass into a plate shape. Strengthened glass is glass having a compressive stress layer formed on the surface of unstrengthened glass, and may be either air-cooled strengthened glass or chemically strengthened glass.

[0042] In the case where the tempered glass is physically tempered glass (e.g., air-cooled tempered glass), the glass surface can be strengthened by generating a compressive stress layer on the glass surface by a temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass, by a process other than slow cooling such as rapidly cooling the glass sheet uniformly heated during bending from a temperature near the softening point. In the case where the tempered glass is chemically tempered glass, the glass surface can be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface by an ion exchange method or the like after bending. In addition, as the glass sheets 111 and 112, ultraviolet or infrared absorbing glass can be used. The glass sheets 111 and 112 are preferably transparent, but may be colored to such an extent that transparency is not impaired.

[0043] The laminated glass 110 may be in a curved shape that bulges outward from the vehicle compartment when installed on the vehicle 10. The laminated glass 110 may have a single curved shape that is bent in only one direction, or may have a double curved shape that is bent in two directions (e.g., the up-down direction when the laminated glass 110 is installed on the vehicle 10 and the left-right direction that is orthogonal to the up-down direction). The laminated glass 110 may be bent by gravity forming, pressure forming, or roll forming. When the laminated glass 110 is bent to a predetermined curvature, the curvature radius of the laminated glass 110 may be greater than 1000 mm and less than 100000 mm.

[0044] In addition, when the laminated glass 110 is installed on the vehicle 10, the thickness of the glass plate 111 located on the outside of the vehicle compartment may be the same as or different from the thickness of the glass plate 112 located on the inside of the vehicle compartment. The thickness of the glass plate 111 is preferably 1.0 mm or more and 3.0 mm or less. If the thickness of the glass plate 111 is 1.0 mm or more, the strength of the flying stone resistance performance and the like is sufficient, and if it is 3.0 mm or less, the mass of the laminated glass 110 will not become too large, which is preferred from the perspective of fuel consumption of the vehicle 10. The thickness of the glass plate 112 is preferably 0.3 mm or more and 2.3 mm or less. If the thickness of the glass plate 112 is 0.3 mm or more, the operability is good, and if it is 2.3 mm or less, the mass will not become too large. If the thickness of the glass plates 111 and 112 is 1.8 mm or less, respectively, it is preferred because the lightweight and sound insulation of the laminated glass 110 can be achieved at the same time. When the thickness of the glass plate 112 is 1.0 mm or less, the glass plate 112 may be chemically strengthened glass. When the glass plate 112 is chemically strengthened glass, the compressive stress value of the glass surface is preferably 300 MPa or more, and the depth of the compressive stress layer is preferably 2 μm or more.

[0045] When the glass plates 111 and 112 are organic glass, examples of the material of the organic glass include transparent resins such as polycarbonate and acrylic resins (for example, polymethyl methacrylate).

[0046] <Intermediate film 113> The intermediate film 113 has dielectric properties, such as Figure 4 The figure shows a transparent or semi-transparent dielectric between glass plates 111 and 112. Glass plates 111 and 112 are joined via an intermediate film 113. As a material of the intermediate film 113, for example, thermoplastic polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), etc. can be cited. The intermediate film 113 can be transparent or colored. In addition, the intermediate film 113 can be composed of two or more layers of film.

[0047] The upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, and the lead bus bar 120L are provided at the portion where the ceramic layer 114 exists in a plan view, and therefore the intermediate film 113 is provided at the following portion.

[0048] As an example, the intermediate film 113 is disposed between the glass plates 111 and 112 in a portion where the ceramic layer 114 , the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, the lead bus bar 120L, and the heater line 130 are not present in a plan view.

[0049] In addition, the intermediate film 113 is disposed, as an example, between the glass plate 111 and the heater wire 130 in a portion where the ceramic layer 114 is not present but the heater wire 130 is present in a plan view.

[0050] In addition, the intermediate film 113 is disposed, as an example, between the ceramic layer 114 and the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, or the lead bus bar 120L in a portion where the ceramic layer 114 and the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, or the lead bus bar 120L exist in a plan view.

[0051] In addition, the intermediate film 113 is disposed, as an example, between the glass plate 111 and the heater wire 130 in a portion where the ceramic layer 114 and the heater wire 130 are present in a plan view.

[0052] In addition, the intermediate film 113 is disposed, as an example, between the ceramic layer 114 and the glass plate 112 in a portion where the ceramic layer 114 exists but the upper bus bar 120T, the lower bus bar 120B, the lead bus bar 120L, and the heater line 130 are not in a plan view.

[0053] <Ceramic Layer 114> The ceramic layer 114 is, for example, a fired body of a dark ceramic paste, and is formed by applying a ceramic color paste containing a fusible glass material containing a black pigment and firing it. The ceramic layer 114 is formed to prevent the adhesive from being degraded by ultraviolet rays when the vehicle window glass 100 is bonded to the vehicle 10, and to prevent the connection portion between the vehicle window glass 100 and the vehicle body 11 from being visible from the outside of the vehicle 10 so as to improve the appearance. The ceramic layer 114 is provided at the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 110 in a top view. The peripheral portion of the laminated glass 110 is a circumferential portion of the laminated glass 110 that is slightly inside the outer edge of the laminated glass 110 in a top view and along the outer edge. The peripheral portion of the laminated glass 110 is the peripheral portion of the glass plates 111 and 112, and the outer edge of the laminated glass 110 is the outer edge of the glass plates 111 and 112.

[0054] The ceramic layer 114 is provided layer by layer on the periphery of the main surfaces 111B and 112B on the inner side of the vehicle compartment of the glass plates 111 and 112. As an example, the ceramic layer 114 provided on the glass plate 111 and the ceramic layer 114 provided on the glass plate 112 have the same shape in a plan view and the same position in a plan view. In addition, the ceramic layer 114 may be provided only on the main surface 111B on the inner side of the vehicle compartment of the glass plate 111, or may be provided only on the main surface 112B on the inner side of the vehicle compartment of the glass plate 112.

[0055] <Upper bus bar 120T> The upper bus bar 120T is a bus bar extending along the upper side of the laminated glass 110. The upper side of the laminated glass 110 corresponds to the side extending along the X-axis direction on the +Y-axis direction side of the outer edge of the laminated glass 110. In a top view, the upper bus bar 120T is provided between the glass plates 111 and 112 in the area overlapping the ceramic layer 114. The upper bus bar 120T is provided along the upper side of the laminated glass 110 across the first area A1 and the second area A2 in the X-axis direction.

[0056] The upper bus bar 120T is divided into left and right parts at the center in the X-axis direction of the vehicle window glass 100. The left end of the upper bus bar 120T on the left side is connected to the lead bus bar 120L provided on the left side of the vehicle window glass 100. The right end of the upper bus bar 120T on the right side is connected to the lead bus bar 120L provided on the right side of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0057] In addition, the upper bus bar 120T may not be divided into left and right sides at the center of the vehicle window glass 100 in the X-axis direction, but may be a single upper bus bar 120T extending between the left end side and the right end side of the vehicle window glass 100. In this case, one lead bus bar 120L may be connected to either end of the single upper bus bar 120T.

[0058] <Lower bus bar 120B> The lower bus bar 120B is a bus bar extending along the lower side of the laminated glass 110. The lower side of the laminated glass 110 corresponds to the side extending along the X-axis direction on the -Y-axis direction side of the outer edge of the laminated glass 110. In a top view, the lower bus bar 120B is provided between the glass plates 111 and 112 in the area overlapping the ceramic layer 114. The lower bus bar 120B is provided along the lower side of the laminated glass 110 across the first area A1 and the second area A2 in the X-axis direction.

[0059] The lower bus bar 120B is divided into left and right parts at the center in the X-axis direction of the vehicle window glass 100. The left and right lower bus bars 120B are respectively connected to positive (+) terminals 121P. The terminal 121P is exposed from the side of the intermediate film 113 to the outside of the laminated glass 110, and is connected to the positive terminal of a power source such as a battery of the vehicle 10 through a switch or the like.

[0060] The lower bus bar 120B may not be divided into left and right sides at the center of the vehicle window glass 100 in the X-axis direction, but may be a single lower bus bar 120B extending between the left and right ends of the vehicle window glass 100. In this case, one lower bus bar 120B may be connected to one terminal 121P.

[0061] <Lead bus bar 120L> The lead busbars 120L are provided one each on the +X axis direction side (left side) and the -X axis direction side (right side) of the outer edge of the vehicle window glass 100, and connect the two upper busbars 120T divided left and right by the center in the X axis direction of the vehicle window glass 100. The two lead busbars 120L extend to the lower side of the vehicle window glass 100, and the ends of the lower side are connected to the negative (-) terminal 121M. The terminal 121M is exposed from the side surface of the intermediate film 113 to the outside of the laminated glass 110, and is connected to the negative terminal of a power source such as a battery of the vehicle 10 through a switch or the like.

[0062] <Heating wire 130> The heating line 130 includes a first heating line 131 and a second heating line 132. The first heating line 131 and the second heating line 132 are connected to the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B, and extend between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B in the Y-axis direction.

[0063] The first heating wire 131 and the second heating wire 132 are, for example, round wires, and are, for example, made of tungsten wires. The first heating wire 131 and the second heating wire 132 are bent into a sine wave shape relative to the Y-axis direction in the XY plane and extend along the Y-axis direction. However, since the swing width corresponding to the amplitude of the sine wave is very small, Figure 3 Displayed as a straight line.

[0064] A plurality of first heating wires 131 are provided in the first area A1, connected between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B. The first spacing of the first heating wires 131 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 is wider than the second spacing of the second heating wires 132 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11. As an example, the first spacing of the first heating wires 131 is preferably 3 mm to 8 mm, and more preferably 3.5 mm to 5 mm. The second spacing of the second heating wires 132 is 2 mm as an example. In addition, the spacing between adjacent first heating wires 131 is preferably equal between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B.

[0065] The first area A1 is an area where the communicator 20 exists, and is an area where the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 pass through the vehicle window glass 100. Therefore, by making the first spacing of the first heating wires 131 wider than the second spacing of the second heating wires 132, a structure is achieved in which the radio waves of the vertically polarized waves are not easily absorbed by the first heating wires 131. By providing the first heating wires 131 in the first area A1 in this way, the transmittance of the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 in the vehicle window glass 100 is improved.

[0066] In addition, the first heating wire 131 is thicker than the second heating wire 132. As an example, the thickness of the first heating wire 131 is preferably not less than 0.025 mm and not more than 0.03 mm. The thickness of the second heating wire 132 is preferably not less than 0.02 mm and not more than 0.025 mm. Since the first spacing of the first heating wires 131 in the first area A1 in the X-axis direction is wider than the second spacing of the second heating wires 132 in the second area A2 in the X-axis direction, in order to obtain the same heat distribution as in the second area A2, the first heating wire 131 is made thicker than the second heating wire 132. Heat distribution means both the height of the heat generation temperature itself and the planar distribution of the heat generation area.

[0067] By making it easier for current to flow in the first heating wire 131 than in the second heating wire 132, the heat generation of each of the first heating wires 131 is greater than that of each of the second heating wires 132, so that the heat generation distribution of the laminated glass 110 in the first area A1 is made the same as the heat generation distribution of the laminated glass 110 in the second area A2. In this way, it is ensured that the first area A1 is fully functional as a de-icer that effectively melts ice or snow attached to the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 100, or as a defogger that removes fog (water droplets) attached to the surface of the vehicle window glass 100.

[0068] In addition, the first heating wire 131 is described here as being thicker than the second heating wire 132. However, even if the first heating wire 131 and the second heating wire 132 are equal in thickness, the first heating wire 131 and the second heating wire 132 may be equal in thickness if the first area A1 can fully function as a deicer or a defogger.

[0069] A plurality of second heating wires 132 are provided in the second area A2 and connected between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B. The second spacing of the second heating wires 132 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 is 2 mm as an example. Figure 2 (A)~ Figure 2 (C)) is the same as the heating wire 2, ensuring that the de-icer 132 can fully function as a de-icer that effectively melts ice or snow attached to the outer surface of the vehicle window glass 100, or as a defogger that removes fog (water droplets) attached to the surface of the vehicle window glass 100 in the second area A2. In addition, the spacing between adjacent second heating wires 132 is preferably equal between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B. In addition, the spacing between adjacent first heating wires 131 and second heating wires 132 can be equal to the spacing between adjacent first heating wires 131, and adjacent second heating wires 132 can also be equal to each other.

[0070] The first heating wire 131 and the second heating wire 132 are connected to the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B, so the amount of electricity supplied is equal. Since the first heating wire 131 is thicker than the second heating wire 132, the current flowing through the first heating wire 131 is greater than the current flowing through the second heating wire 132, and therefore the heat generated by each of the first heating wires 131 is greater than the heat generated by each of the second heating wires 132.

[0071] In this way, the heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2 can be made the same, and by making the first pitch of the first heating wires 131 wider than the second pitch of the second heating wires 132, the transmittance of the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 in the first area A1 can be improved.

[0072] <Simulation results of transmitted power> Figure 5: is a diagram showing an example of simulation results regarding the transmission power. As an example, under the conditions that the thickness of the first heating wire 131 is set to 0.025 mm, the thickness of the second heating wire 132 is set to 0.02 mm, and the second spacing of the second heating wire 132 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 is set to 2 mm, the simulation is performed by setting the first spacing of the first heating wire 131 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 to 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm. In addition, the result when the first spacing is 2 mm is a reference result because the first spacing is equal to the second spacing.

[0073] Figure 5 In FIG. 1 , the horizontal axis represents frequency (GHz) and the vertical axis represents radio wave transmittance (dB). The radio wave transmittance is represented by the relative value of the power of the radio wave transmitted through the vehicle window glass 100 (transmitted power) to the transmission power of the communicator 20 .

[0074] The simulation was performed by setting the first pitch to 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm. The results showed that the transmittance was the same for any first pitch when the frequency was above 7 GHz, and the transmission power was almost not reduced relative to the transmission power.

[0075] Under the condition of 6 GHz frequency, the transmission power of the first spacing of 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm is improved compared with the transmission power of the first spacing of 2 mm. Therefore, in the 5.9 GHz or 5.8 GHz band that can be used for V2X, sufficient transmission power can be obtained when the first spacing is above 4 mm.

[0076] Furthermore, even at a frequency of 6 GHz or less, the transmission power at first pitches of 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm is improved relative to the transmission power at first pitch of 2 mm, showing a tendency that the larger the first pitch, the smaller the reduction in transmission power.

[0077] In addition, it is known that when the first spacing is 6 mm or 8 mm, the transmittance of the radio wave is good, but the heat distribution is reduced. Therefore, the frequency of the radio wave sent or received by the communicator 20 is preferably below 6 GHz, and the first spacing is preferably below 4 mm. From this point of view, in the simulation of the heat amount described below, the spacing between the heating wires in the X-axis direction is set to 2.5 mm and 3.6 mm.

[0078] <Simulation results of heat generation> Since the heat generation is proportional to the density of the electric power supplied to the heating wires of the laminated glass, the heat generation tendency of the simulated laminated glass was analyzed by calculating the average power density of the heating wires (hereinafter referred to as the average power density).

[0079] The simulated laminated glass is a laminated glass in which all the heating wires 130 in the first area A1 and the second area A2 of the laminated glass 110 of the embodiment are spaced uniformly in the X-axis direction. The average power density of three simulated laminated glasses with different heating wire thickness and spacing was calculated. The three simulated laminated glasses are as follows.

[0080] The first laminated glass has a heating line pitch of 2.5 mm in the X-axis direction and a heating line thickness of 0.025 mm (25 μm). The first laminated glass corresponds to the laminated glass of the second region A2 of the laminated glass 110 of the embodiment as a whole.

[0081] The pitch of the heating wires of the second laminated glass in the X-axis direction is 3.6 mm, and the thickness of the heating wires is 0.025 mm (25 μm). That is, the second laminated glass is a glass obtained by widening the pitch of the heating wires of the first laminated glass in the X-axis direction.

[0082] The heating wires of the third laminated glass have a pitch of 3.6 mm in the X-axis direction and a thickness of 0.03 mm (30 μm). That is, the third laminated glass is a laminated glass obtained by thickening the heating wires of the second laminated glass. The third laminated glass is equivalent to the laminated glass of the first region A1 of the laminated glass 110 of the embodiment as a whole.

[0083] The average power density of the heater wires in the left and right halves of the three types of simulated laminated glass was calculated, and the following results were obtained. The left half of the laminated glass is a portion where the heater wires are provided on the +X direction side relative to the center of the width of the laminated glass in the X-axis direction. The right half of the laminated glass is a portion where the heater wires are provided on the -X direction side relative to the center of the width of the laminated glass in the X-axis direction.

[0084] The average power density of the heating wire of the first laminated glass is 650 (W / m 2 ), the right half is 662 (W / m 2 The average power density of the heating line of the second laminated glass is 469 (W / m 2 ), the right half is 470(W / m 2 ). Compared with the first laminated glass, the average power density of the second laminated glass having a structure in which the thickness of the heating wires is not changed but the spacing in the X-axis direction is widened is reduced by about 30% compared with the average power density of the heating wires of the first laminated glass.

[0085] The average power density of the heating wire of the third laminated glass is 630 (W / m 2 ), the right half is 641(W / m 2). Compared with the first laminated glass, the average power density of the third laminated glass having a structure in which the heating lines are thickened and the spacing in the X-axis direction is widened is about 3% lower than the average power density of the heating lines of the first laminated glass, but it can be said that a roughly equivalent value is obtained.

[0086] The structure in the first region A1 of the laminated glass 110 of the vehicle window glass 100 of the embodiment corresponds to the third laminated glass for simulation, and the structure in the second region A2 corresponds to the first laminated glass for simulation.

[0087] Therefore, it can be confirmed that the laminated glass 110 of the vehicle window glass 100 of the embodiment can also obtain the same average power density as the first laminated glass used in the simulation in the first area A1. In other words, it can be confirmed that the laminated glass 110 of the vehicle window glass 100 of the embodiment can simultaneously achieve good transmittance of radio waves and heat distribution in the first area A1 where the communicator 20 is located in the width direction of the vehicle body 11.

[0088] <Effect> The vehicle window glass 100 includes a laminated glass 110, an upper bus bar 120T, a lower bus bar 120B, and a heating wire 130. The laminated glass 110 is provided at an opening of a vehicle body 11, and includes a glass plate 111 having a main surface 111A and a main surface 111B, a glass plate 112 having a main surface 112A and a main surface 112B, and an intermediate film provided between the main surface 111B and the main surface 112A. The upper bus bar 120T is provided between the main surface 111B and the main surface 112A along the upper side of the laminated glass 110. The lower bus bar 120B is provided between the main surface 111B and the main surface 112A along the lower side of the laminated glass 110. The heating wire 130 is provided between the main surface 111B and the main surface 112A and connected between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B. The laminated glass 110 has a first area A1 where the communicator 20 is located and a second area A2 outside the first area A1 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11. The heating wire 130 has a first heating wire 131 arranged in the first area A1 and connected between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B, and a second heating wire 132 arranged in the second area A2 and connected between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B. The first spacing of the first heating wire 131 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11 is wider than the second spacing of the second heating wire 132 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11.

[0089] Therefore, good radio wave transmittance can be ensured in the first area A1, and uniform heat generation distribution can be obtained in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0090] Therefore, it is possible to provide the vehicle window glass 100 which can achieve both good radio wave transmittance and uniform heat generation distribution.

[0091] In addition, since the first heating wire 131 is thicker than the second heating wire 132, more current flows through the first heating wire 131. Therefore, good radio wave transmittance can be ensured in the first area A1, and more uniform heat distribution can be obtained in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0092] In addition, since the first area A1 is located in the center or end part in the width direction of the vehicle body 11, corresponding to the structure in which the communicator 20 is configured in the center or end part in the width direction of the vehicle body 11, good radio wave transmittance in the first area A1 and uniform heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2 can be simultaneously achieved.

[0093] In addition, since the first spacing and the second spacing are constant between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B, good radio wave transmittance between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B in the first area A1 can be ensured, and equal heat distribution can be obtained in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0094] In addition, since the frequency of the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 is below 6 GHz and the first spacing is below 4 mm, for radio waves below 6 GHz, the first heating wire 131 with a first spacing of less than 4 mm can ensure good radio wave transmittance in the first area A1 and obtain equal heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0095] In addition, since the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 are vertically polarized waves or circularly polarized waves, the radio wave transmittance can be reliably improved by widening the first spacing of the first heating wire 131 extending along the up and down direction (Y-axis direction) between the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B.

[0096] <First Modification> Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle window glass 100M1 of a first modified example of the embodiment in a top view. The vehicle window glass 100M1 includes a laminated glass 110, an upper bus bar 120TC, an upper bus bar 120TS, a lower bus bar 120BC, a lower bus bar 120BS, a lead bus bar 120L, a lead bus bar 120LC, and a heating wire 130M1. The upper bus bar 120TC is an example of a first upper bus bar, and the upper bus bar 120TS is an example of a second upper bus bar. The lower bus bar 120BC is an example of a first lower bus bar, and the lower bus bar 120BS is an example of a second lower bus bar.

[0097] The vehicle window glass 100M1 has the following structure: an upper bus bar 120TS and a lower bus bar 120BS corresponding to the upper bus bar 120T and the lower bus bar 120B of the vehicle window glass 100 are respectively arranged in the two second areas A2, and an upper bus bar 120TC and a lower bus bar 120BC are added in the first area A1. That is, the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar are divided in the first area A1 and the second area A2. The upper bus bar 120TC is connected to the lead bus bar 120LC.

[0098] In addition, the heating wire 130M1 includes a first heating wire 131M1 disposed in the first area A1 and a second heating wire 132 disposed in the second area A2. The first heating wire 131M1 and the second heating wire 132 have the same thickness. Figure 3 The first spacing of the first heating lines 131 in the X-axis direction is equal, so the first spacing of the first heating lines 131M1 in the X-axis direction is wider than the second spacing of the second heating lines 132 in the X-axis direction. Figure 3 The second heater line 132 shown is identical.

[0099] The lead bus bar 120LC is provided at the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 110, as an example, on the +Y axis side of the upper bus bar 120TS on the -X axis side and on the -X axis side of the lead bus bar 120L. The lead bus bar 120LC is connected to a negative (-) terminal 121MC. The terminal 121MC is provided, as an example, at an end portion near the corner portion on the -X axis side and the -Y axis side of the laminated glass 110. In addition, the lower bus bar 120BC is connected to a positive (+) terminal 121PC. The terminal 121PC is located at the center portion of the laminated glass 110 in the x-axis direction and at the end portion on the -Y axis side. The terminals 121PC and 121MC are exposed from the side of the intermediate film 113 to the outside of the laminated glass 110, and are respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a power source such as a battery of the vehicle 10 through a switch or the like.

[0100] In the vehicle window glass 100M1, the DC power supplied between the terminals 121PC and 121MC is greater than the DC power supplied between the terminals 121P and 121M. More specifically, the voltage value of the DC power supplied between the terminals 121PC and 121MC is higher than the voltage value of the DC power supplied between the terminals 121P and 121M. Therefore, the power supplied to the first heating wire 131M1 in the first area A1 is greater than the power supplied to the second heating wire 132 in the second area A2, and the current flowing through the first heating wire 131M1 is greater than the current flowing through the second heating wire 132.

[0101] By making the current flowing through the first heating wire 131M1 greater than the current flowing through the second heating wire 132, the heat generated by each first heating wire 131M1 is greater than the heat generated by each second heating wire 132, so that the heat distribution of the laminated glass 110 in the first area A1 can be made the same as the heat distribution of the laminated glass 110 in the second area A2.

[0102] By adopting such a structure of the vehicle window glass 100M1, the heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2 can be made the same, and by making the first spacing of the first heating wires 131M1 wider than the second spacing of the second heating wires 132, the transmittance of the radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 in the first area A1 can be improved.

[0103] As described above, in the vehicle window glass 100M1, the upper bus bar 120T has the upper bus bar 120TC located in the first area A1 and the upper bus bar 120TS located in the second area A2. Furthermore, the lower bus bar 120B has the lower bus bar 120BC located in the first area A1 and the lower bus bar 120BS located in the second area A2. Furthermore, the first heating line 131M1 is connected between the upper bus bar 120TC and the lower bus bar 120BC, and the second heating line 132 is connected between the upper bus bar 120TS and the lower bus bar 120BS, and the power supplied to the first heating line 131M1 via the upper bus bar 120TC and the lower bus bar 120BC is greater than the power supplied to the second heating line 132 via the upper bus bar 120TS and the lower bus bar 120BS.

[0104] Therefore, the current flowing through the first heating wire 131 is greater than the current flowing through the second heating wire 132, which can make the first heating wire 131M1 generate more heat than the second heating wire 132, thereby ensuring good radio wave transmittance in the first area A1 and obtaining a more equal heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0105] Therefore, it is possible to provide the vehicle window glass 100M1 which can achieve both good radio wave transmittance and more uniform heat distribution.

[0106] In addition, as described above, the power supplied to the first heating wire 131M1 in the first area A1 may be greater than the power supplied to the second heating wire 132 in the second area A2, and the first heating wire 131M1 may be thicker than the second heating wire 132. By thickening the first heating wire 131M1 in the first area A1, current flows more easily to the first heating wire 131M1, and the power supplied to the first heating wire 131M1 may be reduced compared to the case where the first heating wire 131M1 and the second heating wire 132 have the same thickness. Furthermore, the first spacing of the first heating wire 131M1 in the X-axis direction may be further widened.

[0107] <Second Modification> Figure 7 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a vehicle window glass 100M2 according to a second modified example of the embodiment in a top view. The vehicle window glass 100M2 includes a laminated glass 110M, an upper bus bar 120TM, a lower bus bar 120B, a lead bus bar 120L, and a heating wire 130M2. The portion of the upper bus bar 120TM located in the first area A1 is an example of the first portion, and the portion located in the second area A2 is an example of the second portion.

[0108] In order to avoid the camera 30, the shape of the ceramic layer 114M of the laminated glass 110M in a top view is different from that of the Figure 3 The camera 30 is installed as an example on the inner side of the vehicle compartment above the vehicle window glass 100M2. More specifically, it replaces Figure 1A The communication device 20 shown in the figure can be installed inside the vehicle compartment above the vehicle window glass 100. The camera 30 is installed on the vehicle 10 to capture images in front of the vehicle 10 and, for example, to obtain images for an ADAS (Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems) of the vehicle 10.

[0109] The ceramic layer 114M has a convex portion 114MA in the central portion in the left-right direction of the upper portion of the laminated glass 110M. The convex portion 114MA protrudes from the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 110 to the bottom of the vehicle window glass 100M2 in the first area A1, and is provided in a portion that surrounds the camera 30 in a top view. An opening portion 114MB located in front of the camera 30 is provided in the convex portion 114MA. The opening portion 114MB is a portion where the ceramic layer 114M is not formed, and is a portion included in the camera field of view of the camera 30. The camera field of view of the camera 30 is a range in which the camera 30 can acquire an image.

[0110] The camera 30 is mounted on the laminated glass 110M by fixing the bracket or the like to the main surface 112B on the inner side of the vehicle compartment of the glass plate 112 by an adhesive or the like while being fixed to the resin bracket or the like. The camera 30 is mounted on the laminated glass 110M in such a manner that the lens is directed toward the front of the vehicle body 11 through the opening 114MB. In addition, the bracket or the like has a hole for ventilation, and the internal space of the bracket or the like can be connected to the inner space of the vehicle compartment of the vehicle 10.

[0111] In the vehicle window glass 100M2 including such a laminated glass 110M, the radio wave propagation region 21A is located below the convex portion 114MA of the ceramic layer 114M.

[0112] The upper bus bar 120TM is bent into a crank shape along the convex portion 114MA of the ceramic layer 114M. More specifically, the upper bus bar 120TM extends along the upper side of the laminated glass 110M in the second area A2 in the X-axis direction, and is bent into a crank shape along the convex portion 114MA of the ceramic layer 114M in the first area A1. Figure 7 The lower bus bar 120B is shown with Figure 3 The lower bus bar 120B shown is identical.

[0113] Therefore, the length between the upper bus bar 120TM and the lower bus bar 120B in the first area A1 in the Y-axis direction is shorter than the length between the upper bus bar 120TM and the lower bus bar 120B in the second area A2 in the Y-axis direction.

[0114] The heating line 130M2 includes a first heating line 131M2 and a second heating line 132. The second heating line 132 and Figure 3 The first heating line 131M2 has the same thickness as the second heating line 132 so as to be Figure 3 The first heating lines 131 shown are arranged at a first pitch equal to the first pitch in the X-axis direction. The length of the first heating line 131M2 in the Y-axis direction is shorter than the length of the second heating line 132 in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the resistance value between the two ends of the first heating line 131M2 is lower than the resistance value between the two ends of the second heating line 132.

[0115] Since the first heating wire 131M2 and the second heating wire 132 are connected between the upper bus bar 120TM and the lower bus bar 120B, the amount of power supplied is equal. Since the first heating wire 131M2 is shorter than the second heating wire 132 and has a lower resistance value, the current flowing through the first heating wire 131M2 is greater than the current flowing through the second heating wire 132. As a result, the heat generated by each of the first heating wires 131M2 is greater than the heat generated by each of the second heating wires 132.

[0116] In this way, the heat distribution in the first area A1 and the second area A2 can be made the same, and by making the first spacing of the first heating wires 131M2 wider than the second spacing of the second heating wires 132, the transmittance of radio waves sent or received by the communicator 20 in the first area A1 can be improved.

[0117] As described above, in the vehicle window glass 100M2, the first area A1 is located in the center of the width direction of the vehicle body 11, and the second area A2 is located on both sides of the first area A1 in the width direction of the vehicle body 11. In addition, the upper bus bar 120TM has a first portion located in the first area A1 and two second portions located in the second areas A2 located on both sides of the first area A1. In addition, the upper bus bar 120TM is bent into a crank shape between the first portion and the two second portions, and the first portion is located on the lower side of the laminated glass 110 relative to the upper side of the laminated glass 110 than the two second portions.

[0118] Therefore, the distance between the upper bus bar 120TM and the lower bus bar 120B in the first area A1 is shorter than the distance between the upper bus bar 120TM and the lower bus bar 120B in the second area A2. That is, since the first heating line 131M2 is shorter and has a lower resistance value than the second heating line 132, more current flows through the first heating line 131M2. Therefore, good radio wave transmittance in the first area A1 can be ensured, and more equal heat distribution can be obtained in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0119] Therefore, it is possible to provide a vehicle window glass 100M2 that can simultaneously achieve good radio wave transmittance and more uniform heat distribution.

[0120] In addition, the first heating wire 131M2 may be made thicker than the second heating wire 132. When the first heating wire 131M2 in the first area A1 becomes thicker, the resistance value of the first heating wire 131M2 is further reduced, so that the current flows more easily, and the heat generated by each first heating wire 131M2 can be increased compared with the case where the thickness of the first heating wire 131M2 and the second heating wire 132 are equal. Therefore, for example, the first spacing of the first heating wire 131M2 in the X-axis direction can be further widened.

[0121] In addition, the upper bus bar 120TM bent into a crank shape along the convex portion 114MA of the ceramic layer 114M may be replaced in the following manner. Like the two upper bus bars 120TS and one upper bus bar 120TC in the first variant, the upper bus bar is divided in the first area A1 and the second area A2. In order to avoid the convex portion 114MA of the ceramic layer 114M, the upper bus bar 120TC in the first area A1 may be arranged closer to the -Y axis direction than the upper bus bar 120TS in the second area A2. In this case, for the lower side, it is sufficient to set the lower bus bar 120BC in the first area A1 and the lower bus bar 120BS in the second area A2. Moreover, it is sufficient to make the power supplied between the upper bus bar 120TC and the lower bus bar 120BC in the first area A1 greater than the power supplied between the upper bus bar 120TS and the lower bus bar 120BS in the second area A2. In this case, the first heating wire 131M2 in the first area A1 and the second heating wire 132 in the second area A2 may have the same thickness. Since the first heating wire 131M2 in the first area A1 is shorter and has a lower resistance value than the second heating wire 132 in the second area A2, the first spacing of the first heating wire 131M2 in the X-axis direction can be further widened. In addition, if the first heating wire 131M2 is made thicker than the second heating wire 132, the first spacing of the first heating wire 131M2 in the X-axis direction can be further widened.

[0122] In this case, since the upper bus bar 120TC is located closer to the lower side of the laminated glass 110 than the upper bus bar 120TS relative to the upper side of the laminated glass 110, the distance between the upper bus bar 120TC and the lower bus bar 120BC in the first area A1 is shorter than the distance between the upper bus bar 120TS and the lower bus bar 120BS in the second area A2. That is, since the first heating line 131M1 is shorter than the second heating line 132 and has a lower resistance value, more current flows through the first heating line 131M1. Therefore, good radio wave transmittance can be ensured in the first area A1, and more equal heat distribution can be obtained in the first area A1 and the second area A2.

[0123] Therefore, it is possible to provide the vehicle window glass 100M1 which can achieve both good radio wave transmittance and more uniform heat distribution.

[0124] As mentioned above, although the exemplary vehicle window glass of the present disclosure is described, the present disclosure is not limited to the specifically disclosed embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0125] In addition, the present international application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-144492 filed on September 12, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Explanation of symbols

[0126] 10 Vehicles 11 Car body 11A Window frame 12 Instrument panel 20 Communicator (an example of communication department) 21A Radio wave propagation area 100, 100M1, 100M2 Vehicle window glass 110, 110M Laminated glass 111 Glass plate (an example of the first glass plate) 111A Main surface (an example of the first main surface) 111B Main surface (an example of the second main surface) 112 Glass plate (an example of the second glass plate) 112A Main surface (an example of the third main surface) 112B Main surface (an example of the fourth main surface) 113 Intermediate Film 114,114M ceramic layer 114MA convex part 114MB opening 120T, 120TM upper bus bar 120TC upper bus bar (an example of the first upper bus bar) 120TS upper bus bar (an example of the second upper bus bar) 120B lower bus bar 120BC lower bus bar (an example of the first lower bus bar) 120BS lower bus bar (an example of the second lower bus bar) 120L, 120LC lead bus bar lead bus bar 130,130M1,130M2 heating wire 131,131M1,131M2 first heating line 132 second heating line.

Claims

1. A vehicle window glass comprising: a laminated glass provided in an opening of a vehicle body, an upper bus bar, a lower bus bar, and a heating unit, The laminated glass comprises: a first glass plate having a first main surface and a second main surface, a second glass plate having a third main surface and a fourth main surface, and an intermediate film provided between the second main surface and the third main surface. The upper bus bar is provided between the second main surface and the third main surface along the upper side of the laminated glass. The lower bus bar is disposed between the second main surface and the third main surface along the lower side of the laminated glass. The heating unit is provided between the second main surface and the third main surface and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar. The laminated glass includes a first region in the width direction of the vehicle body where the communication portion is located and a second region other than the first region. The heating portion includes a first heating line disposed in the first area and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar, and a second heating line disposed in the second area and connected between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar, wherein a first spacing of the first heating line in the width direction of the vehicle body is wider than a second spacing of the second heating line in the width direction of the vehicle body.

2. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1, wherein: The first heating wire is thicker than the second heating wire.

3. The vehicle window glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first region is located at a center portion or an end portion in the width direction of the vehicle body.

4. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The upper bus bar includes a first upper bus bar located in the first area and a second upper bus bar located in the second area. The lower bus bar includes a first lower bus bar located in the first region and a second lower bus bar located in the second region. The first heating line is connected between the first upper bus bar and the first lower bus bar, The second heating line is connected between the second upper bus bar and the second lower bus bar. Power supplied to the first heating line via the first upper bus bar and the first lower bus bar is greater than power supplied to the second heating line via the second upper bus bar and the second lower bus bar.

5. The vehicle window glass according to claim 4, wherein: The first upper bus bar is located closer to the lower side of the laminated glass than the second upper bus bar is located with respect to the upper side of the laminated glass.

6. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The first region is located in the center of the vehicle body in the width direction. The second area is located on both sides of the first area in the width direction of the vehicle body, The upper bus bar has a first portion located in the first region and two second portions located in the second regions on both sides of the first region. The upper bus bar is bent into a crank shape between the first portion and the two second portions, and the first portion is located closer to the lower side of the laminated glass than the two second portions with respect to the upper side of the laminated glass.

7. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The first spacing and the second spacing are constant between the upper bus bar and the lower bus bar.

8. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The frequency of the radio wave transmitted or received by the communication unit is a frequency in the 6 GHz band or a frequency below 6 GHz, The first spacing is less than 4 mm.

9. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The radio waves transmitted or received by the communication unit are vertically polarized waves or circularly polarized waves.

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