Axial magnetic flux electric tractor

Abstract

The invention relates to an axial flux motor (10) rotating about an axis of rotation (X), comprising: at least one rotationally movable monopole rotor (11) having p poles and comprising: an annular disc (15) having an axis of symmetry coincident with the axis of rotation (X), p / 2 upper columns (16) and p / 2 lower columns (17), p being an even number, the upper columns (16) being radially farther from the axis of rotation (X) than the lower columns (17), the lower columns (17) and the upper columns (16) alternating circumferentially, at least one concentric rotor winding (20) mounted radially between the upper post (16) and the lower post (17), the upper post (16) and the lower post (17) not axially facing the rotor winding (20), the upper post (16) and the lower post (17) being polarizable under the action of a rotor current (Ir) flowing in the rotor winding (20), thereby forming p poles of the rotor (11), and at least one rotationally fixed stator (12) comprising at least one stator coil (30), characterized in that the rotor winding (20) is rotationally fixed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an axial flux rotary electric traction machine for a motor vehicle. The invention can be used particularly advantageously for driving low-power electric vehicles, in particular in the range between 4 kW and 5 kW. Thus, the invention can be implemented particularly advantageously in low-power four-wheel electric vehicles (mini cars), two-wheel vehicles such as motorcycles or heavy all-terrain vehicles (ATVs). The invention is also suitable for powers from 100 kW to 400 kW at high voltages, for example greater than 400 volts. Background Art

[0002] Almost all known systems for electric vehicle traction are based on AC motors, either synchronous AC motors with permanent magnets or asynchronous AC motors.

[0003] Electric vehicle drive systems based on brushed DC motors or separately excited DC motors are also known. The control of the motor consists mainly in regulating the power on the armature (the traditional mode of controlling the speed of a brushed DC motor), supplemented by varying the continuous flux on the field winding. Since this control is smooth, amateur drivers often find it confusing and even uncomfortable to control.

[0004] JP 2019 129638A, CN 105 356 701B and CN 202 856 578U disclose axial flux motor armatures comprising a multi-phase AC power winding in which an electromechanical energy conversion takes place.

[0005] The prior art also discloses axial flux machines whose field windings and armatures face each other in the axial direction, as described in French application 1750497 filed on January 17, 2017. These axial flux machines have the advantage of being axially compact. In this configuration, as Figure 1 As shown, the known rotor may be of claw-type unipolar type. The rotor 11 described here has a single rotating rotor winding 12, regardless of the number of poles p of the rotor. The claws forming each pole p of the rotor are divided into two groups of different polarities: a first group and a second group. The two groups alternate in the circumferential direction.

[0006] Figure 1 The rotor 11 in the embodiment comprises an annular disk 13 from which claws extend.

[0007] Each jaw of the first set, also referred to as first jaw 14, has a first axial base 15 extending from the inner periphery of the disc and a first jaw tip extending radially outwards.

[0008] Each jaw of the second set, also referred to as second jaw 18, has a second axial base 19 extending from the outer periphery of the disc and a second jaw tip 20 having a radially inward extension.

[0009] The rotating rotor winding 12 is mounted axially between the disc 13 and the claw tips 15 , 20 , and radially between the first base 15 and the second base 19 .

[0010] The claws are polarized by the current flowing in the rotor winding 12 , thereby forming p poles of the rotor.

[0011] However, this rotor structure with rotating rotor winding is complicated to produce and install. The steps of machining the claw tip, installing the rotor winding and installing the claw make this type of field winding expensive.

[0012] Providing power to the spinning rotor windings requires the use of friction components, such as rings and brushes, to deliver power to them. By definition, these friction components wear out and must be replaced. Summary of the invention

[0013] The present invention is particularly intended to effectively overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by proposing an axial flux rotating electrical machine rotating about a rotation axis, characterized in that it comprises:

[0014] At least one rotatably movable homopolar rotor having p poles, comprising:

[0015] an annular disk having an axis of symmetry coinciding with the axis of rotation,

[0016] p / 2 upper columns and p / 2 lower columns, p is an even number, the upper columns are radially farther from the rotation axis than the lower columns, and the lower columns and upper columns are alternated circumferentially,

[0017] at least one concentric rotor winding radially mounted between an upper leg and a lower leg, the upper leg and the lower leg not axially facing the rotor winding, the upper leg and the lower leg being capable of being polarized by a rotor current flowing in the rotor winding to form p poles of the rotor, and

[0018] At least one rotationally fixed stator includes at least one stator coil.

[0019] The machine is notable in that the rotor windings are rotationally fixed.

[0020] The rotor is simpler and cheaper to manufacture and assemble relative to the prior art shown.The assembly consisting of the annular disk and the pillars does not have any undercut areas which would make the manufacture more complicated, in particular requiring machining.

[0021] According to one aspect of the invention, there is no axial interlock between the annular disk and the post on the one hand and between the annular disk and the rotor winding on the other hand.

[0022] Since the rotor winding remains rotationally fixed, no friction components are required to supply it with DC current, greatly simplifying the motor. Supplying power to a rotationally fixed winding is simpler than supplying power to a rotationally movable winding.

[0023] The motor comprises a motor according to Figure 1 Motors having the same rotor exhibit essentially the same performance characteristics.

[0024] The lower and upper columns alternate circumferentially, with the two upper columns being located angularly on either side of the lower column without regard to radial height.

[0025] In the meaning of the present invention, a disk means a circular or non-circular plate. The disk can, for example, have a polygonal contour.

[0026] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor winding faces axially towards the annular disk in one of two axial directions.

[0027] According to one aspect of the invention, when power is supplied to the rotor windings, the columns form the poles of the rotor. Each pole comprises a single column.

[0028] According to one aspect of the invention, the lower post extends from the radially inner periphery of the annular disk.

[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the upper post extends from the radially outer periphery of the annular disk.

[0030] According to one aspect of the invention, the upper and lower columns form a single integral component with the annular disk. This makes it possible to reduce the number of operations during assembly and simplify the process. The annular disk, the upper and lower columns form a one-piece component.

[0031] According to one aspect of the present invention, the upper column and the lower column are trapezoidal. Each upper column and each lower column has a cylindrical radial outer surface. Each upper column and each lower column has a cylindrical radial inner surface.

[0032] According to one aspect of the invention, the upper and lower posts do not protrude radially beyond the annular disk.

[0033] According to one aspect of the invention, all upper legs and all lower legs associated with the rotor windings are located on the same axial side of the annular disk.

[0034] According to one aspect of the invention, at least one of the upper and lower legs may have an insert for housing a magnet. The magnet makes it possible to increase the rotor field strength. The insert may be blind, in particular in radial direction, in particular in axial direction, in particular in axial direction and in axial direction.

[0035] According to one aspect of the invention, all upper posts and all lower posts have magnets.

[0036] According to one aspect of the invention, p ranges between 2 and 32, in particular between 4 and 16. The pole pitch of the rotor is equal to 2*π / p, expressed in radians.

[0037] According to one aspect of the present invention, the lower pillars can all present the same polarity, the upper pillars can all present the same polarity, and the polarity of the upper pillars is opposite to the polarity of the lower pillars.

[0038] All the lower pillars may have the same shape. All the lower pillars may be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0039] According to one aspect of the present invention, each lower column has an outer angular opening. The value of the outer angular opening β1 of the lower column may be between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch).

[0040] According to one aspect of the invention, each lower column has an inner angle opening. The value of the inner angle opening β2 of the lower column can be between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch). For the lower column, the outer angle opening can be greater than or equal to the inner angle opening. The lower column can widen radially outward.

[0041] All the upper pillars may have the same shape. All the upper pillars may be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0042] According to one aspect of the present invention, each upper column has an outer angular opening. The outer angular opening value of the upper column β3 can be between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch).

[0043] According to one aspect of the invention, each upper post has an inner angle opening. The value of the inner angle opening β4 of the upper post can be in the range between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch). For the upper post, the inner angle opening can be greater than or equal to the upper angle opening. The upper post can widen radially inward.

[0044] According to one aspect of the present invention, the annular disk may be hollow.

[0045] According to one aspect of the invention, the annular disk is mounted on the rotor shaft. The annular disk is for example pushed on or shrink-fitted.

[0046] According to one aspect of the invention, the annular disk has an outer radius. The value of the outer radius Rext may be in the range between 10 cm and 40 cm, preferably between 10 cm and 20 cm, in particular 15 cm.

[0047] According to one aspect of the invention, the annular disk has an inner radius. The value of the inner radius Rint may be between 0.1*Rext and 0.75*Rext, in particular between 0.4*Rext and 0.60*Rext, for example 0.5*Rext.

[0048] According to one aspect of the invention, the radially outer surface of the upper post abuts against the radially outer surface of the annular disk.

[0049] According to one aspect of the invention, the radially inner surface of the lower post abuts against the radially inner surface of the annular disk.

[0050] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor axial dimension Lz of the rotor may have a value between 2 cm and 10 cm, in particular between 3 cm and 5 cm, for example 3.6 cm. The annular disk has an axial thickness. The axial thickness of the annular disk ez1 may have a value between 0.25*Lz and 0.4*Lz.

[0051] According to one aspect of the present invention, each upper column and each lower column have an axial dimension. For each upper column and each lower column, the axial dimension can be the same. The value of the axial dimension ez2 can be in the range between 0.5*Lz and 0.75*Lz.

[0052] According to one aspect of the invention, the motor has an upper radial gap of 0.1 mm to 1 mm between the upper leg and the rotor winding.

[0053] According to one aspect of the invention, the motor has a lower radial gap of 0.1 mm to 1 mm between the lower leg and the rotor winding.

[0054] According to one aspect of the invention, the electric machine has an axial gap between the rotor winding and the annular disk. The radial gap may range between 0.1 mm and 1 mm.

[0055] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor winding is mounted on the stator. Thus, the stationary parts of the electric machine are pooled, thereby avoiding the need to provide stationary components dedicated to the rotor winding.

[0056] According to one aspect of the invention, an electric machine comprises a single rotor winding.

[0057] According to one aspect of the invention, an electric machine may include a plurality of rotor windings powered in parallel.

[0058] According to one aspect of the present invention, an electric machine includes a housing, a rotor winding is supported by a rotor disk, and the rotor disk and a stator are fixed to the housing.

[0059] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor disc is a separate part from the stator.The rotor disc may be non-magnetic.

[0060] According to one aspect of the invention, the stator comprises a printed circuit board (PCB).The printed circuit board may comprise at least one PCB layer containing the stator coils.

[0061] According to one aspect of the present invention, a printed circuit board (PCB) may include a plurality of PCB layers.

[0062] According to one aspect of the invention, each PCB layer has a plurality of stator coils. The stator coils may be coplanar and angularly and symmetrically spaced from each other.

[0063] According to one aspect of the invention, each stator coil is continuous and concentric in a single plane from an outermost stator coil portion to a concentric innermost stator coil portion.

[0064] According to one aspect of the invention, stator coils in adjacent PCB layers are circumferentially aligned with each other relative to the axis to define a symmetrical stack of stator coils in the axial direction.

[0065] According to one aspect of the present invention, each stator coil includes a first terminal located at an outer edge of the coil and a second terminal located at a center of the stator coil.

[0066] According to one aspect of the present invention, each stator coil can be directly connected to an adjacent stator coil on the same PCB layer.Each stator coil can be directly connected to a corresponding stator coil on another PCB layer.

[0067] According to one aspect of the invention, each stator coil has only two terminals, and each coil is continuous and uninterrupted between its only two terminals.

[0068] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor winding is fixed to the printed circuit board, for example overmolded onto the printed circuit board.

[0069] According to one aspect of the present invention, a stator includes a plurality of teeth on which stator coils are wound.

[0070] According to one aspect of the present invention, the stator includes a plurality of stator coils, each stator coil being wound around one of the teeth.

[0071] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor winding carries a DC rotor current and the at least one stator coil carries a multi-phase stator current system.

[0072] The rotor current does not change sign and is mainly used to establish the flux level. It should be noted that during normal operation, the rotor winding does not carry a multiphase current system.

[0073] According to one aspect of the invention, the rotor winding is electrically connected to a control device. The control device may include a plurality of controllable switches to continuously vary the current in the winding. The switches may be MOSFETs and / or diodes. The controllable switches may be arranged in an H-bridge.

[0074] According to one aspect of the invention, two stators are located on both axial sides of each rotor.The rotor may include p / 2 upper legs and p / 2 lower legs on each of the two axial sides of the annular disk.

[0075] According to one aspect of the invention, each rotor may be associated with two rotor windings, each rotor winding being associated with one axial side of the annular disk.

[0076] According to one aspect of the invention, each stator is axially flanked by two rotors. The two rotors may be associated with the same stator.

[0077] According to one aspect of the invention, the motor may have a rated mechanical power between 4 kW and 35 kW, such as 4 kW, 8 kW, 15 kW, 25 kW or 35 kW, or the motor may have a rated mechanical power between 40 kW and 400 kW, such as 40 kW, 80 kW, 100 kW, 150 kW, 180 kW, 200 kW, 300 kW or 400 kW.

[0078] The rotating electrical machine may be powered by an electrical energy storage unit via an inverter / rectifier which allows the electrical system of the vehicle to be charged or to be powered by the system, depending on whether the rotating electrical machine is operated as a motor or as a generator.

[0079] The rated voltage of the energy storage unit may be 12V, 48V, or have other values, such as other values ​​greater than 300V.

[0080] The invention also relates to a motor vehicle, characterised in that it comprises a rotating electrical machine as described above for driving said vehicle.

[0081] According to one embodiment, the electric traction machine is mounted on the rear axle between the wheels and the differential of the motor vehicle. In a variant, the electric machine can be mounted directly in the wheels of the vehicle in a "wheel motor" type of mounting.

[0082] According to one aspect of the invention, the motor vehicle may be a vehicle with pure electric traction. According to one aspect of the invention, the vehicle may be a vehicle with hybrid power, ie thermal and electric traction.

[0083] According to one aspect of the invention, the motor vehicle may be an electric utility vehicle or a light truck. Compared with motors according to the prior art, the axial type motor according to the invention is able to obtain a greater specific power and a greater continuous output. The motor is designed to drive a utility vehicle that transports a load and requires continuous power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0084] The invention will be better understood by reading the following description and examining the accompanying drawings, which are provided solely as a complete, non-limiting illustration of the invention.

[0085] Identical, similar or like elements retain the same reference from one figure to another.

[0086] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an example of a rotor according to the prior art.

[0087] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a motor vehicle according to the invention.

[0088] Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of an example of a motor according to the present invention.

[0089] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A perspective view of the rotor of the electric motor.

[0090] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Front view of the rotor and rotor winding.

[0091] Figure 6 is a front view of an example of a stator of a motor according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] Figure 2 A motor vehicle according to an example of the invention is shown, comprising a rotating electric machine 10 according to an example of the invention.

[0093] In the example in question, the motor vehicle is an electric vehicle EV comprising wheels 3 and an electric motor 10. The electric motor is configured to at least indirectly drive at least one of the wheels 3. The vehicle comprises a high-voltage power supply battery B, preferably a rechargeable battery, for providing electrical energy to the machine. Battery B is, for example, a high-voltage power supply battery, in particular greater than 60V. The battery may also be a low-voltage battery, in particular a 48V battery.

[0094] In the example in question, the motor 10 makes it possible to move the vehicle EV alone and is mounted on the rear axle 2 between the rear wheels 3 and the differential. In a variant, the motor 10 can be mounted on the front axle, not shown. In another variant, the motor 10 can be installed in at least one wheel 3. In particular, one motor 10 is used in each rear wheel 3.

[0095] In the example described, the electric machine 10 includes at least one rotor, at least one rotor winding, and at least one stator, which will be described in more detail in conjunction with the following figures.

[0096] In the example described, the stator is supplied via an inverter / rectifier I configured to convert direct current (DC) from a battery B into alternating current (AC) in order to control the motor 10. The stator carries a multi-phase, in particular three-phase, stator current system Is.

[0097] In the example discussed, the rotor winding is also supplied by the battery B via the DC rotor current Ir. The rotor winding is electrically connected to the battery B.

[0098] In the example discussed, the rotor winding is capable of continuously generating a rotor current from zero to a maximum value in order to vary the rotor flux.

[0099] In the example discussed, the rotor current Ir is independent of the stator current is.

[0100] Figure 3 An example of an axial flux electric machine 10 according to the present invention is now described in detail. The electric machine can be installed in Figure 2 The electric machine is an axial flux electric machine rotating about an axis of rotation X.

[0101] In the example in question, the rotor 11 is unipolar, movable in rotation and having p poles. The rotor 11 comprises an annular disk 15 whose axis of symmetry coincides with the axis X.

[0102] In the example in question, the rotor 11 also comprises p / 2 upper posts 16 and p / 2 lower posts 17. The upper posts 16 are radially further from the axis X than the lower posts 17.

[0103] The lower pillars 17 and the upper pillars 16 alternate circumferentially. Two upper pillars 16 are located angularly on the sides of each lower pillar 17, regardless of the radial height.

[0104] p is an even number. p is between two and thirty-two. In this case it is sixteen. The rotor 11 has a pole pitch equal to 2*Pi / p, which for 8 poles is π / 8 radians, or 22.5 degrees.

[0105] In the example in question, the electric machine 10 comprises at least one concentric rotor winding 20 mounted radially between the upper 16 and lower 17 limbs. The upper 16 and lower 17 limbs do not face the rotor winding 20 axially.

[0106] In the example discussed, the upper and lower legs 16 and 17 are polarized by the rotor current Ir flowing in the rotor winding 20, thereby forming sixteen poles of the rotor 11. The lower legs 17 all present the same polarity, and the upper legs 16 all present the same polarity, and the polarity of the upper legs 16 is opposite to the polarity of the lower legs 17.

[0107] Each of the sixteen poles of the motor 10 includes a single leg from the upper leg 16 and the lower leg 17 .

[0108] In the example in question, the rotor winding 20 is rotationally fixed. The rotor winding 20 is supported by a rotor disk 21 which itself is rotationally fixed and is a separate part from the stator.

[0109] In a variant not shown, the rotor winding is mounted on the stator. There is no rotor disk dedicated to fixing the rotor winding.

[0110] In the example discussed, there is a single rotor winding 20 .

[0111] In the example in question, there is no axial interlocking between the annular disk and the pillars on the one hand and between the rotor windings on the other hand. The rotor windings 20 face axially towards the annular disk 15 in one of the two axial directions, namely along the axis X. All the upper pillars 16 and all the lower pillars 17 associated with the rotor windings are on the same axial side of the annular disk 15.

[0112] In the example in question, the lower posts 17 extend from the radially inner periphery 22 of the annular disk 15 and the upper posts 16 extend from the radially outer periphery 23 of the annular disk 15. The upper posts 16 and the lower posts 17 do not protrude radially beyond the annular disk.

[0113] In the example in question, the upper and lower posts 16, 17 are formed integrally with the annular disk 15. Thus, the annular disk 15, the upper and lower posts 16, 17 form a one-piece component.

[0114] In the example discussed, both the upper and lower pillars 16, 17 are trapezoidal. Each upper pillar 16 and each lower pillar 17 has a cylindrical radial outer surface and a cylindrical radial inner surface. The radial outer surface of the upper pillar 16 abuts against the radial outer surface of the annular disk 15, and the radial inner surface of the lower pillar 17 abuts against the radial inner surface of the annular disk 15.

[0115] In the example discussed, all lower posts 17 have the same shape and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each lower post 17 has an outer angular opening β1 with a value between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch), and an inner angular opening β2 with a value between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch). In this case, β1 and β2 are equal.

[0116] In the example discussed, all upper posts 16 have the same shape and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each upper post 16 has an outer angular opening β3 with a value between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch), and an inner angular opening β4 with a value between 0.5*(pole pitch) and 0.95*(pole pitch). In this case, β4 is greater than β2. The upper posts widen radially inwards.

[0117] In the example in question, the annular disk 15 is hollow.The annular disk is mounted on a rotor shaft, not shown, for example by push or shrink fit.

[0118] In the example discussed, the outer radius Rext of the annular disk has a value between 10 cm and 40 cm, preferably between 10 cm and 20 cm, in particular 15 cm, and the inner radius Rint has a value between 0.1*Rext and 0.75*Rext, in particular between 0.4*Rext and 0.60*Rext, for example 0.5*Rext.

[0119] In the example in question, the rotor 11 has an axial rotor dimension of value Lz which may range between 2 cm and 10 cm, in particular between 3 cm and 5 cm, for example 3.6 cm. The annular disk 15 also has an axial thickness ez1 of value between 0.25*Lz and 0.4*Lz.

[0120] In the example in question, each upper stud 16 and each lower stud 17 have the same axial dimension ez2 , whose value is between 0.5*Lz and 0.75*Lz.

[0121] In the example discussed, the electric machine 10 has an upper radial gap 25 between the upper leg 16 and the rotor winding 20 of 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

[0122] In the example discussed, the electric machine 10 has a lower radial gap 26 between the lower leg 17 and the rotor winding 20 of 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

[0123] In the example discussed, the motor has an axial gap of 0.1 mm to 1 mm between the rotor winding and the annular disk.

[0124] In the example discussed, the rotor disk 21 and the stator can be fixed to the housing of the electric machine 10. Figure 6 An example of the stator 12 is described.

[0125] In the example discussed, the stator 12 is rotationally fixed and includes a plurality of stator coils 30 and a printed circuit board or PCB 31. The printed circuit board may include a plurality of PCB layers. Each PCB layer has a plurality of coplanar stator coils 30 spaced apart from each other at an angle and symmetrically.

[0126] In the example discussed, each stator coil 30 is continuous and concentric in a single plane from an outermost stator coil portion to a concentric innermost stator coil portion.

[0127] In the example discussed, the stator coils in adjacent PCB layers are circumferentially aligned with each other relative to the axis to define a symmetrical stack of stator coils in the axial direction.

[0128] In the example discussed, each stator coil 30 is directly connected to an adjacent stator coil on the same PCB layer.

[0129] In an example not shown, the rotor winding 20 may be mounted on the stator 12. The rotor winding may be overmolded or soldered on the printed circuit board 31. In this variant, the electric machine 10 has no rotor disk.

[0130] According to a variant that is not shown, the stator comprises a plurality of coils, each coil being wound around one of the teeth.

[0131] In an example not shown, the machine may comprise a single stator 12 surrounded by two rotors 11 .

[0132] In an example not shown, the motor 10 comprises a plurality of rotors 11, each of which is axially flanked by two stators 12. The rotor 11 may then comprise an upper post 16 and a lower post 17 on each of the two axial sides of the annular disk 15. Each rotor 11 may be associated with two rotor windings 20, each associated with one axial side of the annular disk.

[0133] Of course, the above description is given only by way of example and does not limit the scope of the present invention, nor does it depart from the scope of the present invention by replacing various elements with any other equivalents.

[0134] Identical, similar or like elements retain the same reference from one figure to another.

Claims

1. An axial flux rotating electrical machine (10), rotating about an axis of rotation (X), comprising: At least one rotatably movable monopolar rotor (11) having p poles, comprising: an annular disk (15) having an axis of symmetry coinciding with said axis of rotation (X), p / 2 upper columns (16) and p / 2 lower columns (17), p is an even number, the upper columns (16) are radially farther from the rotation axis (X) than the lower columns (17), and the lower columns (16) and the upper columns (17) are circumferentially alternated, at least one concentric rotor winding (20) radially mounted between the upper column (16) and the lower column (17), the upper column (16) and the lower column (17) not axially facing the rotor winding (20), the upper column (16) and the lower column (17) being capable of being polarized under the action of a rotor current (Ir) flowing in the rotor winding (20), thereby forming p poles of the rotor (11), and at least one rotationally fixed stator (12) comprising at least one stator coil (30), Characterized in that the rotor winding (20) is rotationally fixed.

2. The electric machine (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The lower post (17) extends from a radially inner periphery (22) of the annular disk (15), and the upper post (16) extends from a radially outer periphery (23) of the annular disk (15).

3. The electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the electric motor (10) has an upper radial gap (25) of 0.1 mm to 1 mm between the upper post (16) and the rotor winding (20), and a lower radial gap (26) of 0.1 mm to 1 mm between the lower post (17) and the rotor winding (20).

4. The electric machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The rotor winding (20) is mounted on the stator (12).

5. The electric machine (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The electric machine (10) comprises a housing, the rotor winding (20) is supported by a rotor disk (21), and the rotor disk (21) and the stator (12) are fixed to the housing.

6. The electric machine (10) according to any of the preceding claims, the stator (12) comprising a printed circuit board or PCB (31), the printed circuit board (31) comprising at least one PCB layer, the PCB layer comprising the stator coil (30).

7. The electric machine (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stator comprises a plurality of teeth, and the stator coil is wound around the teeth.

8. A motor (10), characterized in that The rotor winding (20) carries a direct rotor current (Ir), and the at least one stator coil (31) carries a multi-phase current system (Is).

9. A motor vehicle (EV), characterized in that: The motor vehicle comprises an electric machine (10) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims for driving the vehicle.

10. The motor vehicle (EV) according to claim 9, characterized in that The electric motor is mounted on the rear axle (2) between the wheels (3) and the differential of the motor vehicle (25).

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