Preposed pretreatment device for measuring traits of small seeds with flocs and application of preposed pretreatment device to poplar seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a preposed pretreatment device with batt small seed character measurement. The preposed pretreatment device comprises a feeding module, a seed-batt separation module, a seed collection module, a circulating switching structure and a batt treatment mechanism, a discharging hole of the feeding module is connected with a feeding hole of the seed and flocculus separation module; a seed outlet of the seed-flocculate separation module is connected with a seed inlet of the seed collection module; a batting outlet of the seed-batting separation module is connected with a circulating switching structure, and under the action of the circulating switching structure, the batting outlet is connected with a feeding port of the batting treatment mechanism and a feeding port of the seed-batting separation module; the seed-flocculate separation module is a cyclone separator; a port of a tangential feeding pipe at the upper part of the separation barrel is a feeding hole of the seed and flocculus separation module, an opening in the middle of an upper cover at the top of the separation barrel is a fluff outlet, and an opening in the bottom of the separation cone is a seed outlet; guide vanes are connected to the surface of the inner wall of the barrel of the cyclone separator; and each guide vane forms a continuous vortex channel with a helical angle of 25-35 degrees in the cylinder body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technical scheme relates to a pre-pretreatment device for measuring the properties of small seeds with fluff and its application to poplar seeds, belonging to the technical field of seed treatment of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] In breeding and forestry production, seed collection and pretreatment are crucial links, which are directly related to seed quality, breeding efficiency and the success rate of subsequent forestry production. However, traditional seed-flocculation separation methods have many problems, which seriously restrict the efficiency and quality of small seed processing with flocculation.

[0003] Taking poplar seeds as an example, traditional seed-flocculation separation methods mainly include air selection, screening, chemical treatment, mechanical separation, etc. Although they can achieve the separation of seeds and fluff to a certain extent, the separation effect is generally not ideal, resulting in the mixing of seeds and fluff, making it difficult to ensure the purity of seeds, affecting subsequent processing and sowing efficiency. In addition, poplar fluff is easy to float and spread during the separation process, causing environmental pollution and even causing respiratory diseases. More importantly, during multiple separation processes, seeds of different varieties are easily confused, affecting the purity of the seeds and causing great trouble to poplar breeding.

[0004] Therefore, the development of an efficient, clean and accurate poplar seed trait measurement pretreatment method and seed-flocculation separation device is of great practical significance for improving poplar breeding efficiency, ensuring seed quality and reducing environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, this technical solution proposes a pre-seed fluff pretreatment device for measuring poplar seed traits. This device mainly uses a cyclone separator to separate by centrifugal force, uses an airflow circulation device to improve separation efficiency, and uses a poplar fluff scrubber to solve the pollution of ambient air by floating poplar fluff during the separation process. By designing the airflow path, confusion between seeds when separating different varieties can be avoided.

[0006] Specifically:

[0007] A pre-processing device for measuring the properties of small seeds with fluff, comprising a feeding module, a seed-flocculation separation module, a seed collection module, a circulation switching structure and a fluff processing mechanism;

[0008] The discharge port of the feeding module is connected to the feed port of the seed-flocculation separation module through an air suction device; the seed outlet of the seed-flocculation separation module is connected to the seed inlet of the seed collection module; the fluff outlet of the seed-flocculation separation module is connected to a circulation switching structure (a two-way one-way control valve, one end of which is connected to the seed-flocculation separation module and the other end is connected to the fluff processing mechanism), and under the action of the circulation switching structure, the fluff outlet is respectively connected to the feed port of the fluff processing mechanism and the feed port of the seed-flocculation separation module; the feed port of the fluff processing mechanism is connected to an air suction device;

[0009] The seed-flocculation separation module is a cyclone separator, and the cylinder of the cyclone separator is a connected separation cylinder and separation cone from top to bottom; the port of the tangential feed pipe on the upper part of the separation cylinder is the feed port of the seed-flocculation separation module, the middle opening of the upper cover on the top of the separation cylinder is the fluff outlet, and the opening at the bottom of the separation cone is the seed outlet;

[0010] Guide vanes are connected to the inner wall surface of the cylinder of the cyclone separator; there are multiple groups of guide vanes, and the guide vanes in the same group are on the same vertical plane; each group of guide vanes is evenly arranged around the axis of the cyclone separator; each guide vane is composed of multiple pairs of guide vanes vertically connected to the same petiole, the spacing between adjacent guide vanes is the same, and each petiole points obliquely downward to the axis of the cyclone separator; each guide vane forms a continuous vortex channel with a helical angle of 25° to 35° inside the cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, each component structure of the front seed and floc pretreatment device is connected to the same support structure.

[0012] Specifically, the fluff outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to a fluff collecting telescopic module; the fluff collecting telescopic module is composed of a bottom opening of an electric telescopic tube connected to a duckbill-shaped fluff collecting tube; a suction port of the duckbill-shaped fluff collecting tube has a plurality of fluff inlet holes; the outer edge of the electric telescopic tube is in close contact with the fluff outlet of the cyclone separator, and the top opening of the electric telescopic tube constitutes the fluff outlet; the electric telescopic tube is telescopically extended into the cylinder of the cyclone separator along the axis of the cyclone separator; the position range of the suction port of the duckbill-shaped fluff collecting tube is at least 50 mm below the top of the separation cylinder to the bottom of the separation cylinder.

[0013] Specifically, the circulation switching structure includes: an actuator, a valve seat and a reversing valve core; the valve seat is a flat plate structure, and there is a gap in the flat plate structure; the reversing valve core is a flat plate structure; the reversing valve core is driven by the actuator to be inserted or pulled out from one end of the gap, and the reversing valve core is tightly matched with the gap; two through holes are opened on the valve seat, which are the return port and the floc collecting port; a through port is opened on the reversing valve core; as the reversing valve core is inserted or pulled out, the through port is aligned with the return port or the floc collecting port; then the states are: the return port is through, the floc collecting port is through, and the return port and the floc collecting port are both closed; the fluff outlet is connected to the inlet of a three-way pipe, the two outlets of the three-way pipe are respectively connected to the two holes on the bottom surface of the valve seat, and the two holes on the top surface of the valve seat are respectively connected to the return pipe and the floc collecting pipe, that is, the return port and the floc collecting port are respectively connected to the return pipe and the floc collecting pipe; the return pipe leads to the feed port of the seed floc separation module, and the floc collecting pipe leads to the feed port of the floc processing mechanism.

[0014] Specifically, the seed collection module includes an upper and lower sieve body; the first sieve body is on the upper side, and it is equipped with a first layer of sieve, which is a coarse sieve; the second sieve body is on the lower side, and it is equipped with a second layer of sieve, which is a fine sieve; the two sieve bodies are detachably connected, and the first sieve body is detachably connected to the seed outlet; both layers of sieves are connected to a vibration device.

[0015] Specifically, the cavity of the lint handling mechanism is cylindrical and connected to a cone; an air outlet pipe is opened at the conical top of the cavity; an annular water spray pipe is connected to the conical inner wall of the cavity, the annular water spray pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly distributed at the lower part of the annular water spray pipe; the feed port of the lint handling mechanism is on the cylindrical side wall of the cavity; the end of the inclined head partition is connected in the cavity above the feed port, the front end of the partition is inclined downward and below the lower edge of the feed port, and baffles are connected on the left and right sides of the partition, and these three plates surround the outer edge of the feed port; the lower part of the cylindrical side wall of the cavity is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is below the feed port; the spray grid plate and the wet filter plate are connected in sequence from top to bottom in the cylindrical cavity, and the wet filter plate is above the feed port.

[0016] Specifically, the suction device connected to the discharge port of the feeding module is a turbine fan, called a separation turbine fan; the suction device connected to the feed port of the fluff processing mechanism is a turbine fan, called a separation turbine fan and a fluff collection turbine fan.

[0017] Specifically, the cyclone separator is a split cyclone separator, which includes: an upper cover, a separation cylinder and a lower conical collecting hopper (i.e., a separation cone) that are detachably connected in sequence (by screws); the inner walls of the separation cylinder and the separation cone are connected to the guide blades (array); the seed outlet at the bottom of the conical collecting hopper is connected to the seed collection module through a threaded interface structure; and the cyclone separator cylinder has an adjustable structure with a height to diameter ratio of 2.5 to 4:1 (the separation cylinder can adopt a detachably connected multi-section cylinder structure, and the height of the separation cylinder can be adjusted by the number of sections, thereby changing the height / diameter ratio).

[0018] Specifically, the feeding module includes a barrel; the barrel is a porous cylindrical structure with multiple air flow holes (with a pore size of 1±0.1 mm) evenly distributed circumferentially; the discharge port end of the barrel is connected to a flexible feeding pipe, and the flexible feeding pipe is equipped with an adjustable air suction port, which is vertically fixed to the barrel cover through a universal joint, and the universal joint has multi-angle adjustment and horizontal displacement functions.

[0019] The application of a pre-processing device for measuring the properties of small seeds with fluff in poplar seeds:

[0020] In the cyclone separator, the downward inclination angle of the petiole is 70°±5°; there are 8 groups of guide blades, each group has 11 guide blades equidistantly distributed from top to bottom; the ends of the guide blades in the same group are connected to the same guide blade fixing frame, and the guide blade fixing frame is installed on the inner wall of the cyclone separator; the head end of each guide blade is at the same distance from the axis of the separation cylinder.

[0021] In the seed collection module, the first layer of screen is a coarse screen with a pore size of 9±0.5mm, and the second layer of screen is a fine screen with a pore size of 1±0.2mm.

[0022] The main steps of the pre-processing device include:

[0023] 1) In the preparation stage, remove impurities in the device;

[0024] 2) Fixing the seed-flocculation combination and starting the separation module;

[0025] 3) The seeds are separated from the impurities by the centrifugal force of the cyclone separator, and the seed flocs that are not completely separated are separated again through the circulation pipeline;

[0026] 4) The poplar fluff is sent to the poplar fluff washer for treatment through the fluff collecting turbine fan to avoid environmental pollution;

[0027] 5) Turn off the device, collect the seeds, weigh them and calculate the separation efficiency. This device adopts a circular separation mechanism to improve efficiency, and the poplar fluff washer solves the poplar fluff pollution, taking into account both efficiency and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (side and rear perspective);

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding module.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the separation module;

[0032] Figure 5(a) to Figure 5(c) They are schematic diagrams of the component structures of the separation module;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control valve;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the telescopic mechanism;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the seed collection module (exploded view);

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the sieve structure;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a poplar fluff processing (washing) mechanism;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a poplar fluff scrubber.

[0039] In the figure: barrel 1, hose feeding pipe 2, feeding pipe 3, feeding pipe 4, telescopic mechanism 5, pneumatic control valve 6, cyclone separator 7, poplar fluff washer 8, seed collecting device 9, return pipe 10, separation turbine fan 11, three-way pipe 12, fluff collecting pipe 13, motor bracket I 14 (for fixing separation turbine fan 11), fluff collecting turbine fan 15, motor bracket II 16 (for fixing fluff collecting turbine fan 15), and fluff inlet pipe 17;

[0040] Air flow holes 101, a pair of lifting handles 102, a barrel cover 103, and a barrel support 104;

[0041] Telescopic tube assembly 501, stepping motor 502, fluff inlet hole 503, fluff suction duckbill 504;

[0042] Pneumatic actuator 601, flocculent collecting port 602, valve seat 603, reflux port 604, reversing valve core 605, control valve body bracket 606;

[0043] Separation cone frame 701, separation cone 702, separation cylinder 703, tangential feed pipe 704, upper cover 705, cover cap 706, guide vane 707, guide vane fixing frame 708, separation cylinder fixing frame 709;

[0044] The floccules discharge pipe 801, the washer bracket 802, the air outlet pipe 803, the water inlet pipe 804, the washer support plate 805, the inclined head partition plate 806, the limit block 807, the nozzle 809, the annular water spray pipe 810, the wet filter plate 811, the pipe opening of the floccules inlet pipe 812, and the water outlet pipe 813;

[0045] Collection bin bracket 901, second layer of sieve 902, second hexagonal locking nut 903, first sieve body 904, first layer of sieve 905, first hexagonal locking nut 906, first vibration motor 907, second vibration motor 908, second sieve body 909, spring fixer 910, spring protection plate 911, spring 912, collection bin bracket 913.

[0046] FIG12( a ) is a streamline diagram of the cyclone separator when it is working;

[0047] FIG12( b ) is a diagram showing the trajectory of particle 1 moving in the cyclone separator;

[0048] FIG12( c ) is a diagram showing the trajectory of particle 2 moving in the cyclone separator;

[0049] FIG12( d ) is a streamline diagram of particles when the turbine blower is working;

[0050] FIG12( e ) is a diagram showing the trajectories of particles being sucked into the turbine blower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with a specific use process.

[0052] Overview:

[0053] The pretreatment device of the present invention comprises a feeding module, a seed-flocculation separation module, a flocculation collection and expansion module, a seed collection module, a circulation switching structure, and a flocculation treatment mechanism.

[0054] The feeding module is connected to the separation turbine fan through a hose feeding pipe; the seed-flocculation separation module is provided with guide blades inside, and a duckbill-shaped fluff collection telescopic module is provided in the center of the cyclone chamber; the seed collection module includes two upper and lower screen bodies, which are connected by bolts and have a screen inside to screen seeds through spring vibration; the circulation switching structure is a two-way one-way control valve, one end of which is connected to the return pipe and the other end is connected to the fluff collection pipe; the fluff processing mechanism is connected to the circulation switching structure through the fluff collection turbine fan.

[0055] Feeding module: The barrel is a porous cylindrical structure with air flow holes of 1±0.1mm evenly distributed around the circumference, and the flexible hose feeding pipe is equipped with an adjustable air suction port. The flexible feeding pipe is equipped with an adjustable air suction port, which is vertically fixed to the barrel end cover through a universal joint and has multi-angle adjustment and horizontal displacement functions.

[0056] Seed-flocculation separation module: A split cyclone separator is used, which includes a separation cylinder top cover connected by screws, a middle separation cylinder and a lower conical collecting hopper. The inner wall of the separation cylinder is provided with a guide blade array, and the bottom of the conical collecting hopper is connected to the seed collection module through a threaded interface; the cyclone separator cylinder height to diameter ratio is an adjustable structure of 2.5-4:1. The guide blades are composed of 8 groups of blade units with an inclination angle of 70°±5°, each group contains 11 equally spaced guide blades; the blade units are installed on the inner wall of the separation cylinder through a snap-on fixing frame, forming a continuous vortex channel with a helical angle of 25°-35°.

[0057] Duckbill-shaped fluff collection telescopic assembly: The telescopic tube assembly consists of four hollow tubes of the same length and decreasing diameters. The lifting mechanism driven by a stepper motor is connected between the top of the telescopic sleeve and the fluff collection tube. The duckbill-shaped fluff collection tube is set at the bottom of the sleeve and is equipped with a micro-hole array with an aperture of 1±0.05mm. The maximum extension height of the fluff collection telescopic assembly is equal to the height of the cyclone chamber. When in the retracted state, the top of the cyclone chamber is kept at a safe distance of 50mm from the top plate of the cyclone chamber.

[0058] There are two sieve bodies above and below the seed collection module, which are axially fixed by two hexagonal locking nuts. A layer of screen is fixed inside each sieve body, and four spring vibration mechanisms are evenly fixed around the cylindrical body of the sieve body. The first layer of sieve is equipped with a coarse screen with an aperture of 9±0.5mm, which can effectively intercept large particles of impurities such as capsule shells; the second layer of sieve is equipped with a fine screen with an aperture of 1±0.2mm, which can further filter the dust and fine debris remaining in the seeds. The spring vibration mechanism is that the upper end of the spring holder is fixed above the screen, and the bottom end is fixed to the bottom plate of the spring protection plate. The spring protection plate is an L-shaped thin plate welded to the cylindrical part of the sieve body. The spring is fixed on the spring holder and is located below the sieve; four spring vibrations are evenly fixed around the cylinder of the first sieve body and the second sieve body, and the amplitude adjustment range is 1-3mm. In the initial state, the upper and lower four spring vibration devices are cross-distributed.

[0059] The circulation switching structure is located above the seed-flocculation separation device. One end of the reversing valve core is inserted into the valve seat and cooperates with the reflux port and flocculation collection port in the valve seat. The other end is controlled by a pneumatic actuator and connected to the pneumatic actuator through a pin. A reflux port and a flocculation collection port are provided inside the valve seat. The reflux port is connected to the reflux part through a reflux pipe. The valve body integrates the reflux interface and the flocculation collection interface. The inner diameter of the interface is designed to be equal to the diameter of the pipeline.

[0060] There are a floc discharge pipe and a water drain pipe at the bottom of the fluff handling mechanism; there is an air outlet pipe at the top, and a water inlet pipe is fixed on the cone. The water inlet pipe is located on the side, and a floc inlet pipe is provided on the side. One end of the floc inlet pipe is connected to the floc collecting turbine fan through a flange and a pipe, and the other end is connected to the oblique head partition fixed inside the poplar fluff washer. The water inlet pipe is connected to the annular water spray pipe, and eight nozzles are evenly distributed below the annular water spray pipe. The spray grid plate is located below the annular spray pipe and above the wet filter plate, and is fixed in the poplar fluff washer. The detachable wet filter plate is located below the spray grid plate, and the wet filter plate is fixed in the guide bin of the washer through a circle of fixed limit blocks and the slot.

[0061] Combined with the attached drawings, the treatment of poplar seeds is taken as an example for explanation:

[0062] As shown in the attached drawings, the seed fluff pretreatment device of this example includes: a feeding module, a seed fluff separation module, a fluff collection and expansion module, a seed collection module, a circulation switching structure and a poplar fluff processing mechanism.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The feeding module includes: a barrel support 104, a barrel cover 103, a pair of lifting handles 102, a barrel 1, an air flow hole 101, a hose feeding pipe 2, a feeding pipe 3, a separation turbine fan 11, a motor support Ⅰ14, and a feeding pipe 4;

[0064] The barrel is placed above the barrel holder, and the bottom is fixed in the center of the barrel holder. The barrel is cylindrical in shape, and air flow holes with a diameter of 1 mm are evenly distributed around it. The barrel cover is fixed above the cylindrical barrel and located at the top of the barrel. The pair of lifting handles are fixed above the barrel cover by welding. The lifting handles are located on the top of the barrel cover and are distributed in pairs.

[0065] The air intake port of the hose feeding pipe is vertically fixed on the barrel cover and is located in the middle position of the pair of lifting handles. The air outlet of the hose feeding pipe is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding pipe through a clamp, and the other end of the feeding pipe is fixed to the air intake port of the separation turbine fan through a flange connection; the motor part of the separation turbine fan is fixed to the motor bracket I by screws, and the motor bracket I is located below the separation turbine fan and placed on the separation cone frame 701.

[0066] One end of the feed pipe is connected to the air outlet of the separation turbine fan 11 through a flange, and the other end of the feed pipe (the air outlet of the feed pipe) is fixed to the tangential air inlet pipe 704 of the cyclone separator 7 through a clamp, and the middle section of the feed pipe is connected to one end of the return pipe 10.

[0067] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5(a) to Figure 5(c)The seed-flocculation separation module includes a tangential feed pipe 704 , a separation cylinder 703 , a separation cone 702 , an upper cover 705 , a plurality of guide blades 707 , a guide blade fixing frame 708 , a separation cylinder fixing frame 709 , a separation cone frame 701 and a three-way pipe 12 .

[0068] The separation cylinder is located in the middle part of the entire pretreatment device and is supported by a separation cone fixing frame; the upper part is fixed to the upper cover 705 by screws, and the lower part is fixed to the separation cone 702; the upper cover is tangent to the tangential feed pipe 704, the separation cone is located below the separation cylinder, and the lower part of the separation cone is connected to the seed collecting device 9 by threads; the top cap 706 is located in the middle position above the upper cover and is fixed to one end of the three-way pipe 12, and the other two ends of the three-way pipe 12 are respectively connected to the return port 604 and the floc collection port 602 on the valve seat 603;

[0069] The blade fixing frame 708 is located on the inner wall of the separation cone 702 and the separation cylinder 703, and is used to fix eight groups of guide blades. The guide blades are fixed to the inner surface of the separation cone and the separation cylinder through the blade fixing frame. There are eight groups of guide blades in total, and each group contains 11 guide blades. They are installed on the blade fixing frame at a depression angle of 70°, and are tightly fixed to the blade fixing frame through slots, and are evenly installed on the inner wall of the separation cone and the separation cylinder.

[0070] refer to Figure 7 The telescopic tube assembly 501 is composed of an electric telescopic sleeve with a fluff-absorbing duckbill connected to the bottom. In this example, the four hollow tubes of the electric telescopic ceramic tube are of the same length and have decreasing diameters, and each tube slides inside the previous tube; the lower end of the telescopic tube assembly is connected to the fluff-absorbing duckbill 504, and the upper end of the telescopic tube assembly is connected to the fluff-collecting pipe 13 through a stepping motor; the fluff-absorbing duckbill is located below the telescopic tube assembly, and a plurality of fluff-inlet holes 503 are provided at the bottom of the fluff-absorbing duckbill;

[0071] In actual working process, the used flocculation collection telescopic module is located in the center of the cyclone separation chamber as a whole, and the maximum extension height of the telescopic device is equal to the height of the cyclone separation chamber.

[0072] refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , the structure of the seed collecting device is:

[0073] The first screen body 904 is located directly below the separation cone 702 and is fixed to the threaded connection portion below the separation cone 702 through a first hexagonal locking nut 906; a first layer of screen mesh 905 is fixed inside the first screen body 904, and four spring vibration mechanisms are evenly fixed around the cylindrical body of the first screen body 904;

[0074] The second screen body 909 is located below the first screen body and is fixed to the threaded connection portion below the first screen body through the second hexagonal locking nut 903; the bottom of the second screen body is fixed to the collection bin bracket 913, and the second layer of screen 902 is fixed inside, and four spring vibration mechanisms are fixed in the middle of the bottom of the second screen body;

[0075] The first vibration motor 907 and the second vibration motor 908 are fixed on the first layer of the sieve and the second layer of the sieve respectively, and are located in the middle of the sieves; in this example, the sieve holes on the first sieve used are circular sieve holes with a diameter of 9 mm; the sieve holes on the second sieve are circular sieve holes with a diameter of 1 mm.

[0076] refer to Fig. 9 The spring vibration mechanism is composed of a spring 912, a spring holder 910 and a spring protection plate 911. The upper end of the spring holder 910 is fixed above the screen, and the lower end is fixed to the bottom plate of the spring protection plate 911. The spring protection plate 911 is an L-shaped thin plate welded to the cylindrical side wall of the screen body. The spring is fixed on the spring holder and is located below the screen. Four spring vibrators are evenly fixed around the cylinder of the first screen body and the second screen body. In the initial state, the upper and lower four spring vibration devices are cross-distributed (that is, the projections on the bottom surface do not overlap).

[0077] refer to Figure 6 The circulation switching structure includes a reflux port 604, a floc collection port 602, a floc collection pipe I, a control valve body bracket 606, a reversing valve core 605, a valve seat 603, and a pneumatic actuator 601 (which can be a cylinder).

[0078] refer to Figure 4 The circulation switching structure is located above the seed-flocculation separation module (cyclone separator). One end of the reversing valve core 605 is inserted into the valve seat 603, and cooperates with the return port 604 and the floc collection port 602 in the valve seat. The other end is controlled by the pneumatic actuator (the piston rod of the cylinder) and is connected to the pneumatic actuator through a pin. The pneumatic actuator 601 is fixed on the control valve body bracket 606. The return port 604 is connected to the return part (i.e., the feed port of the cyclone separator is returned through the pipeline) through the return pipe 10, and the floc collection port 602 is connected to the floc collection part through the floc collection pipe 13. The other end of the floc collection pipe 13 is connected to the air intake of the floc collection turbine fan 15 through a flange.

[0079] In the initial state, the one-way action of the reversing valve core causes the return port to be closed and the floc collection port to be opened.

[0080] The motor part of the flocculation collecting turbine fan is fixed on the motor bracket II 16 by screws. The motor bracket II 16 is located below the flocculation collecting turbine fan 15 and is placed on the separation cone frame.

[0081] The air outlet of the fluff collecting turbo blower is connected to the fluff inlet pipe 17 of the fluff washer 8 through a pipeline.

[0082] refer to Fig.10 and Fig.11 , the oblique head partition 806 is located inside the poplar fluff washer 8 and fixed above the pipe mouth 812 of the fluff inlet pipe; the poplar fluff washer 8 is fixed on the washer bracket 802, and the poplar fluff washer is provided with a fluff discharge pipe 801 and a water outlet pipe 813 at the bottom; the top of the washer is provided with an air outlet pipe 803, the water inlet pipe 804 is fixed on the washer cone, the water inlet pipe is located on the side of the poplar fluff washer 8, the annular water spray pipe 810 is placed inside the washer and is directly connected to the water inlet pipe, and eight nozzles 809 are evenly distributed below the annular water spray pipe, the spray grid plate 808 is located below the annular spray pipe and above the wet filter plate 811, and is fixed in the poplar fluff washer 8, the wet filter plate 811 cooperates with the card slot through a circle of fixed limit blocks 807, and the wet filter plate is fixed in the guide bin of the washer.

[0083] The working principle of the device is described below by taking the specific operation of the pretreatment device during a seed-flocculation separation process:

[0084] Action 1:

[0085] Connect the water flow to the water inlet pipe 804 of the poplar fluff washer, turn on the separation turbine fan 11 and the fluff collection turbine fan 15, and run them for a period of time (for example, one minute) to remove some impurities and dust in the pretreatment device through the circulation of air flow;

[0086] Turn off the two fans and close the water flow of the water inlet pipe 804;

[0087] Action 2:

[0088] The barrel 1 on the barrel support 104 contains a completely dried poplar seed floc mixture; the hose feeding pipe 2 is connected to the barrel cover 103 to ensure a tight connection;

[0089] Action 3:

[0090] Turn on the first vibration motor 907 and the second vibration motor 908 in the seed collecting device 9 fixed below the separation cone 702;

[0091] Adjust the pneumatic actuator 601 to keep the reflux port 604 in the valve seat 603 open; adjust the telescopic mechanism 5 to a certain height so that it can effectively introduce poplar fluff into the fluff suction duckbill 504; turn on the separation turbine fan 11 to start the separation operation;

[0092] Action 4:

[0093] The poplar seed-flocculation combination passes through the material taking pipe 3 and the separation turbine fan 11, and then enters the cyclone separator 7 through the feed pipe 4. The seed-flocculation combination passes through the separator guide blade 707 and is separated under the action of centrifugal force.

[0094] The seeds pass through the first screen 905 and fall onto the second screen 902 in the seed collecting device 9 below;

[0095] Impurities such as seed coats, dust, etc. that are smaller than seeds pass through the mesh of the second sieve 902 and fall into the bottom of the second sieve body 909;

[0096] The seed-flocculation mixture that is not completely separated will re-enter the cyclone separator 7 through the circulation pipeline (i.e., the return pipe 10) for further separation;

[0097] Action 5:

[0098] After a period of separation (e.g., ten minutes), the water flow of the water inlet pipe 804 is turned on;

[0099] The pneumatic actuator 601 is adjusted to be in the initial position, at which time the lint collecting port 602 is opened;

[0100] Adjust the telescopic mechanism 5, turn on the fluff collecting turbo fan 15, and the separated poplar fluff passes through the fluff inlet hole 503 on the fluff sucking duckbill 504, through the telescopic mechanism 5, and enters the poplar fluff washer 8 for treatment under the action of the fluff collecting turbo fan 15;

[0101] In the poplar fluff washer, water flows into the annular water spray pipe 810 through the water inlet pipe 804, and falls into the bottom of the poplar fluff washer 8 through the spray grid plate 808. The waste water containing poplar fluff is discharged from the drain port 813 of the washer to avoid the impact of poplar fluff on the ambient air.

[0102] Action six:

[0103] After all the poplar fluff in the device is collected, the water flow of the water inlet pipe 804, the separation turbine fan 11, the fluff collection turbine fan 15 and the telescopic device 5 are closed;

[0104] Action 7:

[0105] Remove the seed collecting device 9 from under the separation cone, turn off the vibration motor, and stop the equipment;

[0106] Action 8:

[0107] The capsules and shells on the first layer of sieve 905 are discarded, and the seeds on the second layer of sieve 902 are retained; the seeds on the second layer of sieve 902 are taken off and weighed, and then the second sieve body 909 is inverted to remove dust and other impurities through the second layer of sieve holes 902.

[0108] Action Nine:

[0109] The mass of the seeds separated was recorded, and the efficiency of seed-flocculation separation per kilogram of completely dried poplar capsules was calculated.

[0110]

[0111] Continue the above steps with the completely dried seed-flocculation mixture until all samples have been processed.

[0112] Beneficial effects and principles

[0113] 1) The core of this device for seed-flocculation separation is the use of a cyclone separator, which is equipped with a 70° guide plate designed internally, which guides the airflow to form a stable spiral vortex through an inclined angle. After the seed-flocculation combination enters the cyclone separator driven by a turbine fan, it is separated by centrifugal force;

[0114] Due to their high density and inertia, the seeds are thrown toward the wall of the device and fall along the wall, passing through the screen and entering the seed collection bin; the seed-flocculation combinations and light impurities (such as poplar fluff and seed coat) that are not completely separated rise with the airflow, enter the circulation pipe through the reflux port of the control valve body, and participate in the separation again to ensure efficient utilization.

[0115] In the experiment, the fluid simulation tool Fluent was used to simulate the movement of particles in the turbine fan and cyclone separator when the air flow velocity was 12m / s. Figure 12(a) to Figure 12(e) .

[0116] 2) A two-way valve is provided at the air collecting pipe port above the cyclone separator, which can effectively prevent the backflow of poplar fluff and realize the secondary separation of seed fluff, ensuring the continuity of the separation process and further improving the separation effect.

[0117] 3) The seed collection bin of the device is equipped with a double-layer vibrating screen. For fine particles such as poplar seeds, which are 2.7 mm long, 1.1 mm wide, and 0.4 mm thick, the first layer of screen has a diameter of 9 mm, which can better intercept large particles of impurities such as capsule shells. The second layer of screen has a diameter of 1 mm, which can further filter out dust and fine debris remaining in the seeds, ensuring the purity of the seeds. The screen bodies are fixed by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly, cleaning, or replacement of the screen.

[0118] 4) The 8 evenly distributed nozzles in the poplar fluff washer of the device are placed on the annular water spray pipe. Combined with the spray grid plate, the water flow can evenly cover the surface of the poplar fluff. An inclined head baffle is set above the fluff discharge pipe to force the poplar fluff to flow downward. The poplar fluff is precipitated and collected and discharged in a direction by water flushing, which greatly reduces the pollution of the ambient air by the floating poplar fluff during the seed-flocculation separation process.

[0119] 5) This device mainly uses the centrifugal force of the cyclone separator to separate the seed-flocculation combination, and a turbine fan is provided before and after the cyclone separator, which can quickly clean the device after one separation. During multiple separation processes, it can ensure the accurate separation of a single variety of seeds and avoid confusion between different varieties of seeds.

Claims

1. A pre-processing device for measuring the properties of small seeds with fluff, characterized in that It includes a feeding module, a seed-flocculation separation module, a seed collection module, a circulation switching structure and a fluff processing mechanism; The discharge port of the feeding module is connected to the feed port of the seed-flocculation separation module through an air suction device; The seed outlet of the seed-flocculation separation module is connected to the seed inlet of the seed collection module; The fluff outlet of the seed-flocculation separation module is connected with a circulation switching structure. Under the action of the circulation switching structure, the fluff outlet is respectively connected with the feed inlet of the fluff processing mechanism and the feed inlet of the seed-flocculation separation module; the feed inlet of the fluff processing mechanism is connected with an air suction device; The seed-flocculation separation module is a cyclone separator, and the cylinder of the cyclone separator is a connected separation cylinder and separation cone from top to bottom; the port of the tangential feed pipe on the upper part of the separation cylinder is the feed port of the seed-flocculation separation module, the middle opening of the upper cover on the top of the separation cylinder is the fluff outlet, and the opening at the bottom of the separation cone is the seed outlet; Guide vanes are connected to the inner wall surface of the cylinder of the cyclone separator; there are multiple groups of guide vanes, and the guide vanes in the same group are on the same vertical plane; each group of guide vanes is evenly arranged around the axis of the cyclone separator; each guide vane is composed of multiple pairs of guide vanes vertically connected to the same petiole, the spacing between adjacent guide vanes is the same, and each petiole points obliquely downward to the axis of the cyclone separator; each guide vane forms a continuous vortex channel with a helical angle of 25° to 35° inside the cylinder.

2. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The various component structures of the front seed and floc pretreatment device are connected to the same support structure.

3. The pre-treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cyclone The fluff outlet of the separator is connected to a fluff collecting telescopic module; The fluff collecting telescopic module is composed of an electric telescopic tube with a bottom opening connected to a duckbill-shaped fluff collecting tube; the suction port of the duckbill-shaped fluff collecting tube has a plurality of fluff inlet holes; the outer edge of the electric telescopic tube is in close contact with the fluff outlet of the cyclone separator, and the top opening of the electric telescopic tube constitutes the fluff outlet; The electric telescopic tube can be telescopically extended into the cylinder of the cyclone separator along the axis of the cyclone separator; The suction port of the duckbill-shaped floc collecting tube is positioned from at least 50 mm below the top of the separation cylinder to the bottom of the separation cylinder.

4. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The cyclic switching structure includes: an actuator, a valve seat and a reversing valve core; The valve seat is a flat plate structure with a gap inside; the reversing valve core is a flat plate structure; the reversing valve core is driven by the actuator to be inserted or pulled out from one end of the gap, and the reversing valve core is tightly matched with the gap; There are two through holes on the valve seat, namely the return port and the flocculation collection port; there is a through hole on the reversing valve core; as the reversing valve core is inserted or removed, the through hole is aligned with the return port or the flocculation collection port; the states are: the return port is through, the flocculation collection port is through, and the return port and the flocculation collection port are both closed; The fluff outlet is connected to the inlet of a three-way pipe, the two outlets of the three-way pipe are respectively connected to the two holes on the bottom surface of the valve seat, and the two holes on the top surface of the valve seat are respectively connected to the return pipe and the fluff collecting pipe, that is, the return port and the fluff collecting port are respectively connected to the return pipe and the fluff collecting pipe; The return pipe leads to the feed inlet of the seed-flocculation separation module, and the floc collecting pipe leads to the feed inlet of the floc processing mechanism.

5. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The seed collection module comprises an upper and a lower screen body; the first screen body is on the upper side and is provided with a first layer of screen mesh, which is a coarse screen mesh; the second screen body is on the lower side and is provided with a second layer of screen mesh, which is a fine screen mesh; The two sieve bodies are detachably connected, and the first sieve body is detachably connected to the seed outlet; Both screen layers are connected with vibration devices.

6. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The cavity of the lint treatment mechanism is cylindrical and connected to a cone; An air outlet pipe is provided at the conical top of the cavity; an annular water spray pipe is connected to the conical inner wall of the cavity, the annular water spray pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly distributed at the lower part of the annular water spray pipe; The feed inlet of the lint treatment mechanism is on the cylindrical side wall of the cavity; the end of the inclined head partition is connected in the cavity above the feed inlet, the front end of the partition is inclined downward and below the lower edge of the feed inlet, and baffles are connected on the left and right sides of the partition, and these three plates surround the outer edge of the feed inlet; the lower part of the cylindrical side wall of the cavity is connected to the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is below the feed inlet; The cylindrical cavity is connected with a spray grid plate and a wet filter plate in sequence from top to bottom, and the wet filter plate is above the feed inlet.

7. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is connected The air suction device at the discharge port of the feeding module is a turbine fan, called a separation turbine fan; the air suction device connected to the feed port of the fluff processing mechanism is a turbine fan, called a separation turbine fan and a fluff collection turbine fan.

8. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The cyclone separator is a split cyclone separator, which comprises: an upper cover, a separation cylinder and a lower conical collecting hopper which are detachably connected in sequence; the inner walls of the separation cylinder and the separation cone are connected to the guide vanes; the seed outlet at the bottom of the conical collecting hopper is connected to the seed collecting module through a threaded interface structure; The cyclone separator has an adjustable structure with a ratio of height to diameter of 2.5 to 4:

1.

9. The pre-processing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that The feeding module comprises a barrel; the barrel is a porous cylindrical structure, with a plurality of air flow holes evenly distributed around the circumference; The discharge port of the barrel is connected to a flexible feeding pipe, which is equipped with an adjustable air suction port, which is vertically fixed to the barrel cover through a universal joint. The universal joint has multi-angle adjustment and horizontal displacement functions.

10. Application of a pre-processing device for measuring the properties of small seeds with fluff in poplar seeds, characterized in that In the cyclone separator, the downward inclination angle of the petiole is 70°±5°; there are 8 groups of guide blades, each group has 11 guide blades equidistantly distributed from top to bottom; the ends of the guide blades in the same group are connected to the same guide blade fixing frame, and the guide blade fixing frame is installed on the inner wall of the cyclone separator; the head end of each guide blade is at the same distance from the axis of the separation cylinder. In the seed collection module, the first layer of screen is a coarse screen with a pore size of 9±0.5mm, and the second layer of screen is a fine screen with a pore size of 1±0.2mm.

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