Air suction type precise corn seed sowing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an air suction type corn precision seed sowing device in the field of agricultural machinery equipment, which comprises a shell, a seed sowing unit is arranged in the shell, the seed sowing unit comprises a seed sowing disc, a plurality of holes are uniformly formed in the seed sowing disc at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the circle center of each hole and the seed sowing disc is a preset value; a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, a seed carrying area and a seed throwing area corresponding to the surface position of the seed metering plate are respectively arranged in the shell, a seed cleaning structure is arranged in the shell and is correspondingly arranged at the position of the seed cleaning area, a seed inlet correspondingly communicated with the position of the seed filling area is formed in the shell, and a seed outlet is formed in the shell. The shell is provided with a seed falling opening communicated with the seed throwing area; a seed disturbing boss is arranged between every two adjacent mold holes, and the distance between every two adjacent seed disturbing bosses is a preset value and adapts to the maximum length of corn seeds; the single seed filling rate is greatly improved, the seed filling efficiency is improved, and the reseeding rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in particular to an air-suction type corn precision seeding device. Background Art

[0003] In the prior art, the most common method to improve corn sowing quality and sowing efficiency is to use an air-suction precision seeder. However, when the current air-suction seeder operates at high speed, it is difficult to fill the seed disc due to the high rotation speed of the seed disc, and the missed seeding rate increases, which affects the sowing quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to improve the problem of difficulty in filling seeds and high rate of missed seeding when the existing air-suction precision seeder sows corn.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] The air suction type precision corn seeding device comprises a shell, a seeding unit is arranged in the shell, the seeding unit comprises a seeding disk, the seeding disk is evenly spaced with a plurality of holes along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the center of the holes and the seeding disk is a preset value; a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, a seed carrying area and a seed dropping area corresponding to the surface position of the seeding disk are respectively arranged in the shell, a seed cleaning structure is arranged in the shell, and the seed cleaning structure is arranged correspondingly at the position of the seed cleaning area, a seed inlet connected with the position of the seed filling area is opened in the shell, and a seed dropping port connected with the position of the seed dropping area is arranged in the shell; a seed disturbing boss is arranged between two adjacent holes, and the distance between two adjacent seed disturbing bosses is a preset value and is adapted to the maximum length of corn seeds.

[0007] Furthermore, two groups of mutually symmetrical seeding units are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner part of the shell, and the two groups of the seeding units are sealed and isolated from each other.

[0008] Furthermore, the two seeding discs of the two seeding units are connected in series via a driving shaft, and the two corresponding holes on the two seeding discs are staggered and the radial angle between the two holes is constant.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a Y-shaped seed guide joint, the two inlets of the Y-shaped seed guide joint are respectively connected to the two seed drop ports of the two seed discharge units, and the outlet at the lower part of the Y-shaped seed guide joint is provided with a seed guide tube.

[0010] Furthermore, the seed-disturbing boss is in the shape of a convex strip, and both ends of the seed-disturbing boss in the length direction are arc-shaped surfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the arc surfaces at both ends of the same boss in the length direction have the same bending direction and the same arc radius, the maximum size of the corn seed is preset to be X, the maximum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses is greater than X, and the minimum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses is equal to X.

[0012] Furthermore, a seed blocking plate is provided in the housing at a position corresponding to the seeding area, and the seed blocking plate is used to isolate the seed charging area from the seeding area.

[0013] Furthermore, the fan-shaped angle of the seed filling area corresponding to the seed tray is 125°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed cleaning area corresponding to the seed tray is 70°, and the extension angle of the seed cleaning structure is 70°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed carrying area corresponding to the seed tray is 90°; and the fan-shaped angle of the seed throwing area corresponding to the seed tray is 75°.

[0014] Furthermore, the seed cleaning structure is an arc-shaped seed cleaning knife arranged in the shell, and the seed cleaning knife is provided with a plurality of retaining teeth, and the retaining teeth are used to remove excess corn seeds at the mold hole position.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] By setting the same number of shaped holes and seed-disturbance bosses, it can be ensured that each shaped hole is located between two seed-disturbance bosses, the corn seed filling state can be effectively adjusted and the corn seeds can be limited. Through the supporting effect of the seed-disturbance boss, the seed filling posture is a flat filling type, and one seed occupies one shaped hole position, which greatly improves the single-seed filling rate, improves the filling efficiency, and reduces the reseeding rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the seeding disc of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure chamber of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the seed baffle plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view of the seeding tray of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the seeding disc of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the Y-shaped guide joint of the present invention;

[0027] Marked in the figure are, 1-housing, 2-seed inlet, 3-negative pressure chamber, 4-seed plate, 5-driving shaft, 6-seed cleaning structure, 7-air nozzle, 8-seed drop port, 9-seed disturbance boss, 10-hole, 11-Y-shaped seed guide joint, 12-seed cleaning area, 13-seed filling area, 14-seed dropping area, 15-seed carrying area, 16-seed baffle plate, 91-first boss part, 92-second boss part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the embodiment of the present application proposes an air-suction type corn precision seeding device, including a shell 1, a seeding unit is arranged in the above shell 1, and the above seeding unit includes a seeding disk 4, and the above seeding disk 4 is evenly spaced with a plurality of shaped holes 10 along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the center of the above shaped holes 10 and the above seeding disk 4 is a preset value; the above shell 1 is respectively provided with a seed filling area 13, a seed cleaning area 12, a seed carrying area 15 and a seed throwing area 14 corresponding to the surface position of the above seeding disk 4, a seed cleaning structure 6 is arranged in the above shell 1, and the above seed cleaning structure 6 is correspondingly arranged at the position of the above seed cleaning area 12, the above shell 1 is provided with a seed inlet 2 corresponding to the position of the above seed filling area 13, and the above shell 1 is provided with a seed dropping port 8 connected to the position of the above seed throwing area 14; a seed disturbing boss 9 is arranged between two adjacent shaped holes 10, and the distance between two adjacent seed disturbing bosses 9 is a preset value and is adapted to the maximum length of corn seeds.

[0030] First of all, it should be stated that by setting the same number of shaped holes 10 and seed disturbing bosses 9, it can be ensured that each shaped hole 10 is located between two seed disturbing bosses 9 that can effectively adjust the corn seed filling state and limit the corn seeds, and ensure that each shaped hole 10 is equipped with an auxiliary boss to support the corn seeds, which plays a role in adjusting the seed adsorption posture, further enhancing the single-grain filling effect, and reducing the missed seeding rate and reseeding rate.

[0031] Specifically, the air-suction corn precision seeding device in the present embodiment comprises an outer shell 1 as a whole, an inner cavity is arranged in the above-mentioned outer shell 1, a seeding disk 4 is arranged in the above-mentioned inner cavity, and the seeding disk 4 divides the inner cavity into a seeding cavity and a negative pressure cavity 3. Specifically, the contact positions of the negative pressure cavity 3 and the seeding disk 4 are provided with sealing gaskets adapted to the contour of the negative pressure cavity 3 to ensure air tightness; the shape of the negative pressure cavity 3 is an arc-shaped sealing groove with a base circle formed by a plurality of mold holes 10 as a trajectory. In the present embodiment, the sealing groove corresponds to the positions of the seed filling area 13, the seed cleaning area 12, and the seed carrying area 15, and is disconnected in the seed throwing area 14 to form a blind end, and the outer shell 1 is provided with an air nozzle 7, which is connected to the negative pressure channel, and the air nozzle 7 and the negative pressure cavity 3 are connected by an exhaust device to create a negative pressure environment, thereby providing a negative pressure adsorption force for the position of the mold hole 10.

[0032] In addition, two groups of mutually symmetrical seeding units are respectively arranged on both sides of the inner part of the above-mentioned shell 1, and the two groups of the above-mentioned seeding units are sealed and isolated from each other. Through the two groups of seeding units stacked on each other, sufficient sowing efficiency can be guaranteed through a lower rotation speed in the actual process. Specifically, the overall structure includes the outer shell 1 of the main body, and the seeding units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer shell 1. The two seeding disks 4 of the two above-mentioned seeding units are connected in series through a driving shaft 5, and in order to prevent the seeding disk 4 and the driving shaft 5 from rotating relative to each other, the mounting holes of the driving shaft 5 and the seeding disk 4 are both matching polygons; the two corresponding shaped holes 10 on the two above-mentioned seeding disks 4 are staggered and the radial clamping of the two shaped holes 10 The angle is constant, that is to say, under the driving action of the external driving structure, the two seeding discs 4 rotate synchronously, and the shaped holes 10 on the two seeding discs 4 are evenly staggered, which can ensure that the double discs can stagger the seeds and improve the seeding efficiency. That is to say, the number of shaped holes 10 of the traditional single disc is n, and the total number of shaped holes 10 staggered in the double discs is 2n, and the double discs can complete the sowing conditions that can be achieved at the original high speed of the single disc at a lower speed, and then under the condition of low speed, the missed seeding rate and the reseeding rate can be stably reduced. In this embodiment, the number of shaped holes 10 and the seed disturbing boss 9 on the same seed disturbing disc is 24, and the shaped holes 10 of the two seed disturbing discs are correspondingly staggered, and the staggered angle is 7.5°.

[0033] It also includes a Y-shaped seed guide joint 11, the two inlets of the above-mentioned Y-shaped seed guide joint 11 are respectively connected to the two seed drop ports 8 of the two above-mentioned seeding units, and the outlet at the lower part of the above-mentioned Y-shaped seed guide joint 11 is provided with a seed guide tube, and the two seeding units alternately drop seeds to achieve a stable sowing process.

[0034] With respect to the above-mentioned seed-disturbing boss 9, in order to further ensure the force of the seed-disturbing boss 9 on adjusting the shape of the corn seeds, the seed-disturbing boss 9 is in the shape of a convex strip, and both ends of the above-mentioned seed-disturbing boss 9 in the length direction are arc-shaped surfaces. Under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the two ends of any corn seed abut against the arc-shaped surfaces of the two corresponding adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9. Under the subsequent continuous action of gravity and centrifugal force, the corn seed and the arc-shaped surfaces of the seed-disturbing boss 9 slide relative to each other, thereby gradually adjusting the seed filling posture, so that a single corn seed is in the best adsorption and positioning state. At the same time, the seed-disturbing boss 9 acts on the seeds to disturb the corn seeds accumulated in the seed filling area 13, thereby increasing the flow effect of the seeds around the large hole 10, and synchronously adjusting the seed filling posture of the adsorbed corn seeds, thereby greatly improving the seed filling rate.

[0035] The arc surfaces at both ends of the same seed-disturbing boss 9 in the length direction have the same bending direction and the same arc radius. In this embodiment, the arc radius of the tail of the seed-disturbing boss 9 is consistent with the arc radius of the head, which is 5.5 mm, for convenient standard processing; the maximum size of the corn seeds is preset to be X, and the maximum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 is greater than X. In this embodiment, the maximum length of the corn seeds is X=14 mm after consulting the literature, the maximum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 is 15 mm, and the minimum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 is 14 mm, ensuring that the corn seeds of the largest size can be stably adsorbed and positioned between the corresponding two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9, and the minimum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 is equal to X, so that the corn seeds can be discharged smoothly after entering the seed unloading area.

[0036] In this embodiment, the radius of the base circle formed by the seed-disturbing boss 9 is slightly larger than the radius of the base circle formed by the mold hole 10, and the positional relationship between the adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 and the mold hole 10 is as follows: the angle between the center of the mold hole 10 and the two end points of the seed-disturbing boss 9 close to the side end of the mold hole 10 is 48°, and the angle between the line connecting the end point close to the side end of the mold hole 10 and the circle of the mold hole 10 and the radial direction of the mold hole 10 is 36°, which ensures that the center of gravity of the seed is effectively adsorbed on the center of the mold hole 10, while ensuring that the outer edge of the seed can contact the seed-disturbing boss 9.

[0037] Regarding the design of the size of the seed disturbing boss 9, in the present embodiment, the seed disturbing boss 9 includes a first boss portion 91 and a second boss portion 92 connected to each other, the thickness of the first boss portion 91 is greater than the height of the second boss portion 92, and the length of the first boss portion 91 is less than the length of the second boss portion 92. Specifically, the length of the first boss portion 91 is 2 mm, the height of the first boss portion 91 is 2.5 mm, and the height of the second boss portion 92 is 1.5 mm. Moreover, through such a stepped arrangement, it can adapt to the size of corn seeds, so that the first boss portion 91 of the seed disturbing boss 9 and the stacked corn seeds can stably generate force.

[0038] Specifically, based on the design of this embodiment, the radius of the base circle formed by the mold hole 10 is set to 105mm, and the number of the mold holes 10 is 24. Correspondingly, the number of the seed-disturbing bosses 9 is also 24, and compared with the previous corn size, the distance between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses 9 is 14mm, and then the length of each seed-disturbing boss 9 is calculated to be 12.41mm. Through design, it can be ensured that the position and size relationship of the seed-disturbing boss 9 at the corresponding position of each mold hole 10 corresponds to the size and shape of the corn seeds, thereby ensuring the seed filling rate of the corn seeds.

[0039] Taking into account the increase of seed filling time to improve the seed filling effect, the fan-shaped angle of the seed filling area 13 corresponding to the seed disk 4 is 125°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed cleaning area 12 corresponding to the seed disk 4 is 70°, and the extension angle of the seed cleaning structure 6 is 70°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed carrying area 15 corresponding to the seed disk 4 is 90°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed throwing area 14 corresponding to the seed throwing area 4 is 75°; and a seed blocking plate 16 is provided at a position corresponding to the seed throwing area 14 in the above-mentioned shell 1, and the above-mentioned seed blocking plate 16 is used to isolate the above-mentioned seed filling area 13 and the above-mentioned seed throwing area 14, to ensure that the corn seeds in the seed throwing area 14 lose the negative pressure and fall stably from the seed drop port 8 under the action of the seed's own gravity and centrifugal force, so as to avoid the deviation of the seed drop trajectory and affect the sowing rate.

[0040] The seed cleaning structure 6 specifically includes an arc-shaped seed cleaning knife arranged in the shell 1. The seed cleaning knife is provided with a plurality of retaining teeth. The retaining teeth are used to remove excess corn seeds at the position of the mold hole 10, thereby improving the seed cleaning efficiency.

[0041] The working process of the air suction type corn precision seed metering device in this embodiment is as follows: the seeds fall into the seed filling area 13 through the seed inlet 2 and are piled up to a certain height, the seeding disc 4 rotates at a constant speed under the external driving structure, and the corn seeds are separated from the seed population under the combined action of the disturbance of the seed disturbing boss 9, its own gravity and the negative pressure of the airflow, and are adsorbed on the shaped hole 10, and rotate in the seed filling area 13 with the seeding disc 4. When passing through the seed cleaning area 12, the excess seeds on the shaped hole 10 are cleared under the squeezing force of the seed cleaning structure 6, and only one seed is left in each shaped hole 10, and the cleared seeds fall back to the seed filling area 13 to wait for the next round of seed filling; when passing through the seed carrying area 15, the corn seeds stably filled with seeds on the shaped hole 10 continue to rotate, and when the corn seeds enter the seeding area 14, due to the disappearance of the negative pressure, the seeds fall off from the shaped hole 10, and enter the seed guide tube through the seed dropping port 8 and the Y-shaped seed guide joint 11 in turn, and finally enter the seed ditch to complete the seeding process.

[0042] In summary, the present invention proposes an air-suction corn precision seeding device. Compared with a single-disc air-suction corn seeding device, the number of shaped holes 10 is increased by symmetrically arranging the double disks, the rotation speed of the seeding disk 4 is slower, the seed filling effect is better, the missed seeding rate and the reseeding rate are lower, and the range of the seed filling area 13 is increased by increasing the angle range of the negative pressure chamber 3, the seed filling time is longer, and the sowing quality is better, and an auxiliary boss is arranged near each shaped hole 10 to support corn seeds, which plays a role in adjusting the seed adsorption posture, further enhancing the single-grain seed filling effect, and reducing the missed seeding rate and the reseeding rate.

Claims

1. An air suction type corn precision seeding device, comprising a shell (1), wherein a seeding unit is arranged in the shell (1), wherein the seeding unit comprises a seeding disk (4), wherein the seeding disk (4) is provided with a plurality of holes (10) evenly spaced along the circumferential direction, wherein the spacing between the holes (10) and the center of the seeding disk (4) is a preset value; wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed filling area (13), a seed cleaning area (12), a seed carrying area (15) and a seed dropping area (14) corresponding to the surface position of the seeding disk (4), wherein a seed cleaning structure (6) is arranged in the shell (1), wherein the seed cleaning structure (6) is arranged corresponding to the position of the seed cleaning area (12), wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed inlet (2) corresponding to the position of the seed filling area (13), and wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed dropping port (8) connected to the position of the seed dropping area (14); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed dropping port (8) connected to the position of the seed dropping area (14); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed cleaning structure (6), wherein the seed cleaning structure (6) is arranged corresponding to the position of the seed cleaning area (12); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed inlet (2) corresponding to the position of the seed filling area (13); and wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed dropping port (8) connected to the position of the seed dropping area (14); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed cleaning structure (6), wherein the seed cleaning structure (6) is arranged corresponding to the position of the seed cleaning area (12); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed feeding port (2) corresponding to the position of the seed filling area (13); and wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed dropping port (8) connected to the position of the seed dropping area (14); wherein the shell (1) is provided with a seed cleaning structure (6), wherein the seed cleaning structure (6) is arranged corresponding to the position A seed-disturbing boss (9) is arranged between two adjacent shaped holes (10), and the spacing between the two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses (9) is a preset value and is adapted to the maximum length of corn seeds.

2. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of mutually symmetrical seeding units are respectively arranged on both sides of the interior of the shell (1), and the two groups of seeding units are sealed and isolated from each other.

3. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two seeding discs (4) of the two seeding units are connected in series via a driving shaft (5), and the two corresponding holes (10) on the two seeding discs (4) are staggered and the radial angle between the two holes (10) is constant.

4. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a Y-shaped seed guide joint (11), the two inlets of the Y-shaped seed guide joint (11) are respectively connected to the two seed drop ports (8) of the two seed discharge units, and the outlet at the lower part of the Y-shaped seed guide joint (11) is provided with a seed guide tube.

5. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-disturbing boss (9) is in the shape of a convex strip, and both ends of the seed-disturbing boss (9) in the length direction are arc-shaped surfaces.

6. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc surfaces at both ends of the same seed-disturbing boss (9) in the length direction have the same bending direction and the same arc radius, the maximum size of the corn seed is preset to be X, the maximum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses (9) is greater than X, and the minimum spacing between two adjacent seed-disturbing bosses (9) is equal to X.

7. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The seed disturbance boss (9) comprises a first boss portion (91) and a second boss portion (92) which are connected to each other, the thickness of the first boss portion (91) is greater than the thickness of the second boss portion (92), and the length of the first boss portion (91) is less than the length of the second boss portion (92).

8. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seed blocking plate (16) is provided in the housing (1) at a position corresponding to the seed dropping area (14), and the seed blocking plate (16) is used to isolate the seed charging area (13) from the seed dropping area (14).

9. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped angle of the seed filling area (13) corresponding to the seed plate (4) is 125°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed cleaning area (12) corresponding to the seed plate (4) is 70°, and the extension angle of the seed cleaning structure (6) is 70°; the fan-shaped angle of the seed carrying area (15) corresponding to the seed plate (4) is 90°; and the fan-shaped angle of the seed throwing area (14) corresponding to the seed plate (4) is 75°.

10. The air suction type corn precision seed metering device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The seed cleaning structure (6) is an arc-shaped seed cleaning knife arranged in the shell, and the seed cleaning knife is provided with a plurality of retaining teeth, and the retaining teeth are used to remove excess corn seeds at the position of the mold hole (10).

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