Method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic picked and sold on market before Spring Festival

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of greenhouse planting methods, and discloses a method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic picked and sold in the market before the Spring Festival. The method is mainly technically characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, carrying out hot dormancy, primary pruning and germination acceleration on peach trees in a greenhouse after peaches are picked, forming flower buds on the peach trees, planting garlic, carrying out secondary pruning on the peach trees when the flower buds of the peach trees reach a red dew period, enabling the peach trees to enter a flowering period, pollinating peach blossoms, managing the young fruit period of the peach trees, managing the hard core period of the peach trees, and harvesting the peaches and the garlic. Through thermal dormancy, energy of trunks, roots and branches can be accumulated to a certain extent after the fruits of the peach trees are picked; meanwhile, garlic is planted in the gaps between the peach trees before rapid refrigeration, so that garlic sprouts can enter a dormancy period along with temperature reduction after growing out, and formation and growth of garlic bulbs are facilitated. And the overall economic benefit of the greenhouse is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of staggered-season growth of greenhouse-grown peaches, and specifically relates to a method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival. Background Art

[0002] In the field of facility agriculture technology, in order to increase farmers' income, fruits or vegetables are planted in off-season so that vegetables and fruits can be put on the market before the Spring Festival. In this way, not only the price is high, but also the market is good. Especially before the Spring Festival, the price and market are better. The patent name applied by the applicant on March 31, 2019 is: Special greenhouse for off-season growth of peaches and method for off-season growth of peaches, and the patent application number is: 201910254518.0 invention patent application, which discloses a method for off-season growth of peaches, but the method is only applied to off-season growth of peaches, and there are the following defects: because only one kind of peach tree is planted in the shed, due to the limitation of space in the shed, the size and yield of the peach tree are low. In order to achieve listing before the Spring Festival, heating and cooling are required in different time periods, and the investment is large. Therefore, it is difficult to promote shed-planted peach trees.

[0003] The main mode is open-air planting. Open-air planting usually starts from October to November. After planting, it enters a dormant period naturally without human intervention. The price is low when it is put on the market late. Although in order to put garlic on the market earlier, it is also planted from October to November of the previous year, and plastic film is covered around March of the following year to make the garlic grow earlier. In this way, although it is a certain time earlier than the original garlic, fresh garlic cannot be put on the market before the Spring Festival.

[0004] Although there are reports of planting garlic under forests in the prior art, such as the patent name: Ecological high-quality and efficient cultivation technology of interplanting moss garlic with grapes on trellis; the invention patent application with patent application number: 201711059078.0, which discloses the ecological high-quality and efficient cultivation technology of interplanting moss garlic with grapes on trellis, if garlic is planted in accordance with the "patent name applied for by the applicant on March 31, 2019: Special greenhouse for off-season growth of peaches and method for off-season growth of peaches, patent application number: 201910254518.0", due to the limitations of temperature, humidity and planting season in the greenhouse, the planted garlic can only grow garlic seedlings, and garlic cannot grow at all, resulting in a waste of water and fertilizer, and the garlic seedling harvest season cannot be met. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic, which can be harvested and marketed at the same time before the Spring Festival and have high per-mu yield.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival proposed by the present invention is: The method comprises the following steps: The first step is to put the peach trees in the greenhouse into thermal dormancy after the peaches are picked. Around February 10-20, the temperature in the greenhouse will be controlled at 33-36℃ after picking peaches around the Spring Festival for about 7-10 days, until more than 80% of the peach leaves fall; Step 2: Initial pruning Prune off all new branches, leaving only the main trunk and secondary branches. The length of the secondary branches should be controlled within 5-15cm, and ensure that there is at least one bud on the retained secondary branches. The third step is germination 3-5 days after pruning, water the soil in the greenhouse and control the temperature at 28-32℃ for 80-90 days. Observe the tertiary branches growing from the secondary branches until 80% of the tertiary branches reach a length of more than 30cm. Step 4: The peach tree forms flower buds and plants garlic Rapid cooling, within 10-15 days, gradually reduce the temperature from 32℃ to 7℃, and then keep the temperature below 7℃ within 45-50 days, forming flower buds on the third-level branches of peach trees, and planting garlic in the gaps between peach trees before rapid cooling; Step 5: Peach tree flower buds reach the red stage and the peach tree is pruned for the second time Slowly increase the temperature in the greenhouse from 2°C to 18°C ​​within 25-30 days. When the peach buds enter the red stage, perform a second pruning of the peach trees and remove the weakened branches. Step 6: Make the peach tree enter the flowering period The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 7: Pollinate the peach blossoms 20-30 days after the peach blossoms bloom, place bear bees in the greenhouse to allow the bear bees to pollinate the peach blossoms. Step 8: Management of young peach trees during their fruiting period During the young fruit stage of peach trees, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 9: Management of peach trees during the hard core period After 15-20 days of the young fruit stage, the peach tree enters the hard core stage, and the temperature is controlled at 22℃-28℃. At this time, the peaches are bagged; Step 10. Harvest peaches and garlic Around January 25th of the following year, the peaches are picked from the peach trees and the garlic is harvested at the same time.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the fifth step of the method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival, when the flower buds of the peach trees reach the red stage and the peach trees are pruned for the second time, during this period, when the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15 cm in height, a small amount of garlic seedlings are pulled up to check the root system of the garlic seedlings, and when more than 80% of the garlic seedlings have more than 30 roots, the garlic seedlings are pressed down by stepping on them or using a pressing roller; After pressing the seedlings, continue to observe the growth of the garlic seedlings, and pull out the garlic seedlings that quickly stand up again after being pressed down; In the step of harvesting peaches and garlic, in order to put them on the market around the 20th day of the twelfth lunar month, the start time of the thermal dormancy of the peach trees in the greenhouse after picking the peaches in the first step is appropriately advanced or delayed in combination with the leap month situation in the lunar calendar and the solar calendar.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival provided by the present invention has the following advantages: First, since the method comprises the following steps: The first step is to put the peach trees in the greenhouse into thermal dormancy after the peaches are picked. Around February 10-20, the temperature in the greenhouse will be controlled at 33-36℃ after picking peaches around the Spring Festival for about 7-10 days, until more than 80% of the peach leaves fall off. After the heat dormancy, the trunks, roots and branches of the peach trees can accumulate energy after picking the fruits, and the peach leaves fall off naturally, which is conducive to the growth of peaches in the next season. Step 2: Initial pruning Prune all new branches and only keep the main trunk and secondary branches. The length of the secondary branches should be controlled within 5-15cm, and ensure that there is at least one bud on the retained secondary branches. In this way, pruning the excess branches will reduce nutrient consumption, and the limited nutrients will be more concentrated on the new buds, which is conducive to the formation of new buds and makes the new buds stronger. The third step is germination 3-5 days after pruning, water the land in the greenhouse and control the temperature at 28-32℃ for 80-90 days. Observe the tertiary branches growing from the secondary branches until 80% of the tertiary branches are more than 30cm long. After germination, the tertiary branches are allowed to grow and flower buds are formed on the newly grown tertiary branches. Step 4: The peach tree forms flower buds and plants garlic Rapid cooling: within 10-15 days, the temperature gradually drops from 32°C to 7°C, and then within 45-50 days, the temperature is continuously controlled below 7°C to form flower buds on the third-level branches of the peach trees. At the same time, before rapid cooling, garlic is planted in the gaps between the peach trees. In this way, after the garlic seedlings grow out, they can enter a dormant period as the temperature drops, which is conducive to the formation and growth of garlic heads. Step 5: Peach tree flower buds reach the red stage and the peach tree is pruned for the second time Slowly increase the temperature in the greenhouse from 2°C to 18°C ​​within 25-30 days. When the peach buds enter the red stage, perform a second pruning of the peach trees and remove the weakened branches. Step 6: Make the peach tree enter the flowering period The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 7: Pollinate the peach blossoms 20-30 days after the peach blossoms bloom, place bear bees in the greenhouse to allow the bear bees to pollinate the peach blossoms. Step 8: Management of young peach trees during their fruiting period During the young fruit stage of peach trees, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 9: Management of peach trees during the hard core period After 15-20 days of the young fruit stage, the peach tree enters the hard core stage, and the temperature is controlled at 22℃-28℃. At this time, the peaches are bagged; Step 10. Harvest peaches and garlic Around January 25th of the following year, the peaches are picked from the peach trees and the garlic is harvested at the same time.

[0009] Due to space limitations in the greenhouse, the crown of the peach tree is relatively small, and the nutrient supply of garlic is relatively sufficient. By planting garlic between the peach trees in the greenhouse, the overall economic benefits of the greenhouse are greatly improved.

[0010] Secondly, as a further improvement of the present invention, in the fifth step of the method for interplanting fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival, when the flower buds of the peach trees reach the red stage and the peach trees are pruned for the second time, during this period, when the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15 cm in height, a small amount of garlic seedlings are pulled up to check the root system of the garlic seedlings. When more than 80% of the garlic seedlings have more than 30 roots, the garlic seedlings are pressed down by stepping on them or using a pressure roller. This is because if the garlic is planted late, it cannot fully develop before the temperature is lowered. That is to say, if the number of garlic seedling roots is less than 30, it enters dormancy, and the garlic seedlings are poorly developed, which is not conducive to the growth of garlic in the future, making the garlic heads very small or only garlic seedlings without garlic heads. If the temperature is properly raised, the garlic seedlings will not grow well. Before planting garlic, the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15cm in height and the number of garlic seedling roots is more than 30. If no intervention is made, most of the fertilizer in the soil will be consumed by the garlic seedlings, which will cause the garlic seedlings to grow wildly before they go dormant. It is also easy to cause the garlic heads to be very small or only garlic seedlings but no garlic heads. When the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15cm in height and more than 80% of the garlic seedlings have more than 30 roots, the garlic seedlings can be pressed down by stepping on them or using a pressure roller, so that the nutrients at the roots of the garlic seedlings accumulate at the roots, which is beneficial to the formation of garlic heads. Moreover, when the temperature rises and the garlic seedlings grow again, garlic scapes will not be formed, reducing the cost of manually extracting garlic scapes. Moreover, the new garlic and garlic seedlings can be eaten at the same time, greatly improving the economic benefits.

[0011] Third, after pressing the seedlings, continue to observe the growth of the garlic seedlings, and pull out the garlic seedlings that quickly stand up again after being pressed down; because if the garlic seedlings quickly stand up again after being pressed down, it means that the garlic seedlings are strong enough and will not grow garlic after another period of dormancy, or even die due to excessive growth before dormancy, which can only waste fertilizer. Therefore, pulling them out can avoid fertilizer waste and is beneficial to the growth of other garlic seedlings.

[0012] Fourthly, in the step of harvesting peaches and garlic, in order to put them on the market around the 20th day of the twelfth lunar month, the start time of the hot dormancy of the peach trees in the greenhouse after picking the peaches in the first step is appropriately advanced or postponed in combination with the leap month of the lunar calendar and the solar calendar. In this way, it can be ensured that the picking is completed before the Spring Festival, the sales and price are better, and the economic benefits are greatly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The following is a further detailed description of the method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0014] The method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival comprises the following steps: The first step is to put the peach trees in the greenhouse into thermal dormancy after the peaches are picked. Around February 10-20, the temperature in the greenhouse will be controlled at 33-36℃ after picking peaches around the Spring Festival for about 7-10 days, until more than 80% of the peach leaves fall off. After the heat dormancy, the trunks, roots and branches of the peach trees can accumulate energy after picking the fruits, and the peach leaves fall off naturally, which is conducive to the growth of peaches in the next season. Step 2: Initial pruning Prune all new branches and only keep the main trunk and secondary branches. The length of the secondary branches should be controlled within 5-15cm, and ensure that there is at least one bud on the retained secondary branches. In this way, pruning the excess branches will reduce nutrient consumption, and the limited nutrients will be more concentrated on the new buds, which is conducive to the formation of new buds and makes the new buds stronger. The third step is germination 3-5 days after pruning, water the land in the greenhouse and control the temperature at 28-32℃ for 80-90 days. Observe the tertiary branches growing from the secondary branches until 80% of the tertiary branches are more than 30cm long. After germination, the tertiary branches are allowed to grow and flower buds are formed on the newly grown tertiary branches. Step 4: The peach tree forms flower buds and plants garlic Rapid cooling: within 10-15 days, the temperature gradually drops from 32°C to 7°C, and then within 45-50 days, the temperature is continuously controlled below 7°C to form flower buds on the third-level branches of the peach trees. At the same time, before rapid cooling, garlic is planted in the gaps between the peach trees. In this way, after the garlic seedlings grow out, they can enter a dormant period as the temperature drops, which is conducive to the formation and growth of garlic heads. Step 5: Peach tree flower buds reach the red stage and the peach tree is pruned for the second time Slowly increase the temperature in the greenhouse from 2°C to 18°C ​​within 25-30 days. When the peach buds enter the red stage, perform a second pruning of the peach trees and remove the weakened branches. Step 6: Make the peach tree enter the flowering period The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 7: Pollinate the peach blossoms 20-30 days after the peach blossoms bloom, place bear bees in the greenhouse to allow the bear bees to pollinate the peach blossoms. Step 8: Management of young peach trees during their fruiting period During the young fruit stage of peach trees, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 9: Management of peach trees during the hard core period After 15-20 days of the young fruit stage, the peach tree enters the hard core stage, and the temperature is controlled at 22℃-28℃. At this time, the peaches are bagged; Step 10. Harvest peaches and garlic Around January 25th of the following year, the peaches are picked from the peach trees and the garlic is harvested at the same time.

[0015] Due to space limitations in the greenhouse, the crown of the peach tree is relatively small, and the nutrient supply of garlic is relatively sufficient. By planting garlic between the peach trees in the greenhouse, the overall economic benefits of the greenhouse are greatly improved.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the fifth step of the method for interplanting fresh peaches and garlic in the greenhouse that are picked and listed before the Spring Festival, the peach tree flower buds reach the red stage and the peach tree is pruned for the second time. During this period, after the garlic and garlic seedlings grow to 10-15cm, a small amount of garlic seedlings are pulled up to check the root system of the garlic seedlings. When the number of roots of more than 80% of the garlic seedlings is more than 30, the garlic seedlings are pressed with feet or rollers to crush the garlic seedlings. Because if the garlic is planted late, it cannot be fully developed before the temperature is lowered, that is, if the number of garlic seedling roots is less than 30, the garlic seedlings are dormant due to poor development, which is not conducive to the growth of garlic in the future, making the garlic head very small or only garlic seedlings without garlic head. If the garlic is planted in advance appropriately, the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15cm, and the number of garlic seedling roots is more than 30. If no intervention is performed, most of the fertilizer in the soil is consumed by the garlic seedlings, which will cause the garlic seedlings to grow wildly before the garlic seedlings are dormant, and it is also easy to cause the garlic head to be very small or only garlic seedlings without garlic head. When the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15cm in height and more than 80% of the garlic seedlings have more than 30 roots, they are pressed down by feet or rollers so that the nutrients at the roots of the garlic seedlings accumulate at the roots, which is beneficial to the formation of garlic heads. Moreover, when the temperature rises and the garlic seedlings grow again, garlic stalks will not be formed, reducing the cost of manually extracting garlic stalks. In addition, the new garlic and garlic seedlings can be eaten at the same time, greatly improving the economic benefits.

[0017] After pressing the seedlings, continue to observe the growth of the garlic seedlings, and pull out the garlic seedlings that quickly stand up again after being pressed down; because if the garlic seedlings quickly stand up again after being pressed down, it means that the garlic seedlings are strong enough and will not grow garlic after another period of dormancy, or even die due to excessive growth before dormancy, which will only waste fertilizer. Therefore, pulling them out can avoid fertilizer waste and is beneficial to the growth of other garlic seedlings.

[0018] Because in the step of harvesting peaches and garlic, in order to put them on the market around the 20th day of the twelfth lunar month, combined with the leap month situation in the lunar calendar of that year and the solar calendar, the start time of the hot dormancy of the peach trees in the greenhouse after picking the peaches in the first step is appropriately advanced or postponed. In this way, it can be ensured that the picking is completed before the Spring Festival, the sales and price are better, and the economic benefits are greatly improved.

[0019] The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. As long as the structure is the same or similar to the method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival of the present invention, it falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The first step is to put the peach trees in the greenhouse into thermal dormancy after the peaches are picked. Around February 10-20, the temperature in the greenhouse will be controlled at 33-36℃ after picking peaches around the Spring Festival for about 7-10 days, until more than 80% of the peach leaves fall; Step 2: Initial pruning Prune off all new branches, leaving only the main trunk and secondary branches. The length of the secondary branches should be controlled within 5-15cm, and ensure that there is at least one bud on the retained secondary branches. The third step is germination 3-5 days after pruning, water the soil in the greenhouse and control the temperature at 28-32℃ for 80-90 days. Observe the tertiary branches growing from the secondary branches until 80% of the tertiary branches reach a length of more than 30cm. Step 4: Peach tree forms flower buds and garlic is planted Rapid cooling, within 10-15 days, gradually reduce the temperature from 32℃ to 7℃, and then keep the temperature below 7℃ within 45-50 days, forming flower buds on the third-level branches of peach trees, and planting garlic in the gaps between peach trees before rapid cooling; Step 5: Peach tree flower buds reach the red stage and the peach tree is pruned for the second time Slowly increase the temperature in the greenhouse from 2°C to 18°C ​​within 25-30 days. When the peach buds enter the red stage, perform a second pruning of the peach trees and remove the weakened branches. Step 6: Make the peach tree enter the flowering period The temperature in the shed is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 7: Pollinate the peach blossoms 20-30 days after the peach blossoms bloom, place bear bees in the greenhouse to allow the bear bees to pollinate the peach blossoms. Step 8: Management of young peach trees during their fruiting period During the young fruit stage of peach trees, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at 20℃-24℃; Step 9: Management of peach trees during the hard core period After 15-20 days of the young fruit stage, the peach tree enters the hard core stage, and the temperature is controlled at 22℃-28℃. At this time, the peaches are bagged; Step 10. Harvest peaches and garlic Around January 25th of the following year, the peaches are picked from the peach trees and the garlic is harvested at the same time.

2. The method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fifth step, when the flower buds of the peach trees reach the red stage and the peach trees are pruned for the second time, during this period, after the garlic seedlings grow to 10-15 cm in height, a small amount of garlic seedlings are pulled up to check the root conditions of the garlic seedlings. When more than 80% of the garlic seedlings have more than 30 roots, the garlic seedlings are pressed down by stepping on them or using a pressing roller.

3. The method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival according to claim 2, characterized in that: After pressing the seedlings, continue to observe the growth of the garlic seedlings and pull out the garlic seedlings that quickly stand up again after being pressed down.

4. The method for interplanting greenhouse fresh peaches and garlic that are picked and marketed simultaneously before the Spring Festival according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of harvesting peaches and garlic, in order to put them on the market around the 20th day of the twelfth lunar month, the start time of the thermal dormancy of the peach trees in the greenhouse after picking the peaches in the first step is appropriately advanced or delayed in combination with the leap month situation in the lunar calendar and the solar calendar.