Organic solvent for seed dressing and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an organic solvent additive suitable for soybean seed dressing, the organic solvent additive uses 75% ethanol and a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film forming agent as components, and the use amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 1-5%, preferably 2%, of the 75% ethanol. The organic solvent for seed dressing can improve the seeding rate and the germination rate of soybeans, and the seedling emergence effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of seed treatment, and in particular relates to an organic solvent suitable for soybean seed dressing and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fungicides and insecticides are often added to soybeans when they are sown to prevent fungi and pests from damaging the seeds and protect the soybean seeds so that they can grow smoothly. In the soybean seed dressing process, the seed dressing agent is usually dissolved in water and then the soybean seeds are coated.

[0003] However, soybean seeds absorb water, causing the seed coat to shrink or fall off, which in turn affects sowing. Therefore, it is necessary to screen organic solvent additives suitable for soybean seed dressing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic solvent suitable for soybean seed dressing in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, and to use the organic solvent together with the active ingredients of pesticides and the film-forming agent of seed coating agents to improve the germination rate and emergence rate of soybean seed coating.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An organic solvent for seed dressing comprises the following components: 75% ethanol and a film-forming agent.

[0007] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment, the film-forming agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the content of the film-forming agent accounts for 1-5% of the entire system, preferably 2%.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of an organic solvent for seed dressing, wherein the organic solvent for seed dressing can improve the germination rate of seeds.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the organic solvent for seed dressing of the invention can increase the seed setting rate and germination rate of soybeans, and has a good emergence effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 The germination rate of soybean seeds under different treatments is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 The soybean seed emergence rates of different treatments are shown;

[0012] FIG3-a shows the coating effects of different treatments; FIG3-b shows the effects of different seed dressing treatments on soybean seeds and germination rate and emergence rate;

[0013] Figure 4The left picture shows sodium carboxymethylcellulose film-forming agent, and the right picture shows polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent, showing the apparent differences in seed treatments when different film-forming agents are used in combination with ethanol;

[0014] Figure 5 The effects of different treatments on seeding rate are shown;

[0015] Figure 6-a The left picture shows sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent, and the right picture shows polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent. Figure 6-b The effects of different treatments on seed germination percentage are shown;

[0016] Figure 7 The effects of different treatments on the emergence rate in indoor pot experiments are shown;

[0017] Figure 8 The effect of different treatments on the number of seedlings in the field is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will now be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the structures related to the present invention.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available.

[0020] 1. Materials and Methods

[0021] 1. Test materials

[0022] Soybean varieties: Zhonghuang 55, Jidou 12, Jidou 17

[0023] Organic solvents: acetone, ethanol, NN-dimethylformamide (NN), ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, n-hexane.

[0024] 2. Test methods

[0025] 2.1 Seed treatment

[0026] The experiment was conducted at the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences in April 2021. Soybean seeds of different varieties with uniform size and full seeds were selected and soaked in the above six organic solvents for 1 min, 10 min and 60 min respectively, with aqueous solution as control. After natural drying, the seeds were set aside, and the shrinkage of the seed coat of each treatment was recorded and the shrinkage rate was calculated.

[0027] 2.2 Petri dish culture test

[0028] For each treatment, 30 dried seeds were selected and evenly sown in a 9-cm diameter culture dish covered with 4 layers of filter paper. Distilled water was added. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Then the treated culture dishes were placed in an artificial climate box for cultivation. The germination conditions were darkness, 27°C, and relative humidity of 60%. The soybean germination was observed every day and water was added in time. The number of germinations in each treatment was recorded at 3 days and the germination rate was calculated.

[0029] 2.3 Potted culture experiment

[0030] A pot experiment was conducted, with vermiculite as the culture medium. 90 soaked seeds were selected for each pot and sown at a depth of 5 cm. Water was supplied normally after sowing, and then the treated seeds were placed in a greenhouse for cultivation. The germination conditions were natural light, 27°C, and a relative humidity of 60%. The emergence of soybean seedlings was observed every day and water was added in time. The number of seedlings of each treatment was recorded at 7 days and the emergence rate was calculated.

[0031] 2. Results and Analysis

[0032] 1. Effect of solvent on seed coat shrinkage rate

[0033] As shown in Table 1, Table 1 shows the soybean seed coat shrinkage rate under different treatments. Figure 1 It can be seen that the shrinkage rate of the seed coat of Jidou 12 gradually increased with the extension of the soaking time in the aqueous solution. After soaking for 1 minute, the average shrinkage rate of the three varieties reached 62.22%. After soaking for 60 minutes, the shrinkage rate of the seed coat reached 100%. However, under the treatment of the other 6 organic solvents and 3 time periods, the soybean seed coat did not shrink.

[0034] Table 1 Soybean seed coat shrinkage rate under different treatments

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] 2. Effect of different solvents on germination rate

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, after different treatments, there was no significant difference in the germination rate of seeds of Jidou 12 in different solvents and at different times (solvent: F 6,54 = 1.82, P = 0.113; time: F 6,54 = 2.00, P = 0.145), and the germination rate of each treatment exceeded 90%. After soaking in water for 1min, 10min and 60min, the seed germination rate reached 100.00%, 98.89% and 97.78% respectively. After soaking in NN dimethylformamide, the seed germination rate decreased slightly, reaching 96.67%, 97.78% and 94.44% respectively.

[0039] 3. Effects of different solvents on germination rate

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, after different treatments, there was no significant difference in the seed germination rate of Jidou 12 in different solvents and at different times (solvent: F 6,54 = 1.75, P = 0.127; time: F 6,54 = 0.55, P = 0.578), and the germination rate of each treatment exceeded 90%. After soaking in water for 1min, 10min and 60min, the seed germination rate reached 96.67%, 97.78% and 95.56%, respectively. After soaking in NN dimethylformamide, the seed germination rate decreased slightly, reaching 93.33%, 94.44% and 93.33%, respectively.

[0041] Taking into account the safety, corrosiveness and economy of organic solvents, this patent uses ethanol as the organic solvent for subsequent research.

[0042] 3. Screening of ethanol concentration

[0043] 1. Materials and methods

[0044] 1.1 Test materials

[0045] Soybean variety: Jidou 12

[0046] Organic solvent: ethanol

[0047] 1.2 Methods

[0048] 1.2.1 Seed treatment

[0049] Soybean seeds with uniform size and full grains were selected, and 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% ethanol solutions were mixed with seed dressing agents, and then the seeds were treated with seed dressing, and the aqueous solution was used as a control. After natural drying, the seeds were set aside, and the shrinkage of the seed coat and the degree of adhesion of the seed dressing agent were recorded for each treatment.

[0050] 2. Results and Analysis

[0051] Table 2 Effects of different concentrations of ethanol on seed shrinkage rate and seed coating agent shedding degree

[0052]

[0053] As can be seen from Table 2, after treatment with 100% ethanol and seed dressing agent, the seed coat did not shrink, but the seed dressing agent was almost completely detached. After treatment with 75%, the seed shrinkage rate was very low, 2.12%, and the seed dressing agent was basically not detached. Therefore, 75% ethanol will be used as the organic solvent of the seed dressing agent for the next step of optimization.

[0054] 4. Screening test of film-forming agent

[0055] 1. Test materials

[0056] Soybean variety: Jidou 12

[0057] Organic solvent: 75% ethanol

[0058] Seed dressing agent: 70% imidacloprid dispersible powder.

[0059] Seed coating film-forming agent: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The final dosage of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 2% of 75% ethanol.

[0060] 2. Seed treatment

[0061] Soybean seeds with uniform size and full seeds were selected, and a film-forming agent (final content was 2%) was added to a 75% ethanol solution to prepare an organic solvent, and then different amounts of seed coating agents were added to the seeds for seed dressing. The coating effect and the germination rate and emergence rate of the seeds were measured indoors. There were 12 seed dressing treatments in total, of which the undressed seeds were used as the control, see Table 3.

[0062] Table 3 Different treatments and imidacloprid seed dressing

[0063]

[0064] 3. Results Analysis

[0065] The coating effect of 0.5ml and 2ml of organic solvent was not good, and both could not evenly coat the soybean seeds, while 1ml could evenly coat the seed coat. The germination rate and emergence rate of soybean seeds in different seed dressing treatment groups exceeded 90%, and there was no significant difference between different groups. Therefore, 75% ethanol + sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (2%) can be a substitute solvent for water as a suitable organic solvent for soybean seed dressing.

[0066] 5. Film-forming agent comparison

[0067] Further tests were conducted by replacing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with polyvinyl alcohol film former. The test results are as follows: Figure 4-8 As shown, compared with the treatment group with added polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent, after adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent, the surface film of soybean seeds was more evenly coated and the soybean surface was smoother.

[0068] A handheld seeder was used for sowing experiments. Single-seed sowing was performed. After adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent, the soybean surface was smooth. After 100 sowings, the average seed setting rate was as high as 98%, while the seed setting rate of the group with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 81%.

[0069] The average germination rate of the group treated with sodium carboxymethylcellulose film-forming agent was 96.66%, while the average germination rate of the group treated with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 90%, and the ungerminated seeds in this group rotted.

[0070] The results of the indoor flower pot test showed that the average germination rate of the group treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent was 95%, while the average germination rate of the group treated with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 83.33%.

[0071] The results of the random field sowing test showed that the sowing test was carried out using a Nonghaha seeder, with single seed sowing and a plant spacing of 10 cm. The seedling emergence was investigated 7 days after sowing and it was found that the group treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent had an average of 10 seedlings per meter in length, and the group treated with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent had an average of 8 seedlings per meter in length.

[0072] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An organic solvent additive for seed dressing, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components: it comprises ethanol and a film-forming agent.

2. The organic solvent additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The ethanol is 75% ethanol, and the film-forming agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. The organic solvent additive according to claim 2, characterized in that The content of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent is 2% of 75% ethanol.

4. Use of the organic solvent additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a seed dressing agent.

5. Use of the organic solvent additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for improving seed germination rate.

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