An organic solvent for seed dressing and use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an organic solvent additive suitable for soybean seed dressing. The organic solvent additive consists of 75% ethanol and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a film-forming agent, wherein the amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 1-5% of the 75% ethanol, preferably 2%. This seed dressing organic solvent can improve the seed setting rate and germination rate of soybeans, resulting in good seedling emergence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seed treatment, and in particular relates to an organic solvent suitable for soybean seed dressing and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Fungicides and insecticides are often added to soybeans during sowing to prevent damage to the seeds from fungi and pests, thus protecting the seeds and allowing them to grow successfully. During soybean seed treatment, the seed treatment agent is usually dissolved in water before coating the soybean seeds.

[0003] However, soybean seeds absorb moisture, causing the seed coat to wrinkle or fall off, which in turn affects sowing. Therefore, it is necessary to screen for suitable organic solvent additives for soybean seed dressing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an organic solvent suitable for soybean seed dressing, which can be used in conjunction with pesticide active ingredients and seed coating film-forming agents to improve the germination rate and emergence rate of soybean seed coatings.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An organic solvent for seed dressing comprises the following components: 75% ethanol and a film-forming agent.

[0007] Preferably, as a preferred embodiment, the film-forming agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the content of the film-forming agent accounts for 1-5% of the entire system, preferably 2%.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of an organic solvent for seed dressing, which can improve the germination rate of seeds.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the organic solvent for seed dressing of the present invention can improve the seed setting rate and germination rate of soybeans, and the seedling emergence effect is good. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The germination rates of soybean seeds under different treatments are shown.

[0011] Figure 2 The germination rate of soybean seeds under different treatments is shown.

[0012] Figure 3-a shows the coating effects of different treatments; Figure 3-b shows the effects of different seed treatments on soybean seeds, germination rate, and emergence rate.

[0013] Figure 4The left image shows sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent, and the right image shows polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent, illustrating the apparent differences in seed treatments when different film-forming agents are used in combination with ethanol.

[0014] Figure 5 The effects of different treatments on seed yield are shown;

[0015] Figure 6-a The left image shows sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as a film-forming agent, and the right image shows polyvinyl alcohol as a film-forming agent. Figure 6-b The effects of different treatments on seed germination rate are shown;

[0016] Figure 7 This study demonstrates the effect of different treatments on germination rate in indoor potted plants.

[0017] Figure 8 The effects of different treatments on the number of seedlings in the field are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the invention and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0019] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0020] I. Materials and Methods

[0021] 1. Test materials

[0022] Soybean varieties: Zhonghuang 55, Jidou 12, Jidou 17

[0023] Organic solvents: acetone, ethanol, N / N dimethylformamide (NN), ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, n-hexane.

[0024] 2. Test methods

[0025] 2.1 Seed Treatment

[0026] The experiment was conducted in April 2021 at the Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Soybean seeds of different varieties, all uniform in size and with plump kernels, were soaked in the above six organic solvents for 1 min, 10 min, and 60 min, respectively, with an aqueous solution serving as a control. After natural air drying, the seed coat shrinkage of each treatment was recorded and the shrinkage rate was calculated.

[0027] 2.2 Petri dish culture experiment

[0028] Thirty dried seeds were selected for each treatment and evenly sown in a 9cm diameter petri dish lined with four layers of filter paper. Distilled water was added to each dish, and each treatment was repeated three times. The treated petri dishes were then placed in an artificial climate chamber for germination under the following conditions: darkness, 27℃, and 60% relative humidity. The germination of soybeans was observed daily, and water was added as needed. After 3 days, the number of germinated seeds for each treatment was recorded, and the germination rate was calculated.

[0029] 2.3 Pot Cultivation Experiment

[0030] A pot experiment was conducted using vermiculite as the culture medium. Ninety pre-soaked seeds were sown in each pot at a depth of 5 cm. Normal watering was provided after sowing, and the treated seeds were then placed in a greenhouse for germination under natural light, 27℃, and 60% relative humidity. Soybean emergence was observed daily, and water was added as needed. After 7 days, the number of seedlings for each treatment was recorded, and the emergence rate was calculated.

[0031] II. Results and Analysis

[0032] 1. Effect of solvent on seed coat shrinkage rate

[0033] As shown in Table 1, Table 1 illustrates the soybean seed coat shrinkage rate under different treatments, from Figure 1 It can be seen that the seed coat shrinkage rate of Jidou 12 gradually increased with the extension of soaking time in aqueous solution. After soaking for 1 minute, the average shrinkage rate of the three varieties reached 62.22%. After soaking for 60 minutes, the seed coat shrinkage rate of all varieties reached 100%. However, under the treatment of the other 6 organic solvents and 3 time periods, no shrinkage of soybean seed coats was observed.

[0034] Table 1. Soybean seed coat wrinkling rate under different treatments

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] 2. Effects of different solvents on germination rate

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, there were no significant differences in seed germination rates of Jidou 12 after different treatments, solvents, and treatment times (solvent: F6,54 = 1.82, P = 0.113; time: F6,54 = 2.00, P = 0.145), and the germination rates of all treatments exceeded 90%. After soaking in water for 1 min, 10 min, and 60 min, the seed germination rates reached 100.00%, 98.89%, and 97.78%, respectively. After soaking in N,N dimethylformamide, the seed germination rates decreased slightly to 96.67%, 97.78%, and 94.44%, respectively.

[0039] 3. Effects of different solvents on germination rate

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, there were no significant differences in seed germination rates of Jidou 12 after different treatments, solvents, and treatment times (solvent: F6,54 = 1.75, P = 0.127; time: F6,54 = 0.55, P = 0.578), and the germination rates of all treatments exceeded 90%. After soaking in water for 1 min, 10 min, and 60 min, the seed germination rates reached 96.67%, 97.78%, and 95.56%, respectively. After soaking in N,N dimethylformamide, the seed germination rates decreased slightly to 93.33%, 94.44%, and 93.33%, respectively.

[0041] Taking into account factors such as the safety, corrosiveness, and economy of organic solvents, this invention patent uses ethanol as the organic solvent for subsequent research.

[0042] III. Screening of Ethanol Concentration

[0043] 1. Materials and Methods

[0044] 1.1 Test Materials

[0045] Soybean variety: Jidou 12

[0046] Organic solvent: ethanol

[0047] 1.2 Methods

[0048] 1.2.1 Seed Treatment

[0049] Select soybean seeds of uniform size and plump kernels. Mix 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% ethanol solutions with seed coating agents, and then treat the seeds with the mixture. Use the aqueous solution as a control. After natural drying, the seeds are ready for use. Record the degree of seed coat shrinkage and seed coating agent adhesion for each treatment.

[0050] 2. Results and Analysis

[0051] Table 2. Effects of different concentrations of ethanol on seed wrinkling rate and seed coating agent shedding degree.

[0052]

[0053] As shown in Table 2, after treatment with 100% ethanol and the seed dressing agent, the seed coat did not shrink, but the seed dressing agent was almost completely detached. After treatment with 75% ethanol, the seed shrinkage rate was very low, at 2.12%, and the seed dressing agent was almost completely detached. Therefore, 75% ethanol will be used as the organic solvent for the seed dressing agent in the next step of optimization.

[0054] IV. Screening Tests for Film-Forming Agents

[0055] 1. Test materials

[0056] Soybean variety: Jidou 12

[0057] Organic solvent: 75% ethanol

[0058] Seed dressing agent: 70% imidacloprid dispersible powder.

[0059] Seed coating film-forming agent: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the final amount of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 2% of 75% ethanol.

[0060] 2. Seed treatment

[0061] Soybean seeds of uniform size and fullness were selected. An organic solvent was prepared by adding a film-forming agent (final concentration 2%) to a 75% ethanol solution. Different amounts of seed coating agent were then added for seed dressing. The coating effect, germination rate, and emergence rate were measured indoors. A total of 12 seed dressing treatments were conducted, with the untreated seed serving as a control (see Table 3).

[0062] Table 3 Different treatments and imidacloprid seed dressing

[0063]

[0064] 3. Results Analysis

[0065] The coating effect was poor with organic solvents of 0.5 ml and 2 ml, neither of which could evenly coat the soybean seeds, while 1 ml could evenly coat the seed coat. The germination rate and emergence rate of soybean seeds in different seed treatment groups all exceeded 90%, and there were no significant differences between the groups. Therefore, 75% ethanol + sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (2%) can be used as a suitable organic solvent for soybean seed dressing, replacing water.

[0066] V. Film-forming agent comparison

[0067] Further experiments were conducted by replacing the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent with polyvinyl alcohol. The results are as follows: Figure 4-8 As shown, compared with the treatment group with added polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent, the soybean seeds treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent had a more uniform coating on the surface and a smoother soybean surface.

[0068] A sowing experiment was conducted using a handheld seeder. Single-seed sowing with the addition of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent resulted in smooth soybean surfaces. After 100 sowing attempts, the average seeding rate reached 98%, while the seeding rate of the group with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 81%.

[0069] The average germination rate of the group treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent was 96.66%, while the average germination rate of the group treated with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 90%, and the ungerminated seeds in the latter group rotted.

[0070] The results of the indoor flowerpot experiment showed that the average germination rate of the group treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent was 95%, while the average germination rate of the group treated with polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent was 83.33%.

[0071] The results of the random field sowing experiment showed that when the Nonghaha seeder was used for sowing, single seed sowing was carried out and the plant spacing was set at 10 cm. After 7 days of sowing, the seedling emergence was found that the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose film-forming agent treatment group had an average of 10 seedlings per meter length, while the polyvinyl alcohol film-forming agent treatment group had an average of 8 seedlings per meter length.

[0072] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The application of an organic solvent additive for seed dressing as a soybean seed dressing agent, characterized in that, It comprises the following components: ethanol and a film-forming agent, wherein the ethanol is 75% ethanol and the film-forming agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose content is 2% of 75% ethanol.

2. An organic solvent additive for seed dressing used to improve the germination rate of soybean seeds, characterized in that, It comprises the following components: ethanol and a film-forming agent, wherein the ethanol is 75% ethanol and the film-forming agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose content is 2% of 75% ethanol.

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