Coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment unit

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device, which relates to the technical field of hydrotreating reactors. The coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device includes a plate body and a chain. The plate body is evenly provided with sinking grooves for receiving the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar above. The chain is suspended below the sinking groove near the outer edge. Flow holes are formed in the area of the sinking groove opposite to the chain. The reaction products in the sinking groove form an oil film on the chain and flow along the chain. Multiple surfaces of the chain are used for attaching more oil films. Due to the huge outer surface area of the chain, more oil films can be attached to its outer surface. Spraying cold hydrogen on the oil film of the chain can, on the one hand, increase the contact area between the cold hydrogen and the reaction products. On the other hand, since the oil film is relatively thin, the sprayed cold hydrogen can easily make the oil film splash and can also form an oil curtain at the chain holes. When the cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain, it can make the oil curtain splash, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogenation reactors, and specifically to a coal tar hydrogenation pretreatment device. Background Art

[0002] Coal tar is a black or dark brown viscous liquid with a pungent odor generated during the carbonization of coal. Coal tar can be divided into low-temperature coal tar, medium-temperature coal tar, and high-temperature coal tar according to the carbonization temperature. The coal tar obtained in coke production belongs to high-temperature coal tar. It is one of the purified products of coke oven gas condensed and separated during the cooling process of raw gas.

[0003] Hydrogenating coal tar using a hydrogenation reactor can chemically modify coal tar with the help of a catalyst, and can achieve desulfurization, denitrification, aromatic saturation, improvement of oil product stability and environmental performance of coal tar, etc.

[0004] Inside the hydrogenation reactor, a mixture of hydrogen and feedstock oil in a certain proportion undergoes various hydrogenation reactions at a certain temperature and pressure with the help of a catalyst. Since the hydrogenation reaction is a strongly exothermic reaction with the presence of gas, liquid, and solid phases, the temperature inside the reactor will increase as the reaction progresses. However, the catalyst will become deactivated or even coked and agglomerated when the temperature is too high. Therefore, in order to keep the catalyst performance stable and the device running smoothly, cold hydrogen needs to be introduced into the reactor to control the temperature rise rate of the bed. Generally, there are more than 2 catalyst beds in the reactor, and cold hydrogen boxes are arranged between the beds. Its function is to mix the low-temperature hydrogen injected by the cold hydrogen pipe with the high-temperature reactants flowing down from the upper catalyst bed to lower the temperature of the reaction materials and give full play to the performance of the catalyst. The cold hydrogen box is a place where cold hydrogen and hot logistics mix and transfer heat, and is one of the key internal components of the hydrogenation reactor, which has a direct impact on the stability of the hydrogenation reaction, the catalyst life, the product quality, and the operation cycle of the device.

[0005] Currently, most cold hydrogen boxes use a spray plate to disperse cold hydrogen to increase the contact area between hydrogen and reactants. For example, a cold hydrogen facility for a hydrogenation reactor proposed in the utility model patent CN201862396U. Even though the spray plate method is used to disperse cold hydrogen, the reaction products in this method cannot form a relatively thin film, resulting in the contact area between the reaction products and hydrogen still needing to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a coal tar hydrogenation pretreatment device, which solves the problem that the reaction products cannot form a relatively thin film, resulting in the contact area between the reaction products and hydrogen still needing to be improved.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device, comprising: a plate body, on which sinking grooves are evenly provided, and the sinking grooves are used to receive the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar above; a chain, which is suspended below the sinking groove near the outer edge, and flow holes are opened in the area of the sinking groove opposite to the chain. The reaction products in the sinking groove form an oil film on the chain and flow along the chain, and multiple surfaces of the chain are used to attach more oil films; a hydrogen injection pipe, which is arranged below the sinking groove and coaxial with the sinking groove, and dense injection holes are opened on the circumferential surface of the hydrogen injection pipe. The cold hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe is sprayed onto the oil film of the chain through the injection holes, and the chain holes on the chain are used to leave channels for the cold hydrogen.

[0008] Further, the chain is a single chain, and the upper end of the single chain passes through the flow hole and is fixed in the sinking groove.

[0009] Further, the chain is a second chain, and the second chain includes: a first-stage chain, the upper end of the first-stage chain passes through the flow hole and is fixed in the sinking groove, and the lower end of the first-stage chain has a first-stage conical distribution plate; a second-stage chain, the second-stage chain is distributed in the area near the outer edge of the first-stage conical distribution plate, and diversion holes are axially opened in the area of the first-stage conical distribution plate opposite to the second-stage chain. The reaction products on the first-stage conical distribution plate enter the second-stage chain through the diversion holes.

[0010] Further, the first-stage chain and the second-stage chain are bendable flexible chains, and end rings are arranged between the lower ends of multiple second-stage chains.

[0011] Further, a retaining wall is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the first-stage conical distribution plate to limit the reaction products from falling outside the diversion holes.

[0012] Further, a partition plate is arranged between two adjacent sinking grooves, and a plate shaft is arranged on the partition plate. The upper end of the plate shaft is fixed on the lower surface of the plate body, and a secondary distribution plate is fixed at the lower end of the plate shaft. A torsion spring is arranged between the partition plate and the plate shaft; plate holes are opened on the partition plate.

[0013] Further, an inlet pipe is further included, and the inlet pipe is used to supply cold hydrogen to the hydrogen injection pipe; the inlet pipe includes: an annular pipe, which is located above the plate body, and branch pipes are arranged in the area of the lower surface of the annular pipe opposite to the hydrogen injection pipe, and the lower ends of the branch pipes are inserted into the hydrogen injection pipe; a main pipe, which is arranged on one side of the annular pipe and is used to transport external cold hydrogen to the annular pipe.

[0014] Further, the lower end of the branch pipe extends into the lower end of the hydrogen injection pipe, and a gap is reserved between the lower end of the branch pipe and the hydrogen injection pipe, so that the cold hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe flows from bottom to top.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides another coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device, which is characterized in that it includes: a plate body, on which sinking grooves are evenly arranged for receiving the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar above; a woven mesh, which encloses a closed ring structure with a pore area and a non-pore area. The ring structure is suspended below the sinking groove near the outer edge. Flow holes are opened in the area of the sinking groove opposite to the ring structure. The reaction products in the sinking groove form an oil film on the non-pore area and an oil curtain on the pore area; a hydrogen injection pipe is arranged below the sinking groove and coaxial with the sinking groove. Dense injection holes are opened on the circumferential surface of the hydrogen injection pipe, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe is sprayed onto the oil film of the ring structure through the injection holes.

[0016] Further, the ring structure includes weft and warp, and the weft is circular or spiral.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) For this coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device, by setting the upper part of the hydrogen tank as a plate body and providing sinking grooves for receiving reaction products, and hanging chains below the sinking grooves, the reaction products can form an oil film on the chains. Due to the huge outer surface area of the chains, more oil film can adhere to their outer surfaces. Spraying cold hydrogen on the oil film of the chains can increase the contact area between cold hydrogen and reaction products on the one hand, and on the other hand, since the oil film is thin, the sprayed cold hydrogen can easily make the oil film splash, thereby prolonging the contact time between cold hydrogen and reaction products in the hydrogen tank. The splashing of the oil film can also disturb the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank. And when the amount of reaction products above is large, an oil curtain can be formed at the chain holes. When cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain, it can make the oil curtain splash, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0019] (2) For this coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device, by providing a ring structure surrounded by a woven mesh below the plate body, which is suspended below the sinking groove near the outer edge, an oil film is formed on the non-pore area and an oil curtain is formed on the pore area. The sprayed cold hydrogen can easily make the oil film splash, thereby prolonging the contact time between cold hydrogen and reaction products in the hydrogen tank. The splashing of the oil film can also disturb the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank. And when the amount of reaction products above is large, an oil curtain can be formed at the chain holes. When cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain, it can make the oil curtain splash, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0020] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages simultaneously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the first embodiment of the first invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is an assembly drawing of the catalyst support plate and the hydrogen tank in the first embodiment of the first invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is Figure 2 exploded view;

[0024] Figure 4 is the bottom view of the hydrogen plate in the first embodiment of the first invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the sectional view of the sinking groove in the first embodiment of the first invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of adding a partition in the first invention;

[0027] Figure 7 is the layout diagram of the partitions in the first invention;

[0028] Figure 8 is the first invention Figure 7 exploded view;

[0029] Figure 9 is the exploded view of the hydrogen plate and the intake pipe in the first invention;

[0030] Figure 10 is the first invention Figure 5 enlarged view of area A;

[0031] Figure 11 is the sectional view of the hydrogen injection pipe in the first embodiment of the first invention;

[0032] Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the position of the second chain in the second embodiment of the first invention;

[0033] Figure 13 is the installation schematic diagram of a single group of the second chain in the second embodiment of the first invention;

[0034] Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of the primary conical distribution plate in the second embodiment of the first invention;

[0035] Figure 15 is the sectional view of the hydrogen injection pipe in the second embodiment of the first invention;

[0036] Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the position of the woven mesh in the second invention;

[0037] Figure 17 is the front view of the woven mesh with annular weft in the second invention;

[0038] Figure 18 is Figure 17 outer contour diagram of the woven mesh therein;

[0039] Figure 19 is the state diagram of shaping the woven mesh in Figure 18 therein using a shaping ring;

[0040] Figure 20 Structural schematic diagram of the woven net with spiral weft for the second invention;

[0041] Figure 21 Arrangement diagram of the weft of the woven net with spiral weft for the second invention;

[0042] Figure 22 Cross-sectional view of the hydrogen injection pipe in the second invention.

[0043] In the figure, 1 is the catalyst support plate; 2 is the inlet pipe, 21 is the main pipe, 22 is the ring pipe, 24 is the branch pipe; 3 is the hydrogen plate, 31 is the plate body, 32 is the partition plate, 321 is the plate hole, 32a is the first partition plate, 32b is the second partition plate; 33 is the single chain, 34 is the sinking groove, 341 is the slope opening, 342 is the widened part, 343 is the flow hole; 36 is the second chain, 361 is the first-stage chain, 362 is the first-stage conical distribution plate, 363 is the second-stage chain, 364 is the second-stage conical distribution plate, 365 is the third-stage chain, 366 is the end ring, 3661 is the connecting rod, 367 is the shunt hole, 368 is the cofferdam, 369 is the bump; 37 is the plate shaft; 4 is the hydrogen injection pipe, 41 is the injection hole; 5 is the woven net, 51 is the weft, 52 is the warp, 53 is the shaping ring; 6 is the lily-type impeller; 7 is the pull rod; 8 is the catalyst discharge port; 9 is the reaction product outlet; 10 is the outlet collector; 11 is the inlet distributor; 12 is the tank body; 13 is the first-stage distribution plate; 14 is the fouling basket; 15 is the thermocouple; 16 is the secondary distribution plate; 17 is the feed port. Specific embodiments

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Next, according to Figures 1 - 22 Describe the coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] On the one hand, the present invention provides a first coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1, the coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device includes a tank body 12, with a feed inlet 17 provided at the upper end of the tank body 12 for feeding a mixture of hydrogen and coal tar into the tank body 12. An inlet distributor 11 is provided below the feed inlet 17, and a primary distribution plate 13 is provided below the inlet distributor 11. A fouling basket 14 is provided below the primary distribution plate 13. At least two layers of catalyst support plates 1 are also provided in the tank body 12, and the catalyst support plates 1 are used to support the catalyst. The mixture of hydrogen and coal tar entering from the feed inlet 17 is pre-distributed by the inlet distributor 11 to avoid the high-speed fluid directly impacting the primary distribution plate 13. The primary distribution plate 13 is used to evenly disperse the mixture of hydrogen and coal tar downward. The fouling basket 14 forms a "buffer zone" at the top of the catalyst bed, allowing impurities to gradually deposit around the fouling basket 14 instead of directly clogging the catalyst pores, thereby delaying the rising speed of the pressure drop. The mixture of hydrogen and coal tar discharged from the primary distribution plate 13 can react under the action of the catalyst to form reaction products.

[0049] A hydrogen box is provided below each layer of the catalyst support plate 1, and a corresponding inlet pipe 2 is equipped. The high-temperature products generated after the reaction of the reaction products on the catalyst bed can enter the hydrogen box. The cold hydrogen input from the outside through the inlet pipe 2 can also enter the hydrogen box to cool the reaction products. Subsequently, the cooled reaction products continue to descend to the next layer of the catalyst bed for reaction and are cooled in the hydrogen box below. The final reaction products can be discharged through a reaction product outlet 9 provided on one side below the tank body 12. Preferably, an outlet collector 10 is provided at the upper end of the reaction product outlet 9, and the outlet collector 10 is a stainless steel mesh structure, effectively preventing catalyst particles from leaking out through the reaction product outlet 9. In addition, a catalyst discharge port 8 is provided in the area of the side wall of the tank body 12 opposite to each layer of the catalyst for replacing the catalyst.

[0050] Preferably, thermocouples 15 are provided at the upper and lower ends of each layer of the catalyst in the tank body 12 for detecting the temperature of the hydrogen and coal tar before and after the reaction at each layer of the catalyst position, and regulating the input amount of cold hydrogen in the hydrogen box according to the detected temperature.

[0051] The main content of the present invention is the improvement of the above hydrogen box and the hydrogen inlet mode of the hydrogen box.

[0052] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the hydrogen box mainly consists of a hydrogen plate 3 above and a secondary distribution plate 16 below. The space between the hydrogen plate 3 and the secondary distribution plate 16 serves as a heat exchange place. The catalyst support plate 1 is located above the hydrogen box, and the hydrogen box and the catalyst support plate 1 are connected by a pull rod 7.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the hydrogen plate 3 includes a plate body 31. The plate body 31 is designed as a disc shape to adapt to the shape of the tank body 12. Sinking grooves 34 are evenly arranged on the plate body 31. Seven sinking grooves 34 are set in the figure. One is set at the center of the plate body 31, and the other six are arranged in a circular matrix on the plate body 31. Under the catalysis of the catalyst, the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar can directly fall onto the plate body 31 and gradually enter the sinking grooves 34. A plurality of flow holes 343 are opened at the outer edge below the sinking grooves 34. These flow holes 343 are arranged in a circular matrix on the sinking grooves 34, and chains are arranged in the flow holes 343. The upper ends of the chains are fixed on the sinking grooves 34, and the lower ends hang naturally. Therefore, the reaction products in the sinking grooves 34 can enter the chains through the flow holes 343, form an oil film on the chains, and flow along the chains. And when the amount of the upper reaction products is large, an oil curtain can also be formed at the chain holes. The chains have a huge outer surface area, so the attached oil film is greatly increased. A hydrogen injection pipe 4 is arranged below the sinking grooves 34, and the hydrogen injection pipe 4 is coaxial with the sinking grooves 34. Dense spray holes 41 are opened on the peripheral surface of the hydrogen injection pipe 4. The cold hydrogen entering from the inlet pipe 2 can reach the inside of the hydrogen injection pipe 4, and the cold hydrogen is sprayed onto the oil film and oil curtain of the chains through the spray holes 41. When the cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain and sprays on the oil film, the oil liquid splashes, improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition to forming an oil curtain, the chain holes on the chains can also leave channels for the cold hydrogen, increasing the flow channels of the cold hydrogen and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The reaction products after heat exchange and cooling at this place can enter the catalyst bed layer of the next layer through the secondary distribution plate 16 for reaction.

[0054] In the coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the upper part of the hydrogen tank as the plate body 31 and arranging the sinking grooves 34 that can receive the reaction products, and hanging the chains below the sinking grooves 34, the reaction products can form an oil film on the chains. Due to the huge outer surface area of the chains, more oil films can be attached to their outer surfaces. Spraying the cold hydrogen on the oil film of the chains can, on the one hand, increase the contact area between the cold hydrogen and the reaction products, and on the other hand, because the oil film is thin, the sprayed cold hydrogen can easily make the oil film splash, thereby prolonging the contact time between the cold hydrogen and the reaction products in the hydrogen tank. The splashing of the oil film can also disturb the hydrogen in the hydrogen tank. And when the amount of the upper reaction products is large, an oil curtain can also be formed at the chain holes. When the cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain, it can make the oil curtain splash, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0055] Combined Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in order to facilitate the installation of the chains, the lower part of the sinking grooves 34 is set as a widened part 342, so that the upper ends of the chains can be installed on the widened part 342.

[0056] Preferably, the upper edge of the sinking grooves 34 is set as a slope opening 341, so that the reaction products on the plate body 31 can enter the sinking grooves 34 along the slope opening 341.

[0057] Combined with Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 10 , specifically, the above-mentioned chain is a single chain 33. The upper end of the single chain 33 passes through the flow hole 343 and is fixed in the sinking groove 34, so that an oil film can adhere to the outer surface of the single chain 33. The upper end of the single chain 33 can be fixed in the sinking groove 34 through a flexible connector such as a steel rope. When the air pressure of the cold hydrogen changes, the single chain 33 can swing, so as to disturb the cold hydrogen in the hydrogen tank and further improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0058] In addition, it is worth noting that the single chain 33 provided in this embodiment is a common chain structure in the prior art, which is formed by connecting a plurality of closed rings in series (refer to Figure 5 ). An oil film can adhere to the outer surface of each ring, and the hollow area of each ring will not block the cold hydrogen from passing through, which can be used as a channel for the cold hydrogen. And when the amount of the upper reaction product is large, an oil curtain can also be formed in the hollow area. When the cold hydrogen passes through the oil curtain, the oil curtain can splash, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0059] Optionally, the single chain 33 here can be a bendable chain or an un-bendable rigid chain. The bendable chain is a common chain in the prior art, while the un-bendable rigid chain can be obtained by welding the above-mentioned adjacent two closed rings. Specifically, when using the bendable single chain 33, when the air pressure of the cold hydrogen inlet changes, in addition to swinging, the single chain 33 will also have a certain degree of bending. The bent single chain 33 can make the reaction product move non-vertically downward, so that the reaction product flows on it for a longer time, further improving the heat exchange efficiency. However, this solution is only applicable to large-scale coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment devices. The diameter of the hydrogen tank of the large-scale coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device is large, and the diameter of its sinking groove 34 is also large. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent single chains 33 can be made larger to ensure that the two adjacent single chains 33 will not entangle with each other. However, in small-scale tar hydrotreating pretreatment devices, in order to avoid the entanglement of the single chain 33, the single chain 33 is set to be rigid and non-bendable.

[0060] Combined with Figures 6 - 8 shown in the figure, preferably, in order to avoid the entanglement of the chains between two adjacent sinking grooves 34, a partition 32 is provided between two adjacent sinking grooves 34. The partition 32 can isolate the chains below two adjacent sinking grooves 34. A plate hole 321 is opened on the partition 32 for the cold hydrogen to pass through the partition 32 and flow in the whole hydrogen tank. Specifically, the arrangement mode of the partition 32 is as Figure 6 shown. A partition one 32a is provided between the periphery of the middle sinking groove 34 and the sinking grooves 34 at the remaining edges, and a partition two 32b is provided between two adjacent sinking grooves 34 at the edges.

[0061] In addition, in order to further enhance the turbulence effect of cold hydrogen in the hydrogen box, a plate shaft 37 is rotatably provided on the partition 32, the upper end of the plate shaft 37 is fixed to the lower surface of the plate body 31, and the lower end of the plate shaft 37 is fixed to the secondary distribution plate 16. Specifically, the plate shaft 37 of partition 1 32a is located in the middle, and the plate shaft 37 of partition 2 32b is located at one end. A torsion spring is arranged between the partition 32 and the plate shaft 37. When cold hydrogen enters the hydrogen box, the chain swings, thereby hitting the partition 32, causing the partition 32 to shake to a certain extent. This shaking can turbulent the cold hydrogen and further improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0062] Preferably, the partition 32 is made of light steel to reduce the weight of the hydrogen tank, ensure that the chain swing can cause it to shake, and improve the turbulence effect.

[0063] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, in order to supply hydrogen to each hydrogen injection pipe 4, the above-mentioned intake pipe 2 includes a ring pipe 22, and the ring pipe 22 is located above the plate body 31. A branch pipe 24 is provided in the area of ​​the lower surface of the ring pipe 22 opposite to the hydrogen injection pipe 4, and the lower end of the branch pipe 24 is inserted into the hydrogen injection pipe 4. The main pipe 21 is arranged on one side of the ring pipe 22 for transporting external cold hydrogen to the ring pipe 22.

[0064] In this embodiment, cold hydrogen enters the annular pipe 22 from the main pipe 21 , enters the hydrogen injection pipe 4 through the branch pipe 24 , and is sprayed out from the spray hole 41 .

[0065] Preferably, each vertical row of spray holes 41 is opposite to a single chain 33 , so that the sprayed cold hydrogen faces the single chain 33 .

[0066] Embodiment 2:

[0067] Combination Figures 12 - 15 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the chain is a second chain 36, and the second chain 36 is composed of a multi-stage chain, specifically, it includes a primary chain 361 and a secondary chain 363. The upper end of the primary chain 361 passes through the flow hole 343 and is fixed and hoisted in the sinking trough 34 by flexible connectors such as steel ropes. The lower end of the primary chain 361 has a primary conical distribution plate 362, and the secondary chain 363 is distributed in the area near the outer edge of the primary conical distribution plate 362. The area on the primary conical distribution plate 362 opposite to the secondary chain 363 is axially provided with a diverter hole 367, and the reaction product on the primary conical distribution plate 362 enters the secondary chain 363 through the diverter hole 367.

[0068] In this embodiment, the reaction product in the sinking tank 34 reaches the outer surface of the first-stage chain 361 through the flow holes 343 to form an oil film and an oil curtain, and exchanges heat with the cold hydrogen ejected from the spray holes 41. When it reaches the position of the first-stage conical distribution plate 362, it is diverted into each diversion hole 367, so that it can reach the second-stage chain 363 to form an oil film and an oil curtain again. Due to the diversion effect, the exposed area of the reaction product on the first-stage chain 361 on the second-stage chain 363 is larger, forming a "self-stirring" state, so that the contact area with the cold hydrogen is larger, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0069] Of course, it can also be as Figure 13 shown, a second-stage conical distribution plate 364 is further arranged below the second-stage chain 363, and a third-stage chain 365 is continuously arranged below the second-stage conical distribution plate 364, and its assembly method is the same as that of the second-stage chain 363.

[0070] Preferably, as Figure 13 and Figure 14 , a cofferdam 368 is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the first-stage conical distribution plate 362 to limit the falling of the reaction product from the area outside the diversion hole 367, so that the reaction product can only be discharged from the diversion hole 367. In addition, a convex block 369 is arranged in the area of the upper surface of the cofferdam 368 opposite to the diversion hole 367 for installing the upper end of the second-stage chain 363.

[0071] Preferably, the first-stage chain 361 and the second-stage chain 363 here are bendable flexible chains, and end rings 366 are arranged between the lower ends of the plurality of second-stage chains 363, and connecting rods 3661 are arranged between the respective end rings 366 to ensure that the chains do not entangle with each other.

[0072] Preferably, in this embodiment, the lower end of the branch pipe 24 is inserted into the lower end of the hydrogen injection pipe 4, and a gap is reserved between the lower end of the branch pipe 24 and the lower end of the hydrogen injection pipe 4, so that the cold hydrogen is in a state of flowing upward in the hydrogen injection pipe 4, so that most of the cold hydrogen is ejected towards the lower third-stage chain 365, so that the cold hydrogen exchanges heat with the more dispersed reaction product on the third-stage chain 365.

[0073] Referring to Figures 16 - 22 shown, the present invention also provides another coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device.

[0074] As Figure 16, the coal tar hydrotreating unit is generally similar to the above-mentioned first invention, except that the hydrogen plates 3 and the hydrogen injection pipes 4 in the hydrogen tank are different. The hydrogen plate 3 includes a plate body 31 and a woven mesh 5. The plate body 31 is evenly provided with sinking grooves 34 for receiving the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar above. The woven mesh 5 encloses a closed ring structure, and the ring structure is suspended below the sinking groove 34 near the outer edge. Flow holes 343 are formed in the area of the sinking groove 34 opposite to the ring structure. The reaction products in the sinking groove 34 form an oil film and an oil curtain on the ring structure and flow downward along the ring structure.

[0075] It should be noted that no partition plate 32 needs to be installed in the present invention.

[0076] The above-mentioned hydrogen injection pipe 4 is arranged below the sinking groove 34 and coaxial with the sinking groove 34. Dense injection holes 41 are formed on the circumferential surface of the hydrogen injection pipe 4. The hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe 4 is injected onto the oil film and oil curtain of the ring structure through the injection holes 41.

[0077] Preferably, the above-mentioned ring structure includes weft wires 51 and warp wires 52, and the weft wire 51 is circular or spiral.

[0078] The woven mesh 5 has a pore area and a non-pore area. The non-pore area is composed of the weft wire 51 and the warp wire 52, and the pore area is the gap between the weft wire 51 and the warp wire 52. The reaction products can form an oil film in the non-pore area and an oil curtain in the pore area.

[0079] Refer to Figure 16 and Figure 17 is a ring structure where the weft wire 51 is circular. Figure 18 is Figure 17 the outer contour line of the annular structure from a perspective. Based on such a ring structure, a shaping ring 53 can also be used to shape the ring structure into the state shown in Figure 19 . In this kind of annular structure, the reaction products do not flow straight down on the woven mesh 5, so the time of the reaction products on the woven mesh 5 can be extended to ensure the heat exchange effect.

[0080] Such as Figure 20 and Figure 21 is a ring structure where the weft wire 51 is spiral. In this case, the reaction products also do not flow straight down, so the time of the reactants on the woven mesh 5 can also be extended.

[0081] Preferably, the above-mentioned woven mesh 5 is a metal mesh.

[0082] Preferably, the branch pipe 24 is located at the upper end inside the hydrogen injection pipe 4, and a lily-shaped impeller 6 is fixed to the lower end of the branch pipe 24. The periphery of the lily-shaped impeller 6 is welded to the inner wall of the hydrogen injection pipe 4. When the cold hydrogen reaches the position of the lily-shaped impeller 6 from above, it can drive the lily-shaped impeller 6 to rotate, causing the hydrogen injection pipe 4 to rotate, so that the cold hydrogen ejected from the hydrogen injection pipe 4 can reach the annular braided net 5 more evenly.

Claims

1. Coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment unit, characterized in that, Including: A plate body (31) is evenly provided with sunken grooves (34) thereon, and the sunken grooves (34) are used to receive the reaction products of hydrogen and coal tar above; A chain is suspended below the sunken groove (34) near the outer edge. A flow hole (343) is formed in the area of the sunken groove (34) opposite to the chain. The reaction products in the sunken groove (34) form an oil film on the chain and flow along the chain. Multiple surfaces of the chain are used to attach more oil films; A hydrogen injection pipe (4) is arranged below the sunken groove (34) and coaxial with the sunken groove (34). Dense injection holes (41) are formed on the circumferential surface of the hydrogen injection pipe (4). The cold hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe (4) is injected onto the oil film of the chain through the injection holes (41). The chain holes on the chain are used to leave channels for the cold hydrogen; The chain is a second chain (36), and the second chain (36) includes a first-stage chain (361), a first-stage conical distribution disk (362) located at the lower end of the first-stage chain (361), and a second-stage chain (363) located below the first-stage conical distribution disk (362). The first-stage chain (361) and the second-stage chain (363) are bendable flexible chains; A partition plate (32) is arranged between two adjacent sunken grooves (34). A plate shaft (37) is arranged on the partition plate (32). The upper end of the plate shaft (37) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the plate body (31), and the lower end of the plate shaft (37) is fixedly provided with a secondary distribution disk (16). A torsion spring is arranged between the partition plate (32) and the plate shaft (37); A plate hole (321) is formed in the partition plate (32).

2. The coal tar hydrogenation pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein: The chain is a single chain (33), and the upper end of the single chain (33) passes through the flow hole (343) and is fixedly arranged in the sunken groove (34).

3. The coal tar hydrogenation pretreatment device according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the first-stage chain (361) passes through the flow hole (343) and is fixedly arranged in the sunken groove (34); The second-stage chain (363) is distributed in the area near the outer edge of the first-stage conical distribution disk (362). A flow splitting hole (367) is axially formed in the area of the first-stage conical distribution disk (362) opposite to the second-stage chain (363). The reaction products on the first-stage conical distribution disk (362) enter the second-stage chain (363) through the flow splitting hole (367).

4. The coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device according to claim 3, wherein: An end ring (366) is arranged between the lower ends of multiple second-stage chains (363).

5. The coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device according to claim 3, wherein: A cofferdam (368) is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface of the first-stage conical distribution disk (362) to limit the reaction products from falling from areas other than the flow splitting hole (367).

6. The coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device according to claim 5, wherein: It further includes an inlet pipe (2), and the inlet pipe (2) is used to provide cold hydrogen to the hydrogen injection pipe (4); The inlet pipe (2) includes: A ring pipe (22) is located above the plate body (31). A branch pipe (24) is arranged in the area of the lower surface of the ring pipe (22) opposite to the hydrogen injection pipe (4), and the lower end of the branch pipe (24) is inserted into the hydrogen injection pipe (4); A main pipe (21) is arranged on one side of the ring pipe (22) and is used to transport external cold hydrogen to the ring pipe (22).

7. The coal tar hydrotreating pretreatment device according to claim 6, wherein: The lower end of the branch pipe (24) extends into the lower end of the hydrogen injection pipe (4), and a gap is reserved between the lower end of the branch pipe and the lower end of the hydrogen injection pipe (4) to allow the cold hydrogen in the hydrogen injection pipe (4) to flow upward from bottom to top.

Images