Cutting method and cutting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting method and a cutting device, and belongs to the technical field of cutting machines, mechanical pre-cutting and laser fine cutting are combined, an initial notch is formed through mechanical pre-cutting, accurate reference is provided for laser fine cutting, the laser cutting difficulty is reduced, the laser cutting time is shortened, and the cutting efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the laser cutting speed is high, the laser cutting device is suitable for materials of various shapes and sizes, and the cutting efficiency is further improved. Compared with single laser cutting, the cutting device is low in cost, the cost of the mechanical cutting module is relatively low, and maintenance is easy; the mechanical cutting module is used for pre-cutting the laser cutting module, so that the service time of the laser cutting module is shortened, and the loss and maintenance cost of the laser equipment are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cutting machines, and in particular relates to a cutting method and a cutting device. Background Art

[0002] Existing cutting methods mainly include mechanical cutting and laser cutting.

[0003] Mechanical cutting usually uses a rotary cutter or a straight knife for cutting. Its advantages are low cost and suitable for mass production. However, mechanical cutting has the following disadvantages: Limited precision: The precision of mechanical cutting is limited by the sharpness and stability of the tool, as well as the thickness and texture of the material. For thinner or softer materials, cutting deviation is prone to occur.

[0004] Low efficiency: When cutting complex shapes or small-sized materials, mechanical cutting is slow, and the tool wears quickly and needs to be replaced frequently.

[0005] Material waste: During the mechanical cutting process, due to the cutting method of the tool, burrs or cracks are easily generated on the edge of the material, resulting in material waste.

[0006] Laser cutting uses a high-energy laser beam to cut materials. Laser cutting has high precision and can achieve fine cutting.

[0007] Laser cutting is fast and suitable for materials of various shapes and sizes. Laser cutting is non-contact cutting and will not cause mechanical damage to the material.

[0008] However, laser cutting laser equipment is expensive and has relatively high maintenance costs.

[0009] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a cutting method and a cutting device with high cutting accuracy and relatively low cost. Summary of the invention

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention discloses a cutting method and a cutting device, which form an initial cut through mechanical pre-cutting and laser precision cutting, provide an accurate reference for laser precision cutting, reduce the difficulty and time of laser cutting, and improve the overall cutting efficiency. At the same time, laser cutting is fast and suitable for materials of various shapes and sizes, further improving the cutting efficiency.

[0011] In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical solution of this application is as follows: A cutting method comprises the following steps: a. Pre-treatment of cutting materials, including cleaning and positioning of materials; b. Cutting path planning; c. Mechanical pre-cutting: the mechanical cutting head of the cutting device performs pre-cutting along the cutting path to form an initial cut. The depth of the pre-cutting is 10% to 30% of the material thickness. d. Laser precision cutting: on the basis of mechanical pre-cutting, the laser cutting head of the cutting device performs precision cutting along the cutting path until the material is completely cut and separated; e. Post-cutting processing, including material transfer and waste collection.

[0012] The present invention also discloses a cutting device, including a mechanical cutting module, a laser cutting module, a cutting table, a material positioning mechanism, a cutting path planning system, a control system, a material unloading conveying system and a waste collection mechanism; the cutting path planning system includes CAD drawing software and a data transmission interface, and the data transmission interface is connected to the control system.

[0013] Furthermore, the mechanical cutting module includes a tool head mounting seat, a tool head switching device and a rotating tool or a straight knife. The tool head mounting seat is a disc-shaped structure with a mounting hole connected to the tool head drive shaft at the center. A plurality of tool head mounting grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the tool head mounting seat. The tool head mounting grooves accommodate different tools. The tool head switching device uses a servo motor to drive the tool head mounting seat to rotate around the tool head drive shaft to achieve rapid switching of different tool heads. A tool clamping device is provided in each of the tool head mounting grooves. The tool clamping device uses a pneumatic or electric clamping method, which can quickly clamp and release the tool head to ensure the stability of the tool head during the cutting process.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser cutting module includes a laser generator, a laser transmission system and a laser cutting head; the laser cutting module and the mechanical cutting module are arranged in parallel on the gantry frame, and the laser cutting module and the mechanical cutting module can slide and operate on the gantry frame respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the material positioning mechanism includes a material clamping device and a positioning sensor, the material clamping device includes a clamping plate and a clamping cylinder, the clamping plate is provided with a groove matching the shape of the material, and the clamping cylinder drives the clamping plate to move up and down to firmly clamp the material; the positioning sensor is a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor, which is installed around the material clamping device and can detect the position and posture of the material in real time, and transmit the detection signal to the control system. The control system adjusts the cutting position of the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module according to the detection signal to ensure the cutting accuracy.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser generator adopts a fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser, and the laser cutting head includes a focusing lens, a nozzle and a guide auxiliary gas.

[0017] Furthermore, the material unloading conveying system includes a conveyor belt and a material unloading robot. The conveyor belt is installed below the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module and behind the cutting table to convey the cut materials. The material unloading robot is installed on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0018] Furthermore, the waste collection mechanism is located at the top of the conveyor belt and below the transmission belt.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are: This application combines mechanical pre-cutting and laser precision cutting, forms an initial cut through mechanical pre-cutting, provides an accurate reference for laser precision cutting, reduces the difficulty and time of laser cutting, and improves the overall cutting efficiency. At the same time, laser cutting is fast and is suitable for materials of various shapes and sizes, further improving the cutting efficiency. Compared with laser cutting alone, the cutting device of the present invention has lower cost, the mechanical cutting module has relatively lower cost and is easy to maintain; pre-cutting by the mechanical cutting module reduces the use time of the laser cutting module, thereby reducing the loss and maintenance cost of the laser equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of the steps of a cutting method of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cutting device in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a part A of a cutting device in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mechanical cutting module in a cutting device in the present invention; List of Figure Symbols: 1. Mechanical cutting module; 2. Laser cutting module; 3. Cutting table; 4. Material positioning mechanism; 5. Unloading conveying system; 6. Waste collection mechanism; 7. Cutter head mounting seat; 701. Mounting hole; 702. Cutter head mounting slot; 703. Tool clamping device; 8. Cutter head switching device; 9. Driving shaft; 10. Laser generator; 11. Laser cutting head; 12. Gantry frame; 13. Positioning sensor; 14. Clamping plate; 15. Clamping cylinder; 16. Conveyor belt; 17. Unloading robot; 18. Waste collection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the words "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front" and "rear" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a cutting method comprises the following steps: a. Pre-treatment of the cutting material, including cleaning and positioning of the material, ensuring that there are no impurities on the material surface and that the cutting area of ​​the material is vertically aligned with the cutting head of the cutting device.

[0024] b. Cutting path planning: According to the shape of the material and the cutting requirements, the cutting path is planned using computer-aided design (CAD) software, and the cutting path data is transmitted to the control system of the cutting device.

[0025] c. Mechanical pre-cutting: The mechanical cutting head of the cutting device performs pre-cutting along the cutting path to form an initial incision. The depth of the pre-cutting is 10% to 30% of the material thickness to reduce the difficulty and time of subsequent laser cutting.

[0026] d. Laser precision cutting: on the basis of mechanical pre-cutting, the laser cutting head of the cutting device performs precision cutting along the cutting path until the material is completely cut and separated; the parameters of laser cutting (such as power, speed, frequency, etc.) are optimized and adjusted by the control system according to the characteristics of the material.

[0027] e. Post-cutting processing, including material transfer and waste collection.

[0028] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also discloses a cutting device using the above cutting method, including a mechanical cutting module 1, a laser cutting module 2, a cutting table 3, a material positioning mechanism 4, a cutting path planning system, a control system, a material feeding and conveying system 5 and a waste material collecting mechanism 6. The cutting path planning system includes CAD drawing software and a data transmission interface, and the data transmission interface is connected to the control system.

[0029] Furthermore, the mechanical cutting module 1 includes a tool head mounting seat 7, a tool head switching device 8 and a rotating tool or a straight knife. The tool head mounting seat 7 is a disc-shaped structure. The center of the tool head mounting seat 7 is provided with a mounting hole 701 connected to the tool head drive shaft 9. The outer periphery of the tool head mounting seat 7 is evenly distributed with multiple tool head mounting grooves 702. The tool head mounting grooves accommodate different tools. The tool head switching device 8 adopts a servo motor to drive the tool head mounting seat to rotate around the tool head drive shaft 9 to achieve rapid switching of different tool heads; each of the tool head mounting grooves 702 is provided with a tool clamping device 703. The tool clamping device adopts a pneumatic or electric clamping method, which can quickly clamp and release the tool head to ensure the stability of the tool head during the cutting process.

[0030] Furthermore, the laser cutting module 2 includes a laser generator 10, a laser transmission system and a laser cutting head 11; the laser generator uses a fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser, and the laser cutting head includes a focusing lens, a nozzle and a guide auxiliary gas. The focusing lens is a high-precision aspheric lens that can focus the laser beam to a very small spot diameter to improve the cutting accuracy; the nozzle is a coaxial nozzle that can coaxially eject the guide auxiliary gas and the laser beam to form a stable cutting airflow, improve the cutting quality and cutting speed, and the guide auxiliary gas is mostly nitrogen or oxygen.

[0031] The laser cutting module 2 and the mechanical cutting module 1 are arranged in parallel on the gantry frame 12. The laser cutting module and the mechanical cutting module can slide and operate on the gantry frame respectively. The control system controls the laser cutting module 2 to slide to its cutting position after the mechanical cutting module 1 pre-cuts, and performs laser precision cutting.

[0032] Furthermore, the material positioning mechanism 4 is arranged on the cutting table 3, including a material clamping device and a positioning sensor 13. The material clamping device includes a clamping plate 14 and a clamping cylinder 15. The clamping plate 14 is provided with a groove matching the shape of the material. The clamping cylinder 15 drives the clamping plate 14 to move up and down to firmly clamp the material. The positioning sensor 13 is a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor, which is installed around the material clamping device and can detect the position and posture of the material in real time, and transmit the detection signal to the control system. The control system adjusts the cutting position of the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module according to the detection signal to ensure the cutting accuracy.

[0033] Furthermore, the material unloading conveying system includes a conveyor belt 16 and a material unloading robot 17. The conveyor belt is installed below the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module and behind the cutting table to convey the cut materials. The material unloading robot is installed on both sides of the conveyor belt.

[0034] Furthermore, the waste collection mechanism 18 is located at the top of the conveyor belt and below the transmission belt, and is used to collect waste generated during the cutting process.

[0035] The cutting path planning system includes a cutting path optimization module, which automatically optimizes the cutting path according to the shape of the material and the cutting requirements, reduces the cutting length and the number of cutting times, and improves the cutting efficiency; the cutting path optimization module can also automatically adjust the corner radius and cutting order of the cutting path according to the thickness and texture of the material to reduce tool wear and material damage during the cutting process.

[0036] The control system includes a processor, a driver and an operation interface. The processor is an industrial-grade embedded processor with high-speed data processing capability and real-time control capability. It can receive the cutting path data transmitted by the cutting path planning system and the operation instructions input by the operation interface, and control the coordinated work of the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module; the driver is a high-precision servo driver, which can accurately control the movement speed and position of the cutting head; the operation interface is a touch screen operation interface, which provides a user-friendly operation interface, facilitating the user to input parameters, monitor the cutting process and perform fault diagnosis.

[0037] In summary, the present application has a simple structure. Through the combination of mechanical pre-cutting and laser precision cutting, the initial incision is formed by mechanical pre-cutting, which provides an accurate reference for laser precision cutting, reduces the difficulty and time of laser cutting, and improves the overall cutting efficiency. At the same time, the laser cutting speed is fast and is suitable for materials of various shapes and sizes, further improving the cutting efficiency. The cutting method and device of the present invention are suitable for various flexible or semi-flexible materials, including leather, cloth, plastic film, etc., and have a wide range of applicability.

[0038] It should be noted that the drawings only illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited by this shape. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Pre-treatment of cutting materials, including cleaning and positioning of materials; Cutting path planning; Mechanical pre-cutting: the mechanical cutting head of the cutting device performs pre-cutting along the cutting path to form an initial incision. The depth of the pre-cutting is 10% to 30% of the material thickness. Laser precision cutting: on the basis of mechanical pre-cutting, the laser cutting head of the cutting device performs precision cutting along the cutting path until the material is completely cut and separated; Post-cutting processing includes material conveying and waste collection.

2. A cutting device, characterized in that: It includes a mechanical cutting module, a laser cutting module, a cutting table, a material positioning mechanism, a cutting path planning system, a control system, a material feeding system and a waste collection mechanism; the cutting path planning system includes CAD drawing software and a data transmission interface, and the data transmission interface is connected to the control system.

3. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mechanical cutting module includes a cutter head mounting seat, a cutter head switching device and a rotating tool or a straight knife. The cutter head mounting seat is a disc-shaped structure with a mounting hole connected to the cutter head drive shaft in the center. A plurality of cutter head mounting grooves are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the cutter head mounting seat. The cutter head mounting grooves accommodate different cutters. The cutter head switching device uses a servo motor to drive the cutter head mounting seat to rotate around the cutter head drive shaft to achieve rapid switching of different cutter heads. A tool clamping device is provided in each of the cutter head mounting grooves. The tool clamping device uses a pneumatic or electric clamping method, which can quickly clamp and release the cutter head to ensure the stability of the cutter head during the cutting process.

4. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser cutting module comprises a laser generator, a laser transmission system and a laser cutting head; the laser cutting module and the mechanical cutting module are arranged in parallel on the gantry frame, and the laser cutting module and the mechanical cutting module can slide and run on the gantry frame respectively.

5. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material positioning mechanism includes a material clamping device and a positioning sensor. The material clamping device includes a clamping plate and a clamping cylinder. The clamping plate is provided with a groove matching the shape of the material. The clamping cylinder drives the clamping plate to move up and down to firmly clamp the material. The positioning sensor is a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor, which is installed around the material clamping device and can detect the position and posture of the material in real time and transmit the detection signal to the control system. The control system adjusts the cutting position of the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module according to the detection signal to ensure the cutting accuracy.

6. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser generator adopts a fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser, and the laser cutting head comprises a focusing lens, a nozzle and a guide auxiliary gas.

7. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material unloading and conveying system comprises a conveyor belt and a material unloading robot. The conveyor belt is installed below the mechanical cutting module and the laser cutting module and behind the cutting table to convey the cut materials. The material unloading robot is installed on both sides of the conveyor belt.

8. A cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste collection mechanism is located at the top of the conveyor belt and below the drive belt.

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