Automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of shaft body machining, in particular to a hollow shaft automatic grinding and clamping tool which comprises locking ring plates, the two sides of a hollow shaft are provided with the two locking ring plates which are in bilateral symmetry, and the two locking ring plates are jointly provided with a clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism comprises a mounting ring and lateral clamping units arranged on the two locking ring plates. Firstly, the two ends of the hollow shaft are internally expanded and clamped through the lateral clamping units, so that the axis of the hollow shaft and the axis of the locking ring plate are collinear, and then the axes of the main shaft, the locking ring plate and the hollow shaft are collinear in a double-insertion guide mode; the clamping rollers in the left clamping assembly and the right clamping assembly abut against and clamp the left side and the right side of the hollow shaft machining area correspondingly and are locked through the locking unit after abutting clamping, and finally triangular stable abutting clamping is formed on the two sides of the hollow shaft machining area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft body processing, in particular to an automatic grinding and clamping tool for a hollow shaft. Background Art

[0002] A hollow shaft is a shaft part with a through hole in the center that runs through both ends of the shaft body. It is widely used in mechanical transmission and structural support. The central through hole is used to pass cables, fluids or other components, and at the same time plays a role in reducing the weight of the shaft body.

[0003] In order to ensure the outer diameter size and accuracy of the hollow shaft and the smoothness of the surface, it is usually necessary to grind the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow shaft. Currently, when processing the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft must first be clamped and fixed so that the hollow shaft is coaxial with the main shaft and secondary shaft on the lathe or grinder, and both ends of the hollow shaft are clamped and tightened, and then grinding is performed (mainly using tools or grinding wheels for processing).

[0004] However, the clamping process of the hollow shaft currently has the following problems: 1. During clamping, the hollow shaft is first manually placed between the two centers on the lathe (one center is installed on the main shaft and the other on the secondary shaft), and then the tailstock is moved for clamping. The hollow shaft is only subjected to the left and right directed clamping force applied by the centers on the left and right sides. This clamping method makes it difficult to ensure the accuracy of the coincidence of the axis of the hollow shaft with the axis of the center, which will affect the accuracy of the external cylindrical surface processing.

[0005] 2. Secondly, during the grinding process, when the tool (or grinding wheel, etc.) contacts the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow shaft, it will exert force on the hollow shaft. When the length of the hollow shaft is too long, the grinding area is far away from the clamping positions at both ends. At this time, the stability of the hollow shaft will be affected, thereby affecting the overall processing accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an automatic grinding and clamping tool for a hollow shaft, aiming to solve the problems of the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] The present application provides an automatic grinding and clamping tool for a hollow shaft, comprising: a locking ring plate, two left-right symmetrical locking ring plates are arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft, and a clamping mechanism is commonly arranged on the two locking ring plates; an L-shaped frame is slidably arranged on the tool holder seat, and a mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the rear end surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped frame; the clamping mechanism comprises a mounting ring and a lateral clamping unit arranged on the two locking ring plates, the two locking ring plates are rotatably arranged with mounting rings, three circumferentially evenly distributed adapter frames are commonly arranged between the two mounting rings, and two left-right distributed clamping assemblies are arranged on the end surface of the adapter frame facing the hollow shaft; the clamping assembly comprises a clamping roller in contact with the hollow shaft, and a locking unit for locking the clamping roller is commonly arranged on the two mounting rings; the locking unit comprises a plurality of pins sliding along the length direction of the adapter frame and a pin hole opened on the mounting ring, and after the clamping rollers in the two clamping assemblies are respectively pressed against and clamped on the left and right sides of the processing area of ​​the hollow shaft, the locking unit is locked, and at this time the clamping assembly forms a triangular stable clamping. The lateral clamping unit comprises three arc-shaped inner support plates which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and are arranged on the inner ring surface of the locking ring plate, and the inner support plates are used for inner support clamping of the hollow shaft.

[0008] According to a favorable embodiment, the clamping assembly includes a square sleeve, and the end face of the adapter frame facing the hollow shaft is provided with a square sleeve, the left square sleeve is fixedly provided on the corresponding adapter frame, and the right square sleeve is slidably provided on the corresponding adapter frame left and right, and a mounting plate is slidably provided along its length direction at one end of the square sleeve away from the corresponding adapter frame, and the mounting plate is rotatably provided with two clamping rollers extending from left to right and distributed up and down through a connecting strip at the end face away from the corresponding adapter frame, and adjustment holes are opened on the left and right sides of the mounting plate, and a locking pin matching the adjustment hole is plugged and installed on the square sleeve, and a bolt penetrating the adapter frame is fixedly provided at one end of the right square sleeve away from the corresponding mounting plate, and a nut is threadedly installed on the bolt.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the lateral clamping unit also includes a movable plate, and the inner ring surface of the locking ring plate is slidably provided with a movable plate corresponding to the inner support plate along its diameter direction, the inner support plate is fixedly provided on the end surface of the corresponding movable plate away from the center of the locking ring plate, and a baffle is fixedly provided on the outer arc surface of the inner support plate.

[0010] According to a favorable embodiment, the lateral clamping unit includes a synchronization column 1, and the opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates are provided with through grooves corresponding to the moving plates one by one. The moving plate is fixedly provided with a synchronization column 1 with a horizontal axis and passing through the corresponding through groove. The opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates are rotatably provided with a synchronization ring 1, and the synchronization ring 1 is provided with three circumferentially distributed oblique grooves 1, and the synchronization column 1 passes through the corresponding oblique groove 1. The circumferential surface of the locking ring plate is rotatably provided with a threaded rod with an axis parallel to the length direction of the corresponding moving plate, and the moving plate is slidably sleeved on the threaded rod and the two are threadedly matched.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the circumferential surfaces of the main shaft of the spindle box and the secondary shaft of the tailstock are fixedly provided with three circumferentially distributed docking plates, a docking groove is opened on the docking plate, and a docking column corresponding to the docking plate one by one is fixedly provided on the locking ring plate.

[0012] According to a favorable embodiment, the clamping mechanism also includes an outer ring plate, the circumferential surface of the locking ring plate is fixedly provided with a cocentric outer ring plate, two mounting rings are rotatably arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two outer ring plates, and the circumferential surface of the mounting ring is slidably provided with three circumferentially distributed sliding blocks through a fixed rod with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the locking ring plate. The sliding blocks slide along the axis of the fixed rod, and mounting rods are fixedly provided on the opposite surfaces of the sliding blocks opposite to each other on the left and right. The adapter frame is slidably arranged on two mounting rods opposite to each other on the left and right, and a U-shaped clamping block is slidably arranged on the upper end surface of the frontmost adapter frame on the left and right, and two limit strips distributed on the left and right are fixedly provided on the rear end surface of the clamping block.

[0013] According to a favorable embodiment, the locking unit also includes a push plate, a push plate is provided on the lower end face of the mounting frame for sliding back and forth, a spring 1 is fixedly provided between the push plate and the vertical section of the L-shaped frame, a plurality of balls are rollingly provided on the rear end face of the push plate, an L-shaped connecting frame is provided on the mounting rod for sliding left and right, a spring 2 which is sleeved on the mounting rod is fixedly provided between the connecting frame and the adjacent sliding block, and a latch is fixedly provided on the end face of the connecting frame facing the adjacent mounting ring.

[0014] According to a favorable embodiment, the end face of the sliding block away from the adapter frame is fixedly provided with two docking columns with horizontal axes, the main spindle box and the tail stock are both slidably provided with docking blocks corresponding one to one with the two docking columns, the docking blocks are provided with two docking grooves, the main spindle box and the tail stock are both rotatably provided with two synchronous rings, the synchronous rings are provided with two oblique grooves corresponding one to one with the docking blocks, the docking block is fixedly provided with two synchronous columns located in the two oblique grooves through a connecting strip, and the two synchronous columns are slidably connected to the corresponding two oblique grooves.

[0015] According to a favorable embodiment, the locking unit also includes a wedge block, a wedge block is fixedly provided on the end face of the front connecting frame facing the adapter frame, the inclined surfaces of the left and right wedge blocks are symmetrical, and the inclined surface of the left wedge block is inclined backward from left to right, an L-shaped fixed block is fixedly provided on the front mounting rod, a pushing column is slidably provided on the fixed block, a pushing block is fixedly provided on one end of the pushing column close to the wedge block, and a spring three is fixedly provided between the pushing block and the corresponding vertical section of the fixed block, and a transition block corresponding to the corresponding pushing column is slidably provided in front of the front end of the front adapter frame, and the transition block is slidably connected to the pushing column by a horizontal column extending left and right through the axis, and a pushing frame corresponding to the transition block and located on the front side of the transition block is fixedly provided on the vertical section of the L-shaped frame.

[0016] According to a favorable embodiment, two vertically symmetrical arc-shaped plates are fixedly provided on the two front connecting frames, and the end surfaces of the remaining connecting frames facing the hollow shaft are provided with docking grooves three.

[0017] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention first completes the internal expansion clamping of the two ends of the hollow shaft through the lateral clamping unit, so that the axis of the hollow shaft is collinear with the axis of the locking ring plate, and then uses a double plug-in guide method to make the axes of the main shaft, locking ring plate and hollow shaft collinear, thereby ensuring the subsequent rotation processing accuracy.

[0018] 2. The present invention uses the clamping rollers in the left and right clamping assemblies to clamp the left and right sides of the hollow shaft processing area respectively, and locks them through a locking unit after clamping, eventually forming a triangular stable clamping on both sides of the hollow shaft processing area, thereby improving the stability of the hollow shaft itself and ensuring the grinding accuracy.

[0019] 3. The present invention adapts to the change in the size of the processing area of ​​the hollow shaft by setting the adjustable spacing between the mounting plate and the square sleeve in the clamping assembly, thereby adapting to the grinding requirements, ensuring that the hollow shaft is evenly stressed, and improving the stability of the hollow shaft itself. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of the synchronization ring 2, the docking block and the docking plate of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the adapter bracket, L-shaped bracket and mounting plate of the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of the adapter bracket and the mounting rod of the present invention is shown in a front view.

[0026] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of the push plate, the ball and the adapter frame of the present invention is shown from a right side viewing angle.

[0027] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the inner support plate, the baffle plate and the connecting frame of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 8 Shows Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0029] Fig. 9 A partial cross-sectional view of a synchronizer ring 1, a locking ring plate and an inner support plate of the present invention is shown.

[0030] The above drawings include the following reference numerals: 1. locking ring plate; 2. clamping mechanism; 20. L-shaped frame; 200. mounting frame; 21. mounting ring; 210. adapter frame; 22. clamping assembly; 220. clamping roller; 221. square sleeve; 222. mounting plate; 223. adjustment hole; 224. locking pin; 225. bolt; 23. outer ring plate; 230. sliding block; 231. mounting rod; 232. clamping block; 233. limit strip; 3. locking unit; 30. latch; 31. pin hole; 32. push plate; 320. spring 1; 321. ball; 322. connecting frame; 323. spring 2; 33. Docking column 2; 330. Docking block; 331. Docking groove 2; 332. Synchronizing ring 2; 333. Synchronizing column 2; 34. Wedge block; 340. Fixed block; 341. Push column; 342. Push block; 343. Transition block; 344. Push frame; 35. Arc plate; 350. Docking groove 3; 4. Lateral clamping unit; 40. Inner support plate; 41. Moving plate; 42. Baffle; 43. Synchronizing column 1; 430. Synchronizing ring 1; 431. Threaded rod; 44. Docking plate; 440. Docking groove 1; 441. Docking column 1; 5. Spindle box; 6. Tool holder seat; 7. Tail stock; 8. Center. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, an automatic grinding clamping tool for a hollow shaft is installed on a lathe and used in conjunction with a spindle box 5, a tool holder seat 6 and a tailstock 7. The clamping tool comprises: a locking ring plate 1, two left-right symmetrical locking ring plates 1 are arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft, a clamping mechanism 2 is commonly arranged on the two locking ring plates 1, an L-shaped frame 20 is slidably arranged on the tool holder seat 6, a mounting frame 200 is fixedly arranged on the rear end surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped frame 20, and a tool for grinding processing (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the mounting frame 200.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a mounting ring 21, and the mounting ring 21 is rotatably provided on the two locking ring plates 1. Three circumferentially evenly distributed adapter frames 210 are commonly provided between the two mounting rings 21. The end surface of the adapter frame 210 facing the hollow shaft is provided with two left and right distributed clamping components 22, and the clamping component 22 includes a clamping roller 220 in contact with the hollow shaft. The two mounting rings 21 are commonly provided with a locking unit 3 for locking the clamping roller 220; the locking unit 3 includes a plurality of pins 30 sliding along the length direction of the adapter frame 210 and a pin hole 31 provided on the mounting ring 21, and the clamping rollers 220 in the left and right clamping components 22 are respectively pressed against the left and right sides of the processing area on the clamping hollow shaft, and after being locked by the locking unit 3, a triangular stable clamping of the processing area on the hollow shaft is formed.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 further includes a lateral clamping unit 4 disposed on two locking ring plates 1, the lateral clamping unit 4 includes an inner support plate 40, and the inner annular surface of the locking ring plate 1 is provided with three circumferentially evenly distributed and arc-shaped inner support plates 40.

[0035] During work, before the hollow shaft is clamped and installed on the lathe, the staff first places the two locking ring plates 1 on both sides of the hollow shaft, and makes the inner support plate 40 located in the through hole of the hollow shaft, and locks the inner support plate 40. At this time, the axes of the two locking ring plates 1 are collinear with the axis of the hollow shaft. Then, the hollow shaft and the two locking ring plates 1 are placed between the main shaft of the spindle box 5 and the secondary shaft of the tailstock 7. The tailstock 7 is moved, and the inner support plate 40 is pressed left and right by the top 8 on the main shaft and the top 8 on the secondary shaft to complete the left and right clamping of the hollow shaft. Then, the adapter frame 210 is moved to the specified grinding The machining area is set, and the clamping assembly 22 is adjusted so that the length of the clamping assembly 22 is adapted to the subsequent clamping process. The tool holder 6 moves horizontally to the designated machining area and then moves backward. Through the backward movement process, the clamping assembly 22 is first pushed so that all the clamping rollers 220 are pressed against the hollow shaft. Then, the pin 30 in the locking unit 3 is driven to be inserted into the corresponding pin hole 31 to complete the locking process of the clamping roller 220. The spindle in the lathe spindle box 5 drives the locking ring plate 1, the center 8 and the hollow shaft to rotate synchronously under the drive of the existing drive system on the lathe, so that the tool grinds the hollow shaft.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the clamping assembly 22 includes a square sleeve 221, and the end surface of the adapter frame 210 facing the hollow shaft is provided with a square sleeve 221, the left square sleeve 221 is fixedly arranged on the corresponding adapter frame 210, and the right square sleeve 221 is slidably arranged on the corresponding adapter frame 210 left and right, and an installation plate 222 is slidably arranged along its length direction at one end of the square sleeve 221 away from the corresponding adapter frame 210, and the installation plate 222 is rotatably provided with two clamping rollers 220 extending from left to right and distributed up and down through a connecting strip at the end surface away from the corresponding adapter frame 210, and adjustment holes 223 are opened on the left and right sides of the installation plate 222, and a locking pin 224 cooperating with the adjustment hole 223 is plugged and installed on the square sleeve 221, and a bolt 225 penetrating the adapter frame 210 is fixedly arranged at one end of the right square sleeve 221 away from the corresponding mounting plate 222, and a nut is threadedly installed on the bolt 225.

[0037] After the hollow shaft and the two locking ring plates 1 (the locking ring plates 1 are installed on both sides of the hollow shaft) are clamped and placed on the lathe, the clamping position of the clamping assembly 22 is adjusted according to the required grinding area on the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow shaft. The specific implementation steps are as follows: first, manually pull out the locking pin 224 to separate it from the mounting plate 222, then move and adjust the mounting plate 222 so that the adjustment hole 223 at the specified position on the mounting plate 222 is opposite to the locking pin 224, and then reinsert the locking pin 224 to complete the mounting plate 222 and Adjustment of the clamping roller 220, then loosen the nut, move the right square sleeve 221, and adjust the distance between the two corresponding square sleeves 221 on the left and right according to the length of the grinding area required on the outer cylindrical surface of the hollow shaft. After adjustment, tighten the nut to complete the re-fixation of the right square sleeve 221. Through the above operation, it is ensured that after the subsequent movement of the adapter frame 210, the clamping roller 220 can contact the circumferential surface close to the grinding area, so as to adapt to the processing requirements of the outer cylindrical surfaces of different diameter areas and different axial lengths on the hollow shaft. When the distance between the two square sleeves 221 on the front side is fixed, the two square sleeves 221 serve as the reference for the movement of the mounting frame 200, thereby limiting the area where the mounting frame 200 moves left and right during a single grinding operation, avoiding contact with the outer cylindrical surface of other areas on the hollow shaft to cause damage to the hollow shaft, and protecting the processed surface of the hollow shaft.

[0038] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the lateral clamping unit 4 also includes a movable plate 41, and the inner ring surface of the locking ring plate 1 is slidably provided with a movable plate 41 corresponding to the inner support plate 40 along its diameter direction, and the inner support plate 40 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the corresponding movable plate 41 away from the center of the locking ring plate 1, and the outer arc surface of the inner support plate 40 is fixedly provided with a baffle 42, and the thickness of the baffle 42 is less than the wall thickness of the hollow shaft.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, the lateral clamping unit 4 includes a synchronization column 43, and the opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates 1 are provided with through grooves corresponding to the moving plates 41 one by one. The moving plates 41 are fixedly provided with synchronization columns 43 with horizontal axes and penetrating the corresponding through grooves. The opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates 1 are rotatably provided with synchronization rings 430, and the synchronization rings 430 are provided with three circumferentially distributed oblique grooves 1, and the synchronization columns 43 penetrate the corresponding oblique grooves 1. The circumferential surface of the locking ring plates 1 is rotatably provided with a threaded rod 431 with an axis parallel to the length direction of the corresponding moving plate 41, and the moving plate 41 is slidably sleeved on the threaded rod 431 and the two are threadedly matched.

[0040] The specific implementation process of installing the two locking ring plates 1 to the left and right sides of the hollow shaft respectively is as follows: first, the staff places one of the locking ring plates 1 on one side of the hollow shaft, and moves the inner support plate 40 into the through hole of the hollow shaft, and then manually uses existing tools to screw any one of the threaded rods 431 on the locking ring plate 1, and the threaded cooperation between the threaded rod 431 and the movable plate 41 enables the movable plate 41 to drive the corresponding inner support plate 40 to move radially synchronously. During the movement of the inner support plate 40, the cooperation between the synchronization column 1 43 thereon and the corresponding oblique groove 1 on the synchronization ring 1 430 causes the synchronization ring 1 430 to rotate. When the synchronization ring 1 430 rotates, the cooperation between the other oblique grooves 1 thereon and the remaining corresponding synchronization columns 1 43 causes The remaining synchronous columns 43 all drive the corresponding moving plates 41 to move synchronously, so the three inner support plates 40 on the same locking ring plate 1 move along the corresponding radial lines and move away from each other until the inner wall of one side of the clamping through hole is supported by the three inner support plates 40. When the inner support plate 40 contacts the inner wall of the through hole but is not tightly pressed, the locking ring plate 1 is moved to make the baffle plate 42 contact with the end face of the hollow shaft. Because the thickness of the baffle plate 42 is less than the wall thickness of the hollow shaft, and the setting of the baffle plate 42 makes a distance between the moving plate 41 and the end face of the hollow shaft, the outer cylindrical surfaces of the two ends of the hollow shaft close to the locking ring plate 1 are exposed, avoiding the problem of contact between the tool and the moving plate 41 during grinding. After the baffle plate 42 contacts the end face of the hollow shaft, the inner support plate 40 is pressed against the inner wall of the through hole, and the above operation is repeated to install another locking ring plate 1.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the circumferential surfaces of the main shaft of the spindle box 5 and the secondary shaft of the tailstock 7 are fixedly provided with three circumferentially distributed docking plates 44, and a docking groove 440 is opened on the docking plate 44. A docking column 441 corresponding to the docking plate 44 is fixedly provided on the locking ring plate 1. When the hollow shaft is clamped, the docking column 441 is inserted into the corresponding docking groove 440.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the clamping mechanism 2 also includes an outer ring plate 23, and the circumferential surface of the locking ring plate 1 is fixedly provided with a cocentric outer ring plate 23, and the two mounting rings 21 are respectively rotatably arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two outer ring plates 23, and the circumferential surface of the mounting ring 21 is slidably provided with three circumferentially distributed sliding blocks 230 through a fixed rod with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the locking ring plate 1, and the sliding block 230 slides along the axis of the fixed rod, and the opposite surfaces of the sliding blocks 230 opposite to the left and right are fixedly provided with mounting rods 231, and the adapter frame 210 is slidably arranged on the two mounting rods 231 opposite to the left and right, and the upper end surface of the frontmost adapter frame 210 is slidably provided with a U-shaped clamping block 232, and the mounting frame 200 is clamped into the U-shaped area of ​​the clamping block 232, and the clamping block 232 guides the left and right movement process of the mounting frame 200, and the rear end surface of the clamping block 232 is fixedly provided with two left and right distributed limit strips 233.

[0043] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 It should be noted that the two mounting rods 231 on the same adapter frame 210 are plugged in and matched with each other, and the two mounting rods 231 can slide relative to each other after being plugged in.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the locking unit 3 also includes a push plate 32, a push plate 32 is provided on the lower end face of the mounting frame 200 for sliding forward and backward movement, a spring 1 320 is fixedly provided between the push plate 32 and the vertical section of the L-shaped frame 20, a plurality of balls 321 are rollingly provided on the rear end face of the push plate 32, an L-shaped connecting frame 322 is provided on the mounting rod 231 for sliding left and right movement, a spring 2 323 sleeved on the mounting rod 231 is fixedly provided between the connecting frame 322 and the adjacent sliding block 230, and the latch 30 is fixedly provided on the end face of the connecting frame 322 facing the adjacent mounting ring 21.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the end face of the sliding block 230 away from the adapter frame 210 is fixedly provided with a docking column 33 with a horizontal axis, the main spindle box 5 and the tail stock 7 are both slidably provided with docking blocks 330 corresponding to the docking columns 33, and the docking blocks 330 are provided with docking grooves 331. The main spindle box 5 and the tail stock 7 are both rotatably provided with synchronous rings 332, and the synchronous rings 332 are provided with oblique grooves 33 corresponding to the docking blocks 330. The docking blocks 330 are fixedly provided with synchronous columns 333 located in the oblique grooves 33 through connecting strips, and the synchronous columns 333 are slidably connected with the corresponding oblique grooves 331.

[0046] After completing the clamping installation of the locking ring plate 1 and the hollow shaft, the locking ring plate 1 and the hollow shaft need to be installed on the lathe. The specific installation process is as follows: first move the hollow shaft to the left, and adjust the position of the sliding block 230 corresponding to the left locking ring plate 1, so that the three docking posts 2 33 on the left are all inserted into the corresponding docking grooves 2 331, and then continue to move the hollow shaft to the left, so that the docking post 1 441 on the left locking ring plate 1 passes through the docking groove 1 440 on the corresponding docking plate 44, and then move the tailstock 7, so that the docking post 2 33 on the right locking ring plate 1 is inserted into the corresponding docking groove 2 331 on the right, and as the tailstock 7 is continuously moved, the docking groove 1 440 on the docking plate 44 corresponding to the tailstock 7 passes through the docking post 1 441 on the right locking ring plate 1, and finally the two left-moving tops 8 are all inserted into the middle hole shaft, and the inner arc surface of the inner support plate 40 contacts the top 8. Through the above-mentioned double plug-in guide method, it is ensured that the axes of the main shaft, the left top 8, the locking ring plate 1, the hollow shaft and the right top 8 are collinear.

[0047] At the same time, in the above process, the mounting ring 21, the mounting rod 231, and the adapter frame 210 are fixed in the circumferential direction by the plugging mode between the docking column 233 and the docking groove 231, and the front adapter frame 210 can only move forward and backward, so that in the subsequent process, the block 232 on the front adapter frame 210 cooperates with the mounting frame 200 and guides the movement of the tool. After the docking column 233 is inserted into the docking groove 231, the three docking blocks 330 are synchronously moved centripetally or back by rotating the synchronous ring 232 and the oblique groove 2 on the synchronous ring 232 and the corresponding synchronous column 233, so that the subsequent locking unit 3 locks all the adapter frames 210. The balls 321 are provided to make rolling friction between the push plate 32 and the front adapter frame 210, so as to avoid the push plate 32 and the adapter frame 210 directly contacting to generate large friction and causing serious wear when the mounting frame 200 and the tool move left and right.

[0048] It should be noted that driven by the existing drive system on the lathe, the tool holder 6 can move left and right, the L-shaped frame 20 can move forward and backward, and the tailstock 7 can move left and right. After the locking ring plate 1 and the hollow shaft are clamped and placed on the lathe, the L-shaped frame 20 drives the mounting frame 200 and the tool to move backward synchronously. During the backward movement of the mounting frame 200, the mounting frame 200 is clamped into the U-shaped area of ​​the clamping block 232. In this way, the movement trajectory of the mounting frame 200 and the tool is guided to improve the stability during the grinding process; the two limit bars 233 are respectively matched with the corresponding two square sleeves 221 to limit the range of left and right movement of the clamping block 232 and the mounting frame 200, thereby protecting the processed part of the hollow shaft.

[0049] During the continuous movement of the mounting frame 200, the push plate 32 on the mounting frame 200 contacts the front adapter frame 210, so that the spring 1 320 is compressed. The elastic force generated by the compression deformation of the spring 1 320 pushes the front adapter frame 210 and the two corresponding sliding blocks 230 on the left and right to move backward synchronously. In this process, with the cooperation of the three docking blocks 330, the docking groove 2 331, the synchronization column 2 333 and the oblique groove 2, the remaining two adapter frames 210 are synchronously close to the hollow shaft, so at this time all the clamping rollers 220 are close to the outer surface of the hollow shaft to elastically clamp the hollow shaft. The movement principle of the three adapter frames 210 synchronously approaching the hollow shaft is the same as the movement principle of the three inner support plates 40 synchronously supporting and clamping. For details, please refer to the description of the outer support clamping process of the inner support plate 40 in the previous text.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the locking unit 3 also includes a wedge block 34. The front side of the connecting frame 322 is fixedly provided with a wedge block 34 on the end face facing the adapter frame 210. The inclined surfaces of the left and right wedge blocks 34 are symmetrical. The inclined surface of the left wedge block 34 tilts backward from left to right. An L-shaped fixed block 340 is fixedly provided on the front side mounting rod 231. A push column 341 is slidably provided on the fixed block 340. A push block 342 is fixedly provided at one end of the push column 341 close to the wedge block 34. The push block 342 and the corresponding fixed block 340 are vertically connected. A spring three is fixedly arranged between them and is sleeved on the pushing column 341. A transition block 343 corresponding to the corresponding pushing column 341 is slidably arranged in front and back of the front end of the front adapter frame 210. The transition block 343 and the corresponding pushing column 341 are slidably connected by a horizontal column extending left and right through the axis. A pushing frame 344 corresponding to the transition block 343 and located in front of the transition block 343 is fixedly arranged on the vertical section of the L-shaped frame 20. The L-shaped frame 20 drives the pushing frame 344 to move backward and pushes the corresponding transition block 343 to move.

[0051] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, two vertically symmetrical arc plates 35 are fixedly provided on the two front connecting frames 322, and the end surfaces of the remaining connecting frames 322 facing the hollow shaft are provided with docking grooves 350.

[0052] It should be noted that, in the process of synchronous movement of the sliding block 230 and the adapter frame 210, the sliding block 230 drives the connecting frame 322 and the arc plate 35 to move synchronously through the corresponding mounting rod 231, and the radial dimension of the docking groove 350 in the locking ring plate 1 is larger than the radial dimension of the arc plate 35 in the locking ring plate 1. Therefore, when the clamping roller 220 is pressed against the hollow shaft, the arc plate 35 can move into the corresponding docking groove 350, and then the front mounting frame 200 continues to move backward, the spring 1 320 is compressed, and the L-shaped frame 20 pushes the transition block 343 to move synchronously through the pushing frame 344, and the transition block 343 moves horizontally. The column drives the corresponding pushing column 341 and the pushing block 342 to move synchronously, and the spring three is stretched. Through the cooperation between the pushing block 342 and the inclined surface of the wedge block 34, the front connecting frame 322 drives the corresponding latch 30 to be inserted into the corresponding pin hole 31, and the spring two 323 is compressed. At the same time, the front connecting frame 322 drives the remaining two connecting frames 322 to move synchronously through the arc plate 35, so the remaining latch 30 is inserted into the corresponding pin hole 31, thereby completing the synchronous locking of the three adapter frames 210. The elastic clamping of the hollow shaft becomes rigid clamping at this time, and the two clamping components 22 form a triangular fixed frame clamping at two places on the left and right.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connect", "install", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow shaft automatic grinding clamping tool, which is installed on a lathe and used in conjunction with a spindle box, a tool holder seat and a tailstock, characterized in that: The clamping tool comprises: Locking ring plates, two left-right symmetrical locking ring plates are arranged on both sides of the hollow shaft, and a clamping mechanism is commonly arranged on the two locking ring plates; An L-shaped frame is slidably arranged on the tool holder seat, and a mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the rear end surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped frame; The clamping mechanism includes a mounting ring and a lateral clamping unit arranged on two locking ring plates, the two locking ring plates are rotatably provided with a mounting ring, three circumferentially evenly distributed adapter frames are commonly provided between the two mounting rings, and the end surface of the adapter frame facing the hollow shaft is provided with two left and right distributed clamping components; The clamping assembly includes a clamping roller in contact with the hollow shaft, and two mounting rings are provided with a locking unit for locking the clamping roller; The locking unit includes a plurality of latches sliding along the length direction of the adapter frame and pin holes provided on the mounting ring. After the clamping rollers in the two clamping assemblies are respectively clamped on the left and right sides of the hollow shaft processing area, the locking unit is locked, and at this time, the clamping assemblies form a triangular stable clamping; The lateral clamping unit comprises three arc-shaped inner support plates which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and are arranged on the inner ring surface of the locking ring plate, and the inner support plates are used for inner support clamping of the hollow shaft.

2. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a square sleeve, and the end face of the adapter frame facing the hollow shaft is provided with a square sleeve, the left square sleeve is fixedly provided on the corresponding adapter frame, and the right square sleeve is slidably provided on the corresponding adapter frame left and right, and an installation plate is slidably provided along its length direction at one end of the square sleeve away from the corresponding adapter frame, and the end face of the installation plate away from the corresponding adapter frame is rotatably provided with two clamping rollers extending from left to right and distributed up and down through a connecting strip, and adjustment holes are opened on the installation plate from left to right, and a locking pin matching the adjustment hole is inserted and installed on the square sleeve, and a bolt penetrating the adapter frame is fixedly provided at one end of the right square sleeve away from the corresponding mounting plate, and a nut is threadedly installed on the bolt.

3. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral clamping unit also includes a movable plate, and the inner ring surface of the locking ring plate is slidably provided with a movable plate corresponding to the inner support plate in a one-to-one manner along its diameter direction. The inner support plate is fixedly provided on the end surface of the corresponding movable plate away from the center of the locking ring plate, and a baffle is fixedly provided on the outer arc surface of the inner support plate.

4. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 3 is characterized by: The lateral clamping unit includes a synchronous column, and the opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates are provided with through grooves corresponding to the moving plates one by one. The moving plate is fixedly provided with a synchronous column with a horizontal axis and passing through the corresponding through groove. The opposite back surfaces of the two locking ring plates are rotatably provided with a synchronous ring, and the synchronous ring is provided with three circumferentially distributed oblique grooves. The synchronous column passes through the corresponding oblique groove. The circumferential surface of the locking ring plate is rotatably provided with a threaded rod with an axis parallel to the length direction of the corresponding moving plate. The moving plate is slidably sleeved on the threaded rod and the two are threadedly matched.

5. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential surfaces of the main shaft of the spindle box and the secondary shaft of the tailstock are fixedly provided with three circumferentially distributed docking plates, each of which is provided with a docking groove, and a docking column corresponding to the docking plate is fixedly provided on the locking ring plate. When the hollow shaft is clamped, the docking column is inserted into the corresponding docking groove.

6. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism also includes an outer ring plate, a cocentric outer ring plate is fixedly provided on the circumferential surface of the locking ring plate, two mounting rings are rotatably provided on the opposite surfaces of the two outer ring plates, and the circumferential surface of the mounting ring is slidably provided with three circumferentially distributed sliding blocks through a fixed rod with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the locking ring plate. The sliding blocks slide along the axis of the fixed rod, and mounting rods are fixedly provided on the opposite surfaces of the sliding blocks opposite to each other on the left and right. The adapter frame is slidably provided on two mounting rods opposite to each other on the left and right, and a U-shaped clamping block is slidably provided on the upper end surface of the frontmost adapter frame on the left and right. The mounting frame is clamped into the U-shaped area of ​​the clamping block, and the clamping block guides the left and right movement process of the mounting frame, and two left and right distributed limit strips are fixedly provided on the rear end surface of the clamping block.

7. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking unit also includes a pushing plate, a pushing plate is provided on the lower end face of the mounting frame for sliding back and forth, a spring 1 is fixedly provided between the pushing plate and the vertical section of the L-shaped frame, a plurality of balls are rollingly provided on the rear end face of the pushing plate, an L-shaped connecting frame is provided on the mounting rod for sliding left and right, a spring 2 which is sleeved on the mounting rod is fixedly provided between the connecting frame and the adjacent sliding block, and a latch is fixedly provided on the end face of the connecting frame facing the adjacent mounting ring.

8. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end face of the sliding block away from the adapter frame is fixedly provided with two docking columns with horizontal axes, the main spindle box and the tail stock are both slidably provided with docking blocks corresponding to the two docking columns, the docking blocks are provided with two docking grooves, the main spindle box and the tail stock are both rotatably provided with two synchronous rings, the synchronous rings are provided with two oblique grooves corresponding to the docking blocks, the docking blocks are fixedly provided with two synchronous columns located in the two oblique grooves through connecting strips, and the two synchronous columns are slidably connected to the corresponding two oblique grooves.

9. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking unit also includes a wedge block, and the front connecting frame is fixedly provided with a wedge block on the end face of the adapter frame, the inclined surfaces of the left and right wedge blocks are symmetrical, and the inclined surface of the left wedge block is inclined backward from left to right. An L-shaped fixed block is fixedly provided on the front mounting rod, and a pushing column is slidably provided on the fixed block, and a pushing block is fixedly provided on one end of the pushing column close to the wedge block, and a spring three is fixedly provided between the pushing block and the corresponding vertical section of the fixed block, and a transition block corresponding to the corresponding pushing column is slidably provided in front of the front end of the front adapter frame, and the transition block is slidably connected to the pushing column by a horizontal column extending left and right through the axis, and a pushing frame corresponding to the transition block and located on the front side of the transition block is fixedly provided on the vertical section of the L-shaped frame.

10. The automatic grinding and clamping tool for hollow shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two vertically symmetrical arc-shaped plates are fixedly arranged on the two front connecting frames, and the end surfaces of the remaining connecting frames facing the hollow shaft are provided with docking grooves three.

Images