Waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel heat knife separation and recovery device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panel recovery, and discloses a waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel heat knife separation and recovery device which comprises a separation box and a photovoltaic panel, a separation mechanism is arranged in the separation box and comprises a first heat knife and a second heat knife, and the first heat knife and the second heat knife correspond to adhesive layers of the photovoltaic panel respectively. Heating wires are installed in containing grooves formed in the first heat knife and the second heat knife in a sleeved mode, and the two ends of the first heat knife and the two ends of the second heat knife are connected with the inner side wall of the separation box. By means of the specially-designed heat knife and the optimized cutting process, all assemblies in the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel can be rapidly and thoroughly separated, and the recovery efficiency is improved. And an efficient heating device is adopted, so that the energy consumption is reduced while the separation effect is ensured. No chemical reagent is used in the whole recycling process, secondary pollution is avoided, and the environment-friendly requirement is met. Automatic operation of the device is achieved through a PLC control system, manual intervention is reduced, and labor intensity is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling, and in particular relates to a hot knife separation and recycling device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic power generation industry, the number of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels is increasing. Waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels contain a variety of valuable metals such as silicon, silver, and aluminum. If they are not effectively recycled, it will not only cause waste of resources, but also pollute the environment. At present, common methods for recycling waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels include physical and chemical methods. In the physical method, mechanical crushing and separation have problems such as incomplete separation and large wear on equipment; although the chemical method has a better separation effect, it has disadvantages such as large consumption of chemical reagents, high cost, and secondary pollution. As an emerging physical separation method, hot knife separation technology has the advantages of high separation efficiency and low energy consumption, but the existing hot knife separation and recovery devices still have shortcomings in structural design and degree of automation, and cannot meet the needs of large-scale and efficient recycling of waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels.

[0003] To this end, the inventors have introduced a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels to solve the above-mentioned problems and defects. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel hot knife separation and recovery device comprises a separation box and a photovoltaic panel, wherein a separation mechanism is arranged inside the separation box, wherein the separation mechanism comprises a first hot knife and a second hot knife, wherein the first hot knife and the second hot knife respectively correspond to the adhesive layer of the photovoltaic panel, wherein heating wires are sleeved and installed in the accommodation grooves provided inside the first hot knife and the second hot knife, wherein both ends of the first hot knife and the second hot knife are connected to the inner side wall of the separation box, an outer end of the separation box is connected to a preheating box, wherein a preheating mechanism is arranged inside the preheating box, wherein the preheating mechanism comprises a shunt pipe, wherein a hot air outlet is arranged at the lower end of the shunt pipe, wherein one end of the shunt pipe is connected to the inner side wall of the preheating box, and the other end of the shunt pipe passes through the preheating box and is sleeved and installed therewith, wherein one end of the shunt pipe is connected to a heating box, and one side of the heating box is connected to an air supply pipe; wherein the heating device in the present invention adopts an electric heating wire, and can quickly heat the cutter to a suitable cutting temperature, and the blade of the cutter is designed to be a special slope shape, so as to increase the extrusion force during cutting and improve the separation effect.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a feed port is opened on one side of the preheating box, and the height of the feed port corresponds to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel. The lower end of the preheating box is connected to a first side panel, and a first conveyor belt is installed on the inner side of the first side panel. A plurality of first suction cups are installed on the outer surface of the first conveyor belt, and the first suction cups correspond to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel and are adsorbed and connected thereto. The feed conveying mechanism adopts a conveyor belt for conveying, and an anti-slip suction cup is arranged on the surface of the conveyor belt to ensure that the photovoltaic panel will not slide during the conveying and cutting process.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first discharge port is opened at one end of the separation box, the upper end of the first conveyor belt passes through the feed port and the first discharge port, and a first collecting box is arranged below the end of the first conveyor belt; when the photovoltaic panel enters the preheating box, it is preheated by hot air to make subsequent thermal cutting easier; the discharge collection mechanism includes a plurality of collection boxes, which are respectively used to collect separated silicon wafers, glass panels, base plates and other materials.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second discharge port and a third discharge port are respectively provided on both sides of the separation box, a second conveyor belt is installed inside the second discharge port, a plurality of anti-sticking protrusions are connected to the surface of the second conveyor belt, and one side of the second conveyor belt corresponds to the second hot knife and is on the same horizontal plane with it.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the second conveyor belt passes through the side wall of the separation box and is movably tied thereto, second side panels are installed on both sides of the second conveyor belt, and one inner end of the second side panel is connected to the two sides of the separation box, and a second collecting box is arranged below one end of the second conveyor belt; wherein the top glass panel of the photovoltaic panel is adsorbed and transferred by the suction cup on the surface of the third conveyor belt, and when the glass panel is cut off, it will fall on the surface of the isolation net.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third conveyor belt is provided at the upper end of the separation box, a plurality of second suction cups are connected to the outer surface of the third conveyor belt, third side panels are installed on both sides of the third conveyor belt, an inner end of the third side panel is connected to both sides of the separation box, one end of the third conveyor belt passes through the third discharge port, and the other end of the third conveyor belt passes through the upper end of the side wall of the separation box and is movably tied thereto, and a third collecting box is provided below one end of the third conveyor belt; then the pressing plate is lowered by the electric push rod, and the third conveyor belt is squeezed down at the same time, and the suction cups on the surface of the third conveyor belt will be adsorbed on the glass panel.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric push rod is installed on the inner top of the separation box, and a pressing plate is connected to the end of the telescopic rod at the lower end of the electric push rod, and the pressing plate corresponds to the inner side of the third conveyor belt and the top panel of the photovoltaic panel; the reason for selecting the isolation net is that it is not easy to adhere to the colloid under the glass panel. When the glass panel is sent out of the separation box, the conveyor belt will turn to separate the suction cup from the glass panel, and the glass panel will fall into the designated collection box.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an isolation net is installed inside the separation box, the isolation net corresponds to the lower end of the third conveyor belt, and one side of the isolation net corresponds to the first hot knife and is on the same horizontal plane therewith.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Improve separation efficiency: The specially designed hot knife and optimized cutting process can quickly and thoroughly separate the components in the waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels, greatly improving the recycling efficiency.

[0013] 2. Reduce energy consumption: Adopt high-efficiency heating device to reduce energy consumption while ensuring separation effect.

[0014] 3. Environmentally friendly and pollution-free: No chemical reagents are used in the entire recycling process, which avoids secondary pollution and meets environmental protection requirements.

[0015] 4. High degree of automation: The PLC control system realizes the automatic operation of the device, which reduces manual intervention and labor intensity.

[0016] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In the attached picture: Figure 1 It is an overall three-dimensional main view schematic diagram of a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels; Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels; Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of a heating process of a crystalline silicon photovoltaic panel in a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels; Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of an adsorption mechanism of a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels; Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of a conveying mechanism of a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels; Figure 6It is an enlarged upward schematic diagram of the preheating mechanism of a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels.

[0018] In the figure: 1. separation box; 2. preheating box; 3. photovoltaic panel; 4. first conveyor belt; 5. first suction cup; 6. first side panel; 7. support frame; 8. heating box; 9. air supply pipe; 10. second conveyor belt; 11. anti-sticking protrusion; 12. second side panel; 13. third conveyor belt; 14. second suction cup; 15. third collecting box; 16. first collecting box; 17. second collecting box; 18. first discharge port; 19. feed port; 20. third discharge port; 21. second discharge port; 22. isolation net; 23. pressing plate; 24. electric push rod; 25. first hot knife; 26. second hot knife; 27. heating wire; 28. shunt pipe; 29. ​​hot air outlet; 30. third side panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels comprises a separation box 1 and a photovoltaic panel 3. A separation mechanism is arranged inside the separation box 1, and the separation mechanism comprises a first hot knife 25 and a second hot knife 26, the first hot knife 25 and the second hot knife 26 respectively correspond to the adhesive layer of the photovoltaic panel 3, and heating wires 27 are sleeved and installed in the accommodating grooves provided inside the first hot knife 25 and the second hot knife 26, and both ends of the first hot knife 25 and the second hot knife 26 are connected to the inner side wall of the separation box 1, and a preheating box 2 is connected to the outer end of the separation box 1, and a preheating mechanism is arranged inside the preheating box 2, and the preheating mechanism comprises a shunt pipe 28, and a hot air outlet 29 is arranged at the lower end of the shunt pipe 28, one end of the shunt pipe 28 is connected to the inner side wall of the preheating box 2, and the other end of the shunt pipe 28 passes through the preheating box 2 and is sleeved and installed therewith, one end of the shunt pipe 28 is connected to the heating box 8, and one side of the heating box 8 is connected to the air supply pipe 9.

[0021] In this setting, the heating device in the present invention adopts an electric heating wire, which can quickly heat the tool to a suitable cutting temperature. The blade of the tool is designed to be a special slope shape to increase the extrusion force during cutting and improve the separation effect.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, in a specific embodiment, a feed port 19 is opened on one side of the preheating box 2, and the height of the feed port 19 corresponds to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel 3. The lower end of the preheating box 2 is connected to a first side panel 6, and a first conveyor belt 4 is installed on the inner side of the first side panel 6. A plurality of first suction cups 5 are installed on the outer surface of the first conveyor belt 4, and the first suction cups 5 correspond to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 3 and are adsorbed and connected thereto.

[0023] In this configuration, the feed conveying mechanism uses a conveyor belt for conveying, and an anti-skid suction cup is provided on the surface of the conveyor belt to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 3 does not slide during the conveying and cutting process.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a first discharge port 18 is opened at one end of the separation box 1, the upper end of the first conveyor belt 4 passes through the feed port 19 and the first discharge port 18, and a first collecting box 16 is arranged below the end of the first conveyor belt 4.

[0025] In this arrangement, when the photovoltaic panel 3 enters the preheating box, it is preheated by hot air, making subsequent thermal cutting easier.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a second discharge port 21 and a third discharge port 20 are respectively provided on both sides of the separation box 1, and a second conveyor belt 10 is installed inside the second discharge port 21, and a plurality of anti-sticking protrusions 11 are connected to the surface of the second conveyor belt 10, and one side of the second conveyor belt 10 corresponds to the second hot knife 26 and is on the same horizontal plane therewith.

[0027] In this configuration, the material discharging and collecting mechanism includes a plurality of collecting boxes, which are used to collect the separated silicon wafers, glass panels, bottom plates and other materials.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in a specific embodiment, one end of the second conveyor belt 10 passes through the side wall of the separation box 1 and is movably tied thereto, second side panels 12 are installed on both sides of the second conveyor belt 10, and one inner end of the second side panel 12 is connected to both sides of the separation box 1, and a second collecting box 17 is arranged below one end of the second conveyor belt 10.

[0029] In this setting, the collection box and the hot knife separation mechanism are connected by a conveyor belt, and the materials automatically fall into the corresponding collection box under the action of the conveyor belt.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, in a specific embodiment, a third conveyor belt 13 is provided at the upper end of the separation box 1, and a plurality of second suction cups 14 are connected to the outer surface of the third conveyor belt 13, and third side panels 30 are installed on both sides of the third conveyor belt 13, and one inner end of the third side panel 30 is connected to the two sides of the separation box 1, one end of the third conveyor belt 13 passes through the third discharge port 20, and the other end of the third conveyor belt 13 passes through the upper end of the side wall of the separation box 1 and is movably tied thereto, and a third collecting box 15 is provided below one end of the third conveyor belt 13.

[0031] In this configuration, the top glass panel of the photovoltaic panel 3 is transferred by adsorption through the suction cups on the surface of the third conveyor belt 13 , and when the glass panel is cut off, it falls on the surface of the isolation net 22 .

[0032] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in a specific embodiment, an electric push rod 24 is installed on the inner top of the separation box 1, and a pressing plate 23 is connected to the end of the telescopic rod at the lower end of the electric push rod 24, and the pressing plate 23 corresponds to the inner side of the third conveyor belt 13 and the top panel of the photovoltaic panel 3.

[0033] In this configuration, the pressing plate 23 is then lowered by the electric push rod 24, and the third conveyor belt 13 is squeezed downward at the same time, and the suction cup on the surface of the third conveyor belt 13 is adsorbed on the glass panel.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in a specific embodiment, an isolation net 22 is installed inside the separation box 1, the isolation net 22 corresponds to the lower end of the third conveyor belt 13, and one side of the isolation net 22 corresponds to the first hot knife 25 and is on the same horizontal plane therewith.

[0035] In this setting, the isolation net is selected because it is not easy to adhere to the colloid under the glass panel. When the glass panel is sent out of the separation box 1, the conveyor belt turns to separate the suction cup from the glass panel, and the glass panel falls into the designated collection box.

[0036] The implementation principle of the hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels in this embodiment is as follows: The heating device in the present invention adopts an electric heating wire, which can quickly heat the tool to a suitable cutting temperature. The blade of the tool is designed to be a special slope shape to increase the extrusion force during cutting and improve the separation effect; the feeding conveying mechanism adopts a conveyor belt for conveying, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with an anti-slip suction cup to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 3 does not slide during the conveying and cutting process. When the photovoltaic panel 3 enters the preheating box, it is preheated by hot air to make subsequent thermal cutting easier; the discharging collection mechanism includes multiple collection boxes, which are used to collect the separated silicon wafers, glass panels, bottom plates and other materials. The collection box is connected to the hot knife separation mechanism by a conveyor belt, and the material automatically falls into the corresponding collection box under the action of the conveyor belt; the top glass panel of the photovoltaic panel 3 is adsorbed and transferred by the suction cup on the surface of the third conveyor belt 13. When the glass panel is cut, it will fall on the surface of the isolation net 22, and then the pressing plate 23 is lowered by the electric push rod 24, and the third conveyor belt 13 is squeezed down at the same time. At this time, the suction cup on the surface of the third conveyor belt 13 will be adsorbed on the glass panel. The reason for using the isolation net is that it is not easy to adhere to the colloid under the glass panel. When the glass panel is sent out of the separation box 1, the conveyor belt turns to separate the suction cup from the glass panel, and the glass panel will fall into the designated collection box.

Claims

1. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels, comprising a separation box (1) and a photovoltaic panel (3), characterized in that: The separation box (1) is provided with a separation mechanism inside, the separation mechanism comprising a first hot knife (25) and a second hot knife (26), the first hot knife (25) and the second hot knife (26) respectively corresponding to the adhesive layer of the photovoltaic panel (3), the first hot knife (25) and the second hot knife (26) having a heating wire (27) sleeved and installed in the receiving grooves provided inside the first hot knife (25) and the second hot knife (26), both ends of the first hot knife (25) and the second hot knife (26) being connected to the inner side wall of the separation box (1), and the outer side of the separation box (1) is provided with a heating wire (27) sleeved and installed in the receiving grooves provided inside the first hot knife (25) and the second hot knife (26). The end of the preheating box (2) is connected to a preheating box (2), and a preheating mechanism is arranged inside the preheating box (2). The preheating mechanism includes a shunt pipe (28), and a hot air outlet (29) is provided at the lower end of each shunt pipe (28). One end of the shunt pipe (28) is connected to the inner wall of the preheating box (2), and the other end of the shunt pipe (28) passes through the preheating box (2) and is sleeved and installed thereon. One end of the shunt pipe (28) is connected to a heating box (8), and one side of the heating box (8) is connected to an air supply pipe (9).

2. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed port (19) is provided on one side of the preheating box (2), the height of the feed port (19) corresponding to the thickness of the photovoltaic panel (3), the lower end of the preheating box (2) is connected to a first side plate (6), a first conveyor belt (4) is installed on the inner side of the first side plate (6), a plurality of first suction cups (5) are installed on the outer surface of the first conveyor belt (4), the first suction cups (5) corresponding to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel (3) and being adsorbed and connected thereto.

3. The hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first discharge port (18) is provided at one end of the separation box (1), the upper end of the first conveyor belt (4) passes through the feed port (19) and the first discharge port (18), and a first collection box (16) is provided below the end of the first conveyor belt (4).

4. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second discharge port (21) and a third discharge port (20) are respectively provided on both sides of the separation box (1); a second conveyor belt (10) is installed in a tucked manner inside the second discharge port (21); a plurality of anti-sticking protrusions (11) are connected to the surface of the second conveyor belt (10); and one side of the second conveyor belt (10) corresponds to the second hot knife (26) and is on the same horizontal plane as the second hot knife (26).

5. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the second conveyor belt (10) passes through the side wall of the separation box (1) and is movably tied thereto; second side panels (12) are installed on both sides of the second conveyor belt (10); an inner end of the second side panel (12) is connected to both sides of the separation box (1); and a second collection box (17) is provided below one end of the second conveyor belt (10).

6. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third conveyor belt (13) is arranged at the upper end of the separation box (1), and a plurality of second suction cups (14) are connected to the outer surface of the third conveyor belt (13). Third side panels (30) are installed on both sides of the third conveyor belt (13), and one inner end of the third side panel (30) is connected to both sides of the separation box (1). One end of the third conveyor belt (13) passes through the third discharge port (20), and the other end of the third conveyor belt (13) passes through the upper end of the side wall of the separation box (1) and is movably tied thereto. A third collecting box (15) is arranged below one end of the third conveyor belt (13).

7. A hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 6, characterized in that: An electric push rod (24) is installed on the inner top of the separation box (1), and a pressing plate (23) is connected to the end of the telescopic rod at the lower end of the electric push rod (24), and the pressing plate (23) corresponds to the inner side of the third conveyor belt (13) and the top panel of the photovoltaic panel (3).

8. The hot knife separation and recovery device for waste crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels according to claim 7 is characterized in that: An isolation net (22) is installed inside the separation box (1), and the isolation net (22) corresponds to the lower end of the third conveyor belt (13). One side of the isolation net (22) corresponds to the first hot knife (25) and is on the same horizontal plane as the first hot knife (25).

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