Left and right shell selected pad tool and method for loader bridge main reducer assembly

Abstract

The left and right shell selected pad tool of loader bridge main reducer assembly assembly comprises a left selected pad tool installed on the left side of the main reducer shell and a right selected pad tool installed on the right side of the main reducer shell, characterized in that the left selected pad tool comprises a left mounting flange matched with the left shell surface of the main reducer shell and a left adjusting assembly assembled in the left mounting flange and capable of moving in the left mounting flange in the axial direction, the right selected pad tool comprises a right mounting flange matched with the right shell surface of the main reducer shell and a right adjusting assembly assembled in the right mounting flange and capable of moving in the right mounting flange in the axial direction, the inner end of the left adjusting assembly is in abutment with the outer end surface of the left side bearing of the differential shell left end, and the inner end of the right adjusting assembly is in abutment with the outer end surface of the right side bearing of the differential shell right end. The application improves the selected pad accuracy, improves the operability and efficiency of the selected pad process and reduces the labor intensity. The application also provides a left and right shell selected pad method of the loader bridge main reducer assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tooling and method for selecting the left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly, belonging to the field of loader axle main reducer assembly technology. Background Technology

[0002] The main reducer housing in the loader axle main reducer assembly is integrally cast, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the differential is installed in the main reduction housing 100. The left and right ends of the differential housing 200 extend out of the main reduction housing 100 and respectively extend into the left housing 101 and right housing 102 mounted on the main reduction housing 100. Bearing chambers 103 are provided in the left and right housings and fitted with left and right bearings to support the ends of the differential housing 200. The driving bevel gear 300 on the main reduction gear meshes with the driven bevel gear 400 on the differential housing 200. The tooth flank clearance between the driving bevel gear 300 and the driven bevel gear 400 is adjusted by the shims 104 in the bearing chambers 103 of the left and right housings. After adjustment, the tooth flank clearance and meshing imprint of the driving and driven bevel gears are adjusted during operation. To ensure that the starting torque meets the preset requirements, the existing method for selecting shims involves first measuring the depth of the bearing mounting hole, then measuring the bearing height, and subtracting the bearing height from the bearing mounting hole depth to obtain the thickness of the matching preload shim. This shim selection method cannot eliminate systematic errors in the measurement and assembly process of the main reduction assembly components, as well as interference from the bearing preload clearance. It cannot guarantee that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the driving and driven bevel gears can meet the preset requirements, resulting in a low tooth flank clearance qualification rate after the driving and driven bevel gears are matched. This leads to the need for repeated disassembly and adjustment of the shim thickness after assembly and inspection, which not only damages the components but also results in a time-consuming, inefficient, and labor-intensive shim selection process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a shim selection fixture for the left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly. This fixture eliminates systematic errors in the measurement and assembly process of main reducer assembly components, as well as interference from bearing preload clearance. While ensuring that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the driving and driven bevel gears meet preset requirements, it reduces detection errors, improves shim selection accuracy, increases the pass rate of tooth flank clearance after the driving and driven bevel gears mate, effectively controls assembly quality, avoids repeated disassembly and multiple adjustments of shim thickness, improves the operability and efficiency of the shim selection process, and reduces labor intensity. The present invention also provides a method for selecting shims for the left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The left and right housing selection shims of the loader axle main reducer assembly include a left selection shim ...

[0006] Preferably, the inner end of the left mounting flange extends into the main reduction housing and is fitted onto the left bearing. The mating surface of the left mounting flange is in contact with the left mating surface. The left mounting flange is positioned on the left housing by bolts and locating pins. The inner end of the right mounting flange extends into the main reduction housing and is fitted onto the right bearing. The mating surface of the right mounting flange is in contact with the right mating surface. The right mounting flange is positioned on the right housing by bolts and locating pins.

[0007] Preferably, the inner walls of the left and right mounting flanges are respectively provided with internal threads of the same pitch. The left and right adjusting components have the same structure, both including an adjusting nut that mates with the inner wall of the right mounting flange or the thread of the inner wall of the right mounting flange. The inner end of the adjusting nut abuts against the outer end face of the left or right bearing.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting nut includes an external thread section that mates with the thread of the left or right mounting flange and a contact adjusting section that is coaxially aligned with and integrally formed with the external thread section. The outer diameter of the contact adjusting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the external thread section, and the contact adjusting section abuts against the outer end face of the left or right bearing.

[0009] Preferably, both the left and right adjustment components include a positioning nut that is threaded into the left or right mounting flange and presses against the adjustment nut axially.

[0010] Preferably, both the adjusting nut and the positioning nut have a through hole at their center that can be used with a wrench.

[0011] A method for selecting shims for the left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly, using the aforementioned shim selection fixture for the left and right housings of the loader axle main reducer assembly, is characterized by including the following steps:

[0012] S1: Install the left selection pad fixture on the left side of the main reduction housing and the right selection pad fixture on the right side of the main reduction housing;

[0013] S2: Adjust the axial position of the left and right adjustment components to push the differential housing to the left, thereby reducing the tooth backlash between the passive bevel gear on the differential housing and the active bevel gear on the main reducer to zero.

[0014] S3: Adjust the axial position of the left and right adjustment components, push the differential housing to the right to increase the tooth flank clearance between the passive bevel gear and the active bevel gear, and measure the starting torque between the active bevel gear and the passive bevel gear until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque between the passive bevel gear and the active bevel gear meet the preset requirements.

[0015] S4: Remove the left and right selection pad fixtures from the main housing. Using the mating surface of the left mounting flange as the reference surface, measure the distance A between the mating surface of the left mounting flange and the inner end of the left adjustment component. Using the mating surface of the right mounting flange as the reference surface, measure the distance B between the mating surface of the right mounting flange and the inner end of the right adjustment component. A and B are the average values ​​calculated after measuring at multiple locations.

[0016] S5: Using the mating surface of the left shell as the reference surface, measure the distance C between the mating surface of the left shell and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber. Using the mating surface of the right shell as the reference surface, measure the distance D between the mating surface of the right shell and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber. C and D are the average values ​​calculated after measurements at multiple locations.

[0017] S6: If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the left housing is located outside the mating surface of the left housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing should be selected. 左 =A+C, If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the left housing is located within the mating surface of the left housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing is selected. 左 =AC, If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the right housing is located outside the mating surface of the right housing, then the shim thickness H of the right housing is selected. 右 =B+D, if the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the right housing is located within the mating surface of the right housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing is selected. 右 =BD;

[0018] S7: The thickness H of the left shell pad calculated according to step S6 左 Select a left gasket of appropriate thickness and measure its thickness. For example, calculate the left housing gasket thickness H. 左 If the thickness difference between the left and right gaskets does not exceed 0.05 mm, the selected gasket is considered qualified; otherwise, the gasket should be selected until it is qualified.

[0019] Based on the right shell pad thickness H calculated in step S6 右 Select a right gasket of appropriate thickness and measure its thickness. The calculated right housing gasket thickness H... 右 If the thickness difference between the right and right gaskets does not exceed 0.05 mm, the gasket selection is considered qualified; otherwise, the gasket selection should continue until it is qualified.

[0020] Preferably, step S2 specifically refers to: loosening the adjusting nut in the left mounting flange to the left and tightening the adjusting nut in the right mounting flange to the left to push the differential housing to move to the left, and measuring the tooth flank clearance between the active bevel teeth and the passive bevel teeth until the tooth flank clearance between the active bevel teeth and the passive bevel teeth is reduced to zero.

[0021] Preferably, step S3 specifically refers to:

[0022] S31: First, loosen the adjusting nut in the right mounting flange by N turns to the right, then tighten the adjusting nut in the left mounting flange by N turns to the right, push the differential housing to the right, and then measure the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active bevel gear and the passive bevel wheel. 1 < N ≤ 5.

[0023] S32: Repeat step S31 until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the passive bevel gear and the active bevel gear meet the preset requirements;

[0024] S33: Tighten the locating nuts in the left mounting flange and the right mounting flange respectively.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the invention are:

[0026] The loader axle main reducer assembly left and right housing selection shims of the present invention include a left selection shim ... The tooth flank clearance between the active bevel gear on the main reducer and the passive bevel gear on the differential housing is adjusted to ensure that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active and passive bevel gears meet preset requirements. For the left housing shim selection, the distance between the mating surface of the left mounting flange and the inner end of the left adjusting assembly, and the distance between the mating surface of the left housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber, must be measured first, under the condition that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active and passive bevel gears meet preset requirements. Then, based on the positional distribution of the mating surface of the left housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber, the two measured distances are combined to calculate the shim thickness for the left housing. For the right housing shim selection, the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active and passive bevel gears must be measured first to ensure they meet preset requirements. Given the required distances between the mating surface of the right mounting flange and the inner end of the right adjusting assembly, and the distance between the mating surface of the right housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber, the shim thickness of the right housing is calculated by combining these two measured distances based on the positional distribution of the mating surface of the right housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber. During the shim selection process, the differential housing movement is driven by the cooperation of the left and right shim selection fixtures to adjust the tooth flank clearance between the active and passive bevel teeth. The distance between the mating surface of the main reducing housing and the outer end face of the bearing is determined by the left and right shim selection fixtures under the condition that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active and passive bevel teeth meet the preset requirements. This is then combined with the left / right housing... The shim thickness is calculated based on the distance between the housing surface and the bottom surface of the bearing housing. The assembly reference surfaces of the left / right housing and the left / right shim selection tooling are both the housing surface of the main reduction gear housing, which unifies the assembly and inspection references, eliminates systematic errors in the measurement and assembly process of the main reduction gear assembly components, and reduces the interference of bearing preload clearance while ensuring that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the main and driven bevel gears meet the preset requirements. This reduces the inspection error, improves the accuracy of shim selection, and thus improves the tooth flank clearance qualification rate after the main and driven bevel gears are engaged. It effectively controls the assembly quality, avoids repeated disassembly and multiple adjustments of shim thickness, improves the operability and efficiency of the shim selection process, and reduces labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main reducer assembly of a loader axle in the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the left and right housing selection pads of the loader axle main reducer assembly of the present invention being assembled on the main reducer housing.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side mounting flange.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side flange installation.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting nut.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a locating nut.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance A between the mating surface of the left mounting flange and the inner end of the left adjusting assembly in the left selection pad fixture.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance B between the mating surface of the right mounting flange and the inner end of the right adjusting assembly in the right selection pad fixture.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance C between the mating surface of the left housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber in the left housing.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the distance D between the mating surface of the right shell and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber in the left shell. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is combined Figures 2-10 The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0038] The left and right housing selection shims of the loader axle main reducer assembly include a left selection shim 1 installed on the left side of the main reducer housing 100 and a right selection shim 2 installed on the right side of the main reducer housing 100. The left selection shim 1 includes a left mounting flange 3 that fits against the left mating surface 105 of the main reducer housing 100 and a left adjusting component 4 assembled in the left mounting flange 3 and capable of axial movement within the left mounting flange 3. The right selection shim 2 includes a right mounting flange 5 that fits against the right mating surface 106 of the main reducer housing 100 and a right adjusting component 6 assembled in the right mounting flange 5 and capable of axial movement within the right mounting flange 5. The inner end of the left adjusting component 4 abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201 at the left end of the reducer housing 200, and the inner end of the right adjusting component 6 abuts against the outer end face of the right bearing 202 at the right end of the reducer housing 200.

[0039] The left and right housing selection shims of the loader axle main reducer assembly described above include a left selection shim 1 and a right selection shim 2. When the left housing 101 and right housing 102 are not installed on the main reducer housing 100, the left selection shim 1 is installed on the left side of the main reducer housing 100, and the right selection shim 2 is installed on the right side. The left mounting flange 3 is fitted with the left mating surface 105 of the main reducer housing 100, and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4 abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201. The right mounting flange 5 is fitted with the right mating surface 106 of the main reducer housing 100, and the right adjusting component 6 abuts against the outer end face of the right bearing 202. The axial movement of the left adjusting component 4 in the left mounting flange 3 and the axial movement of the right adjusting component 6 in the right mounting flange 5 adjust the differential housing 200 in the main reducer housing. The position of the housing 100 is finely adjusted to regulate the tooth flank clearance between the active bevel gear 300 on the main reducer 100 and the passive bevel gear 400 on the differential housing 200, so that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements. For the left housing shim selection, the distance between the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4, and the distance between the mating surface of the left housing 101 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103, must be measured first, based on the positional distribution of the mating surface of the left housing 101 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103. Then, the shim thickness of the left housing is calculated by combining the two measured distances. For the right housing shim selection, the main reducer 100 must first be measured first... When the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the moving bevel gear 300 and the driven bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements, the distance between the mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 and the inner end of the right adjusting component 6, and the distance between the mating surface of the right housing 102 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103 are calculated by combining the two measured distances based on the positional distribution of the mating surface of the right housing 102 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103. During the shim selection process, the differential housing 200 is moved by the cooperation of the left shim selection tool 1 and the right shim selection tool 2 to adjust the tooth flank clearance between the active bevel gear 300 and the driven bevel gear 400. The left shim selection tool 1 and the right shim selection tool 2 are used to ensure that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active bevel gear 300 and the driven bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements. The distance between the mating surface of the main reduction gear housing 100 and the outer end face of the bearing is determined, and the shim thickness is calculated by combining the distance between the mating surfaces of the left / right housings and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber. The assembly reference surfaces of the left / right housings and the left / right shim selection tooling are both the mating surface of the main reduction gear housing 100, so that the assembly and inspection references are unified, eliminating systematic errors in the measurement and assembly process of the main reduction assembly components and interference from bearing preload clearance. While ensuring that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the main and driven bevel gears meet the preset requirements, the inspection error is reduced, the shim selection accuracy is improved, thereby improving the tooth flank clearance qualification rate after the main and driven bevel gears are mated, effectively controlling the assembly quality, avoiding repeated disassembly and multiple adjustments of shim thickness, improving the operability and efficiency of the shim selection process and reducing labor intensity.

[0040] The inner end of the left mounting flange 3 extends into the main reduction housing 100 and is fitted onto the left bearing 201. The mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 is in contact with the left mating surface 105. The left mounting flange 3 is positioned on the left housing 101 by bolts and locating pins. The inner end of the right mounting flange 5 extends into the main reduction housing 100 and is fitted onto the right bearing 202. The mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 is in contact with the right mating surface 106. The right mounting flange 5 is positioned on the right housing 102 by bolts and locating pins. The mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 is in contact with the left mating surface 105. The inner end of the left adjusting component 4 in the left mounting flange 3 abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201. The mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 is in contact with the right mating surface 106. The inner end of the right adjusting component 6 in the right mounting flange 5 abuts against the outer end face of the right bearing 202. The installation position of the left shim tool 1 on the main reduction housing 100 is the same as the installation position of the left housing 101 on the main reduction housing 100. The axial movement of the left adjusting component 4 on the left mounting flange 3 is equivalent to adding shims of different thicknesses in the bearing chamber of the left housing 101. The installation position of the right shim tool 2 on the main reduction housing 100 is the same as the installation position of the right housing 102 on the main reduction housing 100. The axial movement of the right adjusting component 6 on the right mounting flange 5 is equivalent to adding shims of different thicknesses in the bearing chamber of the right housing 102. The distance between the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4 is equal to the distance between the left mating surface 105 of the main reducer housing and the outer end face of the left bearing 201. The distance between the mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 and the inner end of the right adjusting component 6 is equal to the distance between the right mating surface 106 of the main reducer housing and the outer end face of the right bearing 202. When the left adjusting component 4 and the right adjusting component 6 adjust the tooth flank clearance and starting torque between the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel gear 400 to the preset value, the distance between the left mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4 can be obtained by measuring the distance between the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4. The distance between the left mating surface of the main reducer housing and the outer end face of the left bearing 201 can be obtained by measuring the distance between the mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 and the inner end of the right adjusting component 6.

[0041] The left mounting flange 3 and the right mounting flange 5 have internal threads with the same pitch on their inner walls. The left adjusting component 4 and the right adjusting component 6 have the same structure, both including adjusting nuts 7 that are threaded to the inner wall of the right mounting flange 3 or the inner wall of the right mounting flange 5. The inner end of the adjusting nut 7 abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201 or the outer end face of the right bearing 202. The adjusting nut 7 can move in the left / right mounting flange, thereby pushing the differential housing 200 to adjust the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400. For example, by loosening the adjusting nut 7 in the right mounting flange 5 to the right and turning the adjusting nut 7 in the left mounting flange 3 to the right, the differential housing 200 can be pushed to the right to increase the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400. The tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 needs to be adjusted multiple times in the process of adjusting the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 to the preset value. After each adjustment, the main bevel gear 300 is rotated with a torque wrench to measure the starting torque of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements.

[0042] The adjusting nut 7 includes an externally threaded section 71 that threads with the left mounting flange 3 or the right mounting flange 5, and a contact adjusting section 72 that is coaxially aligned with and integrally formed with the externally threaded section 71. The outer diameter of the contact adjusting section 72 is smaller than the outer diameter of the externally threaded section 71, and the contact adjusting section 72 abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201 or the outer end face of the right bearing 202. As shown in the attached drawings, the contact adjusting section 72 is located inside the externally threaded section, and its inner end abuts against the outer end face of the left bearing 201 or the right bearing 202. By adjusting the nut 7, the right bearing 201 and the right bearing 202 are moved, thereby driving the differential housing 200 to move and adjust the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400.

[0043] The left adjustment assembly 4 and the right adjustment assembly 6 both include a positioning nut 8 that is threaded into the left mounting flange 3 or the right mounting flange 5 and presses against the adjusting nut 7 axially. The positioning nut 8 is installed in both the left mounting flange 3 and the right mounting flange 5. By pressing the adjusting nut 7 with the positioning nut 8, the position of the adjusting nut 7 in the left mounting flange 3 and the right mounting flange 5 is positioned after the tooth backlash of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 is adjusted to the correct position. This prevents the adjusting nut 7 from moving within the left and right mounting flanges and causing a decrease in the accuracy of subsequent measurements, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of shim selection.

[0044] Both the adjusting nut 7 and the positioning nut 8 have a through hole at their center that can be used with a wrench. This through hole allows for easy movement of the adjusting nut 7 and the positioning nut 8 within the left and right mounting flanges, improving operational convenience.

[0045] This invention also protects a method for selecting shims for the left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly. The method uses the aforementioned shim selection tooling for the left and right housings of the loader axle main reducer assembly, and is characterized by the following steps:

[0046] S1: Install the left selection pad fixture 1 on the left side of the main reduction housing 100, and install the right selection pad fixture 2 on the right side of the main reduction housing 100;

[0047] S2: Adjust the axial position of the left adjustment component 4 and the right adjustment component 6 to push the differential housing 200 to the left so that the tooth backlash between the passive bevel gear 300 on the differential housing 200 and the active bevel gear 400 on the main reducer 100 is reduced to zero.

[0048] S3: Adjust the axial position of the left adjustment component 4 and the right adjustment component 6, push the differential housing 200 to the right to increase the tooth flank clearance between the passive bevel gear 400 and the active bevel gear 300, and measure the starting torque between the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel gear 400 until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque between the passive bevel gear 400 and the active bevel gear 300 meet the preset requirements.

[0049] S4: Remove the left selection pad fixture 1 and the right selection pad fixture 2 from the main reducer housing 100. Using the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 as the reference surface, measure the distance A between the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 and the inner end of the left adjusting component 4. Using the mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 as the reference surface, measure the distance B between the mating surface of the right mounting flange 5 and the inner end of the right adjusting component 6. A and B are the average values ​​calculated after multiple measurements. Distance A is equal to the distance between the left mating surface 105 of the main reducer housing 100 and the outer end face of the left bearing 201 when the tooth flank clearance and starting torque between the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements. Distance B is equal to the distance between the right mating surface 106 of the main reducer housing 100 and the outer end face of the right bearing 202 when the tooth flank clearance and starting torque between the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements.

[0050] S5: Using the mating surface of the left housing 101 as the reference plane, measure the distance C between the mating surface of the left housing 101 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103. Using the mating surface of the right housing 102 as the reference plane, measure the distance D between the mating surface of the right housing 102 and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103. C and D are the average values ​​calculated after measurements at multiple locations. Since the mating surface of the left housing 101 is in contact with the left mating surface 105 of the main reduction housing 100 when the left housing 101 is installed on the main reduction housing 100, and the mating surface of the right housing 102 is in contact with the right mating surface 106 of the main reduction housing 100 when the right housing 102 is installed on the main reduction housing 100, the mating surface of the left mounting flange 3 is in contact with the bottom surface of the bearing chamber 103 when the left mounting flange is installed on the main reduction housing 100. When the shell surface 101 is fitted with the left shell surface 105, and the right mounting flange 5 is installed on the main reduction housing 100, the shell surface of the right mounting flange 5 is fitted with the right shell surface 106. Therefore, the shell surface of the left housing 101 and the shell surface of the left mounting flange 3 are the same reference surface, and the shell surface of the right housing 102 and the shell surface of the right mounting flange 5 are the same reference surface. The reference surfaces for measuring distances A and C are the same, and the reference surfaces for measuring distances B and C are the same, so that the assembly and inspection references are unified, eliminating systematic errors in the measurement and assembly process of the main reduction assembly components and interference from bearing preload clearance. On the basis of ensuring that the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the main and driven bevel teeth can meet the preset requirements, the inspection error is reduced and the accuracy of shim selection is improved.

[0051] S6: If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the left housing 101 is located outside the mating surface of the left housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing is selected. 左 =A+C, If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the left housing is located within the mating surface of the left housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing is selected. 左 =AC, If the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the right housing is located outside the mating surface of the right housing, then the shim thickness H of the right housing is selected. 右 =B+D, if the bottom surface of the bearing chamber of the right housing is located within the mating surface of the right housing, then the shim thickness H of the left housing is selected. 右 =BD; The shim selection needs to be calculated based on the relative positions of the upper mating surfaces of the left and right housings and the bottom surface of the bearing housing, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 9 As shown, the bottom surface of the bearing housing of the left housing is located outside the mating surface of the left housing. Therefore, the thickness H of the shim selected for the left housing is calculated. 左 The values ​​of distance A and distance C should be added together, and appended. Figure 10 As shown, the bottom surface of the bearing housing of the right housing is located outside the mating surface of the right housing. Therefore, the thickness H of the shim selected for the right housing is calculated. 右 The values ​​of distance B and distance D should also be added together to ensure that the influence of the dimensional error on the left shell on the pad thickness is eliminated, thus ensuring the accuracy of the pad thickness selection.

[0052] S7: The thickness H of the left shell pad calculated according to step S6 左Select a left gasket of appropriate thickness and measure its thickness. For example, calculate the left housing gasket thickness H. 左 If the thickness difference between the left and right gaskets does not exceed 0.05 mm, the selected gasket is considered qualified; otherwise, the gasket should be selected until it is qualified.

[0053] Based on the right shell pad thickness H calculated in step S6 右 Select a right gasket of appropriate thickness and measure its thickness. The calculated right housing gasket thickness H... 右 If the thickness difference between the right and right gaskets does not exceed 0.05 mm, the gasket selection is considered qualified; otherwise, the gasket selection should continue until it is qualified.

[0054] After calculating the required gasket thickness, select a gasket of the corresponding thickness and measure it. If the measured gasket thickness does not exceed 0.05 mm from the calculated thickness, the gasket is qualified; otherwise, continue selecting gaskets until it is qualified.

[0055] Specifically, step S2 involves loosening the adjusting nut 7 in the left mounting flange 3 to the left and tightening the adjusting nut 7 in the right mounting flange 5 to the left, thereby pushing the differential housing 200 to the left and measuring the tooth flank clearance between the active and passive bevel teeth until the tooth flank clearance between the active and passive bevel teeth is reduced to zero. By moving the adjusting nut 7 to the left, the differential housing 200 is pushed to the left, adjusting the tooth flank clearance of the main and auxiliary bevel teeth to zero.

[0056] Specifically, step S3 refers to:

[0057] S31: First, loosen the adjusting nut 7 in the right mounting flange 5 by N turns to the right, and tighten the adjusting nut 7 in the left mounting flange 3 by N turns to the right, push the differential housing 200 to move to the right, and then measure the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the active bevel gear 300 and the passive bevel wheel 400, 1<N≤5;

[0058] S32: Repeat step S31 until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the passive bevel gear 400 and the active bevel gear 300 meet the preset requirements.

[0059] S33: Tighten the positioning nut 8 in the left mounting flange 3 and the positioning nut 8 in the right mounting flange 5 respectively.

[0060] The adjustment of the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 to the preset value needs to be done in multiple steps. After each adjustment, use a torque wrench to rotate the main bevel gear 300 and measure the starting torque of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 until the tooth flank clearance and starting torque of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 meet the preset requirements. After the tooth flank clearance of the main bevel gear 300 and the secondary bevel gear 400 is adjusted to the correct position, use the positioning nut 8 to position the adjusting nut 7 in the left mounting flange 3 and the right mounting flange 5 to prevent the adjusting nut 7 from moving in the left and right mounting flanges and causing a decrease in the accuracy of subsequent measurements, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the pad selection.

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have been fully described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for selecting gaskets for left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly, the method comprising the following steps: S1: installing a left gasket selection tool on the left side of the main reducer housing and a right gasket selection tool on the right side of the main reducer housing; S2: adjusting the axial positions of the left and right adjustment assemblies, pushing the differential housing to the left to reduce the tooth side clearance between the driven bevel gear on the differential housing and the driving bevel gear on the main reducer to zero; S3: adjusting the axial positions of the left and right adjustment assemblies, pushing the differential housing to the right to increase the tooth side clearance between the driven bevel gear and the driving bevel gear, and measuring the starting torque between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear until the tooth side clearance and the starting torque meet the preset requirements; S4: removing the left and right gasket selection tools from the main reducer housing, measuring the distance A between the joint surface of the left mounting flange and the inner end of the left adjustment assembly, and measuring the distance B between the joint surface of the right mounting flange and the inner end of the right adjustment assembly, wherein A and B are average values calculated from multiple measurements; S5: measuring the distance C between the joint surface of the left housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber, and measuring the distance D between the joint surface of the right housing and the bottom surface of the bearing chamber, wherein C and D are average values calculated from multiple measurements. characterized in that 2. A gasket selection tool for left and right housings of a loader axle main reducer assembly, the tool comprising a left gasket selection tool installed on the left side of the main reducer housing and a right gasket selection tool installed on the right side of the main reducer housing, wherein the left gasket selection tool comprises a left mounting flange abutting the left joint surface of the main reducer housing and a left adjustment assembly assembled in the left mounting flange and axially movable in the left mounting flange, and the right gasket selection tool comprises a right mounting flange abutting the right joint surface of the main reducer housing and a right adjustment assembly assembled in the right mounting flange and axially movable in the right mounting flange, the inner end of the left adjustment assembly abutting the outer end surface of the left bearing on the left end of the differential housing, and the inner end of the right adjustment assembly abutting the outer end surface of the right bearing on the right end of the differential housing.

3. The gasket selection tool according to claim 2, wherein the left and right mounting flanges have the same pitch internal threads on their inner walls, and the left and right adjustment assemblies have the same structure and comprise adjustment nuts threadedly engaged with the inner walls of the left and right mounting flanges, the inner ends of the adjustment nuts abutting the outer end surfaces of the left and right bearings. ​ ​ ​ ​ S6: If the bearing chamber bottom surface of the left shell is located outside the joint surface of the left shell, then the left shell selects the pad thickness H 左 =A+C, If the bearing chamber bottom surface of the left shell is located inside the joint surface of the left shell, then the left shell selects the pad thickness H 左 =A-C, If the bearing chamber bottom surface of the right shell is located outside the joint surface of the right shell, then the right shell selects the pad thickness H 右 =B+D, If the bearing chamber bottom surface of the right shell is located inside the joint surface of the right shell, then the left shell selects the pad thickness H 右 =B-D; S7: Calculate the left shell selected gasket thickness H according to step S6 左 Select a left gasket with a corresponding thickness, and measure the thickness of the left gasket, such as the calculated left shell selected gasket thickness H 左 If the thickness difference of the left gasket is not more than 0.05 millimeters, it indicates that the selected gasket is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified and the gasket selection should continue until it is qualified; The right shell selected gasket thickness H is calculated according to step S6 右 The right gasket of corresponding thickness is selected, and the thickness of the right gasket is measured, such as the calculated right shell selected gasket thickness H 右 If the thickness difference of the right gasket is not more than 0.05 millimeters, it indicates that the selected gasket is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified and the gasket should be continuously selected until it is qualified.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: ​ 3. The method of claim 2, wherein: ​ 4. The method of claim 3, wherein: The adjusting nut comprises an outer thread section threadedly matched with the left mounting flange or the right mounting flange, and a contact adjusting section coaxially aligned with the outer thread section and integrally formed, the outer diameter of the contact adjusting section being smaller than that of the outer thread section, and the contact adjusting section abutting against the left bearing outer end face or the right bearing outer end face.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: The left adjusting assembly and the right adjusting assembly each comprise a positioning nut threadedly matched in the left mounting flange or the right mounting flange and axially pressing the adjusting nut.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein: The center of the adjusting nut and the positioning nut is provided with a matching through hole matched with a wrench.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, S2 is specifically referring to loosening the adjusting nut in the left mounting flange to the left, and tightening the adjusting nut in the right mounting flange to the left to push the differential case to move to the left, and measuring the tooth side clearance of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear until the tooth side clearance of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is reduced to zero.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, S3 is specifically referring to: S31: loosening the adjusting nut in the right mounting flange to the right by N turns, tightening the adjusting nut in the left mounting flange to the right by N turns, pushing the differential case to move to the right, and then measuring the tooth side clearance and the starting torque of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, 1 < N ≤ 5; S32: repeating step S31 until the tooth side clearance and the starting torque of the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear meet the preset requirements; S33: tightening the positioning nut in the left mounting flange and the positioning nut in the right mounting flange respectively.

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