Multispectral partial discharge detection device and low-power-consumption control method

Abstract

The invention provides a multispectral partial discharge detection device and a low-power-consumption control method, and the method comprises the steps: outputting a pulse signal to a control module when an avalanche single photon detection module detects that partial discharge exists; the control module controls the multispectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition according to the pulse signal; the control module is also used for carrying out partial discharge detection on the image acquired by the multispectral acquisition module and controlling the multispectral acquisition module to stop working after the partial discharge detection; the multispectral acquisition module performs image acquisition on an area with partial discharge and uploads the acquired image to the control module. The avalanche single-photon detection module is used as the first-stage detector, the second-stage multispectral acquisition module is triggered and started only when the first-stage detector detects partial discharge, and the multispectral acquisition module does not need to be kept in a working state all the time, so that the working power and power consumption of the multispectral partial discharge detection device can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment status monitoring, and in particular to a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device and a low power consumption control method. Background Art

[0002] Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) is an important main equipment for substation. The long-term combined effects of electric field, thermal field, mechanical force, chemical corrosion, etc. cause changes in its operating state, especially the insulation state, and partial discharge. Currently, the commonly used online electrical sensing detection methods for GIS equipment include ultra-high frequency (UHF) method and ultrasonic method. The UHF method is susceptible to on-site electromagnetic interference, such as lightning and switch operation, and has a high false alarm rate. Although the ultrasonic method can determine the location and size of the defect, it is affected by the mechanical vibration of the on-site equipment body and external noise, and the skill requirements for the inspectors are also high.

[0003] The spectral range of partial discharge is relatively wide, covering from ultraviolet to infrared bands. Therefore, visible light, infrared or ultraviolet image sensors have been widely used in the imaging and positioning of partial discharge. However, these image sensors need to keep working when detecting partial discharge. They have high power consumption and are not suitable for long-term real-time detection under power-limited conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned traditional partial discharge detection device, such as high power and high power consumption, and being unsuitable for long-term real-time detection under power-limited conditions, the present invention provides a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, comprising: an avalanche single-photon detection module, a control module, a multi-spectral acquisition module and a power management module, wherein the avalanche single-photon detection module and the multi-spectral acquisition module are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module is connected to the power management module;

[0005] The power management module is used to supply power to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectrum acquisition module;

[0006] The avalanche single-photon detection module is used to output a pulse signal to the control module when a partial discharge is detected;

[0007] The control module is used to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images according to the pulse signal; and is also used to perform partial discharge detection on the images acquired by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and control the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working after the partial discharge detection;

[0008] The multi-spectral acquisition module is used to acquire images of areas where partial discharge exists, and upload the acquired images to the control module.

[0009] Optionally, the avalanche single photon detection module includes an infrared avalanche diode APD and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode SPAD;

[0010] The multi-spectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor.

[0011] Optionally, the device further comprises a first load switch and a second load switch, wherein the first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and the second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor;

[0012] The control module is specifically used to control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned on based on the pulse signal, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can perform image acquisition; and control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can stop working.

[0013] Optionally, the power management module includes: an energy storage battery, a boost converter, a super capacitor and a buck converter connected in sequence; the buck transformer is also connected to the control module;

[0014] The energy storage battery is used to charge the supercapacitor by outputting the electric energy through the boost converter;

[0015] The step-down transformer is used to supply power to the control module when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage.

[0016] Optionally, the power management module further includes: a first hysteresis voltage comparator, a second hysteresis voltage comparator, a logic OR gate and a logic AND gate; two ends of the first hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic AND gate, and the other end of the logic AND gate is connected to the step-down transformer; two ends of the second hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic OR gate, and the other end of the logic OR gate is respectively connected to the logic AND gate and the control module;

[0017] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high, and when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full voltage, the full signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high, and the step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate to power the control module;

[0018] When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate, and stops powering the control module.

[0019] Optionally, the working mode of the avalanche single-photon detection module is automatically switched between a linear mode and a Geiger mode.

[0020] Optionally, the avalanche single photon detection module is further used for:

[0021] Identifying a bias voltage applied by the control module to the avalanche single photon detection module;

[0022] If the bias voltage is within the first gain range of the linear region, the system operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode;

[0023] If the bias voltage is in the second gain range of the linear region, the bias voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage across the supercapacitor in the automatic mode of the linear mode; the first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low power consumption mode are lower than those of the automatic mode;

[0024] If the bias voltage is in the Geiger region, the system operates in the Geiger mode.

[0025] Optionally, the avalanche single photon detection module includes a plurality of SPADs with different central bands;

[0026] The SPADs of the multiple different central bands adopt an array scanning method to scan photon pulses of multiple different bands.

[0027] Optionally, the control module is specifically used to work in a low-speed clock working mode; when the pulse signal is received, it switches to a high-speed clock working mode to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition.

[0028] Optionally, the control module is specifically used to synchronize and fuse the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module to obtain a fused image; and perform partial discharge detection on the fused image.

[0029] Optionally, the device is installed in a gas-insulated combination switch in a built-in manner.

[0030] Another invention, the present invention also provides a low power consumption control method, the method comprising:

[0031] A power management module based on the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device is used to supply power to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectral acquisition module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device;

[0032] Based on the avalanche single-photon detection module, when a partial discharge is detected, a pulse signal is generated;

[0033] Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, the multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to perform image acquisition;

[0034] Based on the multi-spectral acquisition module, an image is acquired for an area where partial discharge exists;

[0035] Based on the control module, partial discharge detection is performed on the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and after the partial discharge detection, the multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to stop working.

[0036] Optionally, the avalanche single photon detection module includes an infrared avalanche diode APD and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode SPAD;

[0037] The multi-spectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor.

[0038] Optionally, based on the control module, controlling the multispectral acquisition module of the multispectral partial discharge detection device to perform image acquisition according to the pulse signal includes:

[0039] Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, the first load switch and / or the second load switch are controlled to be turned on, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor performs image acquisition; the first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and the second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor;

[0040] After the partial discharge detection, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working includes:

[0041] After this partial discharge detection, the first load switch and / or the second load switch are controlled to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor stops working.

[0042] Optionally, the power management module based on the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device supplies power to the control module, including:

[0043] Based on the energy storage battery of the power management module, the output electric energy is passed through the boost converter of the power management module to charge the supercapacitor of the power management module;

[0044] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage, the step-down transformer based on the power management module supplies power to the control module.

[0045] Optionally, when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage, supplying power to the control module based on the step-down transformer of the power management module includes:

[0046] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. The step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate of the power management module to power the control module.

[0047] Optionally, when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, after the step-down transformer of the power management module supplies power to the control module, the method further includes:

[0048] When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate of the power management module; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate, and stops powering the control module.

[0049] Optionally, the working mode of the avalanche single-photon detection module is automatically switched between a linear mode and a Geiger mode.

[0050] Optionally, the avalanche single-photon detection module further includes, before generating a pulse signal, when a partial discharge is detected in a gas-insulated combination switch:

[0051] Identifying a bias voltage applied by the control module to the avalanche single photon detection module;

[0052] If the bias voltage is within the first gain range of the linear region, the system operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode;

[0053] If the bias voltage is in the second gain range of the linear region, the bias voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage across the supercapacitor in the automatic mode of the linear mode; the first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low power consumption mode are lower than those of the automatic mode;

[0054] If the bias voltage is in the Geiger region, the system operates in the Geiger mode.

[0055] Optionally, the avalanche single photon detection module includes a plurality of SPADs with different central bands;

[0056] The SPADs of the multiple different central bands adopt an array scanning method to scan photon pulses of multiple different bands.

[0057] Optionally, the controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images based on the control module and according to the pulse signal includes:

[0058] Based on the control module working in the low-speed clock working mode; when receiving the pulse signal, it switches to the high-speed clock working mode to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition.

[0059] Optionally, the performing partial discharge detection on the image collected by the multispectral collection module based on the control module includes:

[0060] Based on the control module, the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectrum collection module are synchronized and fused to obtain a fused image;

[0061] Performing partial discharge detection on the fused image.

[0062] The invention provides a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device and a low-power consumption control method. The device comprises: an avalanche single-photon detection module, a control module, a multi-spectral acquisition module and a power management module. The avalanche single-photon detection module and the multi-spectral acquisition module are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module is connected to the power management module; the power management module is used to supply power to the avalanche single-photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectral acquisition module; the avalanche single-photon detection module is used to output a pulse signal to the control module when partial discharge is detected; the control module is used to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition according to the pulse signal; and is also used to perform partial discharge detection on the image acquired by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and control the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working after the partial discharge detection; the multi-spectral acquisition module is used to perform image acquisition for an area with partial discharge after image acquisition, and upload the acquired image to the control module. The present invention adopts an avalanche single-photon detection module as a first-level detector. Only when the first-level detector detects the occurrence of partial discharge, the second-level multi-spectral acquisition module is triggered to start. The power consumption of the avalanche single-photon detection module is lower than that of the multi-spectral acquisition module. After a partial discharge detection task is completed, the second-level multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to stop working. The multi-spectral acquisition module does not need to keep working all the time, so the working power and power consumption of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device can be reduced, which can meet the long-term real-time partial discharge detection under various conditions including power limitation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a hard-on and soft-off power management of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a dynamic power management for time-sharing and on-demand power supply according to the present invention;

[0066] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the detection capability of the present invention in a linear mode and a Geiger mode;

[0067] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the phase relationship between a 50 Hz power frequency synchronization signal and a photon pulse of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 6 A timing diagram of a single partial discharge detection of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an infrared / ultraviolet trigger signal judgment window of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 8The present invention is a schematic diagram of a low power consumption control process based on a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the device includes: an avalanche single photon detection module, a control module, a multi-spectral acquisition module and a power management module, the avalanche single photon detection module and the multi-spectral acquisition module are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module is connected to the power management module;

[0074] A power management module, used to supply power to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectral acquisition module;

[0075] An avalanche single-photon detection module is used to output a pulse signal to a control module when a partial discharge is detected;

[0076] The control module is used to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images according to the pulse signal; it is also used to perform partial discharge detection on the images acquired by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and control the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working after the partial discharge detection;

[0077] The multi-spectral acquisition module is used to acquire images of areas where partial discharge exists, and upload the acquired images to the control module.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, an avalanche single-photon detection module is used as a first-level detector. Only when the first-level detector detects the occurrence of partial discharge, the second-level multi-spectral acquisition module is triggered to start. The power consumption of the avalanche single-photon detection module is lower than that of the multi-spectral acquisition module. After a partial discharge detection task is completed, the second-level multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to stop working. The multi-spectral acquisition module does not need to keep working all the time, thereby reducing the working power and power consumption of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, and can meet the long-term real-time partial discharge detection under various conditions including power limitation.

[0079] In a possible usage scenario, the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention can be installed in a gas insulated combination switch (GIS) in a built-in manner to perform partial discharge detection on the GIS. Compared with traditional detection methods such as UHF method and ultrasonic wave, the built-in installation method and the closed cavity are immune to electromagnetic interference, are not affected by external electromagnetic, and are not affected by the vibration of the GIS equipment body and external noise. Less external interference can ensure a low false alarm rate and a high accuracy rate.

[0080] The power consumption of the avalanche single photon detection module is much lower than that of the multi-spectral acquisition module. As a detector, the avalanche single photon detection module has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, fast speed, and low static working current. For example, it can include an infrared avalanche diode (APD) and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode (SPAD). APD can not only detect single photons, but also detect weaker light signals, and has a higher gain than SPAD. SPAD is suitable for the detection of single photons, and has high sensitivity and high speed. Considering that the spectral range generated by partial discharge is relatively wide, covering from ultraviolet to infrared bands, the single-photon-level SPAD device based on quantum effects has been used for partial discharge spectrum detection. It has obvious advantages in perception sensitivity, spectral range, and detection speed, but the spectral coverage is still limited, and it can only judge the presence or absence of discharge, and spatial positioning is relatively difficult. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, APD and SPAD are combined to cover the spectral range of multiple bands from infrared to ultraviolet, covering a wide wavelength range, higher accuracy, and higher detection sensitivity.

[0081] Correspondingly, the multi-spectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor, which can cover the spectral range of multiple bands from infrared to ultraviolet, covering a wide wavelength range, with higher accuracy and higher detection sensitivity. Although existing visible light, infrared or ultraviolet image sensors have been widely used in the imaging and positioning of partial discharge, they have problems such as insufficient sensitivity, slow startup speed, and high power (usually between 100mW and 500mW). Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, avalanche diodes APD and SPAD are used as the first-level detection modules, which can improve sensitivity and startup speed, as well as reduce power. And when the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device is built into the GIS, the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor can be used to image the internal cavity of the GIS, so as to accurately locate the discharge position. Here, the combination of APD+SPAD and infrared image sensor+ultraviolet image sensor can achieve complementary advantages.

[0082] For example, the control module can be a low-power Field-Programmable GateArra (FGPA) acquisition and control logic module, hereinafter referred to as FPGA. FPGA has low power consumption and can further reduce the power consumption of the multi-spectral partial discharge device.

[0083] In order to realize dynamic management of the multi-spectral acquisition module, the device also includes a first load switch and a second load switch (the first load switch and the second load switch are Figure 1A first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and a second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor;

[0084] The control module is specifically used to control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned on based on the pulse signal, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can perform image acquisition; and control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor stops working. In this example, the power supply of the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor is controlled by the load switch. When the load switch is turned on, the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor are powered on and can perform image acquisition. When the load switch is turned off, the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor are powered off and stop working.

[0085] In one implementation, the power management module includes: an energy storage battery, a boost converter, a super capacitor and a buck converter connected in sequence; the buck converter is also connected to the control module;

[0086] The energy storage battery is used to charge the supercapacitor by transferring the output electric energy through the boost converter;

[0087] A step-down transformer is used to supply power to the control module when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage.

[0088] For example, energy storage batteries include photovoltaic cells, also known as photoelectric conversion circuits. Boost converters and buck converters can be considered as switch mode power supplies (SMPS). Supercapacitors are used to start a single operation of the entire detection device and start the subsequent circuits, which can meet a partial discharge detection, start the FPGA and subsequent components to complete a partial discharge detection.

[0089] In this implementation, the embodiment of the present invention can also adopt a technology that combines hard-on and soft-off, and match it with a load switch to provide power to different functional circuits on demand in a time-sharing manner, average the load, reduce the peak power consumption of the system, i.e., the device, and reduce the dynamic power consumption of the system during operation.

[0090] For example, to achieve hard-on and soft-off, see Figure 2 The power management module further includes: a first hysteresis voltage comparator, a second hysteresis voltage comparator, a logic OR gate and a logic AND gate; two ends of the first hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic AND gate, and the other end of the logic AND gate is connected to the step-down transformer; two ends of the second hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic OR gate, and the other end of the logic OR gate is respectively connected to the logic AND gate and the control module;

[0091] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high. When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full voltage, the full signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high. The step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate to power the control module, and the control module is powered.

[0092] When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate, stops supplying power to the control module, and the control module loses power.

[0093] In this example, hard-on means using a pure hardware circuit to implement energy storage capacity judgment, and when the threshold is reached, the subsequent FPGA is powered on. Specifically, the voltage VCAP across the supercapacitor is divided by resistors (R1 and R2) to obtain VTH, which is then fed into an operational amplifier (OPA) with a unit gain (Gain = 1) for impedance transformation to obtain the processed VACP, which is fed into two hysteresis voltage comparators. The voltage across the supercapacitor is compared with the reference voltage VERF (e.g. Figure 2 IC voltage reference source shown). To prevent oscillation, the hysteresis region of the hysteresis voltage comparator is greater than 200mV. When using the hysteresis voltage comparator for comparison, when the processed VCAP is lower than the reference voltage (for example but not limited to 1.8V), the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator is low, that is, the UV_SHDN low-voltage shutdown signal is valid. Because of the existence of the logic AND gate (AND), the enable signal EN is low, and the Buck step-down converter does not work; as the supercapacitor charges, when the processed VCAP becomes higher and exceeds the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high, and then as the charging continues to increase, when the processed VCAP exceeds the full voltage (for example but not limited to 3.2V), the full signal CHG_FULL output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high. Because of the existence of the logic AND gate, the enable signal EN is high, enabling the step-down transformer, and the FPGA logic is powered.

[0094] Soft start means that after the FPGA completes its work, it drives the input output interface (IO) to contact EN to lock and shut down the BOOST boost converter circuit. Specifically, after the FGPA logic is powered, it outputs an IMALIVE high signal to lock EN enable. As the supercapacitor discharges, the voltage across the supercapacitor gradually decreases. When VCAP is lower than the full voltage, the CHG_FULL output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator also becomes low. However, due to the existence of the logic OR gate (OR), although CHG_FULL is low, IMALIVE is high, and the enable signal EN is still valid. When the PFGA completes its work, the output IMALIVE becomes low. Due to the existence of the logic AND gate, the enable signal EN is invalid and the system is powered off. Or as the voltage across the supercapacitor gradually decreases, when VCAP is lower than the reference voltage VERF, the UV_SHDN output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator is flipped to low. At this time, the CHG_FULL output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator is also low. Due to the existence of the logic AND gate, the supercapacitor cannot support the system operation. At this time, the enable signal EN is invalid and the system will also power off. Therefore, in order to ensure that the supercapacitor has enough energy to restart the subsequent circuit, the embodiment of the present invention specially sets the UV_SHDN signal for undervoltage shutdown, and the CHG_FULL signal is used to control the supercapacitor to be fully charged during the first startup, that is, full energy, which is sufficient to support a single operation of the system and then restart the subsequent circuit.

[0095] In this process, the control module is specifically used to work in a low speed clock working mode (Low speed clock, LSC); when receiving the pulse signal, it switches to a high speed clock working mode (High speed clock HSC) to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition. Figure 3The above-mentioned hard-on and soft-off are combined to realize dynamic energy consumption management: when the supercapacitor is charging, the control module (FPGA) is powered off, and the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor are also powered off, and none of the three generates power consumption; when the supercapacitor is fully charged, the control module operates in a low-speed clock working mode, that is, it runs at a low-speed clock. At this time, the power consumption is low. Since no partial discharge is detected, the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor are still powered off; when the first-level avalanche single-photon detection module detects a partial discharge, for example, when the windowing judgment exceeds the threshold, the control module switches to a high-speed clock working mode, that is, it runs at a high-speed clock, and the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor work alternately. When the infrared image sensor is working, it is in an operating mode and generates power consumption, and the ultraviolet image sensor has no power consumption. When the ultraviolet image sensor is working, it is in an operating mode and generates power consumption, and the infrared image sensor has no power consumption. After the infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor finish uploading the image, a partial discharge detection operation is completed. The control module works in a low-speed clock working mode with low power consumption. The infrared image sensor and the ultraviolet image sensor are still powered off and no power consumption is generated.

[0096] By using APD / SPAD with high detection sensitivity and high speed as the first stage and infrared / ultraviolet image sensor as the second stage, when the first stage detector is running, the system is in low-speed clock drive and low-power operation mode. When the first stage detector detects partial discharge, the system switches to high-speed operation mode for image data sampling. The combination of low-speed clock detection, high-speed clock sampling and sub-functional circuit time-sharing on-demand power supply can achieve low power consumption of the system.

[0097] The working mode of the above-mentioned avalanche single photon detection module (including but not limited to APD and / or SPAD) can be automatically switched between linear mode and Geiger mode. For example, it can be switched between low power mode in linear mode, automatic mode in advance mode and reform mode. The linear mode of the detection mode is suitable for the case where the photon power is high (≥128nW, the photon count is less than 500). If you want to perform weaker level detection (<128nW, the photon count is less than 500), you can only use the Geiger mode. Here, the avalanche single photon detection module can balance the dynamic power consumption of the system by automatically switching the working mode.

[0098] Combination Figure 4 ,During the automatic switching process, the avalanche single photon detection module ,can identify the bias voltage applied to the avalanche single photon detection module by the ,control module;

[0099] If the bias voltage is in the first gain range of the linear region, it operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode;

[0100] If the bias voltage is within the second gain range of the linear region, it operates in the automatic mode of the linear mode, and the bias voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage across the supercapacitor; the first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low-power mode are lower than those of the automatic mode;

[0101] If the bias voltage is within the Geiger region, it operates in the Geiger mode.

[0102] The bias voltage can be obtained by collecting the voltage across the supercapacitor through an analog-to-digital converter, and then changing the bias voltage Vbias applied to the avalanche single-photon detection module by adjusting the boost converter. For example, Figure 4 As shown, the first gain range can be Vbias < 30V, that is, the range of the 30 after the non-gain region. The low-power mode can also be regarded as an ultra-long working mode or an ultra-long standby working mode. The avalanche single-photon detection module operates in the low-gain region of the linear region, with low sensitivity but also the lowest power consumption; the second gain range can be 30V < Vbias < 50V. At this time, the avalanche single-photon detection module operates in the high-gain region of the linear region. By detecting the voltage across the supercapacitor, Vbias is dynamically adjusted to ensure the optimal power consumption and detection sensitivity; the Geiger region can be Vbias > 55V. The Geiger mode can also be regarded as a hypersensitive mode. In the Geiger mode, the power consumption is high, but the sensitivity is the best and the gain is large. Refer to Figure 4 the right figure in, and the absorption of a single photon can saturate the output current of the detector, forming a steep pulse signal, which can achieve single-photon-level detection.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present invention, the avalanche single-photon detection module, such as an avalanche diode, has multiple working modes (ultra-long working / automatic / hypersensitive) to choose from: (1) Ultra-long working mode, ensuring a quantum efficiency > 10%, the bias voltage of the avalanche single-photon detection module is set at a lower bias voltage level (Vbias < 30V), and the dark current is in the nA level; (2) Automatic working mode, flexibly adjusting the bias voltage of the avalanche single-photon detection module according to the energy storage situation to improve the sensitivity as much as possible; (3) Hypersensitive mode, the avalanche single-photon detection module is in the Geiger mode, with a high bias voltage (Vbias > 55V), and the dark current is in the mA level.

[0104] An avalanche diode generally has the highest sensitivity only for a certain wavelength band, and the sensitivity on both sides of the central wavelength will decrease. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the avalanche diode used is not limited to a single tube and can also be an array. For example, the avalanche single-photon detection module includes multiple SPADs with different central wavelength bands (in some usage scenarios, it can also be a combination of multiple APDs with different central wavelength bands).

[0105] SPADs with different central bands use array scanning to scan photon pulses of multiple different bands. For example, the scanning of photon pulses of multiple different bands can be completed by a driving circuit. The driving circuit can power the SPAD. According to a certain power supply sequence, SPADs with different band sensitivities can be enabled, thereby realizing scanning of multiple different bands. Figure 1 In the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device may also include a driving circuit and a laser diode. The FPGA may also send the collected data (such as photon pulses and / or images) to the driving circuit, and the driving circuit transmits the data to the laser diode. Then the laser diode transmits the data to the photoelectric receiving diode via the optical fiber to realize data reporting.

[0106] In one example, the array works in scanning mode, combined with the contact ultrasonic partial discharge pattern display (PRPD) diagram, 1 cycle is segmented into 300 segments, each segment is 66.7uS, FPGA windowing is used to remove the influence of dark count rate (DCR), array scanning is used for measurement, and the detection band range is expanded. In this example, the process of using FPGA windowing to judge can be to use photon counting to judge whether partial discharge occurs by counting the number of photons generated over a period of time (i.e., windowing).

[0107] In some implementations, the control module in the embodiment of the present invention synchronizes and fuses the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module to obtain a fused image; and performs partial discharge detection on the fused image. Through the multi-spectral fusion technology, while judging whether there is a partial discharge defect, the spatial location of the partial discharge defect can also be achieved through the image, thereby improving the accuracy. For example, Figure 5 As shown, the system voltage is introduced as the synchronization signal (Sync50Hz), and one power frequency cycle is divided into 360 intervals (that is, 1° corresponds to 1 interval). The counting of the photon pulse (Photon Pulse) of the SAPD in Geiger mode is synchronized with this signal. The control module outputs a total of 360 statistical count values ​​in one power frequency cycle. In fault diagnosis, the phase information between partial discharge and power frequency can be located. In the absence of partial discharge, the dark count value generated by the SPAD will also be counted to form the system background noise; when there is partial discharge, the photon count value will suddenly increase, and the count value will become larger, which is obviously different from the system background noise. Figure 5In the present invention, avalanche single-photon detection modules such as APD / SPAD can be arranged in an array form. In order to improve the response degree to multiple bands, the present application adopts an array method to combine SPADs with multiple central bands. The driving circuit scans the SPADs of each band in turn, and counts the output pulses. This can cover multiple bands, improve detection efficiency, and have a wider detection range.

[0108] The following takes single partial discharge detection as an example to illustrate the working process of the system. The timing diagram is as follows Figure 6 As shown:

[0109] (1) First, charge the supercapacitor VCAP through an external power source or photovoltaic power generation;

[0110] (2) As the supercapacitor is continuously charged, the voltage across it gradually increases. When the voltage exceeds the low voltage threshold, the undervoltage shutdown signal UV_SHDN changes from low to high. As charging continues, when the voltage reaches the preset full voltage threshold, the CHG_FULL signal is valid. After passing through the logic AND gate, the EN signal is valid, the BUCK step-down converter starts to work, and the FPGA control logic is powered on.

[0111] (3) After the FPGA control logic is powered, the IMALIVE signal is pulled high first. At this time, regardless of whether CHG_FULL is valid or not, the logic OR gate makes EN always valid, and the Buck converter is always in working state. Then the FPGA works at a low-speed clock and enters a low-power mode. Only the Pulse Counter photon counter logic is kept working, and other logics are disabled.

[0112] (4) When the infrared avalanche diode APD detects a partial discharge signal, it sends a trigger signal IR_TRIG to the FPGA. The judgment logic Pulse Counter makes a window judgment. Once the preset threshold is exceeded, the FPGA related logic is activated, and the low-speed clock is switched to the high-speed clock. The IR_PWR_EN signal is enabled, the infrared camera is powered on, and the FPGA reads a frame of infrared image and saves it in the SDRAM. Then, IR_PWN_EN is disabled, and the infrared camera is powered off to save power.

[0113] (5) The data in the SDRAM is then sent by the FPGA to the drive circuit to drive the laser diode to send it out, completing the upload of a frame of infrared image data. The high-speed clock is then switched to a low-speed clock, and the system enters a low-power mode, waiting for the next cycle.

[0114] (6) When the SPAD single-photon avalanche diode detects a partial discharge signal, a trigger signal UV_TRIG is given to the FPGA. The judgment logic Pulse Counter makes a window judgment. Once the preset threshold is exceeded, the FPGA related logic is activated, and the low-speed clock is switched to the high-speed clock. The UV_PWR_EN signal is enabled, the UV camera is powered, and the FPGA reads a frame of UV image and saves it in the SDRAM. Then, the UV_PWN_EN is controlled to power off to save power.

[0115] (7) Then the ultraviolet image data in the SDRAM is sent by the FPGA to the driving circuit to drive the laser diode to send it out, completing the upload of a frame of ultraviolet image data. Then the high-speed clock is switched to the low-speed clock, and the system enters the low-power mode and waits for the next working cycle.

[0116] (8) Since the enable EN pin that controls the Buck converter is a logic OR, that is, the voltage on the supercapacitor exceeds the preset threshold, or the IMALIVE signal is high, as long as one is high, EN is valid. The CHG_FULL signal is used to control the first startup, after the supercapacitor is fully charged, the subsequent stage restarts. The UV_SHDN signal is used to shut down during undervoltage. Since the photon counting logic in the FPGA needs to be kept in working state at all times, IMALIVE is always high, EN is always valid, and the Buck converter is always working.

[0117] (9) A single cycle of the 50Hz power frequency is 20mS. This design divides 20mS into 360 intervals, each of which is 20mS / 360=55.6uS. The FPGA uses a windowing method, such as Figure 7 As shown, the number of pulses in a unit time is counted. When the number of pulses accumulated in 55.6uS exceeds the preset threshold (the threshold setting must be higher than the dark count rate), a trigger signal is given to activate and enable the FPGA-related logic, and the FPGA is converted from a low-speed clock drive to a high-speed clock drive. In order to improve the response to multiple bands, this application uses an array to combine multiple SPADs with different central bands, scans each band SPAD in turn through the driving circuit, and counts the output pulses.

[0118] In this example, APD / SPAD is mainly used for the first-level detection and outputs pulse signals to FPGA; the power supply of infrared / ultraviolet image sensor is controlled by load switch; the photocell charges the supercapacitor through boost converter; two hysteresis voltage comparators are used to generate undervoltage shutdown UV_SHDN signal and full CHG_FULL signal, and generate enable EN signal to control buck converter to power FPGA through logic OR gate and logic AND gate. The drive circuit receives data from FPGA and drives laser diode to send data outward, which can effectively reduce power consumption while ensuring the accuracy of partial discharge detection.

[0119] Embodiment 2:

[0120] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a low power consumption control method based on a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, which is applied to the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device in the above embodiment. The flow chart of the low power consumption control method is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, including:

[0121] Step 801: Based on the power management module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, power is supplied to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectral acquisition module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device;

[0122] Step 802: Based on the avalanche single photon detection module, when a partial discharge is detected, a pulse signal is generated;

[0123] Step 803: Based on the control module, control the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images according to the pulse signal;

[0124] Step 804: Based on the multi-spectral acquisition module, an image is acquired for the area where the partial discharge exists;

[0125] Step 805: Based on the control module, perform partial discharge detection on the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and after this partial discharge detection, control the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the avalanche single photon detection module includes an infrared avalanche diode APD and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode SPAD;

[0127] The multispectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor.

[0128] In a possible implementation, based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device to perform image acquisition includes:

[0129] Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, the first load switch and / or the second load switch are controlled to be turned on, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can collect images; the first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and the second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor;

[0130] After this partial discharge detection, the multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to stop working including:

[0131] After this partial discharge detection, the first load switch and / or the second load switch is controlled to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor stops working.

[0132] In a possible implementation, based on the power management module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, powering the control module includes:

[0133] The energy storage battery based on the power management module charges the supercapacitor of the power management module through the boost converter of the power management module.

[0134] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the step-down transformer based on the power management module supplies power to the control module.

[0135] In a possible implementation, when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage, the step-down transformer based on the power management module supplies power to the control module, including:

[0136] When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. The step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate of the power management module to power the control module.

[0137] In a possible implementation, when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, after the step-down transformer based on the power management module supplies power to the control module, the method further includes:

[0138] When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate of the power management module; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate to stop powering the control module.

[0139] In a possible implementation, the working mode of the avalanche single-photon detection module is automatically switched between the linear mode and the Geiger mode.

[0140] In a possible implementation manner, based on the avalanche single photon detection module, when partial discharge is detected in the gas-insulated combination switch, before the pulse signal is generated, the method further includes:

[0141] identifying a bias voltage applied by the control module to the avalanche single photon detection module;

[0142] If the bias voltage is in the first gain range of the linear region, it operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode;

[0143] If the bias voltage is in the second gain range of the linear region, the system works in the automatic mode of the linear mode and dynamically adjusts the bias voltage according to the voltage detected across the supercapacitor. The first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low power mode are lower than those of the automatic mode.

[0144] If the bias voltage is in the Geiger region, it works in Geiger mode.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the avalanche single photon detection module includes a plurality of SPADs with different central wavelength bands;

[0146] SPADs with multiple different central bands use an array scanning method to scan photon pulses in multiple different bands.

[0147] In a possible implementation, based on the control module, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition according to the pulse signal includes:

[0148] The control module works in a low-speed clock working mode; when a pulse signal is received, it switches to a high-speed clock working mode to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images.

[0149] In a possible implementation, based on the control module, performing partial discharge detection on the image collected by the multispectral collection module includes:

[0150] Based on the control module, the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module are synchronized and fused to obtain a fused image;

[0151] Perform partial discharge detection on the fused image.

[0152] The specific implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention can refer to the above embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.

[0153] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0154] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0155] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0156] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0157] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit its protection scope. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art can still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the protection scope of the claims to be approved.

Claims

1. A multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, characterized in that: include: An avalanche single photon detection module, a control module, a multi-spectral acquisition module and a power management module, wherein the avalanche single photon detection module and the multi-spectral acquisition module are respectively connected to the control module, and the control module is connected to the power management module; The power management module is used to supply power to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectrum acquisition module; The avalanche single-photon detection module is used to output a pulse signal to the control module when a partial discharge is detected; The control module is used to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images according to the pulse signal; and is also used to perform partial discharge detection on the images acquired by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and control the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working after the partial discharge detection; The multi-spectral acquisition module is used to acquire images of the area where partial discharge exists, and upload the acquired images to the control module.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The avalanche single photon detection module includes an infrared avalanche diode APD and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode SPAD; The multi-spectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The device further comprises a first load switch and a second load switch, wherein the first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and the second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor; The control module is specifically used to control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned on based on the pulse signal, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can perform image acquisition; and control the first load switch and / or the second load switch to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor can stop working.

4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The power management module includes: an energy storage battery, a boost converter, a super capacitor and a buck converter connected in sequence; the buck transformer is also connected to the control module; The energy storage battery is used to charge the supercapacitor with the output electric energy through the boost converter; The step-down transformer is used to supply power to the control module when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The power management module further includes: a first hysteresis voltage comparator, a second hysteresis voltage comparator, a logic OR gate and a logic AND gate; two ends of the first hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic AND gate, and the other end of the logic AND gate is connected to the step-down transformer; two ends of the second hysteresis voltage comparator are respectively connected to the super capacitor and the logic OR gate, and the other end of the logic OR gate is respectively connected to the logic AND gate and the control module; When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high, and when the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full voltage, the full signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from low to high, and the step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate to power the control module; When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate, and stops powering the control module.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The working mode of the avalanche single-photon detection module is automatically switched between the linear mode and the Geiger mode.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The avalanche single photon detection module is also used for: Identifying a bias voltage applied by the control module to the avalanche single photon detection module; If the bias voltage is within the first gain range of the linear region, the system operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode; If the bias voltage is in the second gain range of the linear region, the bias voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage across the supercapacitor in the automatic mode of the linear mode; the first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low power consumption mode are lower than those of the automatic mode; If the bias voltage is in the Geiger region, the system operates in the Geiger mode.

8. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The avalanche single photon detection module includes a plurality of SPADs with different central bands; The SPADs of the multiple different central bands use an array scanning method to scan photon pulses of multiple different bands.

9. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used to work in a low-speed clock working mode; when receiving the pulse signal, it switches to a high-speed clock working mode to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition.

10. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The control module is specifically used to synchronize and fuse the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectrum collection module to obtain a fused image; and perform partial discharge detection on the fused image.

11. The device according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that The device is installed in a gas-insulated combined switch in a built-in manner.

12. A low power consumption control method based on a multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, characterized in that: The method comprises: A power management module based on the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device is used to supply power to the avalanche single photon detection module, the control module and the multi-spectral acquisition module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device; Based on the avalanche single-photon detection module, when a partial discharge is detected, a pulse signal is generated; Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, the multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to perform image acquisition; Based on the multi-spectral acquisition module, an image is acquired for an area where partial discharge exists; Based on the control module, partial discharge detection is performed on the image collected by the multi-spectral acquisition module, and after the partial discharge detection, the multi-spectral acquisition module is controlled to stop working.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The avalanche single photon detection module includes an infrared avalanche diode APD and an ultraviolet single photon avalanche diode SPAD; The multi-spectral acquisition module includes an infrared image sensor and an ultraviolet image sensor.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module of the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device to perform image acquisition includes: Based on the control module, according to the pulse signal, the first load switch and / or the second load switch are controlled to be turned on, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor performs image acquisition; the first load switch is connected between the control module and the infrared image sensor, and the second load switch is connected between the control module and the ultraviolet image sensor; After the partial discharge detection, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module to stop working includes: After this partial discharge detection, the first load switch and / or the second load switch are controlled to be turned off, so that the infrared image sensor and / or the ultraviolet image sensor stops working.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that: The power management module based on the multi-spectral partial discharge detection device, which supplies power to the control module, includes: Based on the energy storage battery of the power management module, the output electric energy is passed through the boost converter of the power management module to charge the supercapacitor of the power management module; When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches a reference voltage, the step-down transformer based on the power management module supplies power to the control module.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, supplying power to the control module based on the step-down transformer of the power management module includes: When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the reference voltage, the undervoltage shutdown signal output by the first hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. When the voltage across the supercapacitor reaches the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator of the power management module changes from low to high. The step-down transformer is enabled through the logic AND gate of the power management module to power the control module.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that When the voltage across the super capacitor reaches the reference voltage, after the step-down transformer of the power management module supplies power to the control module, the method further includes: When the voltage across the supercapacitor is lower than the full charge voltage, the full charge signal output by the second hysteresis voltage comparator changes from high to low, the working signal output by the control module is high, and the step-down transformer continues to be enabled through the logic OR gate of the power management module; after this partial discharge detection, the working signal output by the control module changes from high to low, outputs a low signal through the logic OR gate, and then outputs a low signal through the logic AND gate, and stops powering the control module.

18. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The working mode of the avalanche single-photon detection module is automatically switched between the linear mode and the Geiger mode.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The avalanche single-photon detection module further includes, before generating a pulse signal, when a partial discharge is detected in the gas-insulated combination switch: Identifying a bias voltage applied by the control module to the avalanche single photon detection module; If the bias voltage is within the first gain range of the linear region, the system operates in a low power consumption mode of the linear mode; If the bias voltage is in the second gain range of the linear region, the bias voltage is dynamically adjusted according to the detected voltage across the supercapacitor in the automatic mode of the linear mode; the first gain range is lower than the second gain range, and the power consumption and sensitivity of the low power consumption mode are lower than those of the automatic mode; If the bias voltage is in the Geiger region, the system operates in the Geiger mode.

20. The method of claim 13, wherein: The avalanche single photon detection module includes a plurality of SPADs with different central bands; The SPADs of the multiple different central bands use an array scanning method to scan photon pulses of multiple different bands.

21. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that Based on the control module, controlling the multi-spectral acquisition module to acquire images according to the pulse signal includes: Based on the control module working in the low-speed clock working mode; when the pulse signal is received, it switches to the high-speed clock working mode to control the multi-spectral acquisition module to perform image acquisition.

22. The method of claim 13, wherein: The performing partial discharge detection on the image collected by the multi-spectral collection module based on the control module includes: Based on the control module, the pulse spectrum detected by the avalanche single photon detection module and the image collected by the multi-spectrum collection module are synchronized and fused to obtain a fused image; Performing partial discharge detection on the fused image.

Images