Optical matrix operation structure
By designing the optical matrix computing structure, using technologies such as multi-wavelength lasers and optocouplers, the bandwidth bottlenecks and delay problems in matrix computing are solved in traditional computers, and efficient and low-latency optical matrix computing is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311365060.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-22
AI Technical Summary
Traditional electricity-based computers have bandwidth bottlenecks, delay problems and energy consumption limitations in matrix operations, which are difficult to meet the rapid processing needs of massive data.
An optical matrix computing structure is designed, and matrix computing is realized through optical computing architecture using multi-wavelength laser generation module, serial matrix loading module and parallel vector-matrix multiplication module.
Low-latency optical matrix operation is realized, and photon signals are used to process data to achieve large bandwidth and high rate in high-speed matrix operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119862355A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical computing, and in particular to an optical matrix computing structure. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of today's society, there is an explosive growth of data in various fields. In the fields of data processing, numerical calculation and machine learning, matrix operations play a vital role. However, matrix operations performed by traditional electrical computers have limitations including bandwidth bottlenecks, latency issues and energy consumption. Therefore, how to meet the demand for rapid processing of massive data in matrix operations is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention
[0003] (I) Technical solution
[0004] In view of this, in order to overcome at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical matrix operation structure, including: a multi-wavelength laser generating module, used to generate N first laser signals and N second laser signals, each first laser signal includes a laser of one wavelength, and each second laser signal includes N lasers of different wavelengths; a serial matrix loading module, used to load N rows of a first operation matrix onto the N first laser signals, wherein each first laser signal loads a row of the first operation matrix to obtain N first optical signals, each first optical signal includes N lasers of different wavelengths, and the size of the first operation matrix is N×N; a parallel vector-matrix multiplication module, used to load N columns of a second operation matrix onto the N first optical signals, wherein each first laser signal loads a row of the second operation matrix to obtain N second optical signals, and performs positive and negative value operations on the N second optical signals according to the N second laser signals to obtain a result of multiplication of the first operation matrix and the second operation matrix, and the size of the second operation matrix is N×N; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to.
[0005] Optionally, the multi-wavelength laser generating module includes in sequence: a laser array, including N lasers, for generating N initial lasers of different wavelengths; a 1×2 optical coupler array, including N 1×2 optical couplers, each 1×2 optical coupler corresponds to a laser, and divides the initial laser generated by the corresponding laser into a first beam of light and a second beam of light with the same power, and the N first beams of light output by the N 1×2 optical couplers are used as N first laser signals; an N×N optical coupler, for dividing each second beam of light into N third beams of light, and the N third beams of light output by the N×N optical couplers are used as second laser signals, wherein the N third beams of light come from the N second beams of light, respectively.
[0006] Optionally, the serial matrix loading module includes in sequence: a first intensity modulator array, including N first intensity modulators, each first intensity modulator loads a row of the first operation matrix onto a first laser signal to obtain a first loading laser signal; N×N 2 Optical coupler, which splits each first loading laser signal into equal N 2 The second loading laser signal is obtained and N 2 A third loading laser signal includes N second loading laser signals, wherein the N second loading laser signals are respectively from the N first loading laser signals obtained by the N first intensity modulators.
[0007] Optionally, the N×N optical coupler further includes: N 2 Output ports for outputting N 2 The N third loading laser signals output by the N output ports are used as a first optical signal.
[0008] Optionally, the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module includes N parallel vector-matrix multiplication units, each parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit is used to process a first optical signal.
[0009] Optionally, each parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit includes in sequence: a second intensity modulator array, including N second intensity modulators, each second intensity modulator is used to load an element in a column of the second operation matrix onto a third loading laser signal to obtain a fourth loading laser signal, and the N fourth loading laser signals serve as a second optical signal; a phase modulator array, including N phase modulators, each phase modulator is used to adjust the phase of a fourth loading laser signal; an (N+1)×1 optical coupler, used to interference combine a second laser signal and a second optical signal to obtain a fifth loading laser signal; a wavelength division multiplexer, used to perform wavelength division multiplexing on a fifth loading laser signal to obtain N sixth loading laser signals; a photodetector array, including N photodetectors, each photodetector is used to perform photoelectric conversion on a sixth loading laser signal.
[0010] Optionally, the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module performs positive and negative value operations on the N second optical signals according to the N second laser signals, including: the phase modulator array performs positive and negative value operations on the phase of the second optical signal based on the laser phase of the second laser signal, when the laser phase of the second optical signal is the same as that of the second laser signal, the elements of the second operation matrix are set to positive numbers, and when the phase of the second optical signal is opposite to that of the second laser signal, the elements of the second operation matrix are set to negative numbers.
[0011] Optionally, the optical matrix operation chip structure further includes: a delay line array, which is arranged in a serial matrix loading module or a parallel vector-matrix multiplication module.
[0012] Optionally, when the delay line array is set in the serial matrix loading module, the N×N optical coupler can be divided into an N×N optical coupler and a 1×N optical coupler array; the N×N optical coupler is used to divide each first loading laser signal into N seventh loading laser signals, and the 1×N optical coupler array includes N 1×N optical couplers, which are used to divide each seventh loading laser signal into N eighth loading laser signals, and the N eighth loading laser signals from the N seventh loading laser signals are used as a first optical signal; the delay line array is located between the N×N optical coupler and the 1×N optical coupler, and includes N delay lines, which are used to simultaneously input N seventh loading lasers into the 1×N optical coupler array.
[0013] When the delay line array is set in the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module, the delay line array can be set in each parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit, each serial matrix loading unit is provided with a delay line array, and the delay line array is set at any position before the (N+1)×1 optical coupler, including N delay lines, which are used to simultaneously input N fourth loading signals into the (N+1)×1 optical coupler.
[0014] (II) Beneficial effects
[0015] The present invention designs an optical matrix operation structure, which realizes low-latency optical matrix operation through the transmission-and-processing characteristics of the optical computing architecture, and uses photon signals to process data to achieve large bandwidth and high speed in the high-speed optical matrix operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an optical matrix operation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.
[0017] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a multi-wavelength laser generating module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a serial matrix loading module provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
[0019] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a delay line array provided in an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0022] The description of the structural embodiments and methods of the present invention is disclosed herein. It should be understood that this is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific disclosed embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented by using other features, elements, methods and embodiments. Similar elements in different embodiments are usually marked with similar numbers.
[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an optical matrix operation structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical matrix operation structure includes: a multi-wavelength laser generating module 1, which is used to generate N first laser signals and N second laser signals, each first laser signal includes a laser of one wavelength, and each second laser signal includes N lasers of different wavelengths.
[0025] The serial matrix loading module 2 is used to receive N first laser signals and load N rows of the first operation matrix onto the N first laser signals, wherein each first laser signal loads a row of the first operation matrix to obtain N first optical signals, each first optical signal includes N lasers of different wavelengths, and the size of the first operation matrix is N×N.
[0026] The parallel vector-matrix multiplication module 3 is used to receive N second laser signals and N first optical signals, and load N columns of the second operation matrix onto the N first optical signals, wherein each first optical signal loads a column of the second operation matrix to obtain N second optical signals, and perform positive and negative value operations on the N second optical signals according to the N second laser signals to obtain the result of multiplication of the first operation matrix and the second operation matrix, and the size of the second operation matrix is N×N; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
[0027] Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a multi-wavelength laser generating module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the multi-wavelength laser generating module includes: a laser array 11, which is used to generate N initial lasers with different wavelengths.
[0029] A 1×2 optical coupler array 12 includes N 1×2 optical couplers, each 1×2 optical coupler corresponds to a laser, and divides the initial laser light generated by the corresponding laser into a first light beam and a second light beam with the same power, and the N first light beams output by the N 1×2 optical couplers serve as N first laser signals;
[0030] The N×N optical coupler 13 is used to split each second light beam into N third light beams, and the N third light beams output by the N×N optical coupler 13 serve as second laser signals.
[0031] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a serial matrix loading module provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the serial matrix loading module 2 includes in sequence: a first intensity modulator array 21, including N first intensity modulators, each first intensity modulator serially loads a row of the first operation matrix onto a first laser signal at a data input rate f to obtain a first loaded laser signal.
[0033] N×N 2 Optical coupler 22, which divides each first loading laser signal into N equal 2 The second loading laser signal is obtained and N 2 A third loading laser signal includes N second loading laser signals, wherein the N second loading laser signals are respectively from the N first loading laser signals obtained by the N first intensity modulators.
[0034] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, N×N 2 Optocouplers also include N 2 Output ports for outputting N 2 The N third loading laser signals output by the N output ports are used as a first optical signal.
[0035] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3) comprises N parallel vector-matrix multiplication units, each parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit being used to process a first optical signal.
[0036] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0037] like Figure 4As shown, the parallel vector-matrix multiplication unit includes: a second intensity modulator array 31, including N second intensity modulators, each second intensity modulator is used to load a column of the second operation matrix onto the amplitude of a first optical signal to obtain a fourth loaded laser signal, and the N fourth loaded laser signals serve as a second optical signal.
[0038] The phase modulator array 32 includes N phase modulators, each of which is used to adjust the phase of a fourth loading laser signal.
[0039] The (N+1)×1 optical coupler 33 is used for interference combining a second laser signal and a second optical signal to obtain a fifth loading laser signal.
[0040] The wavelength division multiplexer 34 is used to perform wavelength division multiplexing on a fifth loading laser signal to obtain N sixth loading laser signals.
[0041] The photodetector array 35 includes N photodetectors, each of which is used to perform photoelectric conversion on a sixth loading laser signal.
[0042] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, each second optical signal interferes in the (N+1)×1 optical coupler to realize the summation process after multiplying the elements in the first operation matrix and the second operation to obtain the third optical signal. A second laser signal is used as a reference signal here, and the positive and negative values of the third optical signal are calculated according to the relative phase of the second optical signal and the second laser signal. Exemplarily, when the second optical signal and the second laser signal are in phase (the phase difference is an integer multiple of 2π), the elements in the second operation matrix are positive, and when the phase is opposite (the phase difference is an odd multiple of π), they are negative.
[0043] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the optical matrix operation chip structure further includes: a delay line array, which is arranged in the serial matrix loading module 2 or the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module 3.
[0044] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a delay line array provided in an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown.
[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, when the delay line array is arranged in the serial matrix loading module 2, the N×N2 optical coupler 22 can be divided into an N×N optical coupler 22a and a 1×N optical coupler array 22b.
[0046] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the N×N optical coupler 22a is used to divide each first loading laser signal into N seventh loading laser signals, and the 1×N optical coupler array 22b includes N 1×N optical couplers, which are used to divide each seventh loading laser signal into N eighth loading laser signals. The N eighth loading laser signals respectively derived from the N seventh loading laser signals are used as a first optical signal.
[0047] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the delay line array is located between the N×N optical coupler 22a and the 1×N optical coupler 22b, and includes N delay lines for simultaneously inputting N seventh loading lasers into the 1×N optical coupler array 22b.
[0048] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, when the delay line array is arranged in the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module 3, each serial matrix loading unit is provided with a delay line array, and the delay line array is arranged at any position before the (N+1)×1 optical coupler, including N delay lines, for simultaneously inputting the N fourth loading signals into the (N+1)×1 optical coupler 33.
[0049] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An optical matrix operation structure, characterized in that: include: A multi-wavelength laser generating module (1) is used to generate N first laser signals and N second laser signals, each of the first laser signals comprises a laser of one wavelength, and each of the second laser signals comprises N lasers of different wavelengths; A serial matrix loading module (2) is used to load N rows of a first operation matrix onto the N first laser signals, wherein each of the first laser signals loads a row of the first operation matrix to obtain N first optical signals, each of the first optical signals includes N lasers of different wavelengths, and the size of the first operation matrix is N×N; A parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3) is used to load N columns of a second operation matrix onto N first optical signals, wherein each first optical signal loads a column of the second operation matrix to obtain N second optical signals, and perform positive and negative value operations on the N second optical signals according to the N second laser signals to obtain a result of multiplying the first operation matrix by the second operation matrix, wherein the size of the second operation matrix is N×N; Wherein, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-wavelength laser generating module (1) comprises in sequence: A laser array (11), comprising N lasers, for generating initial lasers of N different wavelengths; A 1×2 optical coupler array (12), comprising N 1×2 optical couplers, each 1×2 optical coupler corresponds to one of the lasers, and divides the initial laser light generated by the corresponding laser into a first light beam and a second light beam with the same power, and the N first light beams output by the N 1×2 optical couplers serve as the N first laser signals; An N×N optical coupler (13) is used to split each of the second light beams into N third light beams, and the N third light beams output by the N×N optical coupler (13) serve as a second laser signal, wherein the N third light beams are respectively derived from the N second light beams.
3. The structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The serial matrix loading module (2) comprises in sequence: A first intensity modulator array (21) comprises N first intensity modulators, each of which loads a row of the first operation matrix onto a first laser signal to obtain a first loaded laser signal; N×N 2 An optical coupler (22) is used to divide each of the first loading laser signals into N equal 2 The second loading laser signal is obtained and N 2 A third loading laser signal, one of the third loading laser signals includes N of the second loading laser signals, wherein the N second loading laser signals are respectively derived from the N first loading laser signals obtained by the N first intensity modulators.
4. The structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The N×N 2 The optical coupler (22) further includes: N 2 Output ports for outputting N 2 The third loading laser signals are output from the N output ports as one of the first optical signals.
5. The structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3) comprises N parallel vector-matrix multiplication units, each of which is used to process one of the first optical signals.
6. The structure according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: Each of the parallel vector-matrix multiplication units comprises, in sequence: A second intensity modulator array (31) comprises N second intensity modulators, each of which is used to load an element in a column of a second operation matrix onto a third loading laser signal to obtain a fourth loading laser signal, and the N fourth loading laser signals serve as a second optical signal; A phase modulator array (32), comprising N phase modulators, each of which is used to adjust the phase of one of the fourth loading laser signals; An (N+1)×1 optical coupler (33) is used for interference combining the second laser signal and a second optical signal to obtain a fifth loading laser signal; A wavelength division multiplexer (34) is used to perform wavelength division multiplexing on the fifth loading laser signal to obtain N sixth loading laser signals; The photodetector array (35) comprises N photodetectors, each of which is used to perform photoelectric conversion on one of the sixth loading laser signals.
7. The structure according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3) performs positive and negative value operations on the N second optical signals according to the N second laser signals, including: The phase modulator array (32) performs positive and negative value operations on the phase of the second optical signal based on the laser phase of the second laser signal. When the laser phase of the second optical signal is the same as that of the second laser signal, the elements of the second operation matrix are set to positive numbers. When the phases of the second optical signal and the second laser signal are opposite, the elements of the second operation matrix are set to negative numbers.
8. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical matrix operation chip structure also includes: The delay line array is arranged in the serial matrix loading module (2) or in the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3).
9. The structure according to claim 3 or 8, characterized in that: When the delay line array is arranged in the serial matrix loading module (2), the N×N2 optical coupler (22) can be divided into an N×N optical coupler (22a) and a 1×N optical coupler array (22b); The N×N optical coupler (22a) is used to divide each of the first loading laser signals into N seventh loading laser signals, The 1×N optical coupler array (22b) comprises N 1×N optical couplers, which are used to divide each of the seventh loading laser signals into N eighth loading laser signals, and the N eighth loading laser signals respectively derived from the N seventh loading laser signals serve as one of the first optical signals; The delay line array is located between the N×N optical coupler (22a) and the 1×N optical coupler (22b), and includes N delay lines for simultaneously inputting the N seventh loading lasers into the 1×N optical coupler array (22b).
10. The structure according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that: When the delay line array is arranged in the parallel vector-matrix multiplication module (3), the delay line array can be arranged in each of the parallel vector-matrix multiplication units, each serial matrix loading unit is provided with one delay line array, and the delay line array is arranged at any position before the (N+1)×1 optical coupler (33), including N delay lines, for simultaneously inputting N fourth loading signals into the (N+1)×1 optical coupler (33).