Multi-port antenna design method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-port antenna design method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a scattering parameter matrix and open circuit electric field pattern data of a to-be-designed multi-port antenna in a design frequency band; defining a target function for designing a multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements; generating structure parameters of the multi-port antenna, and evaluating the target function according to the structure parameters; calculating a deviation matrix of the evaluated target function; judging whether the structure parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix; if it is judged that the structural parameters need to be updated, the structural parameters are updated, then the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters is returned until it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then the current structural parameters are output to serve as design parameters of the multi-port antenna. The method can improve the calculation speed while maintaining the calculation precision, and is suitable for practical application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a multi-port antenna design method, device, electronic device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the increase of wireless communication frequency bands and the continuous improvement of information rates, the design requirements for antenna systems in communication systems are becoming increasingly complex. Existing antenna system optimization methods rely heavily on the experience of antenna engineers to adjust parameters. For simple and well-structured antennas, they are more efficient, but when the antenna structure is more complex or does not have general rules, manual parameter adjustment takes a lot of time; others rely on joint simulation of electromagnetic simulation software combined with optimization algorithms to design antenna systems, but for complex antennas, multiple calls to electromagnetic simulation software also consume a lot of computing resources and time costs; there are also some existing methods that use neural networks for design, but they require a large number of training samples for pre-training of neural networks, and the design of neural network structures is also a major problem.

[0003] The current design scheme of multi-port antenna cannot take into account both computational accuracy and computational efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a multi-port antenna design method, device, electronic device and storage medium to take into account both the calculation accuracy and calculation efficiency of the multi-port antenna design.

[0005] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-port antenna design method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtain the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band;

[0007] Defining an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements;

[0008] generating structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters;

[0009] Calculating a deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation;

[0010] Determining whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix;

[0011] If it is determined that the structural parameters need to be updated, the structural parameters are updated, and then the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters is returned to until it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then the current structural parameters are output as design parameters of the multi-port antenna;

[0012] If it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated, the current structural parameters are output as design parameters of the multi-port antenna.

[0013] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within a design frequency band comprises the following steps:

[0014] Acquire a scattering parameter matrix of a plurality of frequency points of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band as the scattering parameter matrix;

[0015] The expression of the scattering parameter matrix is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix; p represents the number of actual antenna feeding ports, m represents the number of auxiliary ports, n = p + m; S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix formed between all ports on the multi-port antenna; S A (f) S B (f) S C (f) and S D (f) represents S Tot (f) The submatrix corresponding to the frequency [f1, f2];

[0018] Obtain the open-circuit electric field pattern data of each port corresponding to each frequency point in the design frequency band; wherein the open-circuit electric field pattern of the jth port is expressed as Ω=(θ, φ) represents coordinates expressed in a spherical coordinate system, the coordinates including a θ-component and a φ-component.

[0019] In some embodiments, defining an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements comprises the following steps:

[0020] According to the actual antenna design index requirements, the objective function for designing the multi-port antenna is defined as:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, |S ij (x,fk )| and |S ii (x,f k )|represent the frequency points f in the design frequency band F k The coupling coefficient amplitude and reflection coefficient amplitude of w ij and w ii is the corresponding weight coefficient; t ij and t ii is the threshold parameter; K is the total number of frequency points used to optimize impedance matching and isolation; (x) + is an operation: for any If x ≥ 0, its value is x, otherwise x is 0; Ω includes the set of angles in the spherical coordinate system; G(x,f l ,Ω) is the angle set Ω and frequency point f l The far-field pattern E F (x,f l ) function; w g and t g are weight and threshold parameters respectively; L is the total number of frequency points for optimizing the radiation pattern.

[0023] In some embodiments, generating the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna comprises the following steps:

[0024] Generate the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna using the Monte Carlo method; wherein the structural parameters are in the form of N-ary structural parameters;

[0025] The N-ary structure parameter form is:

[0026] x 0 ={x1,x2,...,x m},x i ∈{0,1,...,N},N≥a+b+1;

[0027] The impedance parameter corresponding to the N-ary structural parameter form is:

[0028]

[0029] In some embodiments, evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters comprises the following steps:

[0030] Calculating the parameters involved in the structural parameters and the objective function, and then evaluating the corresponding objective function;

[0031] The step of evaluating the corresponding objective function comprises:

[0032] According to the structural parameter x 0 Determine the reflection coefficient Γ(f) at the corresponding m auxiliary ports:

[0033]

[0034] Where Z0 is the normalized impedance, set to 50 ohms; Z Li (f), i=1,...,m represents the load value terminated at the i-th auxiliary port;

[0035] Then calculate the scattering parameter matrix S of the corresponding p feeding ports F The result is:

[0036]

[0037] Then continue to calculate the radiation pattern:

[0038] First calculate the total port voltage vector V +,Tot for:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, V +,F =[V0,0,...,0] T , is the voltage vector at the p feeding ports. If the input power at the excitation port is P in , then its voltage can be expressed as Thus, the total current of n ports can be calculated, and the expression is:

[0041]

[0042] in, Represents the total current at all ports;

[0043] Thus the radiation pattern E of the antenna F (Ω) is expressed as follows using the linear superposition property:

[0044]

[0045] According to the scattering parameter matrix S F Results and the radiation pattern E F (Ω) evaluates the objective function value f(x) corresponding to the structural parameter i ).

[0046] In some embodiments, the calculating of the deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation comprises the following steps:

[0047] A fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity calculates the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function;

[0048] The fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity calculates the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function, comprising the following steps:

[0049] For each auxiliary port, in the current configuration parameter x i The objective function value f(x i ), perform a total of m(N-1) evaluation calculations based on the N-ary structural parameter form, and obtain the value of the current objective function f(x i ) to obtain the deviation matrix; wherein the deviation matrix is ​​expressed as δT = [t1,…,t m ];

[0050] The following steps are performed for each port of the multi-port antenna:

[0051] Assume that the qth auxiliary port is operated. First, the current structural parameter x i The corresponding qth element x q Make a change and define a change vector p as follows:

[0052] p=[0 1×(q-1) ,1,0 1×(m-q) ] T ;

[0053] This means that the coefficient matrix under the current disturbance is:

[0054]

[0055] in, Γ 0 Indicates the current structure parameter x i The corresponding reflection coefficient vector value, Γ 1 represents the reflection coefficient vector value corresponding to the structural parameters formed after operating the qth auxiliary port;

[0056] Define an intermediate matrix M im =LS D , which means that the intermediate matrix under the current disturbance is:

[0057] M im,q =L q -S D ;

[0058] According to the known M im The inverse matrix And according to the Woodbury matrix identity, calculate the matrix inverse for:

[0059]

[0060] in, yes qth column of ; yes The qth row of ; yes The qth diagonal element of ;

[0061] According to the matrix inverse Calculate the deviation matrix δT = [t1, ..., t m ] for each element.

[0062] In some embodiments, judging whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix comprises the following steps:

[0063] According to the deviation matrix δT=[t1,…,t m ] is less than 0 to determine whether the structural parameters need to be updated.

[0064] To achieve the above object, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-port antenna design device, the device comprising:

[0065] An antenna parameter acquisition unit, used to acquire the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band;

[0066] An objective function definition unit, used to define an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements;

[0067] An objective function evaluation unit, configured to generate structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluate the objective function according to the structural parameters;

[0068] A deviation matrix calculation unit, used to calculate the deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation;

[0069] A structural parameter judgment unit, used for judging whether the structural parameter needs to be updated according to the deviation matrix;

[0070] A first judgment unit is used for updating the structural parameters if it is judged that the structural parameters need to be updated, and then returning to the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters until it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then outputting the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna;

[0071] The second judgment unit is used to output the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna if it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated.

[0072] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above-mentioned multi-port antenna design method when executing the computer program.

[0073] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-port antenna design method is implemented.

[0074] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0075] The present application can obtain the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band; define the objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to the actual antenna design index requirements; generate the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluate the objective function according to the structural parameters; calculate the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function; determine whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix; if the structural parameters are determined to need to be updated, update the structural parameters, and then return to the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters, until the structural parameters are determined to not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then output the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna; if the structural parameters are determined to not need to be updated, output the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna. The present application iteratively updates the structural parameters according to the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band, which can improve the calculation speed while maintaining the calculation accuracy, and is suitable for practical applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0077] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-port antenna design method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 2 An exemplary flow chart of a multi-port antenna design method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile phone multi-port antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 4A schematic diagram of iterative convergence of the objective function value for designing a mobile phone multi-port antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of scattering parameter results of the initial structural parameters and optimal structural parameters of the mobile phone multi-port antenna designed according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the ECC results of the initial structural parameters and the optimal structural parameters of the mobile phone multi-port antenna designed in the embodiment of the present application;

[0083] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-port antenna design device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0086] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used to describe various concepts in this article, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another concept. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiment of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determination".

[0087] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any", etc. used in this application, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any refers to any one of the multiple.

[0088] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0089] In view of the problem that the existing technology cannot take into account both calculation accuracy and rapid multi-port antenna design, the present application provides a multi-port antenna design method that can achieve high calculation accuracy while realizing rapid optimization calculation.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-port antenna design method, device, electronic device and storage medium. The technical solution of the present application includes: obtaining the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band; defining the objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to the actual antenna design index requirements; generating the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters; calculating the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function; judging whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix; if the structural parameters are judged to need to be updated, then updating the structural parameters, and then returning to the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters, until the structural parameters are judged to not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then outputting the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna; if the structural parameters are judged to not need to be updated, then outputting the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna. The present application iteratively updates the structural parameters according to the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band, which can improve the operation speed while maintaining the calculation accuracy, and is suitable for practical applications.

[0091] The embodiments of the present application provide a multi-port antenna design method, device, electronic device and storage medium, which relate to the field of communication technology. The multi-port antenna design method, device, electronic device and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can also be applied to a server, and can also be software running in a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and a car terminal, etc., but is not limited to this; the server side can be configured as an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, and can also be configured as a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; the software can be an application that implements a knowledge extraction method, etc., but is not limited to the above forms.

[0092] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, etc. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments, in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0093] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a multi-port antenna design method, which may include but is not limited to S100 to S160, as follows:

[0094] S100: Obtaining scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within a design frequency band.

[0095] Further, S100 may include the following steps S101-S102:

[0096] S101: Acquire a scattering parameter matrix of a plurality of frequency points of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band as the scattering parameter matrix;

[0097] The expression of the scattering parameter matrix is:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix; p represents the number of actual antenna feeding ports, m represents the number of auxiliary ports, n = p + m; S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix formed between all ports on the multi-port antenna; S A (f) S B (f) S C (f) and S D (f) represents S Tot (f) The submatrix corresponding to the frequency [f1, f2];

[0100] S102: Obtain the open-circuit electric field pattern data of each port corresponding to each frequency point in the design frequency band; wherein the open-circuit electric field pattern of the jth port is expressed as Ω=(θ, φ) represents coordinates expressed in a spherical coordinate system, the coordinates including a θ-component and a φ-component.

[0101] S110: defining an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements.

[0102] Further, S110 may include step S111:

[0103] S111: According to actual antenna design index requirements, an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna is defined as:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, |S ij (x,f k )| and |S ii (x,f k )|represent the frequency points f in the design frequency band F k The coupling coefficient amplitude and reflection coefficient amplitude of w ij and w ii is the corresponding weight coefficient; t ij and t ii is the threshold parameter; K is the total number of frequency points used to optimize impedance matching and isolation; (x) + is an operation: for any If x ≥ 0, its value is x, otherwise x is 0; Ω includes the set of angles in the spherical coordinate system; G(x,f l ,Ω) is the angle set Ω and frequency point f l The far-field pattern E F (x,f l ) function; w g and t g are weight and threshold parameters respectively; L is the total number of frequency points for optimizing the radiation pattern.

[0106] S120: Generate structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluate the objective function according to the structural parameters.

[0107] Further, generating the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna in S120 includes the following steps S121:

[0108] S121: Generate the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna using a Monte Carlo method; wherein the structural parameters are in the form of N-ary structural parameters;

[0109] The N-ary structure parameter form is:

[0110] x 0 ={x1,x2,...,x m},x i ∈{0,1,...,N},N≥a+b+ 1 ;

[0111] The impedance parameter corresponding to the N-ary structural parameter form is:

[0112]

[0113] Further, evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters in S120 includes the following steps S122:

[0114] S122: Calculating parameters involved in the structural parameters and the objective function, and then evaluating the corresponding objective function;

[0115] The step of evaluating the corresponding objective function comprises:

[0116] According to the structural parameter x 0 Determine the reflection coefficient Γ(f) at the corresponding m auxiliary ports:

[0117]

[0118] Where Z0 is the normalized impedance, set to 50 ohms; Z Li (f), i = 1, ..., m represents the load value terminated at the i-th auxiliary port (the frequency symbol is omitted in the following calculation);

[0119] Then calculate the scattering parameter matrix S of the corresponding p feeding ports F The result is:

[0120]

[0121] Then continue to calculate the radiation pattern:

[0122] First calculate the total port voltage vector V +,Tot for:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, V +,F =[V0,0,...,0] T , is the voltage vector at the p feeding ports. If the input power at the excitation port is P in , then its voltage can be expressed as Thus, the total current of n ports can be calculated, and the expression is:

[0125]

[0126] in, Represents the total current at all ports;

[0127] Thus the radiation pattern E of the antenna F (Ω) is expressed as follows using the linear superposition property:

[0128]

[0129] According to the scattering parameter matrix S F Results and the radiation pattern E F (Ω) evaluates the objective function value f(x) corresponding to the structural parameter i ).

[0130] S130: Calculate the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function.

[0131] Further, S130 may include step S131:

[0132] S131: Calculating the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function using a fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity;

[0133] The fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity calculates the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function, comprising the following steps:

[0134] For each auxiliary port, in the current configuration parameter x i The objective function value f(x i ), perform a total of m(N-1) evaluation calculations based on the N-ary structural parameter form, and obtain the value of the current objective function f(x i ) to obtain the deviation matrix; wherein the deviation matrix is ​​expressed as δT = [t1,…,t m ];

[0135] The following steps are performed for each port of the multi-port antenna:

[0136] Assume that the qth auxiliary port is operated. First, the current structural parameter x i The corresponding qth element x q Make a change and define a change vector p as follows:

[0137] p=[0 1×(q-1) ,1,0 1×(m-q) ] T ;

[0138] This means that the coefficient matrix under the current disturbance is:

[0139]

[0140] in, Γ 0 Indicates the current structure parameter x i The corresponding reflection coefficient vector value, Γ 1 represents the reflection coefficient vector value corresponding to the structural parameters formed after operating the qth auxiliary port;

[0141] Define an intermediate matrix M im =LS D , which means that the intermediate matrix under the current disturbance is:

[0142] M im,q =L q -S D ;

[0143] According to the known M im The inverse matrix And according to the Woodbury matrix identity, calculate the matrix inverse for:

[0144]

[0145] in, yes qth column of ; yes The qth row of ; yes The qth diagonal element of ;

[0146] According to the matrix inverse Calculate the deviation matrix δT = [t1, ..., t m ] for each element.

[0147] S140: Determine whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix.

[0148] Further, S140 may include step S141:

[0149] S141: According to the deviation matrix δT=[t1,…,t m ] is less than 0 to determine whether the structural parameters need to be updated.

[0150] S150: If it is determined that the structural parameters need to be updated, the structural parameters are updated, and then the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters is returned to, until it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then the current structural parameters are output as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna.

[0151] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the structural parameters may be updated according to the disturbance vector corresponding to the element whose minimum value is less than 0.

[0152] S160: If it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated, output the current structural parameters as design parameters of the multi-port antenna.

[0153] Next, the solution of the embodiment of the present application will be introduced and explained in detail with reference to specific application examples.

[0154] Reference Figure 2 , this embodiment provides an example flow chart of a multi-port antenna design method.

[0155] Specifically, this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0156] Step S1, obtaining the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed.

[0157] Exemplarily, the scattering parameter matrix of the multi-port antenna to be designed in the design frequency band includes a scattering parameter matrix S of a series of corresponding frequency points in the design frequency band Tot (f), etc., as shown in formula (1).

[0158]

[0159] In formula (1), p represents the number of actual antenna feed ports, and m represents the number of auxiliary ports, so n = p + m, S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix formed between all ports on the antenna structure. A (f), S B (f), S C (f) and S D (f) represents S Tot (f) The submatrix corresponding to frequency [f1,f2].

[0160] The open-circuit electric field pattern data includes the open-circuit electric field pattern data of each port corresponding to each frequency point in the corresponding design frequency band, wherein the open-circuit electric field pattern of the jth port can be expressed as Wherein Ω=(θ,φ) represents the coordinates expressed in the spherical coordinate system, which includes the θ-component and the φ-component.

[0161] In an alternative example, refer to Figure 3 The mobile phone antenna consists of a ground plane printed on a FR-4 substrate and a metal frame with a height of 5mm. The thickness of FR-4 is 1mm, and the total size of the mobile phone is 149×74×6mm 3 . The dual-port antenna is integrated on the top of the mobile phone platform. Ports are added at discontinuities and along the ground gap, and the distance between adjacent ports is 2mm. The rest of the frame is completely grounded. There are 14 and 15 ports along the frame and floor gap respectively, for a total of n = 29 ports. Discrete ports 1 and 2 are defined as feed ports, so there are p = 2 feed ports, m = 27 auxiliary ports, and the design frequency band is 1.8GHz-2GHz to cover the mobile phone communication frequency bands of 1850-1910MHz and 1920-1980MHz. The scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data in the corresponding frequency band are obtained through an electromagnetic simulation.

[0162] Step S2: define the objective function form of the required optimization design and generate the initial optimization structure vector x using the Monte Carlo method 0 And calculate the defined objective function value f(x i ).

[0163] The objective function form of the desired optimization design is defined as follows:

[0164]

[0165] In formula (2), |S ij (x,f k )| and |S ii (x,f k )|represent the frequency points f in the design frequency band F k The coupling coefficient amplitude and reflection coefficient amplitude of w ij and w ii are the corresponding weight coefficients, which are 1 respectively. ij and t ii is the threshold parameter where t ii =-6dB is used for impedance matching design, t ij =-15dB for high isolation design requirements. K is the total number of frequencies used to optimize impedance matching and isolation, which is 201, (x) + is an operation: if x ≥ 0, its value is x, otherwise it is 0. For any Ω includes the set of angles in the spherical coordinate system. ECC(x,f l ,Ω) is at a specific location Ω and frequency point f l E F (x,f l ), expressed as:

[0166]

[0167] w g and t g are the weight and threshold parameters, which are 5 and 0 respectively; L is the total number of frequency points of the radiation pattern, and its value is 3, corresponding to 1.8, 1.9, and 2.0 GHz.

[0168] Set the 22-ary structure parameter form to:

[0169] x 0 ={x1,x2,...,x m},x i ∈{0,1,...,N},N≥a+b+ 1 ;

[0170] The corresponding impedance parameter is:

[0171]

[0172] In this example, 22 impedance states are selected, open circuit, short circuit, 10 capacitors, and 10 inductors. The value range of each element in the structure parameter is 0-21.

[0173] Generate an initial structural parameter x using the Monte Carlo method 0 , the parameters involved are calculated in the form of objective function, so as to evaluate the corresponding objective function f(x i );

[0174] Evaluate the corresponding objective function f(x i ) are:

[0175] Given x 0 , determine the reflection coefficient Γ(f) at the corresponding 27 auxiliary ports:

[0176]

[0177] In formula (3), Z0 is the normalized impedance, which is generally set to 50 ohms. Li (f), i = 1, ..., m represents the load value terminated at the i-th auxiliary port. (The frequency symbol is omitted in the following calculations).

[0178] Thus, the scattering parameter matrix S between the corresponding two feeding ports is calculated F The result is:

[0179]

[0180] Then continue to calculate the radiation pattern:

[0181] First calculate the total port voltage vector V +,Totfor:

[0182]

[0183] Where V +,F =[V0,0] T , is the voltage vector at the two feeding ports, assuming that the input power at the excitation port is P in , then its voltage can be expressed as Therefore, the total current of the 29 ports can be calculated, and its expression is:

[0184]

[0185] in Represents the total current at all ports.

[0186] Therefore, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be expressed as follows using the linear superposition property:

[0187]

[0188] Therefore, the results calculated by using equations (4) and (7) can be used to evaluate the corresponding objective function value f(x i ).

[0189] Step S3: Calculate the objective function deviation matrix δT=[t1,…,t m ].

[0190] For each auxiliary port, in the current configuration parameter x i The objective function value f(x i ), because it is a 22-ary optimization, there are 27×21=567 calculations, and the current objective function value f(x i ), thus obtaining the objective function deviation matrix δT=[t1,…,t m ];

[0191] The maximum computational complexity of equations (4) and (7) comes from If the inversion operation can reduce the operational complexity of this item, the objective function value can be quickly evaluated.

[0192] The operation is similar for each port. The calculation of one of the ports is described below, assuming that the operation is performed on the qth auxiliary port:

[0193] First, the current structural parameter x i The corresponding qth element x q Make a change and define a change vector p as follows:

[0194] p=[0 1×(q-1) ,1,0 1×(m-q) ] T ;

[0195] So the coefficient matrix under the current disturbance can be expressed as:

[0196]

[0197] in, Γ 0 Indicates the current structure parameter x i The corresponding reflection coefficient vector value is calculated by formula (3); Γ 1 Represents the reflection coefficient vector value corresponding to the structural parameters formed after operating the qth auxiliary port.

[0198] Define an intermediate matrix M im =LS D , which means that the intermediate matrix under the current disturbance is M im,q =L q -S D .

[0199] If it is known that M im The inverse matrix According to the Woodbury matrix identity, It can be quickly calculated as follows:

[0200]

[0201] In formula (9) yes The qth column of The qth row of yes The qth diagonal element of .

[0202] Therefore, only one matrix inverse needs to be calculated, and the deviation matrix of the objective function is δT = [t1,…,t m ] can be quickly calculated based on the result, greatly reducing the computational complexity.

[0203] Step S4, determine whether min(δT)<0 is true, if so, update the corresponding structure variable value and repeat the above operation; otherwise, output the structure parameter.

[0204] Determine whether the minimum value in δT is less than 0. If the minimum value in δT is less than 0, update the structural parameters according to the perturbation vector corresponding to its elements to obtain x i+1 , then repeat steps S3 and S4; if the minimum value in δT is greater than or equal to 0, then output the current structural parameter x iAs the final structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, the steps of this embodiment are terminated.

[0205] For example, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of iterative convergence of the objective function value for designing a mobile phone multi-port antenna in this embodiment; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of scattering parameter results of the initial structural parameters and the optimal structural parameters for designing a mobile phone multi-port antenna in this embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the ECC results of the initial structural parameters and the optimal structural parameters of the mobile phone multi-port antenna designed in this embodiment.

[0206] The beneficial effects of this embodiment include:

[0207] The multi-port antenna design method provided in this embodiment can improve the calculation speed while maintaining the calculation accuracy, and is suitable for practical applications.

[0208] Reference Figure 7 The embodiment of the present application further provides a multi-port antenna design device, which can implement the above-mentioned multi-port antenna design method, and the device includes:

[0209] An antenna parameter acquisition unit, used to acquire the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band;

[0210] An objective function definition unit, used to define an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements;

[0211] An objective function evaluation unit, configured to generate structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluate the objective function according to the structural parameters;

[0212] A deviation matrix calculation unit, used to calculate the deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation;

[0213] A structural parameter judgment unit, used for judging whether the structural parameter needs to be updated according to the deviation matrix;

[0214] A first judgment unit is used for updating the structural parameters if it is judged that the structural parameters need to be updated, and then returning to the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters until it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then outputting the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna;

[0215] The second judgment unit is used to output the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna if it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated.

[0216] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0217] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the above-mentioned multi-port antenna design method when executing the computer program. The electronic device can be any intelligent terminal including a tablet computer, a car computer, etc.

[0218] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0219] See also Figure 8 , Figure 8 The hardware structure of an electronic device of another embodiment is illustrated, and the electronic device includes:

[0220] The processor 801 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0221] The memory 802 may be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 802 may store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solution provided in the embodiment of this specification is implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 802, and the processor 801 calls and executes a multi-port antenna design method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0222] Input / output interface 803, used to implement information input and output;

[0223] The communication interface 804 is used to realize the communication interaction between the device and other devices. The communication can be realized through a wired manner (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or a wireless manner (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0224] A bus 805 that transmits information between the various components of the device (e.g., the processor 801, the memory 802, the input / output interface 803, and the communication interface 804);

[0225] The processor 801 , the memory 802 , the input / output interface 803 and the communication interface 804 are connected to each other in communication within the device via a bus 805 .

[0226] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-port antenna design method is implemented.

[0227] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present storage medium embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0228] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0229] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0230] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0231] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0233] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0234] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0235] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0236] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0237] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0238] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store programs.

[0239] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-port antenna design method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtain the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band; Defining an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements; generating structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters; Calculating a deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation; Determining whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix; If it is determined that the structural parameters need to be updated, the structural parameters are updated, and then the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters is returned to until it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then the current structural parameters are output as design parameters of the multi-port antenna; If it is determined that the structural parameters do not need to be updated, the current structural parameters are output as design parameters of the multi-port antenna.

2. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band comprises the following steps: Acquire the scattering parameter matrix of the multi-port antenna to be designed at multiple frequency points within the design frequency band; The expression of the scattering parameter matrix is: Among them, S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix; p represents the number of actual antenna feeding ports, m represents the number of auxiliary ports, n = p + m; S Tot (f) represents the scattering parameter matrix formed between all ports on the multi-port antenna; S A (f) S B (f) S C (f) and S D (f) represents S Tot (f) The submatrix corresponding to the frequency [f1, f2]; Obtain the open-circuit electric field pattern data of each port corresponding to each frequency point in the design frequency band; wherein the open-circuit electric field pattern of the jth port is expressed as Ω=(θ, φ) represents coordinates expressed in a spherical coordinate system, the coordinates including a θ-component and a φ-component.

3. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Defining an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements comprises the following steps: According to the actual antenna design index requirements, the objective function for designing the multi-port antenna is defined as: Among them, |S ij (x,f k )| and |S ii (x,f k )|represent the frequency points f in the design frequency band F k The coupling coefficient amplitude and reflection coefficient amplitude of w ij and w ii is the corresponding weight coefficient; t ij and t ii is the threshold parameter; K is the total number of frequency points used to optimize impedance matching and isolation; (x) + is an operation: for any If x ≥ 0, its value is x, otherwise x is 0; Ω includes the set of angles in the spherical coordinate system; G(x,f l ,Ω) is the angle set Ω and frequency point f l The far-field pattern E F (x,f l ) function; w g and t g are weight and threshold parameters respectively; L is the total number of frequency points for optimizing the radiation pattern.

4. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating of the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna comprises the following steps: Generate the structural parameters of the multi-port antenna using the Monte Carlo method; wherein the structural parameters are in the form of N-ary structural parameters; The N-ary structure parameter form is: x 0 {x1,x2,...,x m },x i ∈{0,1,…,N},N≥a+b+1; The impedance parameter corresponding to the N-ary structural parameter form is:

5. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters comprises the following steps: Calculating the parameters involved in the structural parameters and the objective function, and then evaluating the corresponding objective function; The step of evaluating the corresponding objective function comprises: According to the structural parameter x 0 Determine the reflection coefficient Γ(f) at the corresponding m auxiliary ports: Where Z0 is the normalized impedance, set to 50 ohms; Z Li (f), i=1,...,m represents the load value terminated at the i-th auxiliary port; Then calculate the scattering parameter matrix S of the corresponding p feeding ports F The result is: Then continue to calculate the radiation pattern: First calculate the total port voltage vector V +,Tot for: Among them, V +,F =[V0,0,...,0] T , is the voltage vector at the p feeding ports. If the input power at the excitation port is P in , then its voltage can be expressed as Thus, the total current of n ports can be calculated, and the expression is: in, Represents the total current at all ports; Thus the radiation pattern E of the antenna F (Ω) is expressed as follows using the linear superposition property: According to the scattering parameter matrix S F Results and the radiation pattern E F (Ω) evaluates the objective function value f(x) corresponding to the structural parameter i ).

6. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation comprises the following steps: A fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity calculates the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function; The fast iterative algorithm based on the Woodbury matrix identity calculates the deviation matrix of the evaluated objective function, comprising the following steps: For each auxiliary port, in the current configuration parameter x i The objective function value f(x i ), perform a total of m(N-1) evaluation calculations based on the N-ary structural parameter form, and obtain the value of the current objective function f(x i ) to obtain the deviation matrix; wherein the deviation matrix is ​​expressed as δT = [t1,…,t m ]; The following steps are performed for each port of the multi-port antenna: Assume that the qth auxiliary port is operated. First, the current structural parameter x i The corresponding qth element x q Make a change and define a change vector p as follows: p＝[0 1×(q-1) ,1,0 1×(m-q) ] T ； This means that the coefficient matrix under the current disturbance is: in, Γ 0 Indicates the current structure parameter x i The corresponding reflection coefficient vector value, Γ 1 represents the reflection coefficient vector value corresponding to the structural parameters formed after operating the qth auxiliary port; Define an intermediate matrix M im =LS D , which means that the intermediate matrix under the current disturbance is: M im,q =L q -S D ; According to the known M im The inverse matrix And according to the Woodbury matrix identity, calculate the matrix inverse for: in, yes qth column of ; yes The qth row of ; yes The qth diagonal element of ; According to the matrix inverse Calculate the deviation matrix δT = [t1, ..., t m ] for each element.

7. A multi-port antenna design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of judging whether the structural parameters need to be updated according to the deviation matrix comprises the following steps: According to the deviation matrix δT=[t1,…,t m ] is less than 0 to determine whether the structural parameters need to be updated.

8. A multi-port antenna design device, characterized in that: The device comprises: An antenna parameter acquisition unit, used to acquire the scattering parameter matrix and open-circuit electric field pattern data of the multi-port antenna to be designed within the design frequency band; An objective function definition unit, used to define an objective function for designing the multi-port antenna according to actual antenna design index requirements; An objective function evaluation unit, configured to generate structural parameters of the multi-port antenna, and then evaluate the objective function according to the structural parameters; A deviation matrix calculation unit, used to calculate the deviation matrix of the objective function after evaluation; A structural parameter judgment unit, used for judging whether the structural parameter needs to be updated according to the deviation matrix; A first judgment unit is used for updating the structural parameters if it is judged that the structural parameters need to be updated, and then returning to the step of evaluating the objective function according to the structural parameters until it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated according to the deviation matrix, and then outputting the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna; The second judgment unit is used to output the current structural parameters as the design parameters of the multi-port antenna if it is judged that the structural parameters do not need to be updated.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements a multi-port antenna design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, a multi-port antenna design method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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