Offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system and method, and relates to the field of data processing. Sensors are deployed in an offshore environment, and current offshore pollution data are collected through the sensors; collecting population scale data of predators and predators in the offshore ecological environment according to sensors and satellite remote sensing; detecting whether the current predator population scale and the current predator population scale are in a reasonable range or not; judging whether to give an alarm or not; historical pollutant concentration data are collected, and a trend compliance model of pollutant concentration along with time change is constructed; constructing an offshore ecosystem dynamic model; and according to the current offshore environment data and the offshore ecosystem dynamics model, obtaining predator population scale data at the future moment and predator population scale data at the future moment, detecting whether the predator population scale data at the future moment and the predator population scale data at the future moment are in a reasonable range or not, and judging whether to give an early warning or not.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of data processing, and in particular, relates to a method and system for early warning of offshore ecological environment safety and dynamic process analysis. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of human activities, the offshore ecological environment is facing tremendous pressure, such as pollution, overfishing, climate change, etc. These pressures may lead to a decline in biodiversity, an imbalance in the ecosystem, and even cause ecological disasters. Therefore, it has become an urgent task to conduct real-time monitoring and early warning of the offshore ecological environment so as to take timely measures to protect the marine ecological environment.

[0003] At present, there are some marine environment monitoring technologies, such as buoys and remote sensing satellites, but they can only provide single or partial data, which is difficult to fully reflect the status of the offshore ecological environment. In addition, the existing early warning models are often too simple and cannot accurately predict future changes in the ecological environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the related technologies, the present invention proposes a system and method for early warning of offshore ecological environment safety and dynamic process analysis to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] S1. Deploy sensors in the offshore environment, collect current offshore pollution data through sensors, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets;

[0007] S2. Set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0008] S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend compliance model for pollutant concentration changes over time, and use the historical pollutant concentration data to solve the specific parameter values ​​of the trend compliance model;

[0009] S4. Construct a dynamic model of the coastal ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the coastal environment and the organisms in the ecological environment;

[0010] S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size data set, the current pollutant concentration and the time data at future moments into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data at future moments and the prey population size data at future moments, detect whether the predator population size data at future moments and the prey population size data at future moments are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results.

[0011] Preferably, the S1 comprises the following steps:

[0012] S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring requirements, configure sensors according to offshore environment, determine offshore monitoring areas according to monitoring requirements, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors;

[0013] S12, install sensor nodes at planned locations; select appropriate wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; obtain satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system through the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing;

[0014] S13, collecting the pollutant concentration in the current offshore environment through sensors, and obtaining the current pollutant concentration in the offshore environment as e;

[0015] S14. Collect data on the population size of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment through sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n}, where a i represents the population size data of the i-th predator in the current offshore ecological environment, n represents the total number of predator species in the offshore ecological environment; construct the current prey population size data set b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m}, where b i represents the population size data of the i-th prey species in the current offshore ecological environment, and m represents the total number of prey species in the offshore ecological environment;

[0016] Through the above steps, we can reasonably select and configure sensors, plan the layout of sensor nodes, and install sensor nodes at planned locations to ensure that accurate offshore environmental data is collected in real time; by selecting suitable wireless transmission technology and establishing a wireless transmission network, and accessing satellite remote sensing, we can quickly transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the offshore ecological environment; by collecting the concentration of pollutants in the current offshore environment through sensors, we can timely understand the current pollution status of the offshore environment; at the same time, by collecting the population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment through sensors and satellite remote sensing, we can construct the current predator population size data set and the current prey population size data set, so as to fully understand the status of biological populations in the offshore ecological environment.

[0017] Preferably, S2 comprises the following steps:

[0018] S21, set the reasonable range of predator population size c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n}, where c i represents the reasonable range of the size of the i-th predator population in the offshore ecological environment; set the reasonable range of the size of the prey population d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, where d i represents the reasonable range of the population size of the i-th prey species in the offshore ecological environment;

[0019] S22, the current predator population size data set a={a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n} and compare the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size; the current prey population size dataset b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared;

[0020] S23. If the predator population size data in the current predator population size data set is not within the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the prey population size data in the current prey population size data set is not within the reasonable range of the prey population size, an alarm is issued; otherwise, no alarm is issued;

[0021] By comparing the current population size data of predators and prey with the reasonable range through the above steps, it can be determined whether the ecological environment is in a normal state; if it is found that the population size data of predators or prey is not within a reasonable range, the system will issue an alarm to remind relevant departments to take measures to avoid further deterioration of the ecological environment; this mechanism can effectively protect the marine ecological environment and maintain ecological balance.

[0022] Preferably, S3 comprises the following steps:

[0023] S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including each time point and the corresponding pollutant concentration observation value;

[0024] S32. Construct the trend of pollutant concentration over time and obey the model P t =P 0 +wt; where P t is the pollutant concentration at time t, P 0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the growth rate of pollutant concentration;

[0025] S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration;

[0026] By collecting historical pollutant concentration data through the above steps, constructing a trend model of pollutant concentration changes over time, and using the least squares method to solve the growth rate of pollutant concentration, we can accurately predict the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the future; this prediction ability helps relevant departments to understand the changes in pollutant concentration in a timely manner, formulate corresponding pollution control measures, prevent excessive accumulation and diffusion of pollutants, and thus protect the safety of the offshore ecological environment; at the same time, this trend prediction also helps to evaluate and optimize existing pollution control strategies and improve the effectiveness of pollution control.

[0027] Preferably, the S33 comprises the following steps:

[0028] S331, for each pollutant concentration observation value, calculating the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend obedience model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculating the sum of squares of the errors;

[0029] S332. Find the value w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem. This optimization problem can be expressed as Among them, P i represents the actual observed value of pollutant concentration, P i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend obedience model, and u represents the number of observed values ​​of pollutant concentration;

[0030] The growth rate w of the pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem;

[0031] By calculating the error between the predicted value of the pollutant concentration obeying the trend model and the actual observed value of the pollutant concentration through the above steps, and using the least squares method to solve the optimization problem, the pollutant concentration growth rate w that minimizes the sum of squared errors can be found, which can effectively improve the accuracy of pollutant concentration prediction.

[0032] Preferably, S4 comprises the following steps:

[0033] S41. Based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the offshore environment and the organisms in the ecological environment, a dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is constructed; the formula of the dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] in, represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g 1 N 1 N 2 represents the predation mortality rate of the prey, -h 1 N 1 P t represents the impact of pollutants on prey, h 1 is the coefficient of the pollutant's effect on the prey population; represents the natural mortality rate of predators, g 2 N 1 N 2 represents the predator's predation benefit, -h 2 N 2 P t indicates the predator is affected by the pollutant, h 2 is the coefficient of the pollutant's effect on the predator population;

[0036] Through the above steps, a nearshore ecosystem dynamics model was constructed, which takes into account the mutual influence between pollutant concentrations and various organisms in the ecological environment; the model formula includes the natural mortality rates of prey and predators, predation mortality rates, predation yields, and the impact of pollutants on them. It can simulate the population changes of predators and prey in the nearshore ecosystem and predict the ecological environment status in the future.

[0037] Preferably, S5 comprises the following steps:

[0038] S51, the current predator population size data set a={a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n}, the current prey population size data set b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m}, the current pollutant concentration e, and the time data at the future moment are substituted into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data set p = {p 1 ,p 2 ,...,p i ,...,p n}、The prey population size dataset q={q 1 ,q 2 ,...,q i ,...,q m};

[0039] S52, the predator population size dataset p at the future moment is set to {p 1 ,p 2 ,...,p i ,...,p n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n} and the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size; the future prey population size dataset q = {q 1 ,q 2 ,...,q i ,...,q m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared;

[0040] S53. If there is predator population size data in the future predator population size data set that is not within the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if there is prey population size data in the prey population size data set at a future moment that is not within the reasonable range of the prey population size, a warning is issued; otherwise, no warning is issued;

[0041] Through the above steps, the current predator and prey population size data, current pollutant concentrations and time data at future moments are substituted into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model to predict the predator and prey population size at future moments; then, the predicted population size is compared with the set reasonable range. If the predicted population size exceeds the reasonable range, an early warning is issued; this early warning mechanism helps to timely discover potential problems in the ecological environment and provide a basis for relevant departments to take preventive measures, thereby protecting the stability and health of the offshore ecological environment.

[0042] A system for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety, including a sensor arrangement module, a data collection module, a module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe, a module for solving the pollutant concentration trend compliance model, a module for building an offshore ecosystem dynamics model, and a module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe;

[0043] The sensor placement module is used to place sensors at appropriate monitoring points according to monitoring requirements and offshore marine environment;

[0044] The data collection module is used to collect the concentration of pollutants in the current offshore environment according to sensors, and to collect the population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment according to sensors and satellite remote sensing technology;

[0045] The module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of the predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0046] The pollutant concentration trend compliance model module is used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time;

[0047] The offshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey and pollutant concentrations in the offshore ecological environment;

[0048] The module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future offshore ecology is safe based on the data of the current offshore ecological environment and the offshore ecosystem dynamics model.

[0049] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] The present invention deploys sensors in the offshore environment to collect real-time offshore pollution data and data on the population size of predators and prey in the ecological environment, thereby comprehensively and accurately reflecting the current status and changing trends of the offshore ecological environment. By setting a reasonable range for the population size of predators and prey, timely detection and alarm can be carried out, providing strong support for protecting the marine ecological environment.

[0051] The present invention constructs a model that follows the trend of pollutant concentrations changing over time, and uses historical pollutant concentration data to solve the specific parameter values ​​of the model; based on the interaction between pollutant concentrations in the offshore environment and various organisms in the ecological environment, a dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is constructed; by bringing current data into the model, the ecological environment status at future times can be predicted, providing a basis for formulating scientific ecological environment protection and restoration strategies.

[0052] The present invention comprehensively considers multiple factors such as pollutant concentration, predator and prey population size, and constructs a relatively comprehensive offshore ecosystem dynamics model; by bringing current data into the model, the ecological environment conditions at future times can be predicted, providing a basis for formulating scientific ecological environment protection and restoration strategies; at the same time, the present invention also provides an early warning mechanism, which can timely discover and deal with ecological and environmental problems and avoid the occurrence of ecological disasters.

[0053] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, they can also obtain drawings based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a process of constructing a near-shore ecosystem dynamics model in a near-shore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis xi method of the present invention to determine whether the near-shore ecological environment is safe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0057] Embodiment 1:

[0058] See also Figure 1 The present invention discloses a method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. Deploy sensors in the offshore environment, collect current offshore pollution data through sensors, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets;

[0060] The S1 comprises the following steps:

[0061] S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring needs; including sensors for monitoring offshore marine parameters and sensors for collecting sound of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment. Configure sensors according to the offshore environment, determine the offshore monitoring area according to monitoring needs, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors.

[0062] S12, install sensor nodes at planned locations; select appropriate wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; obtain satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system through the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing;

[0063] S13, collecting the pollutant concentration in the current offshore environment through sensors, and obtaining the current pollutant concentration in the offshore environment as e;

[0064] S14. Collect data on the population size of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment through sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n}, where a i represents the population size data of the i-th predator in the current offshore ecological environment, n represents the total number of predator species in the offshore ecological environment; construct the current prey population size data set b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m}, where b i represents the population size data of the i-th prey species in the current offshore ecological environment, and n represents the total number of prey species in the offshore ecological environment;

[0065] S2. Set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0066] The S2 comprises the following steps:

[0067] S21, set the reasonable range of predator population size c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n}, where c i represents the reasonable range of the size of the i-th predator population in the offshore ecological environment; set the reasonable range of the size of the prey population d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, where d i represents the reasonable range of the population size of the i-th prey species in the offshore ecological environment;

[0068] S22, the current predator population size data set a={a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n} and compare the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size; the current prey population size dataset b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared;

[0069] S23. If the predator population size data in the current predator population size data set is not within the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the prey population size data in the current prey population size data set is not within the reasonable range of the prey population size, an alarm is issued; otherwise, no alarm is issued;

[0070] S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend compliance model for pollutant concentration changes over time, and use the historical pollutant concentration data to solve the specific parameter values ​​of the trend compliance model;

[0071] The S3 comprises the following steps:

[0072] S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including each time point and the corresponding pollutant concentration observation value;

[0073] S32. Construct the trend of pollutant concentration over time and obey the model P t =P 0 +wt; where P t is the pollutant concentration at time t, P 0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the growth rate of the pollutant concentration;

[0074] S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration;

[0075] Preferably, the S33 comprises the following steps:

[0076] S331, for each pollutant concentration observation value, calculating the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend obedience model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculating the sum of squares of the errors;

[0077] S332. Find the value w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem. This optimization problem can be expressed as Among them, P i represents the actual observed value of pollutant concentration, P i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend obedience model, and u represents the number of observed values ​​of pollutant concentration;

[0078] The growth rate w of the pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem;

[0079] S4. Construct a dynamic model of the coastal ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the coastal environment and the organisms in the ecological environment;

[0080] The S4 comprises the following steps:

[0081] S41. Based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the offshore environment and the organisms in the ecological environment, a dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is constructed; the formula of the dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] in, represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g 1 N 1 N 2 represents the predation mortality rate of the prey, -h 1 N 1 P t represents the impact of pollutants on prey, h 1 is the coefficient of the pollutant's effect on the prey population; represents the natural mortality rate of predators, g 2 N 1 N 2 represents the predator's predation benefit, -h 2 N 2 P t indicates the predator is affected by the pollutant, h 2 is the coefficient of the pollutant's effect on the predator population;

[0084] S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size data set, the current pollutant concentration, and the time data at the future moment into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data at the future moment and the prey population size data at the future moment, detect whether the predator population size data at the future moment and the prey population size data at the future moment are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results;

[0085] The S5 comprises the following steps:

[0086] S51, the current predator population size data set a={a 1 ,a 2 ,...,a i ,...,a n}, the current prey population size data set b = {b 1 ,b 2 ,...,b i ,...,b m}, the current pollutant concentration e, and the time data at the future moment are substituted into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data set p = {p 1 ,p 2 ,...,p i ,...,p n}、The prey population size dataset q={q 1 ,q 2 ,...,q i ,...,q m};

[0087] S52, the predator population size dataset p at the future moment is set to {p 1 ,p 2 ,...,p i ,...,p n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c 1 ,c 2 ,...,c i ,...,c n} and the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size; the future prey population size dataset q = {q 1 ,q 2 ,...,q i ,...,q m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d 1 ,d 2 ,...,d i ,...,d m}, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared;

[0088] S53. If there is predator population size data in the future predator population size data set that is not within the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if there is prey population size data in the prey population size data set at a future moment that is not within the reasonable range of the prey population size, an early warning is issued; otherwise, no early warning is issued.

[0089] Embodiment 2:

[0090] A offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis system, including a sensor arrangement module, a data collection module, a module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe, a module for solving the pollutant concentration trend compliance model, a module for building an offshore ecosystem dynamics model, and a module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe;

[0091] The sensor placement module is used to place sensors at appropriate monitoring points according to monitoring requirements and offshore marine environment;

[0092] The data collection module is used to collect the concentration of pollutants in the current offshore environment according to sensors, and to collect the population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment according to sensors and satellite remote sensing technology;

[0093] The module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of the predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results;

[0094] The pollutant concentration trend compliance model module is used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time;

[0095] The offshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey and pollutant concentrations in the offshore ecological environment;

[0096] The module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future offshore ecology is safe based on the data of the current offshore ecological environment and the offshore ecosystem dynamics model.

[0097] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0098] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the invention well.

Claims

1. A method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Deploy sensors in the offshore environment, collect current offshore pollution data through sensors, and collect population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment based on sensors and satellite remote sensing; construct current predator population size datasets and current prey population size datasets; S2. Set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results; S3. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, construct a trend compliance model for pollutant concentration changes over time, and use the historical pollutant concentration data to solve the specific parameter values ​​of the trend compliance model; S4. Construct a dynamic model of the coastal ecosystem based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the coastal environment and the organisms in the ecological environment; S5. Substitute the current predator population size data, the current prey population size data set, the current pollutant concentration and the time data at future moments into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data at future moments and the prey population size data at future moments, detect whether the predator population size data at future moments and the prey population size data at future moments are within a reasonable range, and determine whether to issue an early warning based on the detection results.

2. A method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 comprises the following steps: S11. Select appropriate sensors according to monitoring requirements, configure sensors according to offshore environment, determine offshore monitoring areas according to monitoring requirements, and plan the layout of sensor nodes according to the characteristics of the monitoring area and the number of sensors; S12, installing sensor nodes at planned locations; Select appropriate wireless transmission technology and establish a wireless transmission network; obtain satellite remote sensing data; transmit real-time data to the central monitoring system through the wireless transmission network and satellite remote sensing; S13, collecting the pollutant concentration in the current offshore environment through sensors, and obtaining the current pollutant concentration in the offshore environment as e; S14. Collect data on the population size of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment through sensors and satellite remote sensing, and construct a current predator population size dataset a = {a1, a2, ..., a i ,...,a n }, where a i represents the population size data of the i-th predator in the current offshore ecological environment, n represents the total number of predator species in the offshore ecological environment; construct the current prey population size data set b = {b1, b2, ..., b i ,...,b m }, where b i represents the population size data of the i-th prey species in the current offshore ecological environment, and m represents the total number of prey species in the offshore ecological environment.

3. The offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S2 comprises the following steps: S21, set the reasonable range of predator population size c = {c1, c2, ..., c i ,...,c n }, where c i represents the reasonable range of the size of the i-th predator population in the offshore ecological environment; set the reasonable range of the size of the prey population d = {d1, d2, ..., d i ,...,d m }, where d i represents the reasonable range of the population size of the i-th prey species in the offshore ecological environment; S22, the current predator population size data set a={a1,a2,...,a i ,...,a n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c1,c2,...,c i ,...,c n }, and compare the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size in the dataset b = {b1, b2, ..., b i ,...,b m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d1, d2, ..., d i ,...,d m }, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared; S23. If the current predator population size data set contains predator population size data that is not within a reasonable range of the predator population size, or if the current prey population size data set contains prey population size data that is not within a reasonable range of the prey population size, an alarm is issued; otherwise, no alarm is issued.

4. The offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S3 comprises the following steps: S31. Collect historical pollutant concentration data, including each time point and the corresponding pollutant concentration observation value; S32. Construct the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time and obey the model P t =P0+wt; where P t is the pollutant concentration at time t, P0 represents the initial pollutant concentration, and w represents the growth rate of the pollutant concentration; S33. Based on historical pollutant concentration data, use the least squares method to calculate the growth rate of pollutant concentration.

5. A method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S33 comprises the following steps: S331, for each pollutant concentration observation value, calculating the error between the pollutant concentration prediction value of the trend obedience model and the actual pollutant concentration observation value, and then calculating the sum of squares of the errors; S332. Find the value w that minimizes the sum of squared errors by solving an optimization problem. This optimization problem can be expressed as Among them, P i represents the actual observed value of pollutant concentration, P i ′ represents the predicted value of pollutant concentration obtained using the trend obedience model, and u represents the number of observed values ​​of pollutant concentration; The growth rate w of the pollutant concentration is obtained by solving the optimization problem.

6. The offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S4 comprises the following steps: S41. Based on the interaction between the concentration of pollutants in the offshore environment and the organisms in the ecological environment, a dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is constructed; the formula of the dynamic model of the offshore ecosystem is as follows: in, represents the natural mortality rate of prey, g1N1N2 represents the predation mortality rate of prey, -h1N1P t represents the impact of pollutants on prey, and h1 is the coefficient of the impact of pollutants on the prey population; represents the natural mortality rate of predators, g2N1N2 represents the predator's predation benefit, -h2N2P t It indicates the influence of pollutants on predators, and h2 is the coefficient of the influence of pollutants on the predator population.

7. The offshore ecological environment safety early warning and dynamic process analysis method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S5 comprises the following steps: S51, the current predator population size data set a={a1,a2,...,a i ,...,a n }, the current prey population size data set b = {b1, b2, ..., b i ,...,b m }, the current pollutant concentration e, and the time data at the future moment are substituted into the offshore ecosystem dynamics model formula to obtain the predator population size data set p = {p1, p2, ..., p i ,...,p n }、The prey population size dataset q={q1,q2,...,q i ,...,q m }; S52, the predator population size dataset p at the future moment is set to {p1, p2, ..., p i ,...,p n Each predator population size data in} and the predator population size reasonable range set c = {c1,c2,...,c i ,...,c n } and the corresponding reasonable range of predator population size; the future prey population size dataset q={q1,q2,...,q i ,...,q m Each prey population size data in} and the reasonable range of prey population size set d = {d1, d2, ..., d i ,...,d m }, and the corresponding reasonable range of prey population size is compared; S53. If there is predator population size data in the future predator population size data set that is not within the reasonable range of the predator population size, or if there is prey population size data in the prey population size data set at a future moment that is not within the reasonable range of the prey population size, an early warning is issued; otherwise, no early warning is issued.

8. A system for implementing a method for early warning and dynamic process analysis of offshore ecological environment safety as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that It includes: sensor layout module, data collection module, module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe, module for solving the pollutant concentration trend compliance model, module for building a near-shore ecosystem dynamics model, and module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe; The sensor placement module is used to place sensors at appropriate monitoring points according to monitoring requirements and offshore marine environment; The data collection module is used to collect the concentration of pollutants in the current offshore environment according to sensors, and to collect the population size data of predators and prey in the offshore ecological environment according to sensors and satellite remote sensing technology; The module for judging whether the current ecological environment is safe is used to set a set of reasonable ranges of predator population size and prey population size, detect whether the current predator population size and prey population size are within the reasonable range of the predator population size and prey population size; and determine whether to issue an alarm based on the detection results; The pollutant concentration trend compliance model module is used to solve the trend of pollutant concentration changing over time; The offshore ecosystem dynamics model is used to solve the relationship between predators, prey and pollutant concentrations in the offshore ecological environment; The module for judging whether the future ecological environment is safe is used to predict whether the future offshore ecology is safe based on the data of the current offshore ecological environment and the offshore ecosystem dynamics model.

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