Ultraviolet-resistant water-blocking fireproof photovoltaic cable

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultraviolet-resistant water-blocking fireproof photovoltaic cable, and relates to the technical field of cables, the ultraviolet-resistant water-blocking fireproof photovoltaic cable comprises a conductor layer, a waterproof layer, a tensile layer, a compression-resistant layer, a flame-retardant layer and a reflective layer, the conductor layer comprises a wire, the surface of the wire is coated with water-blocking glue, and the surface of the water-blocking glue is sleeved with a shielding sleeve; according to the invention, through the design of the flame-retardant sleeve polyvinyl chloride, certain flame-retardant and heat-insulating effects can be achieved at the initial stage of a fire, and when the fire occurs, the cable can delay the damage of flame to the internal structure of the cable and reduce the internal transmission of heat, thereby providing a guarantee for maintaining certain normal working performance of the cable at the initial stage of the fire; meanwhile, a certain mechanical protection effect is achieved on each layer structure inside the cable, the cable is prevented from being damaged by external force in daily use and fire scenes, the design of the outer sheath and the reflective layer can effectively resist light degradation reaction caused by ultraviolet rays, good weather resistance is achieved, and stable performance is kept in the long-term outdoor use process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to an ultraviolet-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the solar photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic cables are facing increasingly complex and demanding use environment requirements. This paper designs a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable, and elaborates on its three innovative points, including a special sheath material formula, a unique cable structure design, and a new fire-retardant technology, and deeply analyzes the beneficial effects of each innovation. Through these innovative designs, it is intended to significantly improve the performance of photovoltaic cables in terms of UV resistance, water blocking and fire resistance, thereby extending the service life of the cable, improving the safety and reliability of the photovoltaic power generation system, and meeting the needs of photovoltaic applications in different environments.

[0003] The cable disclosed in the publication number CN110473669B includes a conductor assembly (102), the conductor assembly having a first conductor (110), a second conductor (112), and an insulator (114) surrounding the first conductor and the second conductor. The insulator has an outer surface (116). The conductor assembly extends the length of the cable (100) along a longitudinal axis. The first conductor (110) has a first core (200) and a first conductive layer (202) on the first core (200). The second conductor (112) has a second core (220) and a second conductive layer (222) on the second core (220). The first core and the second core (200, 220) are dielectrics. The cable (100) includes a cable shield (120) around the conductor assembly (102), the cable shield engages the outer surface (116) of the insulator (114), and provides electrical shielding for the first conductor and the second conductor (110, 112). The cable shield (120) extends along the longitudinal axis.

[0004] In the existing technology, photovoltaic cables, as key components for power transmission in photovoltaic power generation systems, are exposed to outdoor environments for a long time and are subjected to multiple factors such as ultraviolet radiation, rain erosion, temperature changes, and fire risks. Traditional photovoltaic cables may have problems such as sheath aging, cracking, water ingress leading to short circuits in certain harsh environments, and cannot effectively prevent the spread of fire when a fire occurs. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop new photovoltaic cables with excellent UV resistance, water resistance, and fire resistance.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable to solve the problems raised in the above background technology that the traditional photovoltaic cables may have sheath aging, cracking, water ingress leading to short circuits in certain harsh environments, and cannot effectively prevent the spread of fire when a fire occurs.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable, comprising: a conductor layer, a waterproof layer, a tensile layer, a pressure-resistant layer, a flame-retardant layer and a reflective layer, the conductor layer comprising a wire, the surface of the wire is coated with a water-blocking adhesive, the surface of the water-blocking adhesive is provided with a shielding sleeve, the interior of the shielding sleeve is provided with a tensile rope A, the surface of the shielding sleeve is provided with an insulating sleeve, the surface of the insulating sleeve is provided with a film, and the surface of the film is provided with a water-blocking tape.

[0008] Preferably, the wire is formed by twisting a plurality of metal conductor single wires, and water-blocking yarn is used to twist the conductor single wires simultaneously during the twisting process; the cross-linked polyethylene material design of the insulating layer inside the conductor layer not only provides basic electrical insulation function for the cable, prevents current leakage, and ensures that electric energy can be safely and stably transmitted in the conductor, but also provides certain physical protection for the internal conductor to prevent it from external mechanical damage and slight corrosion by chemical substances; and the tensile rope A inside the insulating layer also enhances the tensile and bending resistance of the conductor layer, avoiding the situation where the wire is damaged by excessive stretching; a layer of special water-blocking glue is coated on the surface of the wire. This design forms an effective water-blocking barrier that enables the conductor to quickly and effectively block water when it encounters water, preventing water penetration from causing increased conductor resistance or short-circuit failure, and ensuring the conductivity reliability of the cable in a humid or underwater environment; the aluminum foil material design of the shielding sleeve Since aluminum foil usually has good electromagnetic shielding performance, it is particularly suitable for electromagnetic interference in lower frequency bands, thus preventing each wire from interfering with each other during transmission; the metallized polypropylene film has an extremely low water vapor permeability, which can effectively block external moisture from penetrating into the cable, and its metallized layer also has a certain shielding effect on electromagnetic interference, which can reduce the interference of external electromagnetic signals on cable transmission signals and improve the electrical transmission stability and anti-interference ability of the cable; and the water-blocking tape, which is a composite of water-absorbing resin and fiber materials, has the effect that when moisture contacts the water-blocking tape, the water-absorbing resin quickly absorbs water and expands, fixes the moisture in the water-blocking tape, prevents the moisture from diffusing into the sheath layer, and works synergistically with the metallized polypropylene film to achieve all-round water-blocking protection for the inside of the cable, further reducing the risk of moisture inside the cable, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cable in rainy and humid environments.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the wires is three groups, the three groups of wires are evenly distributed inside the insulating sleeve, and the surfaces of the three groups of wires are coated with water-blocking glue and are covered with shielding sleeves.

[0010] Preferably, the insulating sleeve is made of cross-linked polyethylene, and the shielding sleeve is made of aluminum foil.

[0011] Preferably, the material of the tension-resistant rope A is steel wire, the material of the film is metallized polypropylene, and the material of the water-blocking tape is water-absorbing resin and fiber.

[0012] Preferably, the tensile layer includes an inner sheath, a tensile rope B is arranged inside the inner sheath, an inner protective plate is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sheath, a support frame is fixedly installed on the surface of the inner protective plate, an outer protective plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the support frame, and a buffer block is arranged between the inner and outer protective plates; the natural rubber material of the inner sheath and the interspersed steel wire design work together to improve the tensile strength, compressive strength, wear resistance, environmental resistance and service life of the cable; and the glass fiber material design of the inner protective plate, the support frame and the outer protective plate can effectively support the internal structure of the cable because the glass fiber itself has high tensile strength and rigidity, and prevents the cable from bending or damage due to external force during use, and the buffer block made of polyurethane material is arranged inside, which has the effect of buffering the pressure when the outer protective plate is bent when the cable is under pressure, thereby protecting the wire from being damaged by pressure, and the density of glass fiber is lower than that of metal material, so after the support frame adopts glass fiber, the overall weight of the cable is reduced, which is advantageous for large-scale cable laying or occasions that require easy installation.

[0013] Preferably, the inner sheath is made of natural rubber, and the tension rope B is made of steel wire.

[0014] Preferably, the inner guard plate, the support frame and the outer guard plate are all made of glass fiber, the number of the buffer blocks is seven groups, the seven groups of buffer blocks are evenly distributed inside the outer guard plate, and the material of the buffer blocks is polyurethane.

[0015] Preferably, the flame retardant layer comprises a flame retardant sleeve, the outer surface of the flame retardant sleeve is provided with an outer sheath, and the outer surface of the outer sheath is coated with a reflective layer.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the flame retardant sleeve is vinyl chloride, the main material of the outer sheath is special polyolefin resin, and nano-scale titanium dioxide is added as a UV absorber and a composite system of a proper amount of hindered amine light stabilizer and phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants is added, and the material of the reflective layer is aluminum powder; the flame retardant sleeve polyvinyl chloride design can play a certain flame retardant and heat insulation role in the early stage of fire. When a fire occurs, it can delay the damage of the flame to the internal structure of the cable and reduce the transfer of heat to the inside, providing a guarantee for the cable to maintain a certain normal working performance in the early stage of the fire, and also plays a certain mechanical protection role for the internal structure of each layer to prevent it from being damaged by external forces in daily use and fire scenes; the outer sheath adopts a specially formulated UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant sheath material, which is based on special polyolefin resin and adds nano-scale titanium dioxide as UV absorber. The composite system of external absorber, hindered amine light stabilizer, phenolic antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, with the addition of halogen-free flame retardant and phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, this outer sheath can effectively resist the photodegradation reaction caused by ultraviolet rays, has good weather resistance, and maintains stable performance during long-term outdoor use. In terms of fire prevention, it can quickly form a heat-insulating and oxygen-isolating protective layer during the combustion process to achieve a highly efficient flame-retardant effect. In addition, the fireproof cotton filled between the cable cores and the synergistic effect of the double-layer sheath structure can effectively isolate the heat of the flame, prevent the spread of fire in the cable line, and improve the overall fireproof reliability of the cable. The reflective aluminum powder coated on the surface of the outer sheath can reflect most of the ultraviolet rays, reduce the direct exposure of ultraviolet rays to the cable sheath, and by reflecting ultraviolet rays, it can reduce the ultraviolet energy absorbed by the sheath material, thereby reducing the light aging effect of ultraviolet rays on the cable material.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In the present invention, when in use, the cross-linked polyethylene material design of the insulating layer inside the conductor layer not only provides basic electrical insulation function for the cable, prevents current leakage, and ensures that electric energy can be safely and stably transmitted in the conductor, but also provides certain physical protection for the internal conductor to prevent it from external mechanical damage and slight corrosion by chemical substances; and the tensile rope A inside the insulating layer also enhances the tensile and bending resistance of the conductor layer, avoiding the situation where the wire is damaged by excessive stretching; a layer of special water-blocking glue is coated on the surface of the wire. This design forms an effective water-blocking barrier that allows the conductor to quickly and effectively block water when it encounters water, preventing water penetration from causing increased conductor resistance or short-circuit failure, and ensuring the electrical conductivity of the cable in a humid or underwater environment; the design of the aluminum foil material of the shielding sleeve is because aluminum foil usually has good electromagnetic shielding properties It is particularly suitable for electromagnetic interference in lower frequency bands, thus preventing each wire from interfering with each other during transmission; the metallized polypropylene film has an extremely low water vapor permeability, which can effectively prevent external moisture from penetrating into the cable, and its metallized layer also has a certain shielding effect on electromagnetic interference, which can reduce the interference of external electromagnetic signals on cable transmission signals and improve the electrical transmission stability and anti-interference ability of the cable; and the water-blocking tape, which is a composite of water-absorbing resin and fiber material, has the effect that when moisture contacts the water-blocking tape, the water-absorbing resin quickly absorbs water and expands, fixes the moisture in the water-blocking tape, prevents the moisture from diffusing into the sheath layer, and works synergistically with the metallized polypropylene film to achieve all-round water-blocking protection for the inside of the cable, further reducing the risk of moisture inside the cable, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cable in rainy and humid environments;

[0019] 2. The present invention, when in use, improves the tensile strength, compressive strength, wear resistance, environmental resistance and service life of the cable through the combined effect of the natural rubber material of the inner sheath and the interlaced steel wire design; and the glass fiber material design of the inner guard plate, the support frame and the outer guard plate can effectively support the internal structure of the cable due to the high tensile strength and rigidity of the glass fiber itself, and prevent the cable from bending or damage due to external forces during use, and the buffer block made of polyurethane material is provided inside, which has the effect of buffering the pressure when the outer guard plate is bent when the cable is under pressure, thereby protecting the wire from being damaged by pressure, and the density of glass fiber is lower than that of metal material, so after the support frame adopts glass fiber, the overall weight of the cable is reduced, which is advantageous for large-scale cable laying or occasions requiring easy installation;

[0020] 3. The present invention, when in use, can play a certain flame retardant and heat insulation role in the early stage of fire through the flame retardant polyvinyl chloride design. When a fire occurs, it can delay the damage of the flame to the internal structure of the cable, reduce the heat transfer to the inside, and provide a guarantee for the cable to maintain a certain normal working performance in the early stage of the fire. At the same time, it also plays a certain mechanical protection role for the internal structure to prevent it from being damaged by external forces in daily use and fire scenes; and the outer sheath adopts a specially formulated ultraviolet light resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof sheath material, which is based on a special polyolefin resin polymer, and is added with nano-scale titanium dioxide as an ultraviolet absorber, a hindered amine light stabilizer, and a composite system of phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants, and a halogen-free flame retardant. The compound system and phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants, this outer sheath can effectively resist the photodegradation reaction caused by ultraviolet rays, has good weather resistance, and maintains stable performance during long-term outdoor use. In terms of fire prevention, it can quickly form a heat-insulating and oxygen-isolating protective layer during the combustion process to achieve a highly efficient flame-retardant effect. In addition, the fire-proof cotton filled between the cable cores and the synergistic effect of the double-layer sheath structure can effectively isolate the heat of the flame, prevent the spread of fire in the cable line, and improve the overall fire-proof reliability of the cable. The reflective aluminum powder coated on the surface of the outer sheath can reflect most of the ultraviolet rays, reduce the direct exposure of ultraviolet rays to the cable sheath, and by reflecting ultraviolet rays, it can reduce the ultraviolet energy absorbed by the sheath material, thereby reducing the photo-aging effect of ultraviolet rays on the cable material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the conductor layer, the waterproof layer, the tensile layer, the compression layer and the flame retardant layer in a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the conductor, water-blocking adhesive and shielding sleeve in a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The invention provides a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the compression layer, buffer block, tensile layer and tensile rope B in a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 The invention provides a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable Figure 5 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the reflective layer in the UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable.

[0028] In the figure: 100, conductor layer; 200, waterproof layer; 300, tensile layer; 400, pressure-resistant layer; 500, flame-retardant layer; 6, reflective layer; 101, wire; 102, water-blocking glue; 103, shielding sleeve; 104, insulating sleeve; 105, tensile rope A; 201, film; 202, water-blocking tape; 301, inner sheath; 302, tensile rope B; 401, inner protective plate; 402, support frame; 403, buffer block; 404, outer protective plate; 501, flame-retardant sleeve; 502, outer sheath. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1: Reference Figure 1-4As shown: a UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-proof photovoltaic cable, comprising: a conductor layer 100, a waterproof layer 200, a tensile layer 300, a pressure-resistant layer 400, a flame-retardant layer 500 and a reflective layer 6, the conductor layer 100 comprises a wire 101, the surface of the wire 101 is coated with a water-blocking adhesive 102, the surface of the water-blocking adhesive 102 is sheathed with a shielding sleeve 103, the interior of the shielding sleeve 103 is provided with a tensile rope A105, the surface of the shielding sleeve 103 is sheathed with an insulating sleeve 104, the surface of the insulating sleeve 104 is sheathed with a film 201, the surface of the film 201 is sheathed with a water-blocking tape 202, the wire 101 is formed by twisting a plurality of metal conductor single wires, and water-blocking yarn is used to twist the conductor single wires simultaneously during the twisting process, the number of the wires 101 is three groups, and the three groups of wires 101 are evenly distributed Inside the insulating sleeve 104, the surfaces of the three groups of conductors 101 are coated with water-blocking glue 102 and are covered with a shielding sleeve 103. The insulating sleeve 104 is made of cross-linked polyethylene, the shielding sleeve 103 is made of aluminum foil, the tensile rope A105 is made of steel wire, the film 201 is made of metallized polypropylene, the water-blocking tape 202 is made of water-absorbing resin and fiber, and the combined design of the metallized polypropylene film 201 between the insulating layer and the sheath layer and the water-absorbing and swelling water-blocking tape 202 can effectively prevent moisture from penetrating from the outside of the cable to the inside. The low water vapor permeability of the metallized polypropylene film 201 and the water-absorbing and swelling performance of the water-blocking tape 202 cooperate with each other to form a continuous water-blocking defense line on the entire cable cross section. After strict water permeability testing (according to IEC The water permeability of the cable with this innovative structure can be controlled at an extremely low level, far lower than the water permeability standard of traditional photovoltaic cables, ensuring a dry environment inside the cable and extending the service life of the cable, especially in rainy, humid or underground environments.

[0031] In this embodiment, the cross-linked polyethylene material design of the inner insulating layer of the conductor layer 100 not only provides basic electrical insulation for the cable to prevent current leakage and ensure that electric energy can be safely and stably transmitted in the conductor, but also provides certain physical protection for the inner conductor to prevent it from external mechanical damage and slight corrosion of chemical substances;

[0032] The tensile strength rope A105 inside the insulating layer also enhances the tensile strength and bending resistance of the conductor layer 100, thereby preventing the conductor 101 from being damaged by excessive stretching.

[0033] A special water-blocking glue 102 is coated on the surface of the conductor 101. This design forms a water-blocking barrier that can quickly and effectively block the conductor when it encounters water, preventing water penetration from causing increased conductor resistance or short circuit failure, thereby ensuring the conductivity reliability of the cable in a humid or underwater environment;

[0034] The design of the aluminum foil material of the shielding sleeve 103 is that the aluminum foil generally has good electromagnetic shielding performance and is particularly suitable for electromagnetic interference in a lower frequency band, thereby preventing each wire 101 from interfering with each other during transmission;

[0035] The metallized polypropylene film 201 has a very low water vapor permeability, which can effectively prevent external moisture from penetrating into the cable, and its metallized layer also has a certain shielding effect on electromagnetic interference, which can reduce the interference of external electromagnetic signals on cable transmission signals and improve the electrical transmission stability and anti-interference ability of the cable;

[0036] The design of the water-blocking tape 202, which is a composite of water-absorbing resin and fiber material, ensures that when moisture comes into contact with the water-blocking tape 202, the water-absorbing resin quickly absorbs water and expands, thereby fixing the moisture inside the water-blocking tape 202 and preventing the moisture from diffusing into the sheath layer. The water-absorbing resin works synergistically with the metallized polypropylene film 201 to achieve all-round water-blocking protection for the inside of the cable, further reducing the risk of moisture inside the cable and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cable in rainy and humid environments.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Figure 5-6As shown, the tensile layer 300 includes an inner sheath 301, a tensile rope B302 is arranged inside the inner sheath 301, an inner protective plate 401 is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sheath 301, a support frame 402 is fixedly installed on the surface of the inner protective plate 401, an outer protective plate 404 is fixedly installed on the surface of the support frame 402, a buffer block 403 is arranged between the inner protective plate 401 and the outer protective plate 404, the material of the inner sheath 301 is natural rubber, the material of the tensile rope B302 is steel wire, the inner protective plate 401, the support frame 402 and the outer protective plate The material of 404 is glass fiber, the number of buffer blocks 403 is seven, and the seven groups of buffer blocks 403 are evenly distributed inside the outer protective plate 404. The material of the buffer blocks 403 is polyurethane. The support frame 402 made of glass fiber itself has high strength and modulus. When the cable is subjected to tensile force, such as being stretched during installation or being stretched due to external factors (such as wind force acting on overhead cables) during use, the glass fiber support frame 402 can effectively resist this tensile force and prevent the cable from being overstretched. The internal conductor is deformed or damaged due to the long length, while the internal polyurethane buffer block 403 can share the tensile force to a certain extent. Since polyurethane has good elasticity, it can undergo elastic deformation during the stretching process, absorb part of the tensile energy, and further enhance the overall tensile resistance of the cable. If the cable is subjected to external impact, such as collision during transportation or accidental impact by heavy objects at the installation site, the glass fiber support frame 402 can withstand most of the impact force and prevent the impact force from being directly transmitted to the core components of the cable. The polyurethane buffer block 403 can play a buffering role, further dispersing and absorbing the remaining impact force, protecting the conductor and insulation layer inside the cable from damage, thereby ensuring that the normal function of the cable is not affected. In addition, glass fiber generally has good tolerance to most chemicals, and polyurethane also has a certain resistance to chemical corrosion. When the cable is in an environment where it may be exposed to chemicals, this combined structure can prevent chemicals from corroding the internal structure of the cable and protect the key components of the cable from damage due to chemical corrosion.

[0038] In this embodiment, the natural rubber material of the inner sheath 301 and the interlaced steel wire design work together to improve the tensile strength, compressive strength, wear resistance, environmental resistance and service life of the cable;

[0039] The glass fiber material design of the inner protective plate 401, the support frame 402 and the outer protective plate 404 can effectively support the internal structure of the cable due to the high tensile strength and rigidity of the glass fiber itself, and prevent the cable from bending or damage due to external force during use. The buffer block 403 made of polyurethane material is provided inside to buffer the pressure when the outer protective plate 404 is bent when the cable is under pressure, thereby protecting the conductor 101 from being damaged by pressure. Compared with metal materials, the density of glass fiber is lower. Therefore, after the support frame 402 is made of glass fiber, the overall weight of the cable is reduced, which is advantageous for large-scale cable laying or occasions that require easy installation.

[0040] Embodiment 3: According to Figure 7 As shown, the flame retardant layer 500 includes a flame retardant sleeve 501, the outer surface of the flame retardant sleeve 501 is sleeved with an outer sheath 502, the outer surface of the outer sheath 502 is coated with a reflective layer 6, the material of the flame retardant sleeve 501 is vinyl chloride, the main material of the outer sheath 502 is special polyolefin resin, and nano-scale titanium dioxide is added as an ultraviolet absorber and a composite system of a proper amount of hindered amine light stabilizer and phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants is added, the reflective layer 6 is made of aluminum powder, and the weight percentage of each material in the special polyolefin resin is: 70-80%; nano-TiO2: 8-12%; hindered amine light stabilizer: 3-5%; phenolic antioxidants: 0.5-1%; phosphite antioxidants: 0.5-1%, the ultraviolet shielding effect of nano-TiO2 and the free radical capturing function of the hindered amine light stabilizer are combined to effectively reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays to the sleeve material. After accelerated aging tests (such as xenon lamp aging tests in accordance with ASTM G154 standards), the sheath material using this innovative formula can still maintain a tensile strength of more than 80% and a break elongation of more than 70% after more than 1,000 hours of ultraviolet irradiation. Under the same test conditions, the tensile strength retention rate of traditional photovoltaic cable sheath materials is generally less than 60%, and the break elongation retention rate is less than 50%. This shows that the innovative formula can significantly extend the service life of the cable sheath in outdoor ultraviolet environments and reduce the risk of cable failure caused by sheath aging. The addition of antioxidants effectively inhibits the thermal oxidation aging process of the material. During long-term outdoor use, the cable sheath not only has to withstand ultraviolet radiation, but also has to face temperature changes and the effects of oxygen. In the thermal oxygen aging test (such as hot air aging test according to ASTM D3045 standard), after 1000 hours of aging, the change range of various performance indicators (such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, etc.) of the sheath material with this innovative formula is significantly smaller than that of traditional sheath materials, indicating that it has better weather resistance and can maintain stable performance in complex outdoor environments, reducing cable maintenance costs and replacement frequency.

[0041] In this embodiment, the vinyl chloride design of the flame retardant sleeve 501 can play a certain flame retardant and heat insulation role in the early stage of a fire. When a fire occurs, it can delay the damage of the flame to the internal structure of the cable and reduce the heat transfer to the inside, thereby providing a guarantee for the cable to maintain a certain normal working performance in the early stage of a fire. At the same time, it also plays a certain mechanical protection role for each layer of the internal structure, preventing it from being damaged by external forces in daily use and fire scenes;

[0042] The outer sheath 502 adopts a specially formulated UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant sheath material, which is based on a special polyolefin resin polymer, with nano-grade titanium dioxide added as a UV absorber, a hindered amine light stabilizer, and a composite system of phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants, and a compound system of halogen-free flame retardants and phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants. This outer sheath can effectively resist the photodegradation reaction caused by ultraviolet rays, has good weather resistance, and maintains stable performance during long-term outdoor use. In terms of fire prevention, it can quickly form a heat-insulating and oxygen-isolating protective layer during the combustion process to achieve a highly efficient flame-retardant effect. In addition, under the synergistic effect of filling fireproof cotton between the cable cores and the double-layer sheath structure itself, it can effectively isolate the heat of the flame, prevent the spread of fire in the cable line, and improve the overall fireproof reliability of the cable;

[0043] The reflective aluminum powder coated on the surface of the outer sheath 502 can reflect most of the ultraviolet rays, reducing the direct exposure of the ultraviolet rays to the cable sheath. By reflecting the ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet energy absorbed by the sheath material can be reduced, thereby reducing the photo-aging effect of the ultraviolet rays on the cable material.

[0044] Usage and working principle of the device: When the cable is used in a fire-prone environment, the cross-linked polyethylene material design of the inner insulating layer of the conductor layer 100 not only provides basic electrical insulation for the cable to prevent current leakage and ensure that electric energy can be safely and stably transmitted in the conductor, but also provides certain physical protection for the inner conductor to prevent it from external mechanical damage and slight corrosion by chemical substances;

[0045] The tensile rope A105 inside the insulating layer also enhances the tensile and bending resistance of the conductor layer 100, thereby preventing the conductor 101 from being damaged by excessive stretching.

[0046] A layer of special water-blocking glue 102 is coated on the surface of the conductor 101. This design forms a water-blocking barrier that can quickly and effectively block the conductor when it encounters water, preventing moisture penetration from causing increased conductor resistance or short circuit failure, and ensuring the electrical conductivity of the cable in a humid or underwater environment.

[0047] The design of the aluminum foil material of the shielding sleeve 103 is that the aluminum foil generally has good electromagnetic shielding performance, and is particularly suitable for electromagnetic interference in a lower frequency band, thereby preventing each wire 101 from interfering with each other during transmission;

[0048] The metallized polypropylene film 201 has a very low water vapor permeability, which can effectively prevent external moisture from penetrating into the cable, and its metallized layer also has a certain shielding effect on electromagnetic interference, which can reduce the interference of external electromagnetic signals on cable transmission signals and improve the electrical transmission stability and anti-interference ability of the cable;

[0049] The water-absorbing resin and fiber material composite design of the water-blocking tape 202 ensures that when water contacts the water-blocking tape 202, the water-absorbing resin quickly absorbs water and expands, fixes the water in the water-blocking tape 202, prevents the water from diffusing into the sheath layer, and cooperates with the metallized polypropylene film 201 to achieve all-round water-blocking protection inside the cable, further reducing the risk of moisture inside the cable, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the cable in rainy and humid environments;

[0050] The natural rubber material of the inner sheath 301 and the interlaced steel wire design work together to improve the cable's tensile strength, compressive strength, abrasion resistance, environmental resistance and service life;

[0051] The glass fiber material design of the inner guard plate 401, the support frame 402 and the outer guard plate 404 can effectively support the internal structure of the cable due to the high tensile strength and rigidity of the glass fiber itself, and prevent the cable from bending or being damaged due to external forces during use. The buffer block 403 made of polyurethane material is arranged inside to buffer the pressure when the outer guard plate 404 is bent when the cable is under pressure, thereby protecting the wire 101 from being damaged by pressure. Compared with metal materials, the density of glass fiber is lower. Therefore, after the support frame 402 is made of glass fiber, the overall weight of the cable is reduced, which is advantageous for large-scale cable laying or occasions requiring easy installation.

[0052] The vinyl chloride design of the flame retardant sleeve 501 can play a certain flame retardant and heat insulation role in the early stage of a fire. When a fire occurs, it can delay the damage of the flame to the internal structure of the cable and reduce the heat transfer to the inside, providing a guarantee for the cable to maintain a certain normal working performance in the early stage of a fire. At the same time, it also plays a certain mechanical protection role for the internal structure of each layer to prevent it from being damaged by external forces in daily use and fire scenes;

[0053] The outer sheath 502 adopts a specially formulated sheath material that is resistant to ultraviolet light, water-blocking and fire-proof. It is based on a special polyolefin resin as a base polymer, with the addition of nano-scale titanium dioxide as an ultraviolet absorber, a hindered amine light stabilizer, and a composite system of phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants. At the same time, a compound system of halogen-free flame retardants and phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants are added. This outer sheath can effectively resist the photodegradation reaction caused by ultraviolet rays, has good weather resistance, and maintains stable performance during long-term outdoor use. In terms of fire prevention, it can quickly form a heat-insulating and oxygen-isolating protective layer during the combustion process to achieve a highly efficient flame-retardant effect. In addition, under the synergistic effect of filling fireproof cotton between the cable core wires and the double-layer sheath structure itself, it can effectively isolate the heat of the flame, prevent the spread of fire in the cable line, and improve the overall fire prevention reliability of the cable;

[0054] The reflective aluminum powder coated on the surface of the outer sheath 502 can reflect most of the ultraviolet rays, reducing the direct exposure of the ultraviolet rays to the cable sheath. By reflecting the ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet energy absorbed by the sheath material can be reduced, thereby reducing the photo-aging effect of ultraviolet rays on the cable material.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable, characterized in that: include: A conductor layer (100), a waterproof layer (200), a tensile layer (300), a pressure-resistant layer (400), a flame-retardant layer (500) and a reflective layer (6); the conductor layer (100) comprises a wire (101); the surface of the wire (101) is coated with a water-blocking adhesive (102); the surface of the water-blocking adhesive (102) is covered with a shielding sleeve (103); a tensile rope A (105) is arranged inside the shielding sleeve (103); the surface of the shielding sleeve (103) is covered with an insulating sleeve (104); the surface of the insulating sleeve (104) is covered with a film (201); and the surface of the film (201) is covered with a water-blocking tape (202).

2. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (101) is formed by twisting a plurality of metal conductor single wires, and during the twisting process, water-blocking yarn is twisted simultaneously with the conductor single wires.

3. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the wires (101) is three groups, the three groups of wires (101) are evenly distributed inside the insulating sleeve (104), and the surfaces of the three groups of wires (101) are all coated with water-blocking glue (102) and are covered with a shielding sleeve (103).

4. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (104) is made of cross-linked polyethylene, and the shielding sleeve (103) is made of aluminum foil.

5. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the tension-resistant rope A (105) is steel wire, the material of the film (201) is metallized polypropylene, and the material of the water-blocking tape (202) is water-absorbing resin and fiber.

6. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensile layer (300) comprises an inner sheath (301), a tensile rope B (302) is arranged inside the inner sheath (301), an inner protective plate (401) is sleeved on the outer surface of the inner sheath (301), a support frame (402) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the inner protective plate (401), an outer protective plate (404) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the support frame (402), and a buffer block (403) is arranged between the inner protective plate (401) and the outer protective plate (404).

7. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the inner sheath (301) is natural rubber, and the material of the tension-resistant rope B (302) is steel wire.

8. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner guard plate (401), the support frame (402) and the outer guard plate (404) are all made of glass fiber. The number of the buffer blocks (403) is seven groups. The seven groups of buffer blocks (403) are evenly distributed inside the outer guard plate (404). The material of the buffer blocks (403) is polyurethane.

9. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant layer (500) comprises a flame retardant sleeve (501), the outer surface of the flame retardant sleeve (501) is provided with an outer protective sleeve (502), and the outer surface of the outer protective sleeve (502) is coated with a reflective layer (6).

10. The UV-resistant, water-blocking and fire-resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 9, characterized in that: The material of the flame retardant sleeve (501) is vinyl chloride, the main material of the outer sheath (502) is a special polyolefin resin, and nano-scale titanium dioxide is added as an ultraviolet absorber and a proper amount of hindered amine light stabilizer is compounded, and a composite system of phenolic antioxidants and phosphite antioxidants is added, and the material of the reflective layer (6) is aluminum powder.

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