High-stability fuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-stability fuse, and belongs to the technical field of fuses, the high-stability fuse comprises a shell and a fuse element, the shell is provided with a first shell and a second shell which are detachably connected, and the first shell and the second shell are matched to form a closed space for accommodating the fuse element; the fuse element comprises a plurality of terminal units and fusible units, each terminal unit is provided with a first prong, a second prong and a gap arranged between the first prong and the second prong, the gap is used for inserting a male end of an opponent piece, the inner side wall of each prong is at least provided with an upper protruding point and a lower protruding point, and the positions of the protruding points correspond to each other; when an over-current condition occurs, the fusible unit is disconnected, causing current interruption between the terminal units. The fuse at least solves one of the problems that an existing fuse is unstable in connection due to a terminal structure, poor in current bearing and distribution capacity, poor in heat dissipation, difficult in shell disassembly and the like, and the performance, reliability and maintenance convenience of the fuse in scenes of automobile electric appliances and the like are improved through innovative design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention mainly relates to the technical field of fuses, and in particular to a high-stability fuse. Background Art

[0002] Traditional fuses are commonly used overcurrent protection devices in electrical circuits. Their basic structure includes terminal structure and housing, and contains internal fuse elements. In terms of terminal structure, elastic pressing sheet or material interference three-point contact method is mostly adopted. The housing connection usually uses hot melt or forced connection method.

[0003] First, in terms of terminal structure, the elastic pressed sheet structure has inherent defects. It is easy to lose elasticity after heating, and the three-point contact with material interference will deform due to uneven force, which directly leads to poor connection stability, and is prone to problems such as loose connection and poor contact, which in turn affects the normal operation of the circuit. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of ​​these two terminal structures is usually small, which greatly limits the current carrying capacity and is difficult to meet the needs of high-current circuits. In addition, its three-point contact will also cause uneven current distribution, a single and concentrated conduction path, and affect the performance of the fuse.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of shell connection, hot melt or forced connection methods bring great inconvenience to the maintenance of fuses. When the fuse needs to be disassembled for maintenance, this connection method will destroy the connection structure, which is not only difficult to operate, but also easy to damage the shell and the internal fuse element. Reinstallation is also quite cumbersome and cannot meet the requirements of convenient maintenance.

[0005] Furthermore, for the overall structure of the fuse, the design of the housing and the fuse element is not reasonable, the positioning and support of the fuse element in the housing are not good, and it is easy to move and shake, which seriously affects the normal operation and fusing performance of the fuse. In addition, the protection design of traditional fuses is relatively weak, lacking effective protection measures, and is easily affected by external environmental factors such as dust and moisture, which greatly reduces its service life and reliability.

[0006] In view of the many problems existing in the above-mentioned traditional fuses, a new fuse structure is needed to solve the problems of poor connection stability, limited current carrying capacity, inconvenient maintenance, poor positioning and support of fuse elements, and weak protection performance, so as to improve the performance and reliability of fuses in various electrical circuits and meet the needs of overcurrent protection in different environments and circuits. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a high-stability fuse, which at least solves one of the problems of existing fuses due to unstable connection of terminal structure, poor current carrying and distribution capacity, poor heat dissipation and difficulty in shell disassembly, and improves its performance, reliability and maintenance convenience in scenarios such as automotive electrical appliances through innovative design to meet the requirements of modern electrical systems.

[0008] The present invention provides a fuse with novel structure and superior performance. Through innovative shell connection and positioning structure, internal support and positioning structure, optimized terminal and fusible unit structure and enhanced protection structure, many problems of existing fuses are overcome, and significant advantages are shown in connection stability, fusing performance, maintenance convenience and protection performance. The present invention is suitable for various electrical circuits requiring overcurrent protection, and has broad application prospects and significant creativity.

[0009] The high-stability fuse of the present invention includes a housing and a fuse element. The housing includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing cooperate to form a closed space for accommodating the fuse element, and the first housing and the second housing are detachably connected by a snap-on assembly. The snap-on assembly is arranged on the first housing and the second housing to ensure accurate connection and positioning between the two, thereby providing a guarantee for the structural stability of the entire fuse. Preferably, the housing has a generally rectangular or box-shaped profile, which can completely enclose the fuse element and effectively prevent external factors from interfering with the fuse element.

[0010] The fuse element includes a plurality of terminal units and a fusible unit, which is the core part for realizing the overcurrent protection function of the fuse. The fusible unit will melt when there is an overcurrent, cutting off the circuit, and the terminal unit is used to connect the external circuit. Each terminal unit has a main fork and a secondary fork, and a gap arranged between the main fork and the secondary fork, and the gap is used to insert the male end of the opponent. The inner side wall of the fork has at least upper and lower raised contact points, and the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the main fork correspond to the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the secondary fork, respectively, and each raised contact point is used to form an electrical contact with the male end inserted into the fork gap. The fusible unit is arranged between a plurality of terminal units. When an overcurrent state occurs, the fusible unit is disconnected, causing the interruption of the current flow between the plurality of terminal units.

[0011] Furthermore, the fuse element includes a first terminal unit and a second terminal unit, and the two have the same structure. The first terminal unit has a first main fork and a first secondary fork, and the two have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical design ensures uniform distribution of current on the terminal unit and enhances the stability of the overall structure.

[0012] The fuse of the present invention further includes an isolation assembly, which is centrally arranged in the first housing or the second housing. The isolation assembly is used to separate the lower part of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are used to accommodate the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit respectively, so as to realize electrical isolation between the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit, and effectively avoid electrical interference between the two terminal units.

[0013] The isolation assembly includes a partition, which is arranged in the first shell, and the second shell is provided with a central groove, and the partition cooperates with the central groove to realize the positioning and clamping of the first shell and the second shell, and maintain the electrical isolation between the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit. At the same time, the isolation assembly also includes a central positioning end, which is located in the upper half of the shell, and is used to contact the same side ends of the first terminal unit and the second terminal unit at the same time to realize the positioning of the terminal unit. The central positioning end and the partition can be formed integrally, which enhances the stability of the structure. In addition, the central positioning end includes at least one protrusion structure, the height of which exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit, further improving the positioning accuracy of the terminal unit.

[0014] The fusible unit includes a plurality of conductive arms, each of which is configured to be connected to a terminal unit. A plurality of bridging sections, each of which is connected to a conductive arm on both sides, and in an overcurrent state, the bridging section is melted to interrupt the current flow between the terminal units on both sides. The bridging section of the fusible unit has a spherical diffusion portion and a fusible component. The spherical diffusion portion can increase the volume and surface area of ​​the part and optimize heat distribution and conduction. When the current is overloaded, the fusible component reaches the melting point first and melts, causing the bridging section to melt and cut off the circuit. Due to the presence of the spherical diffusion portion, heat transfer and concentration are accelerated, which can accelerate the fusing process, improve the fusing performance, and achieve faster and more accurate overcurrent protection. Compared with traditional fuses, it has significant advantages in fusing performance.

[0015] The card assembly includes a card slot and a card member. The card slot is provided on the inner side wall of the first shell and is distributed along the first direction; the card member is provided on the outer side wall of the second shell, and each card member is connected with a card slot to complete the connection between the first shell and the second shell. There is at least one pair of card slots, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first shell to ensure the stability of the connection. The extension length of the card member in the first direction does not exceed the card slot to prevent the card member from extending excessively and affecting the connection effect.

[0016] In addition, the clamping assembly also includes a positioning beam and a positioning groove. The positioning beam is provided on the inner side wall of one end of the first shell and is distributed along the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction; the positioning groove is provided on the second shell, and each positioning beam cooperates with a positioning groove to realize the connection between the first shell and the second shell. The number of positioning beams includes but is not limited to one. Through the cooperation of the positioning beam and the positioning groove, the clamping groove and the clamping member, the shell is accurately positioned from different directions, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse and overcoming the defects of traditional fuses in connection and positioning.

[0017] The fuse of the present invention further comprises a fork tine guide assembly, which comprises a mounting notch provided on the housing, each mounting notch corresponding to a fork tine gap of a terminal unit in spatial position. The mounting notch limits and guides the position where the fork tine of the terminal unit passes through the housing, ensuring that the fork tine is connected to the external male terminal after passing through the housing, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the connection.

[0018] The fuse also includes an internal support assembly, which includes a positioning block provided in the first shell, and the positioning block is used to contact and limit one side end of the terminal unit. The positioning blocks are a pair, symmetrically arranged on the two side walls inside the first shell, ensuring the stability of the terminal unit in the shell. The internal support assembly also includes a support block and an inner limit edge, which are provided in the lower half of the first shell, both of which are used to contact and support with the fork teeth, forming a certain gap space between the fork teeth and the inner side wall of the first shell, playing a role of buffering and supporting. The internal fixing part is provided in the upper half of the first shell, and is used to contact and support with the fusible unit, forming a certain gap space between the fusible unit and the inner side wall of the first shell, ensuring the stability of the fusible unit during operation.

[0019] The upper gap defined by the upper raised contact points of the main fork tine and the secondary fork tine is L1, and the lower gap defined by the lower raised contact points of the main fork tine and the secondary fork tine is L2, wherein the lower gap L2 is less than the upper gap L1. When the male end of the handpiece is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the male end and opens the angle, and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide a stable four-point contact to avoid loose clamping and twisting or deformation of the contact point. The lower gap L2 is smaller, providing a stable clamping force to ensure good contact pressure between the male end and the fork tine, thereby achieving a reliable electrical connection. The absolute value of the difference between the lower gap L2 and the upper gap L1 is between 0.03mm and 0.08mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) High connection stability: The snap-on connection of the card slot and the card piece replaces the traditional hot melt or forced connection method, which not only realizes the detachable connection between the first shell and the second shell, facilitating maintenance and replacement, but also improves the stability of the connection; (2) Accurate positioning: By combining the positioning beam with the positioning groove, the partition with the center groove, the shell can be accurately positioned from different directions, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse, and overcoming the defects of traditional fuses in connection and positioning; (3) Superior electrical performance: The terminal unit has a unique fork structure with a raised point and an inclined section, which improves the connection performance with the external male terminal and the current carrying capacity, and improves the current distribution. The bridge section of the fusible unit has a spherical diffusion part and a fusible component, which can accelerate the fusing process, improve the fusing performance, and achieve faster and more accurate overcurrent protection; (4) High electrical contact stability: The upper gap L1 defined by the upper raised contact points of the main fork tines and the auxiliary fork tines is larger than the lower gap L2 defined by the lower raised contact points, and the absolute value of the difference between L2 and L1 is between 0.03 mm and 0.08 mm. When the male end is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the opening angle and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide a stable four-point contact to avoid loose clamping, distortion, and deformation. (5) Good protection performance: The shell has a rectangular or box-shaped outline, which completely encloses the fuse element, effectively preventing the influence of external factors such as dust and moisture, and extending the service life of the fuse.

[0021] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The structure of the "tongue-pressing piece" fuse in the fuse box of automobile electrical appliances in the prior art is demonstrated; Figure 2 The structure of a three-point fuse in a fuse box of an automobile electrical appliance in the prior art is presented; Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first housing of the fuse shown in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The three-dimensional structure of the first housing of the fuse shown in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in another perspective; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the first housing of the fuse shown in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second housing of the fuse shown in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 The third embodiment of the present invention is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second housing of the fuse in another viewing angle; Figure 8 The three-dimensional structure of the fuse housing shown in the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown; Fig. 9 The three-dimensional structure of the fuse housing shown in another perspective according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Fig.10 The structure in which the fuse element is placed in the fuse housing in the embodiment of the present invention is presented. In order to clearly show the installation position and layout relationship of the fuse element in the fuse housing, the second housing is hidden in the figure; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the structure in which the fuse element is placed in the fuse housing from a front view angle; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the top view of the fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 A bottom view schematic diagram of the structure of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fuse element in the embodiment of the present invention. This figure shows the complete structure of the fuse element involved in the present invention from a three-dimensional perspective, and clearly presents the spatial position relationship and appearance characteristics of its various parts; Fig.15 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the main structure; Fig.16 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the left view structure; Fig.17 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above; Fig.18 yes Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0023] Description of Figure Numbers: 100. Fuse element; 1. fusible unit; 11. bridge section; 2. first spherical diffusion section; 3. second spherical diffusion section; 21. first curved section; 31. second curved section; 121. first transition section; 131. second transition section; 4. first terminal unit; 41. first position-limiting portion; 411. first arc portion; 42. first main fork tine; 42a. first main upper contact point; 42b. first main lower contact point; 421. first main extension end; 422. first main upper inclined wall; 423. first main lower inclined wall; 43. first secondary fork tine; 43a. first secondary upper contact point; 43b. first secondary lower contact point; 431. first secondary extension end; 44. first fork tine gap; 45. first recess; 5. Second terminal unit; 51. Second position-limiting portion; 511. Second arc portion; 52. Second main fork tine; 52a. Second main upper contact point; 52b. Second main lower contact point; 521. Second main extension end; 522. Second main upper inclined wall; 523. Second main lower inclined wall; 53. Second secondary fork tine; 53a. Second secondary upper contact point; 53b. Second secondary lower contact point; 531. Second secondary extension end; 54. Second fork tine gap; 55. Second recess; 200, housing; 210, first housing; 201, positioning end; 202, first main housing; 203, positioning beam; 204, slot; 205, first notch; 211, partition; 212, center positioning end; 213, positioning block; 214, inner fixing member; 215, support block; 216, inner limiting edge; 2021, side support column; 2022, center support column; 2023, upper main housing; 220, second shell; 221, top sealing plate; 2211, positioning groove; 222, second main shell; 2221, side support member; 2222, center support member; 2223, lower main shell; 2201, second notch; 2202, clamp; 2203, center groove; 230, installation notch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the content disclosed in the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0025] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly connected by technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terminology used in the specification of the present invention is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0027] Embodiment: The high-stability fuse provided in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a housing 200 and a fuse element 100. The various components cooperate closely with each other to jointly achieve excellent overcurrent protection function and high stability.

[0028] From the overall structure point of view, refer to the attached Figure 3-Figure 9 The housing 200 is composed of a first housing 210 and a second housing 220, and has a rectangular or box-shaped profile. This design can completely enclose the fuse element 100, provide reliable protection for it, effectively resist interference from adverse factors such as external dust and metal substances, and greatly extend the service life of the fuse. Preferably, in this embodiment, the housing 200 is transparent and visible, and whether the internal fuse element 100 is fused can be seen by the naked eye, without the need for instrument detection, which greatly shortens the detection time.

[0029] The first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are detachably connected by a snap-fit ​​assembly. The snap-fit ​​assembly is disposed on the first housing and the second housing to ensure accurate connection and positioning between the two, thereby providing a guarantee for the structural stability of the entire fuse. Preferably, the housing has a generally rectangular or box-shaped profile, which can completely enclose the fuse element and effectively prevent external factors from interfering with the fuse element.

[0030] The fuse of the present invention also includes an isolation component, which is centrally arranged in the first shell 210 or the second shell 220, and is used to separate the lower part of the shell 200 into a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber and the second chamber are respectively used to accommodate the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5, thereby realizing electrical isolation between the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5, and effectively avoiding electrical interference between the two terminal units.

[0031] Preferably, in this embodiment, the isolation component includes a partition 211, which is arranged in the first shell 210, and the second shell 220 is provided with a central groove 2203, and the partition 211 cooperates with the central groove 2203 to realize the positioning and clamping of the first shell 210 and the second shell 220, and maintain the electrical isolation between the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5. At the same time, the isolation component also includes a central positioning end 212, which is located in the upper half of the shell 200, and is used to contact the same side ends of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 at the same time to realize the positioning of the terminal unit. The central positioning end 212 and the partition 211 can be formed integrally, which enhances the stability of the structure. In addition, the central positioning end 212 includes at least one protrusion structure, the height of which exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit, further improving the positioning accuracy of the terminal unit.

[0032] In order to improve the convenience and stability of the snap connection between the first shell 210 and the second shell 220, the snap connection assembly in this embodiment includes a snap slot 204 and a snap member 2202. The snap slot 204 is provided on the inner side wall of the first shell 210 and distributed along the first direction. Correspondingly, the snap member 2202 is provided on the outer side wall of the second shell 220, and each snap member 2202 is snapped with a snap slot 204 to complete the connection between the first shell 210 and the second shell 220. It should be noted that the first direction here refers to Figure 8 In order to further improve the stability of the card connection, in some achievable ways, the card slots 204 are at least one pair, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first shell 210, to ensure the stability of the connection. It is understandable that the card slots 204 can be one pair, or two pairs or three pairs, and the present invention does not limit this. In this embodiment, the extension length of the card in the first direction does not exceed the card slot, so as to prevent the card from extending too far and affecting the connection effect.

[0033] In addition, the clamping assembly further includes a positioning beam 203 and a positioning groove 2211. The positioning beam 203 is disposed on the inner side wall of one end of the first shell 210 and is distributed along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. The positioning groove 2211 is disposed on the second shell 220, and each positioning beam 203 cooperates with a positioning groove 2211 to realize the connection between the first shell 210 and the second shell 220. It should be noted that the second direction here is Figure 8 Horizontal direction in .

[0034] It is understandable that the number of the positioning beam 203 in the present invention includes but is not limited to one. Through the cooperation between the positioning beam 203 and the positioning groove 2211, the clamping groove 204 and the clamping member 2202, the housing is accurately positioned from different directions, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the overall structure of the fuse, and overcoming the defects of the traditional fuse in connection and positioning.

[0035] The fuse of this embodiment also includes a fork tine guide assembly, which includes an installation notch 230 provided on the shell 200, and each of the installation notches 230 corresponds to the fork tine gap of a terminal unit in spatial position; the installation notch 230 limits and guides the position of the fork tine of the terminal unit passing through the shell 200, ensuring that the fork tine is connected to the external male end after passing through the shell 200, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the connection.

[0036] In order to prevent the internal shaking of the fuse and the instability of the fuse element 100, the fuse of this embodiment is also provided with an internal support assembly, which includes a positioning block 213 provided on the first housing 210, and the positioning block 213 is used to contact and limit with one end of the terminal unit. The positioning blocks 213 are a pair, symmetrically arranged on the two side walls inside the first housing 210, to ensure the stability of the terminal unit in the housing.

[0037] Specifically, the internal support assembly in this embodiment also includes a support block 215 and an inner limit edge 216, which are arranged in the lower half of the first shell 210, and are used to contact and support the fork teeth, and form a certain gap space between the fork teeth and the inner wall of the first shell 210, which plays a role of buffering and supporting. The internal fixing member 214 is arranged in the upper half of the first shell 210, and is used to contact and support the fusible unit 1, and form a certain gap space between the fusible unit 1 and the inner wall of the first shell 210, to ensure the stability of the fusible unit during operation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first housing 210 is composed of a central positioning end 212, a first main housing 202, a positioning beam 203, a clamping groove 204, a first notch 205 and a partition 211. The central positioning end 212 is located at one end of the first housing 210, has a block structure, has a certain thickness and length, and has a specially processed outer surface to ensure smooth and stable matching with other components during assembly, and provide accurate alignment and positioning reference for the installation of subsequent components.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the first main housing 202 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and is made of insulating materials with sufficient strength, such as plastic or ceramic, to provide a reliable accommodation space for the internal fuse element and supporting structure. Its shell has a suitable thickness, which can effectively resist the risk of damage caused by external forces or internal components during use.

[0040] from Figure 4 As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, the positioning beam 203 is a long strip structure extending from one side of the first main housing 202, and its length, width and height are precisely set according to the overall design requirements. When connected with the second housing 220, the positioning beam 203 needs to be accurately inserted into the positioning groove 2211 of the second housing 220, which plays a key role in achieving precise alignment and positioning in the vertical direction. To ensure a tight fit, its surface is processed with high precision to reduce assembly errors.

[0041] Correspondingly, in this embodiment, the card slot 204 is distributed on the edge or side of the first main shell 202, and is mostly in the shape of a dovetail or rectangular groove. Its size is strictly matched with the card part 2202 of the second shell 220, and the depth and width are precisely designed, which not only ensures that the card part 2202 can be firmly embedded, but also facilitates subsequent disassembly and maintenance operations.

[0042] The first notch 205 is located on the side of the first main shell 202, and is usually rectangular or in a shape adapted thereto, with a corresponding length, width and depth, and its edges are chamfered, which not only prevents the tines of the terminal unit 310 from being scratched when passing through, but also reduces stress concentration, while ensuring that there is enough room for the tines to move after passing through.

[0043] The partition plate 211 is located in the first main housing 202 near the center (see FIG. 3 , Figure 4 ), determined according to the overall size of the fuse and the position requirements of the fuse element. During assembly, the partition 211 is matched with the central groove 2203 of the second shell 220 (see FIG. 6, Figure 7 ), realize the accurate center positioning of the first shell 210 and the second shell 220 in the horizontal direction, and accurately determine the center position of the fuse element, ensuring the symmetry and stability of the entire fuse structure. To ensure stability, the surface of the partition 211 is roughened to generate appropriate friction to prevent displacement during use.

[0044] The second housing 220 includes a top sealing plate 221, a second main housing 222, a second notch 2201, a clamp 2202 and a central groove 2203. The top sealing plate 221 is a plate-like structure covering the top of the fuse, and is made of an insulating material with a certain hardness, such as hard plastic or a metal sheet, with a flat and smooth surface, and is tightly connected to the first housing 210 and the second main housing 222. A sealing gasket 2212 is provided at the connection between the first and second housings. The sealing gasket 2212 is annular and made of a rubber or silicone material with good elasticity and sealing performance. The thickness is designed according to the sealing requirements, and can fit tightly at the connection position to form an effective sealing barrier to prevent dust, metal substances and other foreign substances from entering the fuse, further improving the protection performance of the fuse.

[0045] The second main shell 222 serves as the main body of the second shell 220 , and is similar to the first main shell 202 , in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, and its shape and size match those of the first main shell 202 . The material and thickness are determined based on comprehensive considerations of structural strength and cost, providing accommodation space for internal components.

[0046] The second notch 2201 corresponds to the first notch 205 and is usually rectangular or trapezoidal in shape. Its depth and width are carefully designed to ensure that the tine of the terminal unit 310 can pass through smoothly and ensure stability and reliability after passing through. At the same time, it plays a guiding and limiting role so that the tine can be accurately connected to the external male end after passing through the shell.

[0047] The clamp 2202 extends from the side of the second main shell 222 and can be flat or have a certain curvature. Its length, width and thickness are determined according to the structural strength requirements. Its outer surface may be provided with reinforcing ribs or textures to enhance the strength and stability of the second shell 220. After assembly, it can fit tightly with the first shell 210 or be connected through an auxiliary structure to enhance the structural strength of the entire shell. The central groove 2203 is set inside the second main shell 222 and can be set as a cylindrical groove (see Figure 6, Figure 7 ), whose depth and diameter match those of the partition 211, and whose inner wall has a high processing accuracy, ensuring a close fit with the partition 211 and the accuracy of horizontal positioning.

[0048] When assembling the first shell 210 and the second shell 220, the card slot 204 of the first shell 210 is precisely aligned with the card piece 2202 of the second shell 220, and appropriate pressure is applied to insert the card piece 2202 into the card slot 204 to complete the preliminary snap connection. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the positioning beam 203 is accurately embedded in the positioning groove 2211 of the second shell 220, and the partition 211 is accurately inserted into the central groove 2203, so as to achieve the precise positioning of the first shell 210 and the second shell 220 in the vertical and horizontal directions. In this process, attention should be paid to the alignment accuracy of each component to avoid affecting the connection firmness and the normal operation of the internal components due to assembly errors.

[0049] like Figure 10-Figure 18 As shown, it is composed of a first terminal unit 4, a second terminal unit 5 and a fusible unit 1. The first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical design helps to evenly distribute the current and enhance the stability of the overall structure. Taking the first terminal unit 4 as an example, it has a first main fork tine 42 and a first secondary fork tine 43 (see Figure 1). Figure 14-18 ), the gap formed between the two is specifically used to insert the male end of the counterpart. The contact parts of the terminal unit with the side support column 2021 of the first shell 210 and the side support member 2221 of the second shell 220 are provided with corresponding mating surfaces, the shape and size of which are designed according to the side support structure to ensure horizontal stability and prevent shaking.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first terminal unit 4 includes a first limit portion 41, which is connected to the first arc portion 411, and the first arc portion 411 is further connected to the first main fork tine 42 and the first secondary fork tine 43. The inner side wall of the first main fork tine 42 is provided with a first main upper contact point 42a and a first main lower contact point 42b, and the inner side wall of the first secondary fork tine 43 is provided with a first secondary upper contact point 43a and a first secondary lower contact point 43b. These raised contact points are key parts for achieving good electrical contact. During the manufacturing process, the precision requirements for these raised contact points are extremely high. For example, the height difference between the first main upper contact point 42a of the first main fork tine 42 and the first secondary upper contact point 43a of the first secondary fork tine 43 is strictly controlled within 0.05mm, and the surface roughness of the raised contact point reaches Ra0.8 or less. Such high-precision processing can ensure close fit when contacting with the male end, effectively reduce contact resistance, and ensure stable conduction of current.

[0051] In addition, the first main fork tine 42 is connected to the first main extension end 421 through the first main upper inclined wall 422 and the first main lower inclined wall 423, wherein the first main upper inclined wall 422 extends from the first main upper contact point 42a to the first arc portion 411, and the first main lower inclined wall 423 extends from the first main lower contact point 42b to the first arc portion 411, and a first fork tine gap 44 is formed between the first main fork tine 42 and the first secondary fork tine 43, and the first fork tine gap 44 extends to the first arc portion 411, and a first recess 45 is provided on the outer side of the first main fork tine 42 and the first secondary fork tine 43. The first secondary fork tine 43 also has a similar structure and is connected to the first secondary extension end 431 through an inclined wall. The design of the inclined section has multiple advantages. On the one hand, it increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the fork teeth. According to the law of resistance, the increase in cross-sectional area can effectively reduce resistance, so that under the same voltage, the terminal can carry a larger current, thereby improving the working ability of the fuse in a high current environment; on the other hand, the inclined section can guide the current to be evenly distributed and reduce the occurrence of local overheating.

[0052] The angle formed between the two inclined sections is in the range of 150° to 160°. This angle design has a positive effect on the insertion and contact of the male end while ensuring the stability of the structure. During the insertion of the male end, this angle range can guide the male end to enter between the fork teeth along a specific direction, reduce the resistance and deviation during insertion, and make the insertion operation smoother and more accurate. The appropriate angle can also promote the formation of a larger contact area between the male end and the fork teeth, and further reduce the contact resistance and improve the reliability of electrical contact on the basis of four-point contact (i.e., the contact between the first main upper contact point 42a, the first main lower contact point 42b, the first auxiliary upper contact point 43a, and the first auxiliary lower contact point 43b and the male end). At the same time, the larger contact area helps to disperse the current and reduce the possibility of local overheating. Moreover, the angle design of the fork teeth cooperates with the overall structure to enhance the stability of the fuse element 100. When subjected to external force, the angle design allows the tines to better withstand and disperse the force, reduce the risk of deformation, and affect the elasticity of the tines so that they can produce appropriate elastic deformation after being inserted into the male end, providing a certain buffering and adaptive capability, further ensuring the stability and reliability of the contact.

[0053] The second terminal unit 5 has the same structure as the first terminal unit 4, and comprises a second limiting portion 51, a second arc portion 511, a second main fork tine 52, a second secondary fork tine 53, a second main upper contact point 52a, a second main lower contact point 52b, a second secondary upper contact point 53a, a second secondary lower contact point 53b, a second main extension end 521, a second secondary extension end 531, a second fork tine gap 54 and a second recess 55, and the positional relationship and function of each part thereof are similar to those of the corresponding parts of the first terminal unit 4, and the symmetrical distribution of the two not only ensures the uniform distribution of current on the terminal unit, but also enhances the stability of the overall structure.

[0054] The fusible unit 1 is a core component for realizing the overcurrent protection function of the fuse, and includes a plurality of conductive arms and a plurality of bridge sections 11 ( Figure 14-18 ). The conductive arm is firmly connected to the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5, respectively, and transition sections, such as the first transition section 121 and the second transition section 131, are provided at the connection parts between the conductive arm and the terminal unit. The cross-sectional area of ​​these transition sections gradually increases from the side away from the terminal unit toward the terminal unit. This design is based on the characteristics of current transmission in the conductor, and can effectively reduce the concentration of current at the connection part and reduce the contact resistance, thereby ensuring efficient transmission of current between the terminal unit and the fusible unit 1. In some feasible embodiments, the surface of the conductive arm may have a coating or other surface treatment to enhance the conductivity and anti-oxidation performance and ensure long-term stable current conduction.

[0055] The bridge section 11 is a key part for realizing the fusing function, connecting different conductive arms. Under normal current conditions, the bridge section 11 can stably carry current. At least one side of the bridge section 11 is provided with a spherical diffusion part, such as a first spherical diffusion part 2 and a second spherical diffusion part 3 ( Figure 14-18 ), the spherical diffusion part is approximately spherical, has a certain diameter and wall thickness, and is designed according to the fusing characteristics of the fuse, which can increase the volume and surface area of ​​this part and optimize heat distribution and conduction. An easily fusible component is provided inside the spherical diffusion part, and its melting temperature is lower than that of the bridge section 11, and is usually a low melting point metal or alloy such as tin or lead-tin alloy, and its shape and size are determined according to the size of the bridge section 11 and the spherical diffusion part.

[0056] When the current is overloaded, according to Joule's law, the bridge section 11 heats up due to the heat generated by the current, and the fusible component reaches the melting point and melts first. According to the principle of alloy melting point reduction, the fusing process of the bridge section 11 is greatly accelerated, and the response speed of the fuse is significantly improved to protect the safety of the equipment. For example, in this embodiment, the bridge section is made of copper alloy material, and the spherical diffusion portion arranged on one side thereof is inlaid with fusible components, which can increase the protection response time for the fuse. The thickness and length of the bridge section 11 are optimized to ensure accurate and reliable fusing under different overload currents. The contact parts of the fusible unit 1 and the central support column 2022 of the first shell 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second shell 220 are designed with corresponding mating surfaces or structures to ensure the stability and reliability of the support.

[0057] The spherical diffuser is composed of two detachable hemispheres with a manufacturing accuracy of ±0.02mm. After assembly, its diameter is 0.5mm-1.0mm larger than the width of the bridge section. The diameter of the spherical diffuser is larger than the width of the bridge section 11, and the spherical diffusers can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bridge section 11 to further optimize the fusing effect. The spherical diffuser is arranged at the curved portion, such as the first curved portion 21 and the second curved portion 31. One end of the curved portion is connected to the bridge section 11, and the other end is connected to the conductive arm. This structural design can effectively guide the flow of current and improve the overall performance of the fusible unit 1.

[0058] From the temperature distribution simulation data results of the fuse under different current conditions, it can be seen that under relatively stable operating conditions, when the fuse element in the embodiment of the present invention is in rated operation, the temperature of the contact point is close to the ambient temperature. Taking the 10A current as an example, the contact point temperature is 24.4773K, which indicates that the thermal stability at the contact point is good and the heating phenomenon at the contact point is weak. Due to the low heat, the oxidation degree of the contact point will be very light, which has a positive effect on extending the service life of the product.

[0059] When the fuse encounters a large current (such as an impact current), that is, when the current passing through reaches more than 1 times the rated current of the fuse element (for example, 60A or 80A), the main heating points are concentrated in the fuse part. Although such a large current lasts for a short time, basically within 1 second, the temperature of the fuse part rises rapidly. Taking the case of a 60A current, the temperature at the fuse position is as high as 144.574k, while the contact point temperature (76.2501k) is much lower than the softening temperature of the material. From the comparison of simulation data under various current conditions, the heating points are always mainly concentrated in the fuse part, and its temperature is far higher than the contact point temperature. In this case, the contact point is limitedly affected by the large current, and has little effect on the oxidation degree and contact stability of the product, thereby ensuring the stability of product quality and helping to improve the service life of the product.

[0060] When installing the fuse element 100 into the housing 200, it is necessary to strictly follow the predetermined steps. First, the conductive arm and the bridge section 11 of the fusible unit 1 are arranged in a predetermined position so that they are in close contact with the central support column 2022 of the first housing 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second housing 220, and are stably and reliably supported in the vertical direction to ensure that they are in an accurate working position. At the same time, the outer sides of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 are in full contact with the side support column 2021 of the first housing 210 and the side support member 2221 of the second housing 220 to ensure stability in the horizontal direction and prevent shaking or displacement. After that, the housing is assembled. During the assembly process, it is necessary to ensure that the slot 204 and the card 2202, the positioning beam 203 and the positioning slot 2211, the partition 211 and the central slot 2203 and other components are accurately aligned. The assembly of the fuse is completed through precise operation to ensure the matching accuracy between the components and avoid affecting the performance of the fuse due to improper installation.

[0061] During normal operation, the current flows from the external circuit through the male end of the counterpart into the fuse element 100. Specifically, the current first enters through the protruding points on the fork teeth of the first terminal unit 4 and the second terminal unit 5 (such as the first main upper contact point 42a, the first main lower contact point 42b, the first secondary upper contact point 43a, the first secondary lower contact point 43b, the second main upper contact point 52a, the second main lower contact point 52b, the second secondary upper contact point 53a, the second secondary lower contact point 53b, etc.), and these protruding contact points are in close contact with the male end to form a stable electrical contact to ensure that the current can flow smoothly. Then, the current flows into the bridge section 11 of the fusible unit 1 through the conductive arm (with the help of transition sections such as the first transition section 121 and the second transition section 131 to achieve efficient transmission), and then evenly conducts to the entire fuse element. Within the normal current range, although the current flowing in the fuse body will generate heat, the generated heat can be dissipated in time, the fuse will not blow, the fuse will work normally, and the stable operation of the circuit is guaranteed.

[0062] Once an abnormal situation such as overload or short circuit occurs in the circuit, the current will increase sharply. At this time, the easily fusible component of the bridge section 11 will quickly heat up due to the large amount of heat generated by the current, and begin to melt after reaching its melting point. Since the easily fusible component is arranged in the spherical diffusion part, the special structure of the spherical diffusion part will promote the concentration and diffusion of heat, and accelerate the fusing process of the bridge section 11. When the bridge section 11 is fused, the circuit is cut off, thereby protecting the circuit and related electrical equipment from damage caused by excessive current, and realizing a reliable overcurrent protection function.

[0063] During the insertion of the male end, the upper gap L1 defined by the upper raised contact points of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine is larger than the lower gap L2 defined by the lower raised contact points ( Fig.15 ). When the male end of the hand piece is inserted, the lower gap L2 first contacts the male end and opens the angle, and then contacts the upper gap L1. The lower gap L2 is slightly smaller than the upper gap L1, which can provide a stable 4-point contact to avoid loose clamping and distortion or deformation of the contact point. The lower gap L2 is small, providing a stable clamping force to ensure a good contact pressure between the male end and the fork teeth, thereby achieving a reliable electrical connection. The absolute value of the difference between L2 and L1 is between 0.03mm and 0.08mm. The angle between the upper and lower inclined wall sections of the fork teeth is between 150° and 160°. This angle design plays an important role in the insertion process of the male end, guiding the insertion direction of the male end, reducing resistance and deviation, increasing the contact area, reducing contact resistance, dispersing current, enhancing structural stability and elastic deformation capacity, and ensuring contact reliability.

[0064] When assembling the fuse of the present invention, first place the fuse element in the accommodation space formed by the combination of the first shell 210 and the second shell 220. Align the fusible unit 1 of the fuse element with the central support column 2022 of the first shell 210 and the central support member 2222 of the second shell 220, so that the fusible unit 1 can be stably supported in the vertical direction to ensure that it is in a suitable working position. At the same time, place the terminal unit 310 in a suitable position so that its outer side contacts the side support column 2021 of the first shell 210 and the side support member 2221 of the second shell 220 to ensure that the terminal unit 310 does not shake in the horizontal direction.

[0065] Then, the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are assembled. The card slot 204 of the first housing 210 is aligned with the card member 2202 of the second housing 220, and the card member 2202 is embedded in the card slot 204 by applying appropriate pressure to complete the snap-on connection. In this process, it is necessary to ensure that the positioning beam 203 is accurately embedded in the positioning groove 2211 of the second housing 220, and the partition 211 is inserted into the central groove 2203, so as to achieve accurate positioning of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 in the vertical and horizontal directions. This precise positioning ensures that the fuse element is in a stable position in the housing, avoiding position deviation caused by improper housing connection.

[0066] Next, the tine of the terminal unit 310 is passed through the first notch 205 and the second notch 2201. Since the first notch 205 and the second notch 2201 precisely match the shape and size of the tine, the tine passing through process will be very smooth, and the position after passing through will be accurately limited and guided, preparing for the subsequent connection with the external male terminal.

[0067] Under normal working conditions, current flows in from the fork teeth of the terminal unit 310 and is conducted to the bridge section 11 through the conductive arm. When the current in the circuit is within the normal range, the current will continue to pass through the fuse and will not affect the fuse element. However, when the circuit is overloaded or short-circuited, the current will increase sharply, and the easily fusible parts of the bridge section 11 will rapidly heat up due to the heat generated by the current, and begin to melt after reaching their melting point. Since the easily fusible parts are arranged in the spherical diffusion part, the special structure of the spherical diffusion part will promote the concentration and diffusion of heat, and accelerate the fusing process of the bridge section 11. When the bridge section 11 is blown, the circuit is cut off, thereby protecting the circuit and related electrical equipment from damage caused by excessive current.

[0068] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as such non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-stability fuse, comprising a housing (200) and a fuse element (100), characterized in that: The housing (200) comprises a first housing (210) and a second housing (220), the first housing (210) and the second housing (220) cooperate to form a closed space for accommodating the fuse element (100), and the first housing (210) and the second housing (220) are detachably connected via a snap-on assembly; The fuse element (100) comprises a plurality of terminal units and fusible units (1), each of the terminal units having a main fork and a secondary fork, and a gap arranged between the main fork and the secondary fork, the gap being used to insert a male end of a counterpart, the inner side wall of the fork having at least upper and lower raised contact points, and the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the main fork correspond to the positions of the upper and lower raised contact points of the secondary fork, respectively, and each of the raised contact points is used to form an electrical contact with the male end inserted into the fork gap; The fusible unit (1) is arranged between the plurality of terminal units, and when an overcurrent state occurs, the fusible unit (1) is disconnected, causing the interruption of the current flow between the plurality of terminal units.

2. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuse element (100) comprises a first terminal unit (4) and a second terminal unit (5), and the two have the same structure; The first terminal unit (4) comprises a first main fork tine (42) and a first secondary fork tine (43), which have the same structure and are symmetrically distributed.

3. The high stability fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: An isolation component is centrally arranged in the first housing (210) or the second housing (220), and is used to separate the lower part of the housing (200) into a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are respectively used to accommodate the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5), thereby achieving electrical isolation between the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5).

4. The high stability fuse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolation assembly comprises: A partition (211) is arranged in the first shell (210), the second shell (220) is provided with a central groove (2203), and the partition (211) cooperates with the central groove (2203) to achieve positioning and clamping of the first shell (210) and the second shell (220), and to maintain electrical isolation between the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5).

5. The high stability fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The isolation assembly also includes: A central positioning end (212) located at the upper half of the housing (200) and used to simultaneously contact the ends of the first terminal unit (4) and the second terminal unit (5) on the same side to achieve positioning of the terminal units; And / or, the central positioning end (212) and the partition (211) are integrally formed; And / or, the central positioning end (212) comprises at least one protruding structure, the height of the protruding structure exceeds the thickness of the terminal unit.

6. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fusible unit (1) comprises: a plurality of conductive arms, each conductive arm being configured to be connected to a terminal unit; A plurality of bridge sections (11), both sides of each bridge section (11) are respectively connected to a conductive arm, and in an overcurrent state, the bridge section (11) is fused to interrupt the current flow between the terminal units on both sides.

7. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises: A card slot (204), the card slot (204) being arranged on the inner side wall of the first shell (210) and distributed along a first direction; A clamping member (2202), the clamping member (2202) being arranged on the outer side wall of the second shell (220), and each of the clamping members (2202) is correspondingly clamped with a clamping slot (204), thereby completing the connection between the first shell (210) and the second shell (220); And / or, the card slots (204) are at least a pair, symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first shell (210); And / or, the extension length of the clamping member (2202) in the first direction does not exceed that of the clamping slot (204).

8. The high stability fuse according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping assembly further comprises: A positioning beam (203), the positioning beam (203) being arranged on an inner side wall of an end portion of the first shell (210) and distributed along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction; A positioning groove (2211), wherein the positioning groove (2211) is provided on the second shell (220), and each positioning beam (203) cooperates with one positioning groove (2211) to achieve connection between the first shell (210) and the second shell (220); And / or, the number of the positioning beam (203) includes but is not limited to one.

9. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A fork tine guide assembly, comprising mounting notches (230) provided on a housing (200), each of the mounting notches corresponding to a fork tine gap of a terminal unit in terms of spatial position; The installation notch (230) limits and guides the position of the fork tine of the terminal unit passing through the housing (200), ensuring that the fork tine is connected to the external male end after passing through the housing (200).

10. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: An internal support assembly, comprising a positioning block (213) provided on the first housing (210), the positioning block (213) being used to contact and limit a side end portion of the terminal unit; And / or, the positioning blocks (213) are a pair, symmetrically arranged on two side walls inside the first shell (210).

11. The high stability fuse according to claim 10, characterized in that: The internal support assembly also includes: The support block (215) and the inner limit edge (216) are arranged in the lower half of the first shell (210), and are used to contact and support the fork tines, so as to form a certain gap space between the fork tines and the inner side wall of the first shell (210); The internal fixing member (214) is arranged in the upper half of the first shell (210) and is used for contacting and supporting the fusible unit (1), so as to form a certain gap space between the fusible unit (1) and the inner side wall of the first shell (210).

12. The high stability fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper gap defined by the upper protruding contact points of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine is L1, and the lower gap defined by the lower protruding contact points of the main fork tine and the auxiliary fork tine is L2, wherein the lower gap L2 is less than the upper gap L1.

13. The high stability fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The housing (200) has a generally rectangular or box-shaped outline, which is used to completely enclose the fuse element (100).

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