Self-powered system driven by wind energy

Abstract

The invention provides a self-powered system driven by wind energy, and belongs to the technical field of new energy, and the system comprises an energy capturing structure module which is used for capturing wind energy in an environment and converting the wind energy into electric energy; the interface circuit module is used for converting the converted electric energy into electric energy with preset voltage; the non-return circuit module is used for preventing the electric energy in the electric energy storage module from flowing back to the interface circuit module; and the electric energy storage module is used for supplying power to the sensor by an energy storage element under the condition that the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy required by the normal work of the sensor, and supplying power to the sensor and charging the energy storage element by the electric energy with preset voltage in the interface circuit module under the condition that the converted electric energy is higher than the electric energy required by the normal work of the sensor. The electromagnetic wind power generation structure and the wind-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesting structure are combined, wind energy in the environment can be better absorbed and converted into electric energy through the energy harvesting structure module, and the wind energy in the environment is utilized to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and in particular relates to a self-powered system driven by wind energy. Background Art

[0002] At present, due to the abundant wind and solar energy resources, large-scale photovoltaic power generation projects are developing rapidly. However, in long-term operation, solar panels or photovoltaic modules are easily affected by harsh environments such as ultraviolet rays, high temperature, wind and sand, ice and snow, which may cause the performance of photovoltaic panels to decline or be damaged. Therefore, continuous monitoring of solar panels and their environmental status is very important.

[0003] There are many problems in the existing photovoltaic panel monitoring technology: (1) The monitoring component is usually driven by an external motor, rather than a self-powered structure. For example, patent application CN202420642023.1 discloses a photovoltaic panel monitoring structure that can automatically cut off the power. Although a monitoring component for monitoring the photovoltaic panel component is installed on a photovoltaic panel mounting frame, an external motor is required to drive the monitoring component, and the monitoring component cannot be self-powered, which will cost a certain amount of motor power. (2) The existing wind energy interface circuit design does not specifically point out the need for a DC-DC circuit controlled by a selective switching circuit to perform conversion. For example, patent application CN201620575799.1 discloses a new type of LED wind and light street lamp with an external charging interface. It discloses that a wind turbine and a photovoltaic panel are used as energy capture structures, and the rear end is respectively connected to a wind energy interface circuit and a light energy interface circuit for power conversion, and the power is transmitted to the control circuit for use by the rear end battery and LED lamp. The application does not provide a clear schematic diagram and description of the wind energy interface circuit. It can be seen that the wind energy interface circuit does not clearly point out the conversion characteristics of the DC-DC circuit controlled by the autonomous selective switching circuit. And when facing different wind speeds in the environment, the application does not specifically explain whether the wind energy interface circuit can cope with the situation where the wind turbine outputs electricity at different wind speeds, whether it is necessary to boost the voltage at low wind speeds or reduce the voltage at high wind speeds. (3) The existing wind-induced vibration energy capture structure requires an external stable vibration environment. For example: Patent application CN201910407873.7 cantilever piezoelectric electrostatic composite micro energy capture device. The energy capture device is fixed to an external vibration environment, and the leftmost end of the cantilever substrate is fixed to the outside world through a connector. The cantilever substrate, piezoelectric sheet, and mass block constitute a piezoelectric energy capture module. When the external environment vibrates, the up and down displacement of the mass block changes, thereby driving the cantilever substrate to bend, causing the piezoelectric sheet to produce a piezoelectric effect, thereby generating electricity. It can be seen that the application requires an external stable vibration environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a wind-driven self-powered system, which aims to provide stable power for photovoltaic monitoring sensors.

[0005] A wind energy driven self-powered system, comprising: an energy capture structure module, an interface circuit module, a non-return circuit module and an electric energy storage module;

[0006] The output end of the energy capture structure module is connected to the input end of the interface circuit module, the output end of the interface circuit module is connected to the input end of the non-return circuit module, and the output end of the non-return circuit module is connected to the input end of the electric energy storage module;

[0007] The energy capture structural module is used to capture wind energy in the environment and convert the wind energy into electrical energy;

[0008] The interface circuit module is used to convert the converted electric energy into electric energy of a preset voltage;

[0009] The non-return circuit module is used to prevent the electric energy contained in the energy storage element in the electric energy storage module from flowing back to the interface circuit module when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy contained in the energy storage element in the electric energy storage module;

[0010] The electric energy storage module includes an energy storage element and a sensor, and is used to power the sensor by the energy storage element when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor. When the converted electric energy is higher than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor, the sensor is powered by electric energy with a preset voltage in the interface circuit module and the energy storage element is charged.

[0011] The energy capture structure module includes: an electromagnetic wind power generation structure and a piezoelectric energy capture structure;

[0012] The electromagnetic wind power generation structure includes a DC generator, a tower and blades, which are used to drive the DC generator connected to the blades to convert wind energy into electrical energy when the wind energy drives the blades. The tower plays a supporting and fixing role during operation.

[0013] The piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure is used as a control signal for a selective switch circuit in an interface circuit module.

[0014] The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure comprises: a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever beam, a magnet and a bluff body. The piezoelectric sheet is fixed to the first end of the cantilever beam, the bluff body is fixed to the second end of the cantilever beam, and the magnet is arranged on the cantilever beam near the second end of the bluff body.

[0015] The magnets include a first pair of magnets and a second pair of magnets, and the first pair of magnets and the second pair of magnets are symmetrically placed relative to the cantilever beam.

[0016] The interface circuit module includes: a rectifier and filter circuit, a boost DC-DC circuit, a buck DC-DC circuit and a selective switch circuit;

[0017] The input end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric energy capture structure, the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the control end of the selective switch circuit, the output end of the selective switch circuit is connected to the input end of the check circuit module, the input end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the input end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the output end of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure, and the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the output end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the input end of the selective switch circuit;

[0018] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert the alternating current output by the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure into direct current, and use the direct current as a control signal for the selective switch circuit;

[0019] The boost DC-DC circuit is used to boost the voltage to a preset voltage value;

[0020] The step-down DC-DC circuit is used to reduce the voltage to a preset voltage value;

[0021] The selective switch circuit is used to control the conduction or cutoff of the boost DC-DC circuit channel and the buck DC-DC circuit channel according to the received voltage.

[0022] The selective switching circuit drives the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is higher than or equal to the first voltage threshold; drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than the first voltage threshold and higher than the second voltage threshold; drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than or equal to the second voltage threshold and higher than the third voltage threshold; and drives the step-up DC-DC circuit and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than or equal to the third voltage threshold.

[0023] The selective switch circuit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R 10 11th resistor R 11 , the twelfth resistor R 12 , a first MOS tube Q1, a second MOS tube Q2, a third MOS tube Q3, a fourth MOS tube Q4, a fifth MOS tube Q5, a sixth MOS tube Q6, a seventh diode D7 and an eighth diode D8;

[0024] The output end of the step-down DC-DC circuit is connected to the anode of the seventh diode D7, the cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the source of the sixth MOS tube Q6, the drain of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is respectively connected to the drain of the fifth MOS tube Q5 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the source of the fifth MOS tube Q5 is respectively connected to the eleventh resistor R 11 The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the tenth resistor R 10 The first end of the twelfth resistor R 12 The first end of the tenth resistor R 10 The second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, and the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the eleventh resistor R9. 11 The second end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the gate of the second MOS tube Q2, the source of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the ground end, and the drain of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the twelfth resistor R 12 The second end of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the source of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8, and the anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit.

[0025] The first MOS transistor Q1, the third MOS transistor Q3, and the fifth MOS transistor Q5 are MOS transistors of the same type, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the sixth MOS transistor Q6 are MOS transistors of the same type, and the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the tenth resistor R 10 The third MOS tube Q3 forms a voltage divider circuit, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, and the first MOS tube Q1 form a NOT gate circuit, the VCC terminal is the output of the rectifier filter circuit, and serves as the control signal of the selective switch circuit. out1 is the output value of the boost DC-DC circuit, V out2 is the output value of the step-down DC-DC circuit.

[0026] The non-return circuit module includes: a seventh MOS tube Q7, a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a first current limiting resistor R 14 And the second current limiting resistor R 15 ;

[0027] The drain of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the second triode Q9 and the first end of the input end of the non-return circuit module, the source of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the first triode Q8 and the first end of the output end of the non-return circuit module, and the gate of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the collector of the first triode Q8 and the second current limiting resistor R 15 The collector of the second transistor Q9 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9 and the first current limiting resistor R 14 The first end of the first current limiting resistor R 14 The second end of the second current limiting resistor R 15 The second end of is respectively connected to the second end of the output end of the non-return circuit module and the ground end, and the base of the first transistor Q8 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention proposes a self-powered system driven by wind energy, which combines an electromagnetic wind power generation structure with a piezoelectric energy capture structure of wind-induced vibration, and introduces the effect of nonlinear magnetic force on the piezoelectric energy capture structure. The piezoelectric output has the characteristics of high voltage and low current, and is innovatively used for the control signal of the selective switching circuit designed by the present invention. This combination can better absorb the wind energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy through the energy capture structure module, thereby maximizing the use of wind energy in the environment. The present invention can also stabilize the electrical energy output by the electromagnetic wind power generation structure to a preset voltage value by selecting a boost DC-DC circuit and a buck DC-DC circuit, and supply power to the sensor and charge the energy storage element. The present invention can automatically select different DC-DC circuits for voltage stabilization according to the electrical energy output by the energy capture structure module through a selective switching circuit designed completely by independent innovation, which can effectively avoid the waste of electrical energy output by the energy capture structure. The present invention also uses a check circuit between the interface circuit module and the electrical energy storage module to prevent the electrical energy in the energy storage element from flowing back to the interface circuit and causing energy waste when the electrical energy output by the energy capture structure cannot charge the energy storage element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A principle block diagram of a wind-driven self-powered system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy harvesting structure module of the embodiment of the present application; wherein (a) is an electromagnetic wind power generation structure, and (b) is a piezoelectric energy harvesting structure;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a rectifier and filter circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a step-down DC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a boost DC-DC circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a selective switch circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 A multisim simulation diagram of a circuit of a wind-powered self-powered system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a simulation result diagram of the step-down DC-DC when it is turned on according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a simulation result diagram of the boost DC-DC when it is turned on according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a check circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The specific implementation of the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0041] In order to address the problem in the prior art that the monitoring components are usually driven by external motors rather than being self-powered, the self-powered system of the present application can make full use of the wind energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy to the maximum extent, so that the monitoring process can be completely self-powered without the need for external motors to drive it, thereby reducing power consumption and improving energy utilization in the environment.

[0042] In view of the problem that the wind energy interface circuit design in the prior art does not specifically point out the need for a DC-DC circuit controlled by a selective switching circuit to perform conversion, the energy capture structure module of the system of the present application is designed with a unique selective switching circuit that can identify the output electric energy of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure and automatically select either a boost DC-DC circuit for processing or a buck DC-DC circuit for processing, thereby avoiding the drawbacks of circuits that only perform step-down processing, and can collect and convert electric energy at low wind speeds, greatly improving the utilization efficiency of electric energy.

[0043] In view of the problem that a wind-induced vibration energy-harvesting structure requires an external stable vibration environment, the piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure of the system of the present application is designed with the influence of blunt body and nonlinear magnetic force, and only needs to absorb the wind energy in the environment to cause the piezoelectric sheet on the cantilever beam to produce a piezoelectric effect. Therefore, the piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure in the present application has strong flexibility.

[0044] The present application proposes a wind-driven self-powered system. Firstly, the structural design is a wind energy capture structure, which not only uses an electromagnetic wind power generation structure, but also a piezoelectric energy capture structure with wind-induced vibration, which together serve as a wind energy capture structural module to maximize the absorption of wind energy in the environment, improve the utilization rate of wind energy in the environment, and avoid the waste of wind energy resources in the environment.

[0045] Secondly, in terms of circuit design, the present application requires an input voltage greater than 5.5V in most cases of the current DC-DC circuits that output 5V, that is, a step-down DC-DC circuit. When the energy capture structure outputs electrical energy lower than 5.5V, the step-down DC-DC circuit cannot be started, so the low-voltage electrical energy captured by the energy capture structure cannot be used, resulting in a waste of electrical energy. In response to the problem of electrical energy conversion in this case, the present application uses the output of the piezoelectric energy capture structure as the control signal of the selective switching circuit, independently designs a selective switching circuit, and further constructs a DC-DC interface circuit with selectivity. According to the different electrical energy output by the energy capture structure, the step-down DC-DC circuit or the step-up DC-DC circuit can be automatically selected to perform step-down or step-up processing, and finally the output voltage of the interface circuit is stabilized at 5V, effectively avoiding the waste of electrical energy when the output of the energy capture structure is lower than 5.5V.

[0046] Example:

[0047] This embodiment proposes a wind-powered self-powered system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: an energy capture structure module, an interface circuit module, a non-return circuit module and an electric energy storage module;

[0048] The output end of the energy capture structure module is connected to the input end of the interface circuit module, the output end of the interface circuit module is connected to the input end of the non-return circuit module, and the output end of the non-return circuit module is connected to the input end of the electric energy storage module;

[0049] The energy capture structural module is used to capture wind energy in the environment and convert the wind energy into electrical energy;

[0050] The interface circuit module is used to convert the converted electric energy into electric energy of a preset voltage;

[0051] The non-return circuit module is used to prevent the electric energy in the electric energy storage module from flowing back to the interface circuit module when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy contained in the energy storage element in the electric energy storage module;

[0052] The electric energy storage module includes an energy storage element and a sensor, and is used to power the sensor by the energy storage element when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor. When the converted electric energy is higher than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor, the sensor is powered by electric energy with a preset voltage in the interface circuit module and the energy storage element is charged.

[0053] In this embodiment, a wind-powered self-powered system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system is generally composed of an energy capture structure module, an interface circuit module, a check circuit module and an energy storage module. The energy capture structure module is mainly used to capture wind energy in the environment and convert it into electrical energy; the interface circuit module is mainly used to convert the collected electrical energy into a stable 5V (i.e., a preset voltage value) electrical energy that can be directly used; the check circuit module is mainly used to prevent the electrical energy of the energy storage element in the energy storage module from flowing back to the interface circuit direction when the output electrical energy of the energy capture structure module is low. It is necessary to design a check circuit module to prevent backflow; the energy storage element in the energy storage module temporarily stores the excess electrical energy output by the energy capture structure on the basis of satisfying the operation of the sensor. When the output electrical energy of the energy capture structure cannot meet the power supply of the sensor, the energy storage element in the energy storage module supplies power to the sensor to ensure the stable operation of the sensor. Therefore, the output end of the energy capture structure module is connected to the input end of the interface circuit module, the output end of the interface circuit module is connected to the input end of the check circuit module, the output end of the check circuit module is connected to both the sensor and the energy storage element in the energy storage module, and the energy storage element is also connected to the sensor. When the energy-capturing structure module is designed in this way and the output power is large, it can not only meet the power supply of the sensor, but also charge the energy storage element; when the energy-capturing structure module outputs a small amount of power, the energy storage element can power the sensor in time.

[0054] The following is a detailed description of each module and the specific implementation method:

[0055] (1) Energy-harvesting structure module

[0056] The energy capture structure module includes: an electromagnetic wind power generation structure and a piezoelectric energy capture structure;

[0057] The electromagnetic wind power generation structure includes a DC generator, a tower and blades, which are used to drive the DC generator connected to the blades to convert wind energy into electrical energy when the wind energy drives the blades. The tower plays a supporting and fixing role during operation.

[0058] The piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure is used as a control signal for a selective switch circuit in an interface circuit module.

[0059] The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure comprises: a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever beam, a magnet and a bluff body. The piezoelectric sheet is fixed to the first end of the cantilever beam, the bluff body is fixed to the second end of the cantilever beam, and the magnet is arranged on the cantilever beam near the second end of the bluff body.

[0060] The magnets include a first pair of magnets and a second pair of magnets, and the first pair of magnets and the second pair of magnets are symmetrically placed relative to the cantilever beam.

[0061] In this embodiment, the energy capture structure module is divided into two parts, such as Figure 2 As shown. One part is the electromagnetic wind power generation structure, such as Figure 2 (a) shows that the other part is a piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure for wind-induced vibration, such as Figure 2As shown in (b), this embodiment integrates the electromagnetic wind power generation structure and the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure of wind-induced vibration for the first time, and makes it an energy harvester that simultaneously captures wind energy in the environment. For the first time, the output of the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure is innovatively used as a control signal for the selective switching circuit, thereby improving the utilization rate of the output electric energy of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure. Among them, the electromagnetic wind power generation structure is a device that uses wind energy to generate electricity. Its basic operating mechanism is that wind energy drives the blades to rotate, which in turn drives the generator to rotate, and finally converts wind energy into electrical energy. The device is mainly composed of a DC generator, a wind wheel (composed of multiple blades, designed to efficiently capture wind energy) and a tower supporting the entire system. The core function of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure is to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. This conversion process depends on the rotation of the wind wheel shaft to drive the internal mechanism of the generator. The tower ensures that the electromagnetic wind power generation structure can maintain stable operation at a specified position. The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure is a structure that uses the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials to output alternating current. The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure includes a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric sheet, a magnet and a blunt body. This structure innovatively converts wind energy into electrical energy. The principle is that the dynamic reaction of the bluff body caused by wind vibration causes the cantilever beam to bend through mechanical interaction. As the core component for converting energy, the piezoelectric sheet activates its own piezoelectric effect when the cantilever beam bends, thereby realizing the direct conversion of wind energy into electrical energy. In order to make the piezoelectric signal more stable, the present invention also introduces magnets as an auxiliary mechanism in the design of the piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure, and places two pairs of magnets on the cantilever beam in a symmetrical arrangement, so that it brings nonlinear restoring force, thereby improving power output. It can be understood that magnetic force is a nonlinear force, and the magnitude of the force is nonlinearly related to the distance between the magnets. When the first pair of magnets approach each other, the distance between the two magnets decreases, and the magnetic force of mutual repulsion between the two magnets increases, which will cause the cantilever beam and the magnets on the cantilever beam to move in the direction of increasing the distance between the magnets, which is also called recovery. The second pair of magnets is the same as the first pair of magnets. The output electrical energy of the piezoelectric material is alternating current, which needs to be converted into direct current using a rectifier and filter circuit. Since its output has the characteristics of high voltage and small current, it is innovatively considered as a control signal of a selective switching circuit for the first time. It is experimentally measured that when the output voltage of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure is 5.5V, the DC voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure after rectification and filtering is 4.5V (in this embodiment, the first voltage threshold is 4.5V, the second voltage threshold is 3.6V, and the third voltage threshold is 0.8V). Figure 7In the circuit designed in the embodiment shown, the electromagnetic wind power generation structure output 5.5V and the piezoelectric energy capture structure output 4.5V are used as the dividing point, the VIN port is connected to the output of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure, and the VCC port is connected to the output DC power after rectification and filtering of the piezoelectric energy capture structure. When the voltage after the wind energy conversion is higher than the above voltage, it will drive the step-down DC-DC circuit in the interface circuit module to turn on, stabilize the voltage to 5V to power the sensor, and power the energy storage element when there is surplus electricity. When the voltage after the wind energy conversion is lower than the above voltage, it will drive the step-up DC-DC circuit in the interface circuit module to turn on, stabilize the voltage to 5V to power the sensor, and power the energy storage element when there is surplus electricity.

[0062] (2) Interface circuit module

[0063] The interface circuit module includes: a rectifier and filter circuit, a boost DC-DC circuit, a buck DC-DC circuit and a selective switch circuit;

[0064] The input end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric energy capture structure, the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the control end of the selective switch circuit, the output end of the selective switch circuit is connected to the input end of the check circuit module, the input end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the input end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the output end of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure, and the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the output end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the input end of the selective switch circuit;

[0065] The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert the alternating current output by the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure into direct current, and use the direct current as a control signal for the selective switch circuit;

[0066] The boost DC-DC circuit is used to boost the voltage to a preset voltage value;

[0067] The step-down DC-DC circuit is used to reduce the voltage to a preset voltage value;

[0068] The selective switch circuit is used to control the conduction or cutoff of the boost DC-DC circuit channel and the buck DC-DC circuit channel according to the received voltage.

[0069] In this embodiment, the interface circuit module is composed of a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC circuit and a selective switch circuit.

[0070] The rectifier filter circuit uses four diodes D1-D4 to form a full-bridge rectifier, and the filter capacitor C r Filter and output ripple-free DC power, such as Figure 3The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure outputs alternating current, which has the characteristics of high voltage and small current. The rectifier and filter part converts the alternating current into direct current, which is innovatively used as the control signal of the selective switching circuit.

[0071] The DC-DC circuit is divided into a boost DC-DC circuit and a buck DC-DC circuit. The input condition of the buck DC-DC circuit is higher than 5.5V and the output voltage is 5V. The buck DC-DC selected in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 4 As shown; the input condition of the boost DC-DC circuit is less than 5.5V, and the output voltage is 5V. The boost DC-DC selected in this embodiment is as follows Figure 5 As shown. The step-down DC-DC circuit is composed of capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4, inductor L1, Schottky diode D5 and chip. Among them, C1 and C2 are filter capacitors, which are used to reduce ripples and play a filtering role; diode D5 is an output freewheeling diode; inductor L1 is an output inductor, which provides a stable current to the output load; capacitors C3 and C4 are filter capacitors, which are used to reduce ripples. The step-up DC-DC circuit is composed of capacitors C5, C6, C7 and C8, resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, inductor L2, diode D6 and chip. Among them, C5 and C7 are filter capacitors, which are used to reduce ripples and play a filtering role; inductor L2 is used for energy storage and smoothing current and voltage conversion, and works with the switch tube to realize the conversion from input voltage to output voltage; resistors R1 and R2 are used for current limiting and voltage division, and together with C8, they become part of the feedback circuit; the role of resistor R3 is to adjust the switching frequency of the converter.

[0072] The selective switching circuit drives the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is higher than or equal to the first voltage threshold; drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than the first voltage threshold and higher than the second voltage threshold; drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than or equal to the second voltage threshold and higher than the third voltage threshold; and drives the step-up DC-DC circuit and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switching circuit is lower than or equal to the third voltage threshold.

[0073] The selective switch circuit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R 10 11th resistor R 11 , the twelfth resistor R 12, a first MOS tube Q1, a second MOS tube Q2, a third MOS tube Q3, a fourth MOS tube Q4, a fifth MOS tube Q5, a sixth MOS tube Q6, a seventh diode D7 and an eighth diode D8;

[0074] The output end of the step-down DC-DC circuit is connected to the anode of the seventh diode D7, the cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the source of the sixth MOS tube Q6, the drain of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is respectively connected to the drain of the fifth MOS tube Q5 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the source of the fifth MOS tube Q5 is respectively connected to the eleventh resistor R 11 The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the tenth resistor R 10 The first end of the twelfth resistor R 12 The first end of the tenth resistor R 10 The second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, and the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the eleventh resistor R9. 11 The second end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the gate of the second MOS tube Q2, the source of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the ground end, and the drain of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the twelfth resistor R 12 The second end of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the source of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8, and the anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit.

[0075] The first MOS transistor Q1, the third MOS transistor Q3, and the fifth MOS transistor Q5 are MOS transistors of the same type, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the sixth MOS transistor Q6 are MOS transistors of the same type, and the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the tenth resistor R 10 The third MOS tube Q3 forms a voltage divider circuit, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, and the first MOS tube Q1 form a NOT gate circuit, the VCC terminal is the output of the rectifier filter circuit, and serves as the control signal of the selective switch circuit. out1 is the output value of the boost DC-DC circuit, V out2 is the output value of the step-down DC-DC circuit.

[0076] In this embodiment, the selective switch circuit part is completely innovatively designed by the present invention, such as Figure 6 The advantage of this design is that it can not only make the interface circuit absorb power above 5.5V, but also absorb power below 5.5V through the interface circuit and convert it into a stable 5V, which can significantly improve the power utilization rate and avoid the loss of low-voltage power output by the energy capture structure. 5- The twelfth resistor R 12 The first MOS tube Q1, the third MOS tube Q3 and the fifth MOS tube Q5 are the same type of MOS tube V GS Reaching 3.6V, the fourth MOS tube Q4 and the sixth MOS tube Q6 are the same type of MOS tube V GS The second MOS tube Q2 is turned on when the V GS The sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the tenth resistor R 10 The eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9 and the first MOS tube Q1 form a voltage divider circuit. When the input voltage of the NOT gate reaches 3.6V, the output is low level. When the input voltage of the NOT gate is lower than 3.6V, the output voltage is equal to the input voltage. Figure 7 In the overall circuit diagram shown, R Q1 , R Q2 , R Q3 , R Q4 , R Q5 , R Q6 are the equivalent resistances of the six MOS tubes respectively, VCC is the output voltage of the piezoelectric film after rectification and filtering, and is used as the control signal. out1 and V out2 They are the output values ​​of the boost DC-DC module and the buck DC-DC module respectively.

[0077] The first MOS tube Q1 and the eleventh resistor R 11 The parallel resistance value is R a :

[0078]

[0079] R a The series resistance of the eighth resistor R8 is R b :

[0080] R b =R a +R8 (2)

[0081] R b And the seventh resistor R7 series R Q3 The parallel resistance value is Rc :

[0082]

[0083] The gate-source voltage V of the first MOS transistor Q1 GS1 for:

[0084] V GS1 =V GS5 (4)

[0085] The gate-source voltage V GS5 for:

[0086]

[0087] The gate-source voltage V of the third MOS tube Q3 GS3 for:

[0088] V GS3 =VCC (6)

[0089] The gate-source voltage V of the second MOS tube Q2 GS2 for:

[0090]

[0091] The gate-source voltage V GS4 for:

[0092]

[0093] The gate-source voltage V GS6 for:

[0094]

[0095] The working principle of the selective switch circuit designed in this embodiment is as follows:

[0096] When the VCC input is greater than or equal to 4.5V (taking 4.5V as an example), the third MOS tube Q3 is turned on, and the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 divide the voltage, so that the voltage of the seventh resistor R7 is 3.6V. At this time, the fifth MOS tube Q5 is turned on and the NOT gate outputs a low level. Since the fifth MOS tube Q5 is turned on, the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is directly grounded, and the source of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is 5V. The sixth MOS tube Q6 is turned on, so the step-down DC-DC circuit is turned on; since the NOT gate outputs a low level to the gate of the second MOS tube Q2, the source of the second MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the second MOS tube Q2 is not turned on, resulting in the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4 directly connected to the VCC input, and the fourth MOS tube Q4 is not turned on, so the step-up DC-DC circuit is turned off. Therefore, when the VCC input is greater than or equal to 4.5V, the step-down DC-DC circuit is turned on, and the step-up DC-DC circuit is turned off.

[0097] When VCC is greater than 3.6V and less than 4.5V (taking 4.4V as an example), the third MOS tube Q3 is turned on, and at this time, the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 divide the voltage, so that the voltage of the seventh resistor R7 is 3.53V. At this time, the fifth MOS tube Q5 is not turned on and the NOT gate outputs a high level of 3.53V, which serves as the gate of the second MOS tube Q2. The source of the second MOS tube Q2 is grounded, and the second MOS tube Q2 is turned on, resulting in the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4 being grounded, and the source of the fourth MOS tube Q4 being 5V. The fourth MOS tube Q4 is turned on, so the boost DC-DC circuit is turned on. Since the fifth MOS tube Q5 is not turned on, VCC is directly connected to the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6, which cannot meet the voltage value for the sixth MOS tube Q6 to turn on. The sixth MOS tube Q6 is not turned on, so the buck DC-DC circuit is turned off. Therefore, when VCC is greater than 3.6 and less than 4.5V, the boost DC-DC circuit is turned on and the buck DC-DC circuit is turned off.

[0098] When VCC is greater than 0.8V and less than 3.6V, the gate voltage of the third MOS tube Q3 is less than 3.6V, the source of the third MOS tube Q3 is grounded, and the conduction condition of the third MOS tube Q3 is not met, and the third MOS tube Q3 is turned off. At this time, the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 do not divide the voltage, and the voltage passes through the sixth resistor R6 as the input voltage of the NOT gate circuit and the gate voltage of the fifth MOS tube Q5. The source of the fifth MOS tube Q5 is grounded, so the fifth MOS tube Q5 is turned off. VCC is directly connected to the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6, which cannot meet the conduction voltage value of the sixth MOS tube Q6, and the sixth MOS tube Q6 is turned off. The output voltage of the NOT gate circuit is equal to the input voltage, and this voltage is used as the gate voltage of the second MOS tube Q2. The source of the second MOS tube Q2 is grounded, so the second MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is grounded, and the source of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is the DC-DC output 5V, which meets the conduction voltage value of the fourth MOS tube Q4, and the fourth MOS tube Q4 is turned on. Therefore, at this time, the boost DC-DC circuit is turned on and the buck DC-DC voltage is cut off.

[0099] When VCC is less than 0.8V, the gate voltage of the third MOS tube Q3 is less than 0.8V. GS The conduction voltage condition is not met, and the third MOS tube Q3 is turned off. At this time, the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 do not divide the voltage, so the gate voltage of the first MOS tube Q1 and the fifth MOS tube Q5 is also less than 0.8V and does not meet the conduction voltage. The first MOS tube Q1 and the fifth MOS tube Q5 are turned off. At this time, the VCC voltage passes through the sixth resistor R6 and the eighth resistor R8 to the gate of the second MOS tube Q2, causing the gate voltage of the second MOS tube Q2 to be less than 0.8V, and the V GS The conduction voltage is not satisfied, and the second MOS tube Q2 is turned off. 12 The gates of the sixth MOS tube Q6 and the fourth MOS tube Q4 are directly connected, and the conduction voltage V GS When VCC is less than 0.8V, the step-up DC-DC circuit and the step-down DC-DC circuit are both turned off.

[0100] To sum up: the output voltage of the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure is connected to VCC, and the simulation schematic diagram is as follows Figure 7 When VCC is greater than or equal to 4.5V, the step-down DC-DC is turned on and the step-up DC-DC is turned off. Taking VCC as 4.5V as an example, the simulation results are shown in Figure 8As shown, the oscilloscope connected to the probe test current of channel A and channel B shows that 1V is equal to 1mA. Channel A is a step-down DC-DC with an output current of approximately 52mA, channel B is a step-up DC-DC with an output current of approximately 0mA, and channel C is a step-down DC-DC with an output voltage of 4.74V. Due to simulation errors and the loss of the check circuit, this value can be approximately regarded as an output of 5V; when the piezoelectric input VCC is greater than 0.8V and less than 4.5V, the step-up DC-DC is turned on and the step-down DC-DC is turned off. Taking VCC as 4.4V as an example, the simulation results are as follows Fig. 9 As shown, channel A is a step-down DC-DC with an output current of about 0mA, channel B is a step-up DC-DC with an output current of about 21mA, and channel C is a step-up DC-DC with an output voltage of 4.77V. Due to the simulation error and the loss of the check circuit, this value can be approximately regarded as an output of 5V. It can be seen that the selective switch circuit designed by the present invention can automatically identify and select the step-up DC-DC circuit or the step-down DC-DC circuit for voltage stabilization according to the output power of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure. The advantage of this design is that it can not only absorb power greater than 5.5V, but also when the output power of the wind power generation structure is lower than 5.5V, this interface circuit can still convert and store power, which greatly reduces the energy loss caused by the inability to absorb low-voltage power before, and improves the utilization rate of power.

[0101] (3) Non-return circuit module

[0102] The non-return circuit module includes: a seventh MOS tube Q7, a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a first current limiting resistor R 14 And the second current limiting resistor R 15 ;

[0103] The drain of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the second triode Q9 and the first end of the input end of the non-return circuit module, the source of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the first triode Q8 and the first end of the output end of the non-return circuit module, and the gate of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the collector of the first triode Q8 and the second current limiting resistor R 15 The collector of the second transistor Q9 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9 and the first current limiting resistor R 14 The first end of the first current limiting resistor R 14 The second end of the second current limiting resistor R 15 The second end of is respectively connected to the second end of the output end of the non-return circuit module and the ground end, and the base of the first transistor Q8 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9.

[0104] In this embodiment, the non-return circuit module is composed of a seventh MOS transistor Q7, a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, and a first current limiting resistor R 14 and the second current limiting resistor R 15 Composition, such as Fig.10 As shown. The drain of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is connected to the emitter of the second triode Q9, and this port is used to connect the output end of the interface circuit module; the source of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is connected to the collector of the first triode Q8, and this port is used to connect the input end of the electric energy storage module; the first triode Q8 is connected to the base of the second triode Q9; the gate of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is connected to the collector of the first triode Q8; the base of the second triode Q9 is connected to its collector; the collectors of the first triode Q8 and the second triode Q9 are both connected to a first current limiting resistor R 14 and the second current limiting resistor R 15 ; The other end of the current limiting resistor is grounded to form a non-return circuit module. The input port of the non-return circuit is connected to the output 5V of the selective switch circuit, and the output port of the non-return circuit is connected to the electric energy storage module. The specific working principle is: when the non-return circuit inputs 5V, the emitter voltage of the second transistor Q9 of the transistor is 5V, the base of the second transistor Q9 is connected to the collector to the ground, the emitter and base voltage difference of the second transistor Q9 is 5V, the second transistor Q9 is turned on, due to the voltage drop of the transistor (about 0.6V, the same below), after the conduction, the base voltage of the first transistor Q8 and the second transistor Q9 is about 4.4V, the emitter voltage of the first transistor Q8 is the energy storage element voltage, the conduction condition of the first transistor Q8 is that the energy storage element voltage minus the voltage drop of the first transistor Q8 is greater than the base voltage of the first transistor Q8 4.4V, the maximum voltage of the energy storage element is 5V, it can be seen that the first transistor Q8 is not turned on. The collector of the first transistor Q8 and the gate of the seventh MOS transistor Q7 are both grounded. The source voltage of the seventh MOS transistor Q7 is the energy storage element voltage. The V GS The voltage of the negative energy storage element is about 5V, which satisfies the conduction condition of the seventh MOS tube Q7. The seventh MOS tube Q7 is turned on to achieve the function of freewheeling. When the output port of the non-return circuit is connected to the output 5V of the selective switch circuit, and the input port of the non-return circuit is connected to the energy storage module. The emitter of the first transistor Q8 is 5V, and the base of the first transistor Q8 is connected to the first current limiting resistor R 14Grounded, the voltage difference between the emitter and base of the first transistor Q8 is 5V, and the first transistor Q8 is turned on. Due to the voltage drop of the transistor, the base voltage of the first transistor Q8 and the second transistor Q9 is about 4.4V after conduction, and the emitter voltage of the second transistor Q9 is the energy storage element voltage. The conduction condition of the second transistor Q9 is that the energy storage element voltage minus the voltage drop of the second transistor Q9 is greater than the base voltage of the second transistor Q9 4.4V, and the maximum energy storage element voltage is 5V. Therefore, it can be seen that the second transistor Q9 is not turned on. The source voltage of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is 5V. Due to the conduction of the first transistor Q8, the gate voltage of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is also about 5V, and the V GS is approximately 0V, which does not meet the conduction condition of the seventh MOS transistor Q7, and the seventh MOS transistor Q7 is turned off. It can be seen that the circuit can prevent the current from flowing in the reverse direction.

[0105] (4)Electric energy storage module

[0106] In this embodiment, the electric energy storage module uses energy storage elements to store energy in order to ensure the continuous operation of the sensor. When the electric energy output by the electromagnetic wind power generation structure in the energy capture structure module passes through the DC-DC circuit part, the selective switch circuit part and the check circuit module, on the basis of meeting the power consumption of the sensor, the excess electric energy will be stored in the energy storage element; when the electric energy output by the electromagnetic wind power generation structure in the energy capture structure module passes through the DC-DC circuit part, the selective switch circuit part and the check circuit module, it cannot meet the power consumption of the sensor, the electric energy stored in the energy storage element will supply energy to the sensor to meet the long-term stable operation of the sensor.

[0107] The various embodiments in the present application are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0108] The protection scope of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. If these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalents, the intention of the present disclosure also includes these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A wind-powered self-powered system, characterized in that: include: Energy capture structure module, interface circuit module, non-return circuit module and electric energy storage module; The output end of the energy capture structure module is connected to the input end of the interface circuit module, the output end of the interface circuit module is connected to the input end of the non-return circuit module, and the output end of the non-return circuit module is connected to the input end of the electric energy storage module; The energy capture structural module is used to capture wind energy in the environment and convert the wind energy into electrical energy; The interface circuit module is used to convert the converted electric energy into electric energy of a preset voltage; The non-return circuit module is used to prevent the electric energy contained in the energy storage element in the electric energy storage module from flowing back to the interface circuit module when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy contained in the energy storage element in the electric energy storage module; The electric energy storage module includes an energy storage element and a sensor, and is used to power the sensor by the energy storage element when the converted electric energy is lower than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor. When the converted electric energy is higher than the electric energy required for the normal operation of the sensor, the sensor is powered by electric energy with a preset voltage in the interface circuit module and the energy storage element is charged.

2. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy capture structure module includes: an electromagnetic wind power generation structure and a piezoelectric energy capture structure; The electromagnetic wind power generation structure includes a DC generator, a tower and blades, which are used to drive the DC generator connected to the blades to convert wind energy into electrical energy when the wind energy drives the blades. The tower plays a supporting and fixing role during operation. The piezoelectric energy-harvesting structure is used as a control signal for a selective switch circuit in an interface circuit module.

3. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric energy harvesting structure comprises: a piezoelectric sheet, a cantilever beam, a magnet and a bluff body. The piezoelectric sheet is fixed to the first end of the cantilever beam, the bluff body is fixed to the second end of the cantilever beam, and the magnet is arranged on the cantilever beam near the second end of the bluff body.

4. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnets include a first pair of magnets and a second pair of magnets, and the first pair of magnets and the second pair of magnets are symmetrically placed relative to the cantilever beam.

5. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface circuit module includes: a rectifier and filter circuit, a boost DC-DC circuit, a buck DC-DC circuit and a selective switch circuit; The input end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the output end of the piezoelectric energy capture structure, the output end of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the control end of the selective switch circuit, the output end of the selective switch circuit is connected to the input end of the check circuit module, the input end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the input end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the output end of the electromagnetic wind power generation structure, and the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit and the output end of the buck DC-DC circuit are respectively connected to the input end of the selective switch circuit; The rectifier and filter circuit is used to convert the alternating current output by the piezoelectric energy harvesting structure into direct current, and use the direct current as a control signal for the selective switch circuit; The boost DC-DC circuit is used to boost the voltage to a preset voltage value; The step-down DC-DC circuit is used to reduce the voltage to a preset voltage value; The selective switch circuit is used to control the conduction or cutoff of the boost DC-DC circuit channel and the buck DC-DC circuit channel according to the received voltage.

6. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The selective switch circuit, when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switch circuit is higher than or equal to the first voltage threshold, drives the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned off; when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switch circuit is lower than the first voltage threshold and higher than the second voltage threshold, drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off; when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switch circuit is lower than or equal to the second voltage threshold and higher than the third voltage threshold, drives the step-up DC-DC circuit to be turned on and the step-down DC-DC circuit to be turned off; when the voltage received at the control end of the selective switch circuit is lower than or equal to the third voltage threshold, both the step-up DC-DC circuit and the step-down DC-DC circuit are turned off; The selective switch circuit includes: a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R 10 11th resistor R 11 , the twelfth resistor R 12 , a first MOS tube Q1, a second MOS tube Q2, a third MOS tube Q3, a fourth MOS tube Q4, a fifth MOS tube Q5, a sixth MOS tube Q6, a seventh diode D7 and an eighth diode D8; The output end of the step-down DC-DC circuit is connected to the anode of the seventh diode D7, the cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the source of the sixth MOS tube Q6, the drain of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is connected to the drain of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the gate of the sixth MOS tube Q6 is respectively connected to the drain of the fifth MOS tube Q5 and the first end of the fifth resistor R5, the source of the fifth MOS tube Q5 is respectively connected to the eleventh resistor R 11 The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the tenth resistor R 10 The first end of the twelfth resistor R 12 The first end of the tenth resistor R 10 The second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8, the eleventh resistor R9 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7, the second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the gate of the first MOS tube Q1, the source of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the ground, and the drain of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected to the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the eleventh resistor R9. 11 The second end of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the gate of the second MOS tube Q2, the source of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the ground end, and the drain of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to the twelfth resistor R 12 The second end of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the gate of the fourth MOS tube Q4, the source of the fourth MOS tube Q4 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8, and the anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the output end of the boost DC-DC circuit.

7. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first MOS transistor Q1, the third MOS transistor Q3, and the fifth MOS transistor Q5 are MOS transistors of the same type, the fourth MOS transistor Q4 and the sixth MOS transistor Q6 are MOS transistors of the same type, and the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the tenth resistor R 10 The third MOS tube Q3 forms a voltage divider circuit, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, and the first MOS tube Q1 form a NOT gate circuit, the VCC terminal is the output of the rectifier filter circuit, and serves as the control signal of the selective switch circuit. out1 is the output value of the boost DC-DC circuit, V out2 is the output value of the step-down DC-DC circuit.

8. The wind energy driven self-powered system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-return circuit module includes: a seventh MOS tube Q7, a first transistor Q8, a second transistor Q9, a first current limiting resistor R 14 And the second current limiting resistor R 15 ; The drain of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the second triode Q9 and the first end of the input end of the non-return circuit module, the source of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the emitter of the first triode Q8 and the first end of the output end of the non-return circuit module, and the gate of the seventh MOS tube Q7 is respectively connected to the collector of the first triode Q8 and the second current limiting resistor R 15 The collector of the second transistor Q9 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9 and the first current limiting resistor R 14 The first end of the first current limiting resistor R 14 The second end of the second current limiting resistor R 15 The second end of is respectively connected to the second end of the output end of the non-return circuit module and the ground end, and the base of the first transistor Q8 is connected to the base of the second transistor Q9.

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