Power management system of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

According to the power management system of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the system can supply power to each module in the unmanned aerial vehicle system for a long time before the unmanned aerial vehicle runs by using a battery of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that power supply distribution of each module is efficiently managed, and the state of each path of power supply is monitored in real time. Comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle system airborne 44V power supply and a 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface. A 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface is used for directly transmitting to an external comprehensive control module of the unmanned aerial vehicle for supplying power, and after the comprehensive control is normally operated, the on-off of each path of power supply output is controlled through an optocoupler control switch tube; 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface and 28V power supply formed after conversion are isolated and gathered together through the two diodes, two paths of current do not flow backwards, and when 28V input with the independent external power supply interface is removed, 28V power supply formed after conversion of airborne 44V power supply of an unmanned aerial vehicle system ensures power supply safety of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power management and relates to a power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The power management system improves the efficiency and stability of power management by monitoring, controlling and adjusting each load power source. Its key technical points include:

[0003] The power management system can dynamically adjust the output voltage and current of the power supply according to the demand to adapt to the different power requirements of the equipment. By controlling the working state of the power supply, energy consumption and power waste can be reduced.

[0004] By adopting efficient energy conversion technologies, such as switching power supplies including DC-DC modules, DC-DC chips and frequency conversion technology, energy utilization can be maximized in every link from transmission, conversion, storage to use of electrical energy.

[0005] Specifically in terms of drone power management, the power management system usually requires a small device that can perform multi-power on and off. This device will serve as the hardware platform for power-on timing planning, power status monitoring, and power distribution management of the entire drone system.

[0006] The existing UAV system takes too long to prepare for operation, and the modules in the system are scattered. If it only relies on its own onboard battery for power supply, when it encounters troubleshooting or long-term standby preparation, long-term power supply will cause the battery power to decrease and cannot meet the subsequent operation requirements. Frequent charging and discharging will also shorten the battery life. The power supply distribution of each module in the system also needs to be managed, and the status of each power supply needs to be monitored in real time to adapt to various operating conditions. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention proposes a power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle. The system can supply power to each module in the unmanned aerial vehicle system for a long time before the unmanned aerial vehicle uses its own battery to operate, thereby realizing efficient management of power distribution of each module and real-time monitoring of the status of each power supply.

[0008] A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an onboard 44V power supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle system and a 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface; the onboard 44V power supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle system is converted into three DC 28V power supplies and three DC 24V power supplies; the 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface is used for directly transparently transmitting to an external integrated control module of the unmanned aerial vehicle for power supply, and after the integrated control module is operated normally, the on and off of each power supply output is controlled by an optical coupler control switch tube; the 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface and the 28V power supply formed by the conversion are isolated and aggregated together through two diodes, and the two currents will not flow back to each other, and when the 28V input with the independent external power supply interface is removed, the 28V power supply formed by the conversion of the onboard 44V power supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle system ensures the safety of system power supply; each power supply is isolated and filtered; and the on and off of the three 28V power supplies and the three 24V power supplies are respectively controlled by MOS tubes.

[0009] Furthermore, the AD sampling circuit is used to monitor the output status of each power supply, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the voltage value of each channel of the system.

[0010] Furthermore, the collected voltage values ​​of each power supply output are transmitted to the external integrated control module in the form of a data protocol through the asynchronous TTL serial port of the single-chip microcomputer. The external integrated control module then processes and judges the data, forms a data packet and sends it to the host computer software for display. The user can intuitively observe the changes in the voltage values ​​of each channel and the prompt information.

[0011] Furthermore, each voltage acquisition is implemented using an STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller with 16-channel AD input; the multiple power supplies also include 5V, 9V, and 12V. The 5V, 9V, and 12V acquisition is directly carried out using the resistor voltage division method, and the 28V and 24V are conditioned by an isolated op amp and then sent to the microcontroller for acquisition.

[0012] Furthermore, the serial port is used to realize communication through the STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller, and a high-speed optical coupler is used for external isolation.

[0013] This paper proposes a convenient, efficient and real-time power management system with the following advantages:

[0014] 1. After the drone system is powered externally, the 28V input of the power management module is directly transparently transmitted to the external integrated control module for power supply. After the integrated control module is running normally, it receives the command and sends 5V level 9-way DI to the power management module, such as Figure 2 As shown, the switch tube is controlled by an optocoupler Figure 2 When the 28V input is removed, as long as DI_1 is high level, it will not affect the power supply of the integrated control module. Figure 1The two 28V circuits are isolated and combined through two diodes, and the currents of the two circuits will not flow back to each other, ensuring the safety of system power supply.

[0015] 2. The status monitoring of each voltage is realized through AD sampling circuit. When a power supply with load is turned on, such as Figure 3 As shown, after the voltage value is conditioned by the isolation amplifier circuit, the AD sampling circuit passes through the optocoupler, and the reference ground of the optocoupler is shared with the signal ground of the microcontroller to realize real-time monitoring of the voltage values ​​of each channel of the system.

[0016] 3. The collected voltage values ​​of each channel are transmitted to the integrated control module in the form of data protocol through the asynchronous TTL serial port of the single-chip microcomputer. The integrated control software then processes and judges the data, forms a data packet and sends it to the host computer software for display. The user can intuitively observe the changes in the voltage values ​​of each channel and the prompt information.

[0017] Therefore, the present invention realizes a power management system that can supply power to each module in the system for a long time before the drone uses its own battery to facilitate rapid debugging and troubleshooting, efficiently manage the power distribution of each module, and monitor the status of each power supply in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a power management system of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the MOS tube of this system (5V tube is turned on, 0V tube is turned off) controlling the on and off of each power output;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage acquisition isolation and conditioning of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The invention proposes that when the actual UAV system is running, the DC 44.4V (meeting the normal working requirements of 36-58V) inputted from the outside of the system needs to be converted into three-way DC 28V (accuracy ±5%, ripple ±10% width) and three-way DC 24V (accuracy ±5%, ripple ±10% width) through the comprehensive application of circuit topology design, switch tube circuit design, AD sampling circuit design and MCU software and hardware design technologies; the input IO port controls the on and off of the three-way 28V and three-way 24V power supplies respectively through MOS tubes, and ensures that one 28V power supply has an independent external power supply interface; each power supply is isolated and filtered; it has 15-way voltage monitoring function, and communicates with other modules inside the system through an asynchronous TTL serial port.

[0022] An implementation of a power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle is as follows:

[0023] For the 44.4V (38V ~ 58V) DC input and 28V_2A output needs, select a suitable module power supply. Based on the comprehensive consideration of localization requirements and cost, the 28V output uses two 100W DC-DC, wide voltage (36V ~ 75V) input, isolated and regulated DC-DC module power supplies (VCB4828SBO-100WFR3-N), such as Figure 1 The DC48-28V module shown in;

[0024] Three 24V outputs (two for standby and one for the photoelectric pod) share a DC-DC module power supply with a wide voltage (36V to 75V) input, and the three outputs are controlled by MOS tubes. The isolated and regulated DC-DC module uses a 100W module power supply (VCB4824EBO-100W(F)R3), such as Figure 1 The DC48-24V module shown in;

[0025] For the 5V_2A power output requirement, a 28-to-5V isolated power module is selected. Based on the board layout, VRB2405S-10WR3, a wide voltage input, isolated and regulated single-channel output module power supply, is selected. Figure 1 28 to 5V module as shown in;

[0026] In view of the 9V_5W backup power output requirement, a 28 to 9V isolated power module is selected. Based on the board layout considerations, VRB2409S-10WR3, a wide voltage input, isolated and regulated single output module power supply, is selected. Figure 1 28 to 9V module as shown in;

[0027] like Figure 1 The DC-DC28-12V module shown in the figure uses an isolated DC-DC module power supply;

[0028] Other power conversion chips, such as Figure 1 The 28V to 12V and 28V to 3.3V shown in the figure both use LDO chips.

[0029] The power input is designed with overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, reverse connection protection, and surge suppression circuits, which are mainly achieved through TVS diodes, Schottky diodes, and resettable fuses.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the specific implementation of the UAV power management system mainly consists of a power management module consisting of a filter circuit, a diode, a control MOS tube, a single-chip microcomputer, a DC-DC module, a DC-DC chip, and an aviation plug.

[0031] The external integrated control module has an input level of 5V (default 0V), and controls the on / off of each power output through the optocoupler to control the MOS transistor.

[0032] The voltage collection of each channel is implemented using the STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller, which has 16 channels of AD input; 5V, 9V, 12V and other voltages are directly collected using the resistor voltage division method, and 28V, 24V and other voltages are conditioned by an isolated op amp and then sent to the microcontroller for collection.

[0033] The communication serial port of the UAV power management system is realized through the STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller, and high-speed optocouplers are used for external isolation.

Claims

1. A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: It includes the UAV system's onboard 44V and a 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface; the UAV system's onboard 44V is converted into three DC 28V and three DC 24V; the 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface is used to directly transmit to the external integrated control module of the UAV for power supply. After the integrated control is operating normally, the on and off of each power supply output is controlled by the optical coupler control switch tube; the 28V power supply with an independent external power supply interface and the 28V power supply formed by the conversion are isolated and aggregated together through two diodes, and the two currents will not flow back to each other. When the 28V input with an independent external power supply interface is removed, the 28V power supply formed by the conversion of the UAV system's onboard 44V power supply ensures the safety of the system power supply; each power supply is isolated and filtered; the on and off of the three 28V and three 24V power supplies are controlled by MOS tubes respectively.

2. A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AD sampling circuit is used to monitor the output status of each power supply, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the voltage value of each channel of the system.

3. A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collected voltage values ​​of each power supply output are transmitted to the external integrated control module in the form of data protocol through the asynchronous TTL serial port of the single-chip microcomputer. The external integrated control module then processes and judges the data, forms a data packet and sends it to the host computer software for display. The user can intuitively observe the changes in the voltage values ​​of each channel and the prompt information.

4. A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage collection of each channel is implemented by STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller, which has 16 channels of AD input; the multiple power supplies also include 5V, 9V, and 12V. The resistance voltage division method is directly used for collection of 5V, 9V, and 12V. The 28V and 24V are conditioned by isolated operational amplifiers and then sent to the microcontroller for collection.

5. A power management system for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The serial port is used to realize communication through the STM32F103R8T6 microcontroller, and high-speed optical coupler is used for external isolation.

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