Device and method for applying biochar-based phosphate solubilizing bacteria agent to low-phosphorus rice field in red and yellow soil area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural rice field fungicide application and preparation, in particular to a red-yellow soil area low-phosphorus rice field charcoal-based phosphate solubilizing fungicide application device and method.The red-yellow soil area low-phosphorus rice field charcoal-based phosphate solubilizing fungicide application device comprises an outer frame and a connector, the outer frame and the connector are metal components and are fixed through high-strength bolts, and the connector is used for being connected with traction equipment; a supporting frame is arranged in the middle of the outer frame, a storage hopper used for storing a charcoal-based phosphate solubilizing bacterium agent is fixedly connected to the supporting frame, a material applying hopper is arranged at the bottom of the storage hopper in a matched mode, material stirring rollers are symmetrically installed in the storage hopper, rotating shafts at the two ends of the material stirring rollers are exposed out of the side wall of the storage hopper, and gears are concentrically installed on the end faces of the rotating shafts. A cross-shaped hole is formed in the top of the supporting frame, a displacement rod is inserted into the cross-shaped hole, a linkage rod is welded to the bottom of the displacement rod, and a driving part is arranged below the linkage rod; the microbial inoculum has the characteristics of caking resistance and uniform mixing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of application and preparation of agricultural rice field microbial agents, and in particular to a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing microbial agent to low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas. Background Art

[0002] Low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas are widely distributed in southern my country, covering a considerable area. This type of paddy soil is highly acidic, and its pH value is often lower than 5.5. This is mainly due to the local hot and rainy climate, which causes a large amount of base ions in the soil to be leached. In addition, the content of iron and aluminum oxides in the soil is extremely high, and gradually accumulates during the long-term soil formation process. These iron and aluminum oxides are like "phosphorus traps", which can easily react chemically with phosphorus in the soil to produce insoluble compounds such as iron phosphate and aluminum phosphate, which sharply reduce the effectiveness of phosphorus in the soil, seriously restrict the growth and development of rice, and cause rice plants to be short, tillering is reduced, and leaves turn yellow, which ultimately makes yield increase face many difficulties. To reverse this situation, biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria have gradually become one of the important ways to improve soil phosphorus utilization due to their unique phosphate-solubilizing properties and their improvement of the soil environment.

[0003] In terms of the application of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agents, there are more difficult problems in the storage and application of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agents in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas than in ordinary rice fields. Conventional biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agents, due to the strong adsorption of biochar itself, are prone to adsorb moisture and impurities in the surrounding environment during storage. In addition, due to the secretions produced by the metabolic activities of microorganisms, in the relatively humid and warm environment of the red-yellow soil area, agglomeration is particularly prone to occur. The soil environment of ordinary rice fields is relatively stable, and the risk of agglomeration of the agent is relatively low. Once the agent agglomerates, it is difficult to ensure uniformity when spreading. This is more likely to cause uneven distribution of the agent under the heavy soil conditions of low-phosphorus rice fields in the red-yellow soil area, which greatly reduces the activity of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and makes it difficult to fully exert the phosphate-solubilizing effect in the soil.

[0004] Furthermore, when the existing application device applies the microbial agent in ordinary rice fields, it is relatively easy to mix the microbial agent with the soil, because the soil structure of ordinary rice fields is conducive to the diffusion of the microbial agent. However, in the low-phosphorus rice fields in the red-yellow soil area, the texture is heavy and sticky. When the existing device applies the microbial agent, it is difficult to make the microbial agent evenly and deeply integrated into the soil. If the microbial agent cannot fully penetrate into the main distribution area of ​​the root system, it will not be able to effectively contact the fixed phosphorus, the phosphorus dissolution effect will be damaged, and it will be difficult to meet the rice's demand for phosphorus absorption under such special soil conditions.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agent to low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria application device for low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas, comprising an outer frame and a connector, both of which are metal components, which are fixed with high-strength bolts, and the connector is used to connect with a traction device; A support frame is provided at the center of the outer frame, and a storage hopper for storing biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria is fixedly connected to the support frame. A feeding hopper is provided at the bottom of the storage hopper, and stirring rollers are symmetrically installed inside the storage hopper. The rotating shafts at both ends of the stirring rollers are exposed to the side wall of the storage hopper, and gears are concentrically installed on the end faces of the rotating shafts. A cross hole is provided on the top of the support frame, a displacement rod is inserted in the cross hole, a linkage rod is welded at the bottom of the displacement rod, a driving part is arranged below the linkage rod, a T-shaped rod is welded on the top surface of the support frame, a C-shaped plate is installed on the top of the displacement rod, the bottom of the C-shaped plate is sleeved on the T-shaped rod, and an extrusion spring is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod and above the bottom of the C-shaped plate; The driving part includes an active driving shaft and a driven driving shaft symmetrically mounted on both sides of the outer frame, and a driving arm and a driven arm are fixedly mounted on a section of the end faces of the active driving shaft and the driven driving shaft facing the inner side of the outer frame, respectively. The driving arm and the driven arm have the same size and shape, and gear blocks are arranged at the arcs of the two end faces of the driving arm and the driven arm, and the gear blocks on the driving arm and the driven arm can mesh with each other. Side plates are fixedly mounted at the center positions on the same side of the driving arm and the driven arm, and a pin is arranged on one side of the same end of the side plate at any position, and a linkage arm is mounted on the two pins on the same side, and the linkage arm is located directly below the linkage rod; A synchronous wheel is concentrically mounted on the end face of the active drive shaft facing away from the inner part of the outer frame, a drive motor is mounted on the outer wall of the outer frame through a motor fixing frame, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the synchronous wheel through a synchronous belt.

[0008] Preferably, hollow gears are provided at concentric positions of the active drive shaft and the driven drive shaft. The hollow gears are located on the inner side of the outer frame and are respectively connected to the drive arm and the driven arm through cross bars. The bottom of the hollow gear is meshingly connected with the first gear shaft, and the bottom of the first gear shaft is meshingly connected with the second gear shaft. The first gear shaft and the second gear shaft are both installed on the outer frame. A positioning ring plate is installed at a concentric position on one side of the second gear shaft through a connecting rod. The diameter of the positioning ring plate is larger than the diameter of the second gear shaft. A tillage rod is provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction between two opposing positioning ring plates in the same vertical plane.

[0009] Preferably, plug blocks are symmetrically installed on the end surfaces of both ends of the soil-turning rod, and slots for installing the plug blocks are opened at equal angles along the circumference of the outer ring of the positioning ring plate. A threaded hole is opened on one side of the slot, and a locking bolt is installed at the threaded hole.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the outer frame is symmetrically installed with a slide rail, a slider is installed in the slide rail, the side walls of the slider are respectively installed with a shaft rod and a fixed block, a swing arm is rotatably installed on the shaft rod, the other end of the swing arm is rotatably connected to a crank through the shaft rod, the other end of the crank is fixedly connected to the driven drive shaft, and a flat plate is installed on the side wall of the fixed block.

[0011] Preferably, the flat plate is symmetrically provided with long holes inside, an extension plate is provided on one side of the flat plate, and the extension plate and the flat plate are locked by means of positioning bolts cooperating with the long holes.

[0012] Preferably, a ball head is welded to the bottom end surface of the linkage rod, and the outer surface of the ball head is a smooth surface.

[0013] Preferably, the linkage rod is a telescopic rod, and its length can be adjusted in the vertical direction.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region. The method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Device inspection: Check whether the outer frame, connector, storage hopper and drive unit are intact, and ensure that the above components are tightly connected without looseness, damage or blockage. After the inspection, connect the connector to the traction equipment, which is generally an agricultural tractor; S2. Selection and loading of microbial agents: Use soil sensors and related testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing of soil pH, phosphorus content, organic matter content, iron and aluminum oxide content, soil texture, etc. in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas; Record the test results and select the corresponding type of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent according to the test results; Slowly pour the selected biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent into the storage hopper. The filling amount of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper should not exceed 80% of the volume, and seal the open part of the storage hopper with a sealing cover; S3. Selection of application method: according to different types of fields, one of reciprocating linear application, horizontal strip application and spiral application is selected, and the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is applied by driving the open application hopper with an agricultural tractor; S4, anti-caking treatment: during the spreading process of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent, the driving unit is started, and the stirring rollers symmetrically distributed in the storage hopper are driven by the driving unit to rotate, so that the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper is shaken evenly; S5. Subsequent treatment: After the application is completed, the agricultural tractor pulls the outer frame to an open area beside the field to empty the remaining biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the storage hopper; If there is a lot of remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria and it is well preserved, it should be collected by sealing and packaging and stored in a ventilated place for subsequent small-scale supplementary application; if there is a little remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria or it has been contaminated or deteriorated, it should be transported to a designated open area for deep burial in accordance with regulations and should not be discarded at will; Then, use clean water to thoroughly clean the storage hopper, application hopper and other parts to remove residual bacteria and soil.

[0015] Compared with the related art, the device and method for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a device and method for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria to low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas. The present invention controls the operation of a driving motor. After the driving motor is operating, it rotates to drive the synchronous wheel and the active driving shaft to rotate through a synchronous belt. After the active driving shaft rotates, it pulls the driven arm to rotate through a linkage arm. When the upper end surface of the linkage arm rises in horizontal height, it will contact the linkage rod and apply an extrusion force to it. Under the action of the extrusion force, the linkage rod drives the displacement rod to rise along the cross hole. After the displacement rod rises, it drives the C-type plate to compress the extrusion spring. At the same time, the driving gear rotates to drive the stirring roller to operate in the storage hopper, so that the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria in the storage hopper is shaken evenly, avoiding agglomeration during the application process, making the distribution of the bacteria more even, and during the shaking process, the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria is fully in contact with the air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the bacteria. Most phosphate-dissolving bacteria are aerobic microorganisms. Sufficient oxygen helps them to breathe and metabolize, thereby enhancing their activity and improving their phosphate-dissolving ability. (2) The present invention provides a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region. After the hollow gear of the present invention rotates, the first gear shaft drives the second gear shaft to rotate. After the second gear shaft rotates, it drives the positioning ring plate to rotate together. After the positioning ring plate rotates, it randomly drives multiple soil-turning rods to rotate. The rotating soil-turning rods directly contact the field soil and turn it over, achieving the effect of applying the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent while tilling. During tillage, the soil is in a loose and turned state, and the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent can contact and mix with the soil more fully, so that the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be evenly distributed in the soil, increasing the contact area with the phosphorus element in the soil, which is conducive to better exerting the phosphate-solubilizing effect; (3) The present invention provides a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent to low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas. When the driven drive shaft of the present invention rotates, it drives the crank to rotate together. After the crank rotates, it drives the swing arm to move. Then the swing arm drives the slider to move back and forth in the slide rail. The fixed block follows the slider to move back and forth. During the reciprocating movement of the fixed block, it synchronously drives the connected flat plate to scrape the plowed soil, so that the soil is flattened again without the need for subsequent manual treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A area; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle B area; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the middle C area; Figure 7 is a flow chart of the present invention; Numbers in the figure: 1, outer frame, 2, connector, 3, support frame, 4, driving part, 5, hollow gear, 6, slide rail, 31, storage hopper, 32, feeding hopper, 33, stirring roller, 34, gear, 35, cross hole, 36, displacement rod, 37, T-bar, 38, C-plate, 39, extrusion spring, 361, linkage rod, 41, active drive shaft, 42, driven drive shaft, 43, drive arm, 44, driven arm, 45, side plate, 46 , linkage arm, 47, synchronous wheel, 451, pin shaft, 48, driving motor, 51, cross bar, 52, first gear shaft, 53, second gear shaft, 54, positioning ring plate, 55, tillage rod, 551, plug block, 552, slot, 553, locking bolt, 60, slider, 61, shaft rod, 62, fixing block, 63, swing arm, 64, crank, 610, flat plate, 611, long hole, 612, positioning bolt, 613, extension plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0018] In addition, the terms used below are defined based on the functions of the present invention and may differ depending on the intention or custom of the user or operator. Therefore, these terms are defined based on the entire contents of this specification.

[0019] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention discloses a device and method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region, comprising an outer frame 1 and a connector 2. The outer frame 1 and the connector 2 are both metal components, and the two are fixed with high-strength bolts. The connector 2 is used to connect with a traction device, and the traction device generally uses an agricultural tractor. The specific connection process between the two refers to the existing technology, and the present invention does not elaborate on it. A support frame 3 is provided at the center of the outer frame 1, and a storage hopper 31 for storing a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is fixedly connected to the support frame 3. A feeding hopper 32 is provided at the bottom of the storage hopper 31. A control valve for controlling the flow rate is provided on the feeding hopper 32. The biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is unloaded by opening the control valve, and the control valve can also control the discharge amount of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent. The inside of the storage hopper 31 is symmetrically equipped with stirring rollers 33. Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the stirring roller 33 is composed of a plurality of round rods of equal diameters, and the rotating shafts at both ends of the stirring roller 33 are exposed to the side wall of the storage hopper 31, and the end surface of the rotating shaft is concentrically mounted with a gear 34, and when the gear 34 rotates, it can drive the stirring roller 33 to rotate together; A cross hole 35 is formed on the top of the support frame 3, and a displacement rod 36 is inserted into the cross hole 35. The displacement rod 36 can move in the cross hole 35 along the vertical direction, and the horizontal position does not change. A linkage rod 361 is welded to the bottom of the displacement rod 36, a driving part 4 is arranged below the linkage rod 361, a T-shaped rod 37 is welded to the top surface of the support frame 3, a C-shaped plate 38 is installed on the top of the displacement rod 36, the bottom of the C-shaped plate 38 is sleeved on the T-shaped rod 37, and an extrusion spring 39 is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod 37 and above the bottom of the C-shaped plate 38. Under normal conditions, the elastic force of the extrusion spring 39 pushes the lower end surface of the C-shaped plate 38 to be close to the top surface of the support frame 3; The driving part 4 includes an active driving shaft 41 and a driven driving shaft 42 symmetrically mounted on both sides of the outer frame 1. A driving arm 43 and a driven arm 44 are fixedly mounted on a section of the end surface of the active driving shaft 41 and the driven driving shaft 42 facing the inner part of the outer frame 1. The driving arm 43 and the driven arm 44 have the same size and shape, and the driving arm 43 and the driven arm 44 have the same movement diameter along the active driving shaft 41 and the driven driving shaft 42. The driving arm 43 and the driven arm 44 are both provided with gear blocks at the arcs of both end surfaces, and the gear blocks on the driving arm 43 and the driven arm 44 can mesh with each other, that is, after the driving arm 43 moves at a certain angle, the gear blocks provided on its end surface are combined with the gear blocks on the end surface of the driven arm 44, driving them to move together; A side plate 45 is fixedly installed at the center position on the same side of the driving arm 43 and the driven arm 44. The distance between the side plates 45 is evenly large. A pin shaft 451 is set on one side of the same end of the side plate 45 at any position. A linkage arm 46 is installed on the two pin shafts 451 on the same side, and the linkage arm 46 is located directly below the linkage rod 361. A synchronous wheel 47 is concentrically mounted on the end face of the active driving shaft 41 facing away from the inner part of the outer frame 1, and a driving motor 48 is mounted on the outer wall of the outer frame 1 through a motor fixing frame. The output shaft of the driving motor 48 is connected to the synchronous wheel 47 through a synchronous belt. When working, the driving motor 48 is controlled to work. After the driving motor 48 works, it rotates to drive the synchronous wheel 47 and the active driving shaft 41 to rotate through the synchronous belt. After the active driving shaft 41 rotates, the driven arm 44 is pulled to rotate through the linkage arm 46. In this process, the two ends of the linkage arm 46 respectively draw circles with the axes of the active driving shaft 41 and the driven driving shaft 42, and the upper end of the linkage arm 46 The surface produces a reciprocating change in the horizontal height. When the horizontal height of the upper end surface of the linkage arm 46 rises, it will contact the linkage rod 361 and apply an extrusion force to it. Under the action of the extrusion force, the linkage rod 361 drives the displacement rod 36 to rise along the cross hole 35. After the displacement rod 36 rises, it drives the C-type plate 38 to compress the extrusion spring 39. At the same time, the driving gear 34 rotates to drive the stirring roller 33 to work in the storage hopper 31, so that the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the storage hopper 31 is shaken evenly to avoid agglomeration during the application process. In addition, the shaking process allows the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria to fully contact with the air, increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the bacteria. Most phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are aerobic microorganisms. Sufficient oxygen helps them to breathe and metabolize, thereby enhancing their activity and improving their phosphate-solubilizing ability. At the same time, when the horizontal height of the upper end surface of the linkage arm 46 decreases, the rebound force generated by the compression of the extrusion spring 39 drives the C-shaped plate 38 to reset, that is, the displacement rod 36 vertically decreases, and the driving gear 34 is based on the above-mentioned reversal, and the stirring roller 33 rotates in the opposite direction again, thereby increasing the stirring and shaking effect with the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent. At the same time, the enhanced shaking effect can redistribute the moisture in the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent, making the humidity of the entire biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent more uniform, which is conducive to maintaining the activity of the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent and avoiding the performance of the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent being affected by local overdryness or overwetness; The bottom end surface of the linkage rod 361 is welded with a ball head, and the outer surface of the ball head is a smooth surface. At this time, the area provided with the ball head directly contacts the upper end surface of the linkage arm 46, thereby reducing the wear on the upper end surface of the linkage arm 46; The linkage rod 361 can be selected as a telescopic rod, and its own length can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The contact time between the linkage arm 46 and the above-mentioned ball head can be changed by adjusting the length. It can also be understood that the rising distance of the linkage rod 361 is controllable, that is, the rotation angle of the stirring roller 33 is adjustable.

[0020] In another embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 6 The active drive shaft 41 and the driven drive shaft 42 are both provided with hollow gears 5 at concentric positions. The hollow gears 5 are located on the inner side of the outer frame 1 and are connected to the drive arm 43 and the driven arm 44 respectively through the cross bar 51, that is, when the drive arm 43 and the driven arm 44 rotate, the hollow gears 5 are driven to rotate together; The bottom of the hollow gear 5 is meshedly connected with a first gear shaft 52, and the bottom of the first gear shaft 52 is meshedly connected with a second gear shaft 53, and the first gear shaft 52 and the second gear shaft 53 are both installed on the outer frame 1, and a positioning ring plate 54 is installed at a concentric position on one side of the second gear shaft 53 through a connecting rod, and the diameter of the positioning ring plate 54 is larger than the diameter of the second gear shaft 53. A soil turning rod 55 is arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction between two opposing positioning ring plates 54 in the same vertical plane. In specific operation, when the hollow gear 5 rotates, the first gear shaft 52 drives the The second gear shaft 53 rotates, and after the second gear shaft 53 rotates, it drives the positioning ring plate 54 to rotate together. After the positioning ring plate 54 rotates, it randomly drives multiple tillage rods 55 to rotate. The rotating tillage rods 55 directly contact the field soil and turn it over, so as to achieve the effect of applying the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent while tilling. When tilling, the soil is in a loose and turned state, and the biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent can contact and mix with the soil more fully, so that the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be evenly distributed in the soil, increasing the contact area with the phosphorus element in the soil, which is conducive to better exerting the phosphate-solubilizing effect; Furthermore, plug blocks 551 are symmetrically installed on the end surfaces of both ends of the soil-turning rod 55, and slots 552 for installing the plug blocks 551 are opened at equal angles along the circumference of the outer circle of the positioning ring plate 54. A threaded hole is opened on one side of the slot 552, and a locking bolt 553 is installed at the threaded hole. The plug block 551 and the soil-turning rod 55 can be regarded as an integrated part, and the locking bolt 553 can be loosened to adjust the insertion depth of the plug block 551 relative to the slot 552, that is, the position of the soil-turning rod 55 at each position is adjustable, and the soil-turning depth is synchronously controllable, and different depths of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be used according to different field soil properties.

[0021] In another embodiment, see Figure 1-Figure 6The inner wall of the outer frame 1 is symmetrically provided with a slide rail 6, a slider 60 is provided in the slide rail 6, and the side walls of the slider 60 are respectively provided with a shaft 61 and a fixed block 62, a swing arm 63 is rotatably provided on the shaft 61, the other end of the swing arm 63 is rotatably connected with a crank 64 through the shaft, the other end of the crank 64 is fixedly connected to the driven drive shaft 42, and a flat plate 610 is provided on the side wall of the fixed block 62. When working, the driven drive shaft 42 rotates and drives the crank 64 to rotate together, and the crank 64 rotates and drives the swing arm 63 to move, and then the swing arm 63 drives the slider 60 to reciprocate in the slide rail 6, and the fixed block 62 reciprocates with the slider 60, and during the reciprocating translation of the fixed block 62, it synchronously drives the connected flat plate 610 to scrape the plowed soil, so that the soil is flattened again without subsequent manual processing; At the same time, the inside of the flat plate 610 is symmetrically provided with long holes 611, and an extension plate 613 is provided on one side of the flat plate 610. The extension plate 613 and the flat plate 610 are locked by means of positioning bolts 612 and the long holes 611. The positioning bolts 612 can be loosened to adjust the combined length of the extension plate 613 relative to the flat plate 610, and the bottom horizontal height of the extension plate 613 can be synchronously adjusted according to the above-mentioned different tillage depth requirements.

[0022] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region. The method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Device inspection: Check whether the outer frame 1, connector 2, storage hopper 31 and drive unit 4 are intact, and ensure that the above components are tightly connected without looseness, damage or blockage. After the inspection, connect the connector 2 to the traction equipment, which is generally an agricultural tractor; S2. Selection and loading of microbial agents: Use soil sensors and related testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing of soil pH, phosphorus content, organic matter content, iron and aluminum oxide content, soil texture, etc. in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas; Record the test results and select the corresponding type of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent according to the test results. The corresponding selection method is as follows: 1) Strongly acidic soil (pH < 5.0): Suitable for biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria containing acidophilic phosphate-solubilizing bacteria; 2) Acidic soil (5.0≤pH<6.5): suitable for using common acid-resistant phosphate-solubilizing bacteria combined with conventional biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria; 3) Extremely low phosphorus soil (available phosphorus < 5 mg / kg): It is advisable to use biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria with strong phosphate-solubilizing ability and certain phosphorus-enriching function; 4) Low-phosphorus soil (5mg / kg≤available phosphorus<10mg / kg): suitable for conventional biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria with stable phosphate-solubilizing performance; Slowly pour the selected biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent into the storage hopper 31. The amount of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper 31 should not exceed 80% of the volume, and the open part of the storage hopper 31 is sealed by a sealing cover; S3, selection of application method: according to different types of fields, one of reciprocating linear application, horizontal strip application and spiral application is selected, and the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is applied by driving the opened application hopper 32 with an agricultural tractor; Specifically: If the field is regular in shape, large in area and relatively flat, a reciprocating straight line method is used for application; that is, starting from one end of the field, the spraying is carried out at a constant speed according to the preset spraying width and speed, and then turning around after reaching the other end, and spraying again along the adjacent parallel straight line, and so on and so forth until the entire field is sprayed; If the field has a certain slope, horizontal strip application is adopted; that is, the agricultural tractor starts from one side of the field and spreads in a straight line in each strip area along the direction perpendicular to the long side of the field. After completing the spreading of one strip area, it moves to the adjacent strip area to continue spreading until the entire field is covered; If the field is small and irregular in shape, or there are obstacles in the field, spiral application is adopted; that is, the agricultural tractor starts from the center of the field and spreads in a spiral route to the periphery until the entire field is covered; S4, anti-caking treatment: during the spreading process of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent, the driving unit 4 is started, and the stirring rollers 33 symmetrically distributed in the storage hopper 31 are driven by the driving unit 4 to rotate, so that the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper 31 is shaken evenly; S5, subsequent processing: after the application is completed, the agricultural tractor pulls the outer frame 1 to an open area beside the field to empty the remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper 31; If there is a lot of remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria and it is well preserved, it should be collected by sealing and packaging and stored in a ventilated place for subsequent small-scale supplementary application; if there is a little remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria or it has been contaminated or deteriorated, it should be transported to a designated open area for deep burial in accordance with regulations and should not be discarded at will; Then, the storage hopper 31 and the application hopper 32 and other components are thoroughly cleaned with clean water to remove the residual bacterial agent and soil.

[0023] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for applying a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent to a low-phosphorus rice field in a red-yellow soil region, comprising an outer frame (1) and a connector (2), characterized in that: The outer frame (1) and the connecting head (2) are both made of metal and are fixed together using high-strength bolts. The connecting head (2) is used to connect to the traction equipment. A support frame (3) is provided at the center of the outer frame (1), a storage hopper (31) for storing a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacterial agent is fixedly connected to the support frame (3), a feeding hopper (32) is provided at the bottom of the storage hopper (31), stirring rollers (33) are symmetrically installed inside the storage hopper (31), the rotating shafts at both ends of the stirring rollers (33) are exposed to the side wall of the storage hopper (31), and gears (34) are concentrically installed on the end faces of the rotating shafts; A cross hole (35) is provided at the top of the support frame (3), a displacement rod (36) is inserted into the cross hole (35), a linkage rod (361) is welded to the bottom of the displacement rod (36), a driving unit (4) is arranged below the linkage rod (361), a T-shaped rod (37) is welded to the top surface of the support frame (3), a C-shaped plate (38) is installed on the top of the displacement rod (36), the bottom of the C-shaped plate (38) is sleeved on the T-shaped rod (37), and an extrusion spring (39) is installed on the outer wall of the T-shaped rod (37) and above the bottom of the C-shaped plate (38); The driving part (4) comprises an active driving shaft (41) and a driven driving shaft (42) symmetrically mounted on both sides of the outer frame (1). A driving arm (43) and a driven arm (44) are fixedly mounted on a section of the end surface of the active driving shaft (41) and the driven driving shaft (42) facing the inside of the outer frame (1). The driving arm (43) and the driven arm (44) are of the same size and shape. Gear blocks are arranged at arcs at both end surfaces of the driving arm (43) and the driven arm (44). The gear blocks on the driving arm (43) and the driven arm (44) can mesh with each other. A side plate (45) is fixedly mounted at the center position on the same side of the driving arm (43) and the driven arm (44). A pin shaft (451) is arranged on one side of the same end of the side plate (45) at any position. A linkage arm (46) is mounted on the two pin shafts (451) on the same side. The linkage arm (46) is located directly below the linkage rod (361). A synchronous wheel (47) is coaxially mounted on the end surface of one end of the active drive shaft (41) facing away from the inside of the outer frame (1), and a drive motor (48) is mounted on the outer wall of the outer frame (1) via a motor fixing frame, and an output shaft of the drive motor (48) is connected to the synchronous wheel (47) via a synchronous belt.

2. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hollow gears (5) are provided at concentric positions of the active drive shaft (41) and the driven drive shaft (42). The hollow gears (5) are located inside the outer frame (1) and are respectively connected to the drive arm (43) and the driven arm (44) via a cross bar (51). A first gear shaft (52) is meshedly connected at the bottom of the hollow gear (55). A second gear shaft (53) is meshedly connected at the bottom of the first gear shaft (52). Both the first gear shaft (52) and the second gear shaft (53) are mounted on the outer frame (1). A positioning ring plate (54) is installed at a concentric position on one side of the second gear shaft (53) via a connecting rod. The diameter of the positioning ring plate (54) is larger than that of the second gear shaft (53). Soil turning rods (55) are provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction between two opposing positioning ring plates (54) in the same vertical plane.

3. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: Insert blocks (551) are symmetrically mounted on the end surfaces of both ends of the tiller rod (55), and slots (552) for mounting the insert blocks (551) are provided at equal angles along the circumference of the outer ring of the positioning ring plate (54), and a threaded hole is provided on one side of the slot (552), and a locking bolt (553) is mounted at the threaded hole.

4. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the outer frame (1) is symmetrically mounted with a slide rail (6), a slider (60) is mounted inside the slide rail (6), a shaft (61) and a fixed block (62) are respectively mounted on the side walls of the slider (60), a swing arm (63) is rotatably mounted on the shaft (61), the other end of the swing arm (63) is rotatably connected to a crank (64) via the shaft, the other end of the crank (64) is fixedly connected to the driven drive shaft (42), and a plate (610) is mounted on the side wall of the fixed block (62).

5. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flat plate (610) is symmetrically provided with long holes (611) inside, and an extension plate (613) is provided on one side of the flat plate (610). The extension plate (613) and the flat plate (610) are locked together by means of positioning bolts (612) cooperating with the long holes (611).

6. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ball head is welded to the bottom end surface of the linkage rod (361), and the outer surface of the ball head is a smooth surface.

7. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage rod (361) is a type of telescopic rod, and its length can be adjusted in the vertical direction.

8. The device for applying biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A method for applying a biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent to a low-phosphorus paddy field in a red-yellow soil region specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Device inspection: Check whether the outer frame (1), the connector (2), the storage hopper (31) and the drive unit (4) are intact, and ensure that the above components are tightly connected and not loose, damaged or blocked. After the inspection, connect the connector (2) to the traction device, which is generally an agricultural tractor; S2. Selection and loading of microbial agents: Use soil sensors and related testing equipment to conduct comprehensive testing of soil pH, phosphorus content, organic matter content, iron and aluminum oxide content, soil texture, etc. in low-phosphorus rice fields in red-yellow soil areas; Record the test results and select the corresponding type of biochar-based phosphate-solubilizing bacteria agent according to the test results; Slowly pour the selected biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent into the storage hopper (31), wherein the amount of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper (31) should not exceed 80% of the volume, and the open portion of the storage hopper (31) is sealed with a sealing cover; S3. Selection of application method: according to different types of fields, one of reciprocating linear application, horizontal strip application and spiral application is selected, and the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent is applied by driving the opened application hopper (32) with an agricultural tractor; S4, anti-caking treatment: during the spreading process of the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent, the driving unit (4) is started, and the stirring rollers (33) symmetrically distributed in the storage hopper (31) are driven to rotate by the driving unit (4), so that the biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper (31) is evenly shaken; S5, subsequent treatment: after the application is completed, the agricultural tractor pulls the outer frame (1) to an open area beside the field, and the remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria agent in the storage hopper (31) is emptied; If there is a lot of remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria and it is well preserved, it should be collected by sealing and packaging and stored in a ventilated place for subsequent small-scale supplementary application; if there is a little remaining biochar-based phosphate-dissolving bacteria or it has been contaminated or deteriorated, it should be transported to a designated open area for deep burial in accordance with regulations and should not be discarded at will; Then, the storage hopper (31) and the application hopper (32) and other components are thoroughly cleaned with clean water to remove residual bacterial agents and soil.

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