Corn and soybean dual-purpose air pressure type high-speed precision seed-metering device

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn-soybean dual-purpose air pressure type high-speed precision seed sowing device. The seed metering device comprises a front shell, a seed metering disc, a shaft and a rear shell, a seed filling and carrying space is defined by a gradually-shrinking speed-increasing baffle of the front shell, the upper circumferential side wall of the front shell, a seed gathering baffle of the front shell, a seed metering pipe of the front shell, the rear shell and a front end plate of the front shell, and the seed metering disc fixed to the shaft periodically rotates in the seed filling and carrying space; a plurality of U-shaped groove suction holes are formed in the plate surface of the seed-metering plate; the working sequence of the seed-carrying working cycle of the U-shaped groove suction holes is as follows: the seed-gathering baffle, the upper peripheral side wall, the gradually-shrinking speed-increasing baffle and the seed-metering pipe; the seed gathering baffle is used for lifting and gathering the population; the seed pushing plate is fixed to the front shell, a main body of the seed pushing plate is a grid plate, and the grid plate is used for separating seeds in the seed filling and carrying stage and the seed falling stage in the seed filling and carrying space. Overall lifting of the population position is achieved through the seed gathering baffle, seeds in the middle layer of the population are made to be close to suction holes of the seed metering disc, and the seed filling performance of the seed metering device is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding devices, in particular to a pneumatic high-speed precision seeding device for corn and soybean. Background Art

[0002] Corn is not only a key source of food and feed, but also an important raw material for industrial production, providing solid support for animal husbandry and industrial systems. Therefore, increasing corn production is crucial, which not only helps to reduce the pressure on land resources, but also is an important way to promote the sustainable development of the corn industry.

[0003] In mechanized sowing operations, the performance of the seed meter directly affects the yield. Therefore, the development of high-precision and high-efficiency seed meter is of great significance to the mechanization of corn planting.

[0004] Pneumatic seed meters have received extensive attention and research due to their strong adaptability to seeds, excellent sowing effects, and no seed damage. At present, domestic pneumatic seed metering technology is relatively mature, and the sowing effect is excellent when the operating speed is lower than 14km / h. However, as the operating speed increases further, the pneumatic seed meter needs to be equipped with a special seed guide device to reduce the drastic fluctuations in plant spacing caused by the bouncing of seeds in the seed guide tube. In contrast, during the seeding stage of the pneumatic seed meter, the seeds pass through the seed tube quickly under the guidance of positive pressure airflow, which reduces the collision between the seeds and the seed tube and reduces the coefficient of variation of plant spacing. However, domestic pneumatic seed meters are still in the initial stage of research and development, and the seeding performance needs to be improved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device for corn and soybean (corn and soybean), the technical scheme includes: a front shell body, a seeding disk, a shaft and a rear shell body, a seed inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are located on the outside of the front end plate, the seed inlet pipe is connected to the seed box and the lower part of the seed filling and carrying space, and the seeds enter the inside of the seed metering device through the seed inlet pipe; the air inlet pipe connects the circular distributed uniform air hole group of the front shell body with the fan; the seeding pipe is connected to the seed filling and carrying space through the guide seed suction port, and the lower end of the seeding pipe is connected to the seed guide pipe; the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle of the front shell body and the upper side wall of the front shell body are connected. The seed filling and carrying space is surrounded by the seed gathering baffle of the front shell, the seed discharging tube of the front shell, the rear shell and the front end plate of the front shell, and the seed discharging disk fixed with the shaft rotates periodically in the seed filling and carrying space; a number of U-shaped groove suction holes are opened on the disk surface of the seed discharging disk, and the working order of the U-shaped groove suction hole seed carrying working cycle is the seed gathering baffle, the upper side wall, the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle and the seed discharging tube; the seed gathering baffle is used to lift and gather the seed population so that the seeds in the middle layer of the seed population are close to the U-shaped groove suction holes; the seed pushing plate is fixed to the front shell, and the main body of the seed pushing plate is a grid plate, which is used to separate the seeds in the filling and carrying stage and the seeds in the seed dropping stage in the seed filling and carrying space.

[0006] The distance between the seed gathering baffle and the U-shaped groove suction hole is 11.5mm, ensuring that slightly disturbed seeds are used as the main adsorbed seeds, improving the seed filling performance of the seed meter.

[0007] A seed unloading port is provided on the seed gathering baffle.

[0008] A lower circumferential side wall is provided on the radial outer side of the seed gathering baffle, and the lower circumferential side wall and the upper circumferential side wall are integrally fixed to form a cylinder wall; the seed unloading port has a side wall and extends to the lower circumferential side wall to form a seed unloading channel; the lower circumferential side wall extends to the outer side of the gradually shrinking and increasing speed baffle so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper circumferential side wall; the seed blocking support plate positioning hole is connected to the seed blocking support plate mounting hole by screws, the seed unloading port cooperates with the seed support positioning boss, the buckle positioning hole is connected to the buckle mounting port of the buckle by screws, and a buckle groove is provided on the buckle, one side of the seed blocking support plate is placed in the buckle groove, and the other side of the seed blocking support plate is fixed by the seed blocking support plate mounting hole, so as to realize the positioning of the seed blocking support plate from two directions; when it is necessary to actively unload the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle and the seed blocking support plate can be rotated in turn to open the seed unloading port to complete the seed unloading.

[0009] A seed suction notch is arranged on the radial outer side of the U-shaped groove suction hole, and the distances between all the U-shaped groove suction holes and the axis are the same.

[0010] The edge line of the U-shaped groove suction hole is chamfered toward the front shell body.

[0011] The front shell body comprises: a seed entry tube, an air baffle positioning slide groove, an air entry tube, a front shell body mounting ear, a seed discharge tube, a seed disturbance honeycomb half-hole group, a seed pusher plate mounting column, a sealing ring mounting groove, a seed suction guide port, a seed pusher plate lower mounting column, a seed gathering baffle, a circular distributed evenly distributed wind hole group, a seed discharge port, a buckle positioning hole, a seed scraper mounting column, a scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle, an upper side wall and a front end plate; wherein the seed entry tube, the air entry tube, the seed gathering baffle, the upper side wall and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle are all fixedly connected to the front end plate, and the front end plate is also provided with a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, a front shell body mounting ear, a seed disturbance honeycomb half-hole group, a seed pusher plate mounting column, a sealing ring mounting groove, a seed pusher plate lower mounting column, a seed support plate positioning hole, a circular distributed evenly distributed wind hole group, a buckle positioning hole, a seed scraper mounting column and a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole, wherein the seed gathering baffle, the upper side wall and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle are all located on the inner side of the front end plate with the front end plate;

[0012] One end of the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle is connected to the guide seed suction port, and one end of the beam is connected to the upper side wall;

[0013] The scraper is provided with a plurality of stepped seed-cleaning bosses, a right positioning hole of the scraper and a left positioning hole of the scraper, wherein the left positioning hole of the scraper is connected to the installation column of the scraper by a bolt, and the right positioning hole of the scraper and the waist-shaped hole through which the scraper is installed are connected by the positioning bolt of the scraper, so as to change the angle of the scraper relative to the running track of the U-shaped groove suction hole through the assembly position of the right positioning hole of the scraper and the waist-shaped hole of the scraper;

[0014] An air baffle for sealing is arranged outside the waist-shaped hole for installing the scraper, and the positioning bolt of the scraper passes through the air baffle installation hole in the center of the air baffle; an air baffle positioning slide groove is also opened outside the front shell, and the air baffle is arranged in the air baffle positioning slide groove;

[0015] The seed disturbance honeycomb half-hole group is arranged on the inner wall of the front end plate just above the seed discharge tube. The seed disturbance honeycomb half-hole group is used to generate disturbed airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorbed seeds in the seed dropping stage, reducing the adsorption force of the seeds, and facilitating seed dropping; the mounting column on the seed pushing plate is connected to the positioning hole on the seed pushing plate, and the mounting column under the seed pushing plate is connected to the positioning hole under the seed pushing plate; the sealing ring mounting groove is used to place the O-ring; the guiding seed suction port is used to assist the air blocking block to ensure the consistency of the seed dropping position; the sizes of multiple stepped seed cleaning bosses are different, and the excess seeds sucked on the U-groove suction hole are cleared.

[0016] The seed pushing plate includes: a grid plate, a seed passing port, a second seed scraper, a seed blocking wing plate, a positioning hole on the seed pushing plate, a positioning hole under the seed pushing plate, a seed posture adjustment plate and an anti-heavy boss, wherein the seed population is accumulated on the side of the grid plate close to the seed inlet tube to prevent the seed population from being directly discharged from the seed discharge port under the action of airflow and causing reseeding; the seed blocking wing plate, the seed posture adjustment plate, the second seed scraper and the anti-heavy boss are all fixedly connected to the grid plate as a whole, wherein the seed blocking wing plate and the second seed scraper are arranged on the seed inlet tube side of the grid plate, and the seed posture adjustment plate and the anti-heavy boss are both arranged on the seed discharge tube side of the grid plate; the grid plate has a seed passing port on the upper part, and the seed passing port is used to allow the seeds pressed on the seed discharge disk to pass through the seed pushing plate to one side of the seed discharge tube;

[0017] The positioning holes on the seed pushing plate and the positioning holes under the seed pushing plate are respectively arranged in the middle and lower parts of the grid plate, and the seed pushing plate is respectively bolted and fixed to the seed pushing plate mounting column and the seed pushing plate mounting column of the front shell body through the positioning holes on the seed pushing plate and the positioning holes under the seed pushing plate; the second seed scraper and the anti-heavy boss remove excess seeds on the suction hole during the seed cleaning stage; the seed blocking wing plate prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow and knocking down the adsorbed seeds; the seed posture adjustment plate is used to adjust the seed falling posture, and at the same time ensure that the seeds in the seed dropping stage can fall straight along the posture adjustment plate.

[0018] The rear housing comprises: a rear housing mounting lug, a seed meter fixing plate, a bearing mounting stepped hole, a main air flow outlet, a wire ring buckle positioning hole and a motor mounting base, wherein a bearing mounting stepped hole is provided at the center of the rear housing, and the space in the bearing mounting stepped hole is used to accommodate a first bearing, a shaft sleeve and a second bearing, the inner ring of the first bearing, the shaft sleeve positioning hole of the shaft sleeve and the inner ring of the second bearing are sequentially sleeved on the shaft, the bearing retaining ring arranged in the shaft end retaining ring mounting groove is fitted with the inner ring of the second bearing, and the shaft shoulder is fitted with the first bearing, so that the first bearing, the shaft sleeve and the second bearing are clamped at a position between the shaft shoulder and the bearing retaining ring;

[0019] The first boss at the shaft end is inserted into the shaft hole of the seed disc, and the seed disc mounting column is inserted into the positioning hole of the seed disc, thereby ensuring the circumferential positioning of the seed disc to drive the seed disc to rotate, and a pin shaft is inserted into the pin hole, thereby fixing the seed disc at a position between the pin hole and the shaft shoulder to ensure the axial positioning of the seed disc; a main air flow outlet penetrating the shell is provided on the rear shell, and the main air flow outlet is connected to the atmosphere.

[0020] The circumferential outer side of the rear shell is integrally fixed with a rear shell mounting ear, and the rear shell mounting ear is fixedly connected to the front shell mounting ear by a wire ring buckle, which limits the circumferential freedom of the front shell; two wire ring buckle positioning holes are opened on the rear shell, and the two wire ring buckle mounting holes are respectively fixed to the wire ring buckle positioning hole in the middle of a wire ring buckle by bolts, and four buckle connecting columns are fixed to the outer periphery of the front shell through the ears, wherein two buckle connecting columns form a group, and each buckle connecting column is respectively inserted into one end ring of the wire ring buckle, and the two The wire ring buckle limits the relative axial freedom of the front shell and the rear shell; multiple seed metering device fixing plates are fixedly connected to the rear shell as a whole, and the seed metering device fixing plates are fixedly connected to the frame of the seed metering unit through bolts; the air block positioning hole opened on the rear shell and the air block mounting hole on the air block are connected by bolts; the upper end of the air block is close to the running track of the back of the U-shaped groove suction hole, and the upper end face of the air block is located in the direction above the seeding tube, so that the U-shaped groove suction hole loses air pressure when it travels to the air block, and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole fall into the seeding tube;

[0021] The housing of the motor is fixed to the motor mounting base, and the power output shaft of the motor is directly connected to the second boss at the shaft end to drive the shaft and the seeding disc to rotate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The present invention realizes the overall lifting of the position of the seed population through the seed gathering baffle, so that the seeds in the middle layer of the seed population are close to the U-groove suction holes (seed tray suction holes). Compared with the upper and bottom seeds, the middle seeds are slightly disturbed by the airflow, have a certain fluidity, and are not easy to pile up in the air. At the same time, their relative speed with the seed tray is the smallest, and the seed tray can more effectively absorb the seeds in this area, greatly improving the seed filling performance of the seed meter; thereby, it can complete the high-speed sowing operation of crops such as corn and soybeans, and is suitable for large fields with flat terrain. This structure uses the principle of pressure difference adsorption to achieve accurate separation and stable migration of seeds, with high operating efficiency, little seed damage, and stable plant spacing.

[0024] 2. The seeding disc of the present invention stirs the seed population through the chamfered U-shaped groove suction holes, thereby enhancing the mobility of the seed population. Under the stirring action of the suction holes, the seeds obtain an initial speed to move toward the suction holes, which is beneficial to the adsorption of the seeds.

[0025] 3. The air-blocking block boss of the present invention blocks the airflow of the suction hole during the seeding stage, so that the seeds are separated from the suction hole and are quickly sucked in at the guiding seed suction port, thereby ensuring the consistency of the seeding position.

[0026] 4. The air baffle and O-ring of the present invention effectively improve the air tightness of the seed meter, reduce its rated working air pressure, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and efficiency improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the high-speed precision pneumatic seed metering device for corn and soybeans of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front housing;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the front housing from a rear axle perspective;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air baffle;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a seed scraper;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seed pushing plate;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the seed tray;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a left view structural schematic diagram of the seed tray;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a radial cross-sectional view of the seeding disc;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the rear housing;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the rear axle-view structure of the rear housing;

[0038] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wire ring buckle;

[0040] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft sleeve;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas blocking block;

[0042] Fig.16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buckle;

[0043] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seed retaining support plate;

[0044] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the high-speed and precise pneumatic seed metering device for corn and soybeans of the present invention.

[0045] Among them: 1-air baffle, 101-air baffle mounting hole, 2-front shell, 201-seed inlet pipe, 202-air baffle positioning slide, 203-air inlet pipe, 204-front shell mounting ear, 205-seed discharge pipe, 206-seed disturbance honeycomb half hole group, 207-seed push plate upper mounting column, 208-seal ring mounting groove, 209-seed suction guide port, 2010-seed push plate lower mounting column, 2011-seed gathering baffle, 2012-seed baffle support plate positioning hole, 2013-circular distribution uniform air hole group, 2014-seed discharge port, 2015-buckle positioning hole, 20 16-scraper installation column, 2017-scraper installation waist hole, 2018-gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle, 2019-upper side wall, 2020-lower side wall, 2021-front end plate, 2022-buckle connection column, 3-scraper, 301-scraper left positioning hole, 302-stepped seed cleaning boss, 303-scraper right positioning hole, 4-push seed plate, 401-grid plate, 402-seed port, 403-second scraper, 404-seed blocking wing plate, 405-positioning hole on push seed plate, 406-positioning hole below push seed plate, 407-seed posture adjustment Plate, 408-anti-heavy boss, 5-seed disc, 501-seed disc shaft hole, 502-U-shaped groove suction hole, 503-seed disc positioning hole, 504-seed disc boss, 5021-seed suction notch, 6-rear shell, 601-rear shell mounting ear, 602-seed device fixing plate, 603-bearing mounting stepped hole, 604-air block mounting groove, 605-air block positioning hole, 606-main air flow outlet, 607-wire ring buckle positioning hole, 608-motor mounting base, 7-axis, 701-seed disc mounting column, 702-first boss at the shaft end, 703-pin hole, 704-shaft shoulder, 705-shaft end retaining ring mounting groove, 706-shaft end second boss, 8-first bearing, 9-wire ring buckle, 901-wire ring buckle mounting hole, 10-second bearing, 11-sleeve, 1101-sleeve positioning hole, 12-air block, 1201-air block boss, 1202-air block block mounting hole, 13-O-ring, 14-buckle, 1401-buckle mounting hole, 1402-buckle groove, 15-seed support plate, 1501-seed support plate mounting hole, 1502-seed support plate positioning boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 18The embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure comprises: an air baffle 1, a front shell 2, a seed scraper 3, a seed pusher 4, a seed discharging disc 5, a rear shell 6, a shaft 7, a first bearing 8, a wire ring buckle 9, a second bearing 10, a sleeve 11, an air baffle 12, an O-ring 13, a buckle 14 and a seed retaining plate 15; wherein the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018 of the front shell 2, the upper side wall 2019 of the front shell 2, the seed gathering baffle 2011 of the front shell 2, the seed discharging tube 205 of the front shell 2, the rear shell 6 and the front of the front shell 2 The seeding disc 5 fixed to the shaft 7 rotates periodically in the seeding space surrounded by the end plate 2021; a plurality of U-shaped groove suction holes 502 are provided on the disc surface of the seeding disc 5, and the distances between all the U-shaped groove suction holes 502 and the shaft 7 are the same; the working order of a single seed carrying working cycle of each U-shaped groove suction hole 502 on the seeding disc 5 is the seed gathering baffle 2011, the upper side wall 2019, the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018 and the seeding tube 205; a seed unloading port 214 is provided on the seed gathering baffle 2011;

[0048] The seed gathering baffle 2011 is used to lift and gather the seed population, ensuring that slightly disturbed seeds are used as the main adsorbed seeds, thereby improving the seed filling performance of the seed meter. The distance between the seed gathering baffle 2011 and the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 is 11.5 mm;

[0049] The position where the U-groove suction hole 502 leaves the seed gathering baffle 2011 during the rotation process is the designed height of seed accumulation in the seed filling and carrying space (usually determined by the highest position where the seed entry tube 201 is connected to the seed filling and carrying space); since the seed pushing plate 4 needs to be fixed below the upper side wall 2019, the distance between the seed gathering baffle 2011 and the axis 7 is smaller than the distance between the upper side wall 2019 and the axis 7.

[0050] In this embodiment, a lower side wall 2020 is provided on the radial outer side of the seed gathering baffle 2011, and the lower side wall 2020 and the upper side wall 2019 are integrally fixed to form a cylinder wall; the seed unloading port 2014 has a side wall and extends to the lower side wall 2020 to form a seed unloading channel; the lower side wall 2020 extends to the outer side of the gradually decreasing speed increasing baffle 2018 so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper side wall 2019.

[0051] A seed suction notch 5021 is provided on the radial outer side of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502. Compared with the traditional circular hole, the air flow channel of the U-shaped groove is smoother, which is beneficial for the seeds to move toward the suction hole. At the same time, it is also beneficial to reduce turbulence and reduce energy consumption. In this embodiment, the number of evenly arranged U-shaped groove suction holes 502 is 25, the radius of the inner semicircular arc of the U-shaped suction hole is 2.5mm, the single-sided straight line length of the seed suction notch 5021 is 5mm, and a 2mm chamfer is set on one side along the edge of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 toward the front shell body 2. Since the suction hole is concave as a whole, it is beneficial for the seeds to move toward the suction hole, thereby enhancing the seed suction capacity of the seed metering device.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The front shell 2 shown includes: a seed inlet tube 201, an air baffle positioning slide groove 202, an air inlet pipe 203, a front shell mounting ear 204, a seed discharge tube 205, a seed disturbing honeycomb half-hole group 206, a seed pushing plate mounting column 207, a sealing ring mounting groove 208, a guide seed suction port 209, a seed pushing plate lower mounting column 2010, a seed gathering baffle 2011, a seed baffle plate positioning hole 2012, a circular distribution uniform air hole group 2013, a seed discharge port 2014, a buckle positioning hole 2015, a scraper mounting column 2016, a scraper mounting waist hole 2017, a gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018, a side wall 2019 on the upper side and a front end plate 2021;

[0053] The seed entry tube 201, the air inlet tube 203, the seed gathering baffle 2011, the upper side wall 2019, and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018 are all fixedly connected to the front end plate 2021. The front end plate 2021 is also provided with a scraper installation waist hole, a front shell installation ear 204, a seed interference honeycomb half hole group 206, a seed pushing plate upper mounting column 207, a sealing ring mounting groove 208, a seed pushing plate lower mounting column 2010, a seed support plate positioning hole 2012, a circular distribution uniform air hole group 2013, a buckle positioning hole 2015, a scraper installation column 2016 and a scraper installation waist hole 2017. The seed entry tube 201 and the air inlet tube 203 are located on the outside of the front end plate 2021, and the seed gathering baffle 2011, the upper side wall 2019, and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018 are all located on the inner side of the front end plate 2021 with the front end plate 2021.

[0054] The horizontal distance between the center of the circular distributed evenly distributed air hole group 2013 and the center of the front end plate 2021 is 25 mm. The setting of the circular distributed evenly distributed air hole group can disperse the large flow positive pressure air directly blown from the fan into the internal chamber of the seed metering device, avoiding excessive boiling of the seed population caused by excessively concentrated airflow directly blowing on the seed population.

[0055] The seed inlet pipe 201 connects the seed box and the lower part of the seed filling and carrying space, and the seeds enter the interior of the seed metering device through the seed inlet pipe 201; the air inlet pipe 203 connects the circularly distributed uniform air hole group 2013 and the fan (blowing source), so that the positive pressure airflow is blown into the seed filling and carrying space, and then discharged from the main air flow outlet 606 of the rear shell 6, ensuring that the seed metering device can function normally; the seed metering pipe 205 is connected to the seed filling and carrying space through the guide seed suction port 209, so one end of the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle 2018 is connected to the guide seed suction port 209 (the other end is connected to the upper side wall 2019).

[0056] The lower end of the seed discharging tube 205 is connected to the seed guide tube to complete the seed migration from the seed leaving the suction hole to the seed discharging tube path;

[0057] The scraper 3 is provided with a plurality of stepped seed-clearing bosses 302, a right positioning hole 303 of the scraper and a left positioning hole 301 of the scraper, wherein the left positioning hole 301 of the scraper is connected to the scraper mounting column 2016 by bolts, and the right positioning hole 303 of the scraper is connected to the scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017 by the scraper positioning bolts, so as to change the angle of the scraper 3 relative to the travel track of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 through the assembly position of the right positioning hole 303 of the scraper and the scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017; the sizes of the plurality of stepped seed-clearing bosses 302 are different, and the excess seeds sucked on the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 are cleared;

[0058] An air baffle 1 for sealing is provided outside the scraper mounting waist-shaped hole 2017, and the scraper positioning bolt passes through the air baffle mounting hole 101 in the center of the air baffle 1; an air baffle positioning groove 202 is also provided outside the front shell 2, and the air baffle 1 is arranged in the air baffle positioning groove 202 to better ensure the air blocking effect.

[0059] The seed-disturbance honeycomb half-hole group 206 is arranged on the inner wall of the front end plate 2021 just above the seed-discharging tube 205. The seed-disturbance honeycomb half-hole group 206 is used to generate disturbed airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorption of seeds during the seed dropping stage, reducing the adsorption force of seeds, and facilitating seed dropping; the mounting column 207 on the seed-pushing plate is connected to the positioning hole 405 on the seed-pushing plate, and the lower mounting column 2010 of the seed-pushing plate is connected to the lower positioning hole 406 of the seed-pushing plate, thereby realizing the installation and positioning of the seed-pushing plate; the sealing ring mounting groove 208 is used to place the O-ring 13. During the process of fastening the front shell 2 and the rear shell 6, the O-ring 13 is compressed to ensure that the installation gap between the front and rear shells is reliably sealed; the guiding seed suction port 209 is used to assist the air blocking block 12. Ensure the consistency of the seed placement position; the seed retaining plate positioning hole 2012 is connected to the seed retaining plate mounting hole 1501 by screws, the seed unloading port 2014 cooperates with the seed support positioning boss 1502, the buckle positioning hole 2015 is connected to the buckle mounting port 1401 of the buckle 14 by screws, and the buckle 14 is provided with a buckle groove 1402. One side of the seed retaining plate 15 is placed in the buckle groove 1402, and the other side of the seed retaining plate 15 is fixed by the seed retaining plate mounting hole 1501, so as to realize the positioning of the seed retaining plate 15 from two directions; when it is necessary to actively remove the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle 14 and the seed retaining plate 15 can be rotated in turn to open the seed unloading port to complete the seed unloading.

[0060] like Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the rear housing 6 includes: a rear housing mounting ear 601, a seed meter fixing plate 602, a bearing mounting stepped hole 603, an air blocking block mounting groove 604, an air blocking block positioning hole 605, a main air flow outlet 606, a wire ring buckle positioning hole 607 and a motor mounting base 608, wherein a bearing mounting stepped hole 603 is provided at the center of the rear housing 6, and the space in the bearing mounting stepped hole 603 is used to accommodate the first bearing 8, the shaft sleeve 11 and the second bearing 10, the inner ring of the first bearing 8, the shaft sleeve positioning hole 1101 of the shaft sleeve 11 and the inner ring of the second bearing 10 are sequentially sleeved on the shaft 7, the bearing retaining ring (not shown in the figure) arranged in the shaft end retaining ring mounting groove 705 is fitted with the inner ring of the second bearing 10, and the shaft shoulder 704 is fitted with the first bearing 8, so that the first bearing 8, the shaft sleeve 11 and the second bearing 10 are clamped at the position between the shaft shoulder 704 and the bearing retaining ring;

[0061] The first boss 702 at the shaft end is inserted into the shaft hole 501 of the seeding disc, and the seeding disc mounting column 701 is inserted into the seeding disc positioning hole 503, thereby ensuring the circumferential positioning of the seeding disc 5 to drive the seeding disc 5 to rotate, and the pin shaft is inserted into the pin hole 703, thereby fixing the seeding disc 5 at the position between the pin hole 703 and the shaft shoulder 704 to ensure the axial positioning of the seeding disc 5;

[0062] The circumferential outer side of the rear shell 6 is integrally fixed with a rear shell mounting ear 601, and the rear shell mounting ear 601 is fixed to the front shell mounting ear 204 by a wire ring buckle, which limits the circumferential freedom of the front shell 2; two wire ring buckle positioning holes 607 are opened on the rear shell 6, and the two wire ring buckle mounting holes 901 are respectively fixed to the wire ring buckle positioning hole 607 in the middle of a wire ring buckle 9 by bolts, and four buckle connecting columns 2022 are fixed to the outer periphery of the front shell 2 by the ears, wherein two buckle connecting columns 2022 form a group, and each buckle connecting column 2022 is respectively inserted into one end ring of the wire ring buckle 9, and the two wire ring buckles 9 limit the relative position of the front shell 2 and the rear shell 6. axial freedom; multiple seeding device fixing plates 602 are integrally fixed to the rear shell 6, and the seeding device fixing plates 602 are fixed to the frame of the seeding unit by bolts; the air blocking block positioning hole 605 opened on the rear shell 6 is connected with the air blocking block mounting hole 1202 on the air blocking block 12 by bolts, and the main body of the air blocking block 12 is stuck in the air blocking block mounting groove 604 to prevent displacement; the upper end of the air blocking block 12 is close to the back side of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 (the surface facing the rear shell 6) of the running track, and the upper end surface of the air blocking block 12 is located in the direction above the seeding tube 205, so that the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 loses air pressure when it travels to the air blocking block 12, and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 fall into the seeding tube 205;

[0063] The rear shell 6 is provided with a main air flow outlet 606 that penetrates the shell. The main air flow outlet 606 is connected to the atmosphere, ensuring that there is a certain pressure difference on both sides of the U-shaped groove suction hole 502, so that the U-shaped groove suction hole 502 completes seed adsorption; the motor housing is fixed to the motor mounting base 608, and the power output shaft of the motor is directly connected to the second boss 706 at the shaft end to drive the shaft 7 and the seed disc 5 to rotate.

[0064] like Figure 6 The seed pushing plate 4 shown includes: a grid plate 401, a seed passing port 402, a second seed scraper 403, a seed blocking wing plate 404, a positioning hole 405 on the seed pushing plate, a positioning hole 406 under the seed pushing plate, a seed posture adjustment plate 407 and an anti-reseeding boss 408, wherein the grid plate 401 is used as the main body of the seed pushing plate 4 to separate the seeds in the filling and carrying stage and the seeds in the seed dropping stage in the seed filling and carrying space, so that the seed population is accumulated on the side of the grid plate 401 close to the seed inlet tube 201, so as to avoid the seed population being directly discharged from the seed discharge port under the action of the airflow and causing reseeding; The seed wing plate 404, the seed posture adjustment plate 407, the second seed scraper 403 and the anti-heavy boss 408 are all fixedly connected to the grid plate 401, wherein the seed wing plate 404 and the second seed scraper 403 are arranged on the side of the seed inlet tube 201 of the grid plate 401, and the seed posture adjustment plate 407 and the anti-heavy boss 408 are arranged on the side of the seed discharge tube 205 of the grid plate 401; the upper part of the grid plate 401 is provided with a seed passing port 402, and the seed passing port 402 is used to allow the seeds pressed on the seeding disc 5 to pass through the seed pushing plate 4 to one side of the seed discharge tube;

[0065] The positioning holes 405 on the seed pushing plate and the positioning holes 406 under the seed pushing plate are respectively arranged in the middle and lower parts of the grid plate 401, and the seed pushing plate 4 is bolted and fixed to the seed pushing plate mounting column 207 and the seed pushing plate mounting column 2010 of the front shell body 2 through the positioning holes 405 on the seed pushing plate and the positioning holes 406 under the seed pushing plate; the second seed scraper 403 and the anti-heavy boss 408 remove excess seeds on the suction hole during the seed cleaning stage to ensure that only a single seed is adsorbed on each suction hole; the seed blocking wing plate 404 prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow to knock down the adsorbed seeds; the seed posture adjustment plate 407 is used to adjust the seed falling posture, and at the same time ensure that the seeds in the seed dropping stage can fall straight along the posture adjustment plate 407.

[0066] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0067] The shaft 7 is directly connected to the motor shaft via a coupling, and the motor drives it to rotate clockwise. The rotational motion is transmitted to the seeding disc 5 through the seeding disc mounting column 701.

[0068] The positive pressure airflow enters the seed metering device through the air inlet pipe 203 of the front shell 2. The accumulated seeds are lifted by the seed gathering baffle 2011, which reduces the disturbance resistance caused by the accumulation. The seeds are pressed onto the U-groove suction hole 502 by the airflow and rotate clockwise with the seed metering disc 5.

[0069] When the seeds rotate to the position of the scraper 3 along with the seed plate 5, the first seed cleaning stage is entered; at this time, the seeds contact the stepped seed cleaning boss of the scraper 3 to remove the excess seeds adsorbed on the U-groove suction hole 502.

[0070] As the seed plate 5 continues to rotate, the seeds that have completed the first stage of seed cleaning will contact the second scraper 403 and the anti-heavy boss 408 of the seed pushing plate 4, further removing the heavy-absorbed seeds remaining after seed cleaning, completing the entire seed cleaning stage and ensuring the accurate adsorption of single seeds.

[0071] After the seeds are cleared, the single seed continues to rotate with the seeding disc 5, and the seed posture adjustment plate 407 adjusts the seed adsorption posture. When the seed reaches the position of the air blocking boss 1201, the seed suction airflow is blocked. At the same time, due to the effect of the seed disturbing honeycomb half-hole group 206, the seed is quickly sucked into the guide seed suction port 209 at the designed drop position and discharged from the seeding device, completing the whole process of accurate movement of the single seed; this type of seeding device maintains the gap between various seeds on the basis of ensuring the high speed of air suction seeding, and ensures the consistency of subsequent seeding positions.

Claims

1. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device, comprising: The front shell (2), the seeding disc (5), the shaft (7) and the rear shell (6), the seeding tube (201) and the air inlet pipe (203) are located on the outside of the front end plate (2021), the seeding tube (201) is connected to the seed box and the lower part of the seed filling and carrying space, and the seeds enter the seeding device through the seeding tube (201); the air inlet pipe (203) connects the circular distributed uniform air hole group (2013) of the front shell (2) and the fan; the seeding tube (205) is connected to the seed filling and carrying space through the guiding seed suction port (209), and the lower end of the seeding tube (205) is connected to the seed guide tube; it is characterized in that the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018) of the front shell (2), the upper side wall (219) of the front shell (2), the seed gathering baffle (2011) of the front shell (2), the seeding tube (20 5), a rear shell (6) and a front plate (2021) of the front shell (2), a seed discharging plate (5) fixed to the shaft (7) rotates periodically in the seed discharging plate (5); a plurality of U-shaped groove suction holes (502) are provided on the disk surface of the seed discharging plate (5); the working sequence of the U-shaped groove suction holes (502) in the seed carrying working cycle is a seed gathering baffle (2011), an upper side wall (219), a gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018) and a seed discharging tube (205); the seed gathering baffle (2011) is used to lift and gather the seed population so that the seeds in the middle layer of the seed population are close to the U-shaped groove suction holes (502); the seed pushing plate (4) is fixed to the front shell (2), the main body of the seed pushing plate (4) is a grid plate (401), and the grid plate (401) is used to separate the seeds in the seed filling and carrying stage and the seeds in the seed dropping stage in the seed filling and carrying space.

2. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the seed collecting baffle (2011) and the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) is 11.5 mm, ensuring that slightly disturbed seeds are used as the main adsorbed seeds, thereby improving the seed filling performance of the seed metering device.

3. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A seed unloading port (214) is provided on the seed gathering baffle (211).

4. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radial outer side of the seed-gathering baffle (2011) is provided with a lower peripheral side wall (2020), and the lower peripheral side wall (2020) and the upper peripheral side wall (2019) are integrally fixed to form a cylinder wall; the seed discharge port (214) has a side wall and extends to the lower peripheral side wall (2020) to form a seed discharge channel; the lower peripheral side wall (2020) extends to the outer side of the gradually shrinking and increasing speed baffle (2018) so that both ends are integrally fixed to the upper peripheral side wall (2019); the seed-blocking support plate positioning hole (212) is connected to the seed-blocking support plate mounting hole (1501) by screws, and the seed discharge port (2014) is connected to the seed-blocking support plate positioning hole (2012). The boss (1502) cooperates with the buckle positioning hole (2015) and the buckle mounting port (1401) of the buckle (14) to be connected by screws, and the buckle (14) is provided with a buckle groove (1402), one side of the seed blocking support plate (15) is placed in the buckle groove (1402), and the other side of the seed blocking support plate (15) is fixed by the seed blocking support plate mounting hole (1501), so that the seed blocking support plate (15) is positioned from two directions; when it is necessary to actively remove the seeds inside the seed metering device, the buckle (14) and the seed blocking support plate (15) can be rotated in sequence to open the seed unloading port to complete the seed unloading.

5. The corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A seed suction notch (5021) is provided on the radial outer side of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502), and the distances between all the U-shaped groove suction holes (502) and the shaft (7) are the same.

6. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The edge line of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) is chamfered in the direction toward the front housing (2).

7. The corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front shell (2) comprises: a seed entry tube (201), an air baffle positioning slot (202), an air inlet pipe (203), a front shell mounting ear (204), a seed discharge tube (205), a seed disturbance honeycomb half-hole group (206), a seed pusher plate upper mounting column (207), a sealing ring mounting groove (208), a guide seed suction port (209), a seed pusher plate lower mounting column (2010), a seed gathering baffle (2011), a circular distributed uniform air hole group (2013), a seed discharge port (2014), a buckle positioning hole (2015), a seed scraper mounting column (2016), a seed scraper mounting waist-shaped hole (2017), a gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018), an upper side wall (2019) and a front end plate (2021); wherein the seed entry tube (201), the air inlet pipe (203), the seed gathering baffle ( 2011), the upper side wall (2019), and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018) are all fixedly connected to the front end plate (2021); the front end plate (2021) is also provided with a scraper installation waist hole, a front shell installation ear (204), a seed disturbing honeycomb half hole group (206), a seed pushing plate upper installation column (207), a sealing ring installation groove (208), a seed pushing plate lower installation column (2010), a seed support plate positioning hole (2012), a circular distribution uniform air hole group (2013), a buckle positioning hole (2015), a scraper installation column (2016), and a scraper installation waist hole (2017); wherein the seed gathering baffle (2011), the upper side wall (2019), and the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018) are all located on the inner side of the front end plate (2021) together with the front end plate (2021); One end of the gradually shrinking speed increasing baffle (2018) is connected to the seed suction guide port (209), and the other end is connected to the upper side wall (2019); The scraper (3) is provided with a plurality of stepped seed cleaning bosses (302), a right positioning hole (303) and a left positioning hole (301) of the scraper, wherein the left positioning hole (301) of the scraper is connected to the scraper mounting column (2016) by bolts, and the right positioning hole (303) of the scraper is connected to the scraper mounting waist hole (2017) by a scraper positioning bolt, so that the angle of the scraper (3) relative to the running track of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) can be changed through the assembly position of the right positioning hole (303) of the scraper and the scraper mounting waist hole (2017); An air baffle (1) for sealing is arranged outside the scraper installation waist-shaped hole (217), and the scraper positioning bolt passes through the air baffle installation hole (101) in the center of the air baffle (1); an air baffle positioning slide groove (202) is also opened outside the front shell (2), and the air baffle (1) is arranged in the air baffle positioning slide groove (202); The seed disturbing honeycomb half-hole group (206) is arranged on the inner wall of the front end plate (2021) directly above the seed discharging tube (205), and the seed disturbing honeycomb half-hole group (206) is used to generate disturbed airflow, thereby disturbing the adsorption of seeds in the seed dropping stage, reducing the adsorption force of the seeds, and facilitating seed dropping; the seed pushing plate upper mounting column (207) is connected to the seed pushing plate positioning hole (405), and the seed pushing plate lower mounting column (2010) is connected to the seed pushing plate lower positioning hole (406); the sealing ring mounting groove (208) is used to place the O-ring (13); the seed suction guide port (209) is used to assist the air blocking block (12) to ensure the consistency of the seed dropping position; the multiple stepped seed cleaning bosses (302) have different sizes and are used to remove excess seeds sucked on the U-shaped groove suction hole (502).

8. The corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed pushing plate (4) comprises: a grid plate (401), a seed passing port (402), a second seed scraper (403), a seed blocking wing plate (404), a positioning hole (405) on the seed pushing plate, a positioning hole (406) below the seed pushing plate, a seed posture adjustment plate (407) and an anti-reseeding boss (408), wherein the seed population is accumulated on a side of the grid plate (401) close to the seed inlet tube (201) to prevent the seed population from being directly discharged from the seed discharging port under the action of airflow and causing reseeding; the seed blocking wing plate (404), the seed posture adjustment plate (407), the second seed scraper (404) 03) and the anti-heavy boss (408) are integrally fixed to the grid plate (401), wherein the seed-blocking wing plate (404) and the second seed scraper (403) are arranged on one side of the seed-entry tube (201) of the grid plate (401), and the seed posture adjustment plate (407) and the anti-heavy boss (408) are arranged on one side of the seed-discharging tube (205) of the grid plate 401; the upper part of the grid plate (401) is provided with a seed-passing port (402), and the seed-passing port (402) is used to allow the seeds pressed on the seed-discharging disk (5) to pass through the seed-pushing plate (4) to one side of the seed-discharging tube; The positioning hole (405) on the seed pushing plate and the positioning hole (406) below the seed pushing plate are respectively arranged in the middle and lower parts of the grid plate (401); the seed pushing plate (4) is bolted and fixed to the seed pushing plate mounting column (207) and the seed pushing plate mounting column (2010) below the front shell (2) through the positioning hole (405) on the seed pushing plate and the positioning hole (406) on the seed pushing plate; the second seed scraper (403) and the anti-heavy boss (408) remove excess seeds on the suction hole during the seed cleaning stage; the seed blocking wing plate (404) prevents the seed population from moving upward under the action of airflow and knocking down the adsorbed seeds; the seed posture adjustment plate (407) is used to adjust the seed falling posture, and at the same time ensure that the seeds in the seed dropping stage can fall straight along the posture adjustment plate (407).

9. The corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear housing (6) comprises: a rear housing mounting ear (601), a seed meter fixing plate (602), a bearing mounting stepped hole (603), a main air flow outlet (606), a wire ring buckle positioning hole (607) and a motor mounting base (608), wherein a bearing mounting stepped hole (603) is provided at the center of the rear housing (6), and the space in the bearing mounting stepped hole (603) is used to accommodate a first bearing (8), a shaft sleeve (11) and a second bearing (10), the inner ring of the first bearing (8), the shaft sleeve positioning hole (1101) of the shaft sleeve (11) and the inner ring of the second bearing (10) are sequentially sleeved on the shaft (7), the bearing retaining ring arranged in the shaft end retaining ring mounting groove (705) is fitted with the inner ring of the second bearing (10), and the shaft shoulder (704) is fitted with the first bearing (8), so that the first bearing (8), the shaft sleeve (11) and the second bearing (10) are clamped at the position between the shaft shoulder (704) and the bearing retaining ring; The first boss (702) at the shaft end is inserted into the shaft hole (501) of the seeding disc, and the seeding disc mounting column (701) is inserted into the seeding disc positioning hole (503), thereby performing circumferential positioning of the seeding disc (5); a pin is inserted into the pin hole (703), thereby fixing the seeding disc (5) at a position between the pin hole (703) and the shaft shoulder (704), thereby ensuring axial positioning of the seeding disc (5); a main air flow outlet (606) penetrating the shell is provided on the rear shell (6), and the main air flow outlet (606) is connected to the atmosphere.

10. A corn and soybean dual-purpose pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A rear shell mounting ear (601) is integrally fixedly provided on the circumferential outer side of the rear shell (6), and the rear shell mounting ear (601) is fixedly connected to the front shell mounting ear (204) via a wire ring buckle, thereby limiting the circumferential freedom of the front shell (2); two wire ring buckle positioning holes (607) are opened on the rear shell (6), and the two wire ring buckle mounting holes (901) are respectively fixed to the wire ring buckle positioning hole (607) in the middle of a wire ring buckle (9) via bolts, and four buckle connection columns (2022) are fixed to the outer periphery of the front shell (2) via the ear, wherein two buckle connection columns (2022) form a group, and each buckle connection column (2022) is respectively inserted into an end ring of the wire ring buckle (9), and the two wire ring buckles are respectively fixed to the outer periphery of the front shell (2). (9) The relative axial freedom of the front shell (2) and the rear shell (6) is limited; the plurality of seed metering device fixing plates (602) are integrally fixed to the rear shell (6), and the seed metering device fixing plates (602) are fixed to the frame of the seed metering unit by bolts; the air blocking block positioning hole (605) opened on the rear shell (6) and the air blocking block mounting hole (1202) on the air blocking block (12) are connected by bolts; the upper end of the air blocking block (12) is closely attached to the running track of the back of the U-shaped groove suction hole (502), and the upper end surface of the air blocking block (12) is located in the direction above the seed metering tube (205), so that the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) loses air pressure when it moves to the air blocking block (12), and the seeds pressed on the U-shaped groove suction hole (502) fall into the seed metering tube (205); The housing of the motor is fixed to the motor mounting base (608), and the power output shaft of the motor is directly connected to the second boss (706) at the shaft end to drive the shaft (7) and the seeding disc (5) to rotate.

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