Green control method for tea garden spring pests

Abstract

The invention relates to a green control method for tea garden spring pests. The method comprises the following steps: (1) agricultural prevention and treatment: (1) cleaning a tea garden; (2) planting a green plant bug plant trapping belt; (3) sealing the garden with lime sulfur; (4) timely and frequently picking in batches in spring; (2) physical prevention and control: trapping and killing by using a sticky card; (3) biological control: (1) protecting and utilizing natural enemies; (2) releasing natural enemies; (4) chemical prevention and control: (1) botanical pesticide prevention and control in spring; (2) chemical prevention and treatment in autumn and winter. The method realizes economic, simple, safe and effective control of two spring pests, namely green plant bugs and tenebrio molitor, and controls the spring pests to be below a certain economic threshold value, thereby ensuring the economic benefit of spring tea and promoting healthy, efficient and sustainable production of the tea industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of green pest control in tea gardens, and in particular to a green pest control method in tea gardens in spring. Background Art

[0002] Tea trees, as one of the most widely planted economic crops in the world, are not only the raw materials for making tea, but also an indispensable part of Chinese traditional culture. However, tea trees are often invaded by various pests during their growth. These problems not only affect the yield and quality of tea, but may also damage the ecological environment of the tea garden. Therefore, tea tree pest control is a vital part of tea production.

[0003] Green stink bug, belonging to the genus Miridae of the family Miridae in the order Hemiptera, is a widely distributed pest with a wide range of hosts. It is distributed in all parts of my country except Hainan and Tibet, and mainly occurs in the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin. Green stink bug has a clear tendency to favor tender plants, and mainly harms tea buds in early spring. Green stink bugs insert their piercing-sucking mouthparts into tea buds, secrete saliva for external digestion, and the buds and leaves initially show reddish-brown thorns, and later form irregular holes as the leaves grow, causing the color of the finished tea to become less bright, more yellowish, and more bitter. Therefore, the pest of green stink bug seriously affects the quality and output value of early spring famous green tea.

[0004] Tea net bugs, belonging to the genus Crown Net Bug of the family Hemiptera, were once important pests in the tea-growing areas of the southwest. In recent years, they have gradually spread to tea-growing areas in the south and north of the Yangtze River, causing serious damage. Tea net bugs gather on the back of leaves as adults and nymphs to suck sap, causing many dense white spots on the affected leaves, and the tea trees look gray from a distance. Black mucous excrement accumulates on the back of the leaves, which can easily cause sooty mold and seriously affect the photosynthesis of tea trees. Tea net bugs have two peaks of occurrence in a year. The first peak is from March to May, which coincides with the spring tea production season. In severe cases, leaves fall off, trees become weak, tea buds germinate slowly and are small, or buds stagnate, affecting the yield and quality of early spring famous green tea.

[0005] Spring is the key season for the production of famous and high-quality teas, and it is also the most critical period for tea production to increase value and improve economic benefits. The output of spring tea accounts for about 40% to 45% of the total annual tea output, and the income of spring tea can reach 80% of the annual tea income. In recent years, green stink bugs and tea net bugs have occurred seriously in tea gardens, and both began to cause harm in March, and their harm can seriously affect spring tea production. Among them, green stink bugs are serious in tea areas such as Shandong, Hubei, and Chongqing. In the tea gardens in Chongqing tea areas that suffered the most damage in the spring of 2024, the damage rate of tea buds can reach up to 90%; tea net bugs are serious in local tea areas such as Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Chongqing, and Sichuan. For tea gardens, the prevention and control of spring pests is particularly important. Chemical control has the advantages of fast onset and convenient use, but pesticide residues will have a certain impact on human health, and long-term use of chemical pesticides will make pests resistant to drugs. When chemical pesticides are used in tea gardens in spring, in addition to the problem of pesticide residues, the safe interval after application will also affect the subsequent rounds of spring tea picking, affecting the yield and income of spring tea. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a green control method for spring pests in tea gardens. According to the management mode of tea gardens and the occurrence law of two pests, green stink bug and tea net bug, environmentally friendly measures are adopted to control them, so as to control them below a certain economic threshold, ensure the economic benefits of spring tea, and promote healthy, efficient and sustainable production of the tea industry.

[0007] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A green control method for spring pests in a tea garden, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1) Agricultural prevention and control ① Clean the tea garden: weed and clear the tea garden in time in summer and autumn; cut off the branches and leaves with eggs in winter, clear and trim the branches and leaves in time, and remove weeds; ② Planting green stink bug plant trapping belts: Planting green stink bug plant trapping belts near tea gardens; ③ Sealing the garden with lime sulfur mixture: After pruning and weeding the tea garden in winter, apply lime sulfur mixture to seal the garden; ④ Harvest in batches in time in spring; (2) Physical prevention Trapping and killing insects with sticky boards: In May and June and September and October, sticky boards are hung in tea gardens for trapping and killing insects; (3) Biological control ① Protect and utilize natural enemies: Plant plants suitable for natural enemies to live around tea gardens, and avoid spraying broad-spectrum pesticides during the breeding season and peak activity period of natural enemies; ② Release natural enemies: In late March to April each year, artificially introduce and release natural enemies for prevention and control; (4) Chemical control ① Plant-based pesticide control in spring: In April, when the number of green stink bugs is ≥ 5 per 100 branches or the number of tea net bugs is ≥ 1 per leaf, use plant-based pesticides for control; ② Chemical control in autumn and winter: From September to October, use chemical agents for emergency control.

[0008] As a further optimization, in the above-mentioned step of planting the green stink bug plant attracting belt, the attracting belt plants are selected from mung beans, cloves and / or basil.

[0009] As a further optimization, in the above-mentioned lime sulfur sealing step, the lime sulfur mixture is preferably selected as 150-200 times liquid of lime sulfur crystalline powder with an active ingredient content of 45%.

[0010] As a further optimization, in the above-mentioned insect trapping step, the insect trapping board is preferably a yellow insect trapping board and a green insect trapping board. Furthermore, the insect trapping board is set to be 667m 2 Hang 25 to 30 sheets of sticky insect boards above the tea tent, with the lower edge of the sticky insect board 20 to 30 cm above the surface of the tea tent.

[0011] As a further optimization, in the above biological control step, the above plants suitable for natural enemies to inhabit are Cassia seed, Cnidium monnieri, Rudbeckia rudbeckia, etc. The above natural enemies include military blind bugs, small flower bugs, predatory mites, ladybugs, spiders and lacewings, etc. As a further preferred embodiment, the above small flower bugs among the above natural enemies include southern small flower bugs, Ming small flower bugs, East Asian small flower bugs or / and shoulder hair small flower bugs.

[0012] As a further optimization, in the above-mentioned spring botanical pesticide control step, the above-mentioned botanical insecticide is preferably a 600-fold diluted solution of 30% tea saponin aqueous solution with an active ingredient content or a 500-fold diluted solution of 1.5% pyrethrin aqueous emulsion with an active ingredient content.

[0013] As a further optimization, in the above-mentioned autumn and winter chemical control step, the above-mentioned chemical agent is preferably sprayed with 2,000 times diluted 30% tolfenpyrad suspension concentrate with an active ingredient content, or 6,000 times diluted 10% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate with an active ingredient content, or 2,000 times diluted 24% cypermethrin suspension concentrate with an active ingredient content for control.

[0014] More specifically, the green control method for spring pests in tea gardens is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) Agricultural prevention and control ① Cleaning the tea garden: In summer and autumn, tea gardens should be weeded and cleared in time to reduce the intermediate hosts of green stink bugs and deteriorate their food environment; In winter, combined with conventional tea garden management, cut off branches and leaves with eggs, clear out the pruned branches and leaves in time, and remove weeds to reduce the number of overwintering eggs; ② Planting green stink bug plant trapping belt: Planting green bean, clove and / or basil as trapping plants near tea gardens, taking advantage of the picky feeding habits of green stink bugs, attracting adult green stink bugs to the trapping belts, combined with chemical control, can prevent green stink bugs from outside from migrating into tea gardens; ③ Sealing the garden with lime sulfur mixture: After pruning and weeding the tea garden in winter, apply lime sulfur mixture to seal the garden to reduce the number of insect sources in winter; the lime sulfur mixture is 150 to 200 times the liquid of lime sulfur crystal powder with an active ingredient content of 45%; ④ Harvest in batches in time in spring: Frequent picking in batches can reduce the number of tea buds, affecting the feeding of newly hatched nymphs of green stink bugs. Newly hatched nymphs of green stink bugs mostly live in the axils of the first leaf of tea buds. Frequent picking can take away some nymphs and reduce the number of insects in the field. (2) Physical prevention Sticky insect trapping: In the main adult occurrence period of tea net bugs and green stink bugs, from May to June and from September to October, yellow and green sticky insect trapping boards are hung in tea gardens to trap and kill tea net bugs and green stink bugs. Sticky insect trapping boards are set at 100 square feet per 667 m2. 2 Hang 25 to 30 sheets above the tea shed, with the lower edge of the sticky board 20 to 30 cm above the surface of the tea shed; (3) Biological control ① Protect and utilize natural enemies: Plant Cassia seed, Cnidium monnieri, Rudbeckia rutaecarpa and other plants around tea gardens to provide food and habitats for natural enemies; avoid spraying broad-spectrum pesticides during the breeding season and peak activity period of natural enemies, and fully protect and utilize natural enemies; ② Release natural enemies: During the peak period of the nymphs of the tea net bug and the green stink bug from late March to April each year, natural enemies are artificially introduced and released for prevention and control; The natural enemies include armyworms, predatory mites, ladybugs, spiders, lacewings, southern flower bugs, Ming flower bugs, East Asian flower bugs or / and shoulder-haired flower bugs; (4) Chemical control ① Plant-based pesticide control in spring: In April, when the nymphs of tea stink bugs and green stink bugs occur, when the number of green stink bugs is ≥ 5 per 100 branches or the number of tea stink bugs is ≥ 1 per leaf, use plant-based insecticides for control; the plant-based insecticide is a 600-fold dilution of a 30% tea saponin aqueous solution or a 500-fold dilution of a 1.5% pyrethrin aqueous emulsion; ② Chemical control in autumn and winter: From September to October, when the second peak of tea net bugs and green stink bugs return to tea gardens, chemical agents are used for spraying control; the chemical agent is a 2,000-fold dilution of a 30% tolfenpyrad suspension concentrate, or a 6,000-fold dilution of a 10% bifenthrin emulsifiable concentrate, or a 2,000-fold dilution of a 24% chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate; When implementing chemical control, different types of pesticides should be rotated to prevent and delay the development of drug resistance; when spraying, focus on the inside of the tea bush and the back of the leaves to improve the control effect.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a green control method for spring pests in a tea garden. According to the management mode of the tea garden and the occurrence law of the two pests, namely, the green stink bug and the tea net bug, environmentally friendly measures such as agricultural cultivation management, ecological regulation, biological control, physical control and precise targeting of green agents are coordinated and applied according to local conditions, so that the two spring pests, namely, the green stink bug and the tea net bug, are controlled economically, simply, safely and effectively, and the two spring pests, namely, the green stink bug and the tea net bug, are controlled below a certain economic threshold, thereby ensuring the economic benefits of spring tea and promoting healthy, efficient and sustainable production of the tea industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention is described in detail below by way of examples to provide a better understanding of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 A green control method for spring pests in a tea garden comprises the following steps: (1) Agricultural prevention and control ① Cleaning the tea garden: In summer and autumn, tea gardens should be weeded and cleared in time to reduce the intermediate hosts of green stink bugs and deteriorate their food environment; In winter, combined with conventional tea garden management, cut off branches and leaves with eggs, clear out the pruned branches and leaves in time, and remove weeds to reduce the number of overwintering eggs; ② Planting green stink bug plant trapping belt: Plant mung beans and cloves at intervals of about 2 meters around the tea garden as trap plants. Take advantage of the picky eating habits of green stink bugs to attract the adult green stink bugs to the trap. Combined with chemical control, it can prevent the adult green stink bugs from outside from migrating into the tea garden. ③ Sealing the garden with lime sulfur mixture: After pruning and weeding the tea garden in winter, apply lime sulfur mixture to seal the garden to reduce the number of insect sources in winter; the lime sulfur mixture should be 150 times the liquid of lime sulfur crystal powder with an active ingredient content of 45%; ④ Harvest in batches in time in spring: Frequent picking in batches can reduce the number of tea buds, affecting the feeding of newly hatched nymphs of green stink bugs. Newly hatched nymphs of green stink bugs mostly live in the axils of the first leaf of tea buds. Frequent picking can take away some nymphs and reduce the number of insects in the field. (2) Physical prevention Insect trapping: At the end of May and September, yellow and green insect traps were hung in the tea garden to trap and kill tea net bugs and green stink bugs. Both types of insect traps were set up every 667m. 2Hang 30 sheets; hang above the tea tent, with the lower edge of the sticky board 25 cm above the tea tent surface; (3) Biological control ① Protect and utilize natural enemies: Plant Cassia seeds, Cnidium monnieri and Rudbeckia rutaecarpa around tea gardens to provide food and habitats for natural enemies; avoid spraying broad-spectrum pesticides during the breeding season and peak activity period of natural enemies, and fully protect and utilize natural enemies; ② Release natural enemies: At the end of March each year, when the nymphs of the tea net bug and the green stink bug are in full bloom, natural enemies are artificially introduced and released for prevention and control; the natural enemies include the military stink bug, ladybug, spider, lacewing, southern flower bug and shoulder-haired flower bug; (4) Chemical control ① Spring plant-based pesticide control: In April, when the nymphs of tea net bugs and green stink bugs occur and the number of green stink bugs is ≥ 5 per 100 branches, use plant-based insecticides for control; the plant-based insecticide is a 600-fold dilution of a 30% tea saponin aqueous solution; ② Chemical control in autumn and winter: From September to October, when the second peak of tea bugs comes and green stink bugs return to tea gardens, use chemical agents for spray control; the chemical agents are 2,000 times diluted 30% tolfenpyrad suspension and 6,000 times diluted 10% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate; when implementing, rotate the above two chemical agents every 7 to 10 days to prevent and delay the development of drug resistance; when spraying, focus on the inside of the tea bush and the back of the leaves to improve the control effect.

[0018] In the specific application shown in this example, relevant data monitoring (field survey) was also carried out according to the following operations: surveys were conducted every 30 to 35 days after the application of the operation shown in this example, and 5 points were randomly selected in the tea field, 10 tea trees were inspected at each point, and the number of nymphs / adults was recorded. The records showed that the average monitoring value of the green stink bug (100-tip insects) was ≤8, and the average monitoring value of the tea net bug (100-leaf insects) was ≤10, achieving the control of the number of these two pests below a certain economic threshold.

Claims

1. A green control method for spring pests in tea gardens, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Agricultural prevention and control ① Clean the tea garden: weed and clear the tea garden in time in summer and autumn; cut off the branches and leaves with eggs in winter, clear and trim the branches and leaves in time, and remove weeds; ② Planting green stink bug plant trapping belts: Planting green stink bug plant trapping belts near tea gardens; ③ Sealing the garden with lime sulfur mixture: After pruning and weeding the tea garden in winter, apply lime sulfur mixture to seal the garden; ④ Harvest in batches in time in spring; (2) Physical prevention Trapping and killing insects with sticky boards: In May and June and September and October, sticky boards are hung in tea gardens for trapping and killing insects; (3) Biological control ① Protect and utilize natural enemies: Plant plants suitable for natural enemies to live around tea gardens, and avoid spraying broad-spectrum pesticides during the breeding season and peak activity period of natural enemies; ② Release natural enemies: In late March to April each year, natural enemies are artificially introduced and released for prevention and control; (4) Chemical control ① Plant-based pesticide control in spring: In April, when the number of green stink bugs is ≥ 5 per 100 branches or the number of tea net bugs is ≥ 1 per leaf, use plant-based pesticides for control; ② Chemical control in autumn and winter: From September to October, use chemical agents for emergency control.

2. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of planting the green stink bug plant trapping belt, the trapping belt plants are selected from mung beans, cloves and / or basil.

3. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of sealing the garden with lime sulfur, the lime sulfur mixture is selected to be 150 to 200 times liquid of lime sulfur crystal powder with an active ingredient content of 45%.

4. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the insect trapping step, the insect trapping boards are yellow insect trapping boards and green insect trapping boards.

5. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In the biological control step, the plants suitable for natural enemies to inhabit are Cassia seed, Cnidium monnieri, and Rudbeckia rudbeckia; the natural enemies include military blind bugs, small flower stink bugs, predatory mites, ladybugs, spiders, and lacewings.

6. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the spring botanical pesticide control step, the botanical insecticide is a 600-fold diluted solution of a tea saponin aqueous solution with an active ingredient content of 30% or a 500-fold diluted solution of a pyrethrin aqueous emulsion with an active ingredient content of 1.5%.

7. The green control method for spring pests in tea gardens as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: In the autumn and winter chemical control step, the chemical agent is a 2,000-fold solution of a 30% tolfenpyrad suspension concentrate with an active ingredient content, or a 6,000-fold solution of a 10% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate with an active ingredient content, or a 2,000-fold solution of a 24% cypermethrin suspension concentrate with an active ingredient content for spraying control.

8. A green control method for spring pests in tea gardens, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Agricultural prevention and control ① Cleaning the tea garden: In summer and autumn, tea gardens should be weeded and cleared in time; in winter, combined with conventional tea garden management, branches and leaves with eggs should be cut off, branches and leaves should be cleared in time, and weeds should be removed; ② Planting green stink bug plant trapping belt: Planting mung beans, cloves and / or basil near tea gardens; ③ Sealing the garden with lime sulfur mixture: After pruning and weeding the tea garden in winter, lime sulfur mixture is applied to seal the garden; the lime sulfur mixture is selected from 150-200 times of lime sulfur mixture crystal powder with an active ingredient content of 45%; ④ Harvest in batches in time in spring: Pick tea buds frequently in batches to reduce the number of tea buds; (2) Physical prevention Insect trapping: In May and June and September and October, yellow and green insect traps are hung in tea gardens to trap and kill tea net bugs and green stink bugs. The insect traps are set every 667m. 2 Hang 25 to 30 sheets above the tea shed, with the lower edge of the sticky board 20 to 30 cm above the surface of the tea shed; (3) Biological control ① Protect and utilize natural enemies: Plant Cassia seeds, Cnidium monnieri, and Rudbeckia rutaecarpa around tea gardens; avoid spraying broad-spectrum insecticides during the breeding season and peak activity period of natural enemies; ② Release natural enemies: artificially introduce and release natural enemies from late March to April every year; The natural enemies include armyworms, predatory mites, ladybugs, spiders, lacewings, southern flower bugs, Ming flower bugs, East Asian flower bugs or / and shoulder-haired flower bugs; (4) Chemical control ① Spring plant-based pesticide control: In April, when the number of green stink bugs is ≥ 5 per 100 branches or the number of tea net bugs is ≥ 1 per leaf, use plant-based insecticides for control; the plant-based insecticide is a 600-fold dilution of a 30% tea saponin aqueous solution or a 500-fold dilution of a 1.5% pyrethrin aqueous emulsion; ② Autumn and winter chemical control: From September to October, chemical agents are used for spraying control; the chemical agent is a 2,000-fold dilution of a 30% tolfenpyrad suspension concentrate, or a 6,000-fold dilution of a 10% bifenthrin emulsifiable concentrate, or a 2,000-fold dilution of a 24% chlorfenapyr suspension concentrate; When implementing chemical control, rotate different types of pesticides; when spraying, focus on the inside of the tea bush and the back of the leaves.