Sweet potato root system function separation planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for separating root functions of sweet potatoes. The planting method comprises the following specific steps: step 1, promoting base growing points of sweet potato cuttings to complete differentiation and development of fibrous root systems through water culture or a humid environment; step 2, transplanting the differentiated sweet potato cuttings absorbing fibrous root systems into wet and loose soil or a culture medium, ensuring that fibrous root systems absorb water and nutrition to meet the normal growth requirements of sweet potatoes, and after sweet potato vines grow to a certain length, carrying out air layering in an air container, adventitious roots of the sweet potato vines at the air layering position are promoted to tuberous; 3, after the sweet potato tuberous roots in the container hung in the air grow to the ornamental specification, stripping the container and the culture medium in the container to expose the inner sweet potato tuberous roots, and achieving the ornamental effect of tuberization in the air. After the sweet potato cutting bases are subjected to hydroponic induced differentiation to form absorption root systems, the sweet potato cutting bases are transplanted into loose soil and other culture media, only the absorption function is reserved, potato blocks cannot be formed through dedifferentiation, later maintenance and management are simplified, and extra manpower and material resources are not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and in particular to a planting method for separating the functions of sweet potato root systems. Background Art

[0002] Sweet potato, also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, red potato, yam, sweet potato, etc., is an annual vine herbaceous rhizome plant belonging to the Convolvulaceae family of the Tubulariaceae order. It is a creeping dual-purpose grain and feed crop. It is also a high-yield, stable-yield, disaster-resistant crop with wide adaptability, strong stress resistance, drought and barrenness resistance, and few diseases and pests. For a long time, sweet potato has been widely cultivated in various places as an important food, feed, industrial raw material and energy crop.

[0003] In recent years, with the development of sightseeing and leisure agriculture, especially ecological agricultural sightseeing parks and facility agriculture demonstration parks, "new", "strange" and "special" cultivation technologies such as "air potato production" that break the traditional sweet potato ground soil planting model have emerged. In order to ensure that the tubers concentrate their nutrients on the trellis, the functions of the sweet potato roots need to be artificially regulated and separated, that is, the underground fibrous roots are responsible for absorbing water and nutrients, and the adventitious roots between the nodes of the sweet potato vines on the ground induce the production of tubers, which grow and hang on the trellis to achieve "air potato production" for leisure and sightseeing, which has great ornamental and scientific value.

[0004] The root system of sweet potatoes can be divided into three forms: fibrous roots, woody roots and tuberous roots. In terms of physiological function differentiation, the three types of sweet potato roots are homologous and all develop from young roots. In agricultural production, there is a saying that "dry roots grow, wet roots grow, and neither dry nor wet roots grow". Therefore, the biological learning properties of sweet potatoes can be reasonably used to complete the functional separation of the sweet potato root system.

[0005] The prior art discloses a method of separating the function of the sweet potato root system by hydroponics or grafting. The hydroponics method places the young roots of sweet potatoes in a watery and humid environment, which hinders the formation of tubers and develops into an absorbing fibrous root system, thereby separating the function of the sweet potato root system. However, this method is very expensive due to the inherent defects of large investment in hydroponics facilities, continuous operation of the nutrient solution circulation day and night, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and electricity, no buffer space in the event of a power outage, and the nutrient solution is easily contaminated by microorganisms. The grafting method uses the root base of a sweet potato relative (the underground root system does not swell) as a rootstock to graft sweet potatoes to complete the separation of the root system function. The workload is large and the operation technology requirements are high.

[0006] In addition, the method of realizing sweet potato root function separation by reducing pressure and inhibiting sweet potato root formation is disclosed by utilizing the biological learning property that sweet potato root formation requires moderate pressure. Compared with hydroponic methods or grafting methods, this method is simple, easy and low-cost to realize sweet potato root function separation. However, due to the limited space in the planting tube or planting trough, the sweet potato root system is occasionally not fully developed in the later stage, and the photosynthetic product is excessive, resulting in a small amount of aerial roots entering the soil and forming tubers between the sweet potato vines near the ground and the moist ground, causing nutrient dispersion to affect the regulation effect of sweet potato root function separation to a certain extent. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a new sweet potato root function separation aerial tuber cultivation technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a planting method for separating the functions of sweet potato roots, which induces directional differentiation at the base of sweet potato cuttings to form a fibrous root system with only absorption function, and utilizes the characteristic that the fibrous root system of sweet potato cannot dedifferentiate within a short period of time after the differentiation is completed and then reversely differentiates to form sweet potato tubers, thereby realizing a cultivation technology method for separating the functions of sweet potato roots.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for planting sweet potato root function separation, the specific steps comprising: Step 1: Use hydroponics or a humid environment to encourage the base of the sweet potato cuttings to complete the absorption of the fibrous root system differentiation and development; Step 2: Transplant the sweet potato cuttings that have completed the differentiation of the fibrous root system into moist and loose soil or cultivation medium to ensure that the fibrous root system absorbs water and nutrients to meet the normal growth needs of the sweet potato. When the sweet potato vine grows to a certain length, perform air layering in an aerial container to promote the adventitious roots of the sweet potato vine at the air layering location to form tubers. Step 3: After the sweet potato tubers in the container hanging in the air have grown to ornamental size, remove the container and The tubers are exposed from the cultivation medium in the container, achieving the ornamental effect of aerial tuber formation.

[0009] Further optimization, the humid environment in step one is one of hydroponics, planting tubes, moist substrate or covering methods.

[0010] Further optimization, in step one, the adventitious roots at the base of the sweet potato cuttings differentiate into an absorbing fibrous root system, which exerts an absorbing function to supply the sweet potato plants with water and nutrients required for normal growth.

[0011] Further optimization is that the absorbed fibrous root system in step one differentiates and develops into new roots at the stem nodes at the base of the sweet potato cuttings and grows healthily.

[0012] Further optimization, the absorbing fibrous root system transplanted into the soil in step 2 is two-thirds of the entire absorbing fibrous root system, and the remaining one-third of the absorbing fibrous root system is above the ground surface.

[0013] Further optimization, the sweet potato cuttings that have completed the differentiation of the fibrous root system in step 2 are retained in situ to continue growing and developing or transplanted to other planting areas to complete subsequent growth and development, ensuring that the fibrous root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings grows well and can meet the water and fertilizer supply for the good growth of the sweet potato plants.

[0014] Further optimization is performed, and the fibrous root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings transplanted in step 2 has complete absorption function.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Simple operation and low investment. Through hydroponics and other humid environments, the internode root primordium at the base of sweet potato cuttings is induced to differentiate and develop into a fibrous root system with absorption function. The operation is simple and can be completed with only bottles, glassware / fish tanks, small sinks, etc. 2. Management is simplified. After the sweet potato cuttings are hydroponically induced to differentiate into absorbing roots, they are transplanted into soil and other cultivation media to retain the absorption function. The probability of the fibrous roots that have completed differentiation to become tubers again is less than 3%, and no additional manpower and material resources are required for later maintenance and management. 3. Time flexibility: sweet potato cuttings hydroponic rooting is not restricted by ground temperature, season, etc., and differentiation can be induced at any time; 4. Popular science and indoor greening. The method of the present invention is simple and easy to operate. Small spaces such as vegetable gardens and balconies can also achieve aerial potato production, which is beneficial for primary and secondary school students and science enthusiasts to experience the operation, and at the same time, they can experience multiple functions such as leisure and greening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the separation of the function of promoting the growth and absorption of the root system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are given. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0018] Example 1 The base of the sweet potato cuttings for transplanting is induced to differentiate and develop the absorbing root system in a humid environment through hydroponics. After appropriate treatment, the sweet potato cuttings are transplanted into loose soil together with two-thirds of the complete absorbing root system, and one-third of the absorbing root system is retained above the surface. The internodes above the root system of the sweet potato cuttings are kept at a certain distance from the ground to avoid the formation of adventitious roots in the wet ground and tuber formation, thus realizing the cultivation technology of the functional separation of the sweet potato root system. The later stage of aerial potato vine aerial layering is the same as other aerial tuber formation operations.

[0019] Example 2 The sweet potato cuttings for transplanting are induced to differentiate and develop the absorbing root system at the base of the cuttings through the moist environment of the planting tube. After appropriate treatment, the sweet potato cuttings are transplanted into the soil together with two-thirds of the complete absorbing root system, and one-third of the absorbing root system is retained above the surface. The internodes above the root system of the sweet potato cuttings are kept at a certain distance from the ground to avoid the formation of adventitious roots in the moist ground and to achieve the cultivation technology of separating the functions of the sweet potato root system. The later stage of aerial potato vine aerial layering is the same as other aerial potato operations.

[0020] Example 3 The sweet potato cuttings for transplanting are induced to differentiate and develop the absorbing root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings through a moist substrate in a moist environment. After appropriate treatment, the sweet potato cuttings are transplanted into the soil together with two-thirds of the complete absorbing root system at the base, and one-third of the absorbing root system is retained above the surface. The internodes above the root system of the sweet potato cuttings are kept at a certain distance from the ground to avoid the formation of adventitious roots in the moist ground and tuber formation, thus realizing the cultivation technology of the functional separation of the sweet potato root system. The later stage of aerial potato vine aerial layering is the same as other aerial tuber formation operations.

[0021] Example 4 For the healthy sweet potato vines growing in the conventional field or nursery, select the appropriate internodes of the stems and leaves and immerse them in water or place them in a moist substrate to induce differentiation and form an absorbing fibrous root system. Then cut them off from the mother plant and separate them into sweet potato planting cuttings with a complete absorbing fibrous root system. Transplant the sweet potato cuttings into the soil with two-thirds of the complete absorbing root system and one-third of the absorbing fibrous root system above the surface. Keep the internodes above the fibrous root system of the sweet potato cuttings at a certain distance from the ground to avoid the formation of adventitious roots in the moist ground and tuber formation, thus realizing the cultivation technology of the functional separation of the sweet potato root system. The later operation and management are the same as the conventional aerial potato vine aerial layering tuber formation.

[0022] In the present invention, after the sweet potato cuttings are hydroponically induced to differentiate into an absorbing fibrous root system, they are transplanted into a cultivation medium such as soil to retain the absorption function, and the probability of the fibrous root system dedifferentiating into tubers again is less than 3%. Nearly 60 plants were tested in the field over two years, and only 2 plants had individual adventitious roots that changed color and slightly swelled, but no tubers were formed.

[0023] The above shows and describes the main features, methods of use, basic principles and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements according to actual conditions, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Use hydroponics or a humid environment to promote the differentiation and development of the absorbing fibrous root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings; Step 2: Transplant the sweet potato cuttings that have completed the differentiation of the fibrous root system into a moist and loose soil. In the soil or cultivation medium, ensure that the fibrous root system absorbs water and nutrients to meet the normal growth needs of sweet potatoes. When the sweet potato vines grow to a certain length, perform air layering in an aerial container to promote adventitious root formation at the air layering locations of the sweet potato vines. Step 3: After the sweet potato tubers in the container hanging in the air have grown to ornamental size, peel them. The tubers inside are exposed from the container and the cultivation medium inside the container, thus achieving the ornamental effect of aerial tuber formation.

2. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The humid environment in step 1 is one of hydroponics, planting tubes, humid substrates or covering methods.

3. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the adventitious roots at the base of the sweet potato cuttings differentiate into an absorbing fibrous root system, which exerts an absorbing function to supply the sweet potato plants with water and nutrients required for normal growth.

4. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the fibrous root system is differentiated and developed into new roots at the stem nodes at the base of the sweet potato cuttings and grows healthily.

5. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbing fibrous root system transplanted into the soil in step 2 accounts for two-thirds of the entire absorbing fibrous root system, and the remaining one-third of the absorbing fibrous root system is above the ground surface.

6. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sweet potato cuttings that have completed the differentiation of the fibrous root system in step 2 are retained in situ to continue growing and developing or transplanted to other planting areas to complete subsequent growth and development, ensuring that the fibrous root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings grows well and can meet the water and fertilizer supply for the good growth of the sweet potato plants.

7. A method for planting sweet potato root function separation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fibrous root system at the base of the sweet potato cuttings transplanted in step 2 has complete absorption function.

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