Defecation assisting system for bedridden patient

Abstract

The invention provides a defecation assisting system for a bedridden patient, which is suitable for the bedridden patient after myocardial infarction and fracture, and comprises a controller, and a sickbed angle adjusting mechanism, a shank adjusting mechanism, a thigh adjusting mechanism, an excrement collecting mechanism, a warm water spraying mechanism and an audio playing device which are in communication connection with the controller. The controller controls the sickbed angle adjusting mechanism, the shank adjusting mechanism and the thigh adjusting mechanism to reach the bending angles matched with the patient at the angle adjusting speed matched with the patient according to the lying duration, the gender, the age, the disease type, the disease severity level, the maximum knee joint bending angle and the maximum thigh joint bending angle of the patient. The patient is in a customized comfortable position to defecate towards the excrement collecting mechanism; when it is detected that the patient is difficult to defecate, the warm water spraying mechanism is controlled to spray water in the specified direction, and the audio playing device is controlled to play specified audio to stimulate the patient to defecate. The defecation efficiency and success rate of the patient can be improved while the workload of medical staff is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hospital care technology, and in particular to a defecation assistance system for bedridden patients. Background Art

[0002] In reality, bedridden patients after surgery, especially those after myocardial infarction or fracture, cannot enter the bathroom on their own to defecate in a normal position due to their difficulty in walking. They need the assistance of nursing staff to complete defecation. The accompaniment of other people will cause great psychological pressure on bedridden patients. Moreover, the sudden change of living environment will also make bedridden patients resist going to the toilet, affecting their normal defecation.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a defecation assistance system to assist bedridden patients to complete defecation on their own. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a defecation assistance system for bedridden patients, which can put the patient in a customized comfortable defecation position through the use of a bed angle adjustment mechanism, a calf adjustment mechanism, and a thigh adjustment mechanism, and stimulate the patient to defecate through the use of a warm water spray mechanism and an audio playback device, so as to reduce the workload of medical staff and improve the patient's defecation efficiency and success rate.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a defecation assistance system for bedridden patients, which is suitable for bedridden patients after myocardial infarction or fracture surgery, and includes a controller, a bed angle adjustment mechanism, a calf adjustment mechanism, a thigh adjustment mechanism, a feces collection mechanism, a warm water spraying mechanism, and an audio playback device connected to the controller in communication; The controller is used to determine the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism suitable for the target patient according to the target patient's bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and maximum bending angle of the hip joint; The bed angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board based on the bending angle and angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The calf adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device based on the bending angle and the angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The thigh adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the second bed board based on the bending angle and angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The excrement collecting mechanism is used to move to a designated position and automatically open the lid after receiving a start instruction sent by the controller; the excrement collecting mechanism is provided with a weight weighing device; The controller is also used to send a water spraying instruction to the warm water spraying mechanism and an audio playing instruction to the audio playing device if the mass of feces collected by the weight weighing device does not change within a preset time, so that the warm water spraying mechanism sprays water in a specified direction and the audio playing device plays a specified audio, thereby stimulating the target patient to defecate.

[0006] In a possible implementation, the controller, when determining the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism suitable for the target patient according to the target patient's bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, knee joint maximum bending angle, and hip joint maximum bending angle, includes: Step 1: Obtain a comparison table of the severity of the target patient's disease type and the maximum elevation angle in the supine position, and search the comparison table for the maximum elevation angle X0 in the supine position corresponding to the severity of the target patient's disease; different disease types correspond to different comparison tables; Step 2: According to the bed rest time, gender, and age of the target patient, respectively determine the bed rest time coefficient a, gender coefficient b, and age coefficient c of the target patient; Step 3: The calculation result of (a×b×c×X0) is used as the first bending angle X1 of the bed angle adjustment mechanism; A1 is the maximum bending angle of the knee joint, Y1 is the most suitable bending angle of the knee joint when the patient defecates, if Y1≤A1, then Y1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism, if Y1>A1, then A1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism; A2 is the maximum bending angle of the hip joint, Y2 is the most suitable bending angle of the hip joint when the patient defecates, and the calculation result of (180-X1-Y2) is used as the third pseudo bending angle X2 of the thigh adjustment mechanism. 30 , if X 30 ≤A2, then X 30 As the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism, if X 30 >A2, then A2 is used as the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism; Step 4: According to the body part associated with the target patient's disease type and the severity level of the target patient's disease, the speed adjustment coefficients of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism are determined respectively, and the product of the speed adjustment coefficient and the initial adjustment speed is used as the first angle adjustment speed, the second angle adjustment speed, and the third angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the system further includes VR glasses and a side feature collection device that are communicatively connected to the controller; The side body feature acquisition device is used to acquire a side body image of the upper body of the target patient after obtaining authorization from the target patient, and send the side body image of the upper body to the controller; The controller is further used to extract the side face area of ​​the target patient and the generalized position of the cervical vertebra and spine of the target patient from the upper body side image; determine the facial deflection angle of the target patient according to the side face area, the straight-line distance between the side feature acquisition device and the target patient, and the installation position of the side feature acquisition device; determine the angle between the neck and the spine of the target patient according to the generalized position of the cervical vertebra and spine; determine the visual content of the target patient according to the facial deflection angle and the angle between the neck and the spine, and send the visual content to the VR glasses; The VR glasses are used to display the received visual content so as to restore a real toileting scene for the target patient.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the system further includes an abdominal probe and a display screen that are communicatively connected to the controller: The abdominal probe is equipped with a plurality of piezoelectric crystals, which are used to send ultrasonic waves to the lower abdomen of the target patient after receiving a power supply voltage, the ultrasonic waves are reflected and scattered by the lower abdomen of the target patient to generate echoes, receive the echoes and generate electrical signals corresponding to the intensity of the echoes, and send the electrical signals to the controller; The controller is also used to generate a lower abdominal ultrasound image of the target patient based on the received electrical signal, and display the lower abdominal ultrasound image through the display screen; calculate the amount of stool in the lower abdominal ultrasound image, and if the stool amount is greater than the upper limit threshold of defecation, give a prompt.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the controller is further configured to obtain the abdominal pressure of the target patient, and if the abdominal pressure is abnormal, control a player that is in communication with the controller to play health education information.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the system further includes an excrement recording device communicatively connected to the controller; The excrement recording device is used to collect excrement images, record excretion time, and send the excrement images and excretion time to the controller after the target patient completes defecation; The controller is further used to extract the color, shape and type of the excrement from the excrement image, and record the number of excretions based on the excretion time.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the system further includes an automatic drug-stopping device installed on the infusion tube, which is used to clamp the infusion tube after receiving a drug-stopping instruction to achieve automatic drug-stopping; the drug-stopping instruction is sent in the following manner: The target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection via the smart terminal held by the target patient; or, the target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection via a mechanical button; or, when the controller detects that the infusion bottle is empty, the controller sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the system further includes a pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device and a human-computer interaction mechanism that are communicatively connected to the controller; The controller is further configured to send an audio and video playback instruction to the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device after receiving the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training request instruction sent by the human-computer interaction mechanism; The pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device is used to play the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training audio and video after receiving the audio and video playing instruction.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the system also includes a myocardial oxygen consumption detection device, which is used to detect the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the target patient in real time during defecation, and calculate the myocardial oxygen consumption of the target patient based on the heart rate and systolic blood pressure. If the myocardial oxygen consumption is greater than an upper limit value, an alarm message is sent to the medical terminal.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the system further includes an emergency call device, which is used to send an alarm message to a medical terminal after receiving an emergency call instruction; the emergency call instruction is sent in the following manner: The target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the communication-connected emergency call device through the smart terminal held by the target patient; or, the target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the communication-connected emergency call device through a mechanical button.

[0015] The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in the embodiment of the present application can put the patient in a customized and comfortable defecation position through the use of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism. The use of the warm water spray mechanism and the audio playback device can clean the excretory organs and stimulate the patient to defecate. The use of this system can enable the patient to defecate independently, avoid the embarrassment of the patient during defecation, reduce the workload of medical staff, and can also restore the natural toilet angle for the patient as much as possible, thereby improving the patient's defecation efficiency and success rate.

[0016] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A flow chart of a controller for determining a bending angle and an angle adjustment speed provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 The second structural schematic diagram of the defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 4 A flowchart of a controller determining visual content of VR glasses provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the generalized position of the cervical vertebra and spine of a target patient provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] In practice, postoperative bedridden patients, especially those who have undergone myocardial infarction or fracture surgery, cannot walk to the bathroom to defecate normally. They need the assistance of nursing staff to complete defecation. The accompaniment of other staff will cause great psychological pressure on bedridden patients. In addition, the sudden change of living environment will also make bedridden patients feel reluctant to go to the toilet, affecting their normal defecation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a defecation assistance system to help bedridden patients complete defecation on their own.

[0021] Based on the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a defecation assistance system for bedridden patients. Through the use of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism, the patient can be placed in a customized and comfortable defecation position. Through the use of the warm water spray mechanism and the audio playback device, the excretory organs can be cleaned and the patient's defecation can be stimulated. The use of this system can enable the patient to defecate independently, avoid the embarrassment of the patient's defecation, reduce the workload of medical staff, and restore the natural toilet angle for the patient as much as possible, thereby improving the patient's defecation efficiency and success rate.

[0022] The defects existing in the above solutions are the results obtained by the inventor after practice and careful research. Therefore, the process of discovering the above problems and the solutions proposed by this application for the above problems below should be the contributions made by the inventor to this application during the application process.

[0023] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] See also Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in an embodiment of the present application. The system is suitable for bedridden patients with myocardial infarction and bedridden patients after fracture surgery. The system includes a controller 101, and a bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, a calf adjustment mechanism 103, a thigh adjustment mechanism 104, a feces collection mechanism 105, a warm water spraying mechanism 106, and an audio playback device 107 that are communicatively connected to the controller 101.

[0025] The controller 101 is used to determine the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 suitable for the target patient based on the target patient's bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and maximum bending angle of the hip joint.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, since the defecation assistance system for bedridden patients is designed for bedridden patients with myocardial infarction and bedridden patients after fracture surgery who require intensive care, in order to improve the accuracy of care, the system needs to provide patients with customized defecation assistance services that are adapted to their actual physical conditions, that is, the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, calf adjustment mechanism 103, and thigh adjustment mechanism 104 that match the patient's condition. Among them, the target patient is any bedridden patient after myocardial infarction, or any bedridden patient after fracture surgery; the maximum bending angle of the knee joint is the maximum bending angle of the target patient's current thigh and calf, which is determined by professional medical staff and changes dynamically with the patient's physical recovery progress; the maximum bending angle of the hip joint is the maximum bending angle of the target patient's current thigh and upper body, which is determined by professional medical staff and changes dynamically with the patient's physical recovery progress; the upper body and lower body of the target patient are placed on the first bed board and the second bed board respectively, and the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 is used to adjust the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board; the thigh and calf of the target patient are placed on the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device respectively, and the calf adjustment mechanism 103 is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device; the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the second bed board; the calf adjustment mechanism 103 and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 are installed on the bed and are detachable.

[0027] The controller 101 determines the first bending angle and first angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the second bending angle and second angle adjustment speed of the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the third bending angle and third angle adjustment speed of the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 suitable for the target patient according to the target patient's current actual physical condition (bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and maximum bending angle of the hip joint), and sends a first control instruction carrying the first bending angle and the first angle adjustment speed to the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, sends a second control instruction carrying the second bending angle and the second angle adjustment speed to the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and sends a third control instruction carrying the third bending angle and the third angle adjustment speed to the thigh adjustment mechanism 104.

[0028] Optionally, the medical staff may formulate a correspondence table between the actual physical condition of the patient and the bending angles and angle adjustment speeds of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 according to actual work experience. According to the correspondence, the first bending angle, the first angle adjustment speed, the second bending angle, the second angle adjustment speed, the third bending angle, and the third angle adjustment speed that match the actual physical condition of the target patient are determined.

[0029] The bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 is used to adjust the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board based on the bending angle and the angle adjustment speed sent by the controller 101. After receiving the first control instruction sent by the controller 101 and carrying the first bending angle and the first angle adjustment speed, the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 adjusts the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board to the first bending angle at the first angle adjustment speed.

[0030] The calf adjustment mechanism 103 is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device based on the bending angle and the angle adjustment speed sent by the controller 101. After receiving the second control instruction sent by the controller 101 and carrying the second bending angle and the second angle adjustment speed, the calf adjustment mechanism 103 adjusts the angle between the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device to the second bending angle at the second angle adjustment speed.

[0031] The thigh adjustment mechanism 104 is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the second bed board based on the bending angle and the angle adjustment speed sent by the controller 101. After receiving the third control instruction sent by the controller 101 and carrying the third bending angle and the third angle adjustment speed, the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 adjusts the angle between the thigh fixing device and the second bed board to the third bending angle at the third angle adjustment speed.

[0032] The excrement collecting mechanism 105 is used to move to a designated position and automatically open the lid after receiving a start instruction sent by the controller 101; the excrement collecting mechanism 105 is provided with a weight measuring device, wherein the weight measuring device is any device capable of weighing the mass of an object.

[0033] The controller 101 is also used to send a water spraying instruction to the warm water spraying mechanism 106 and an audio playing instruction to the audio playing device 107 if the mass of feces collected by the weight weighing device does not change within a preset time, so that the warm water spraying mechanism 106 sprays water in a specified direction and the audio playing device 107 plays a specified audio, thereby stimulating the target patient to defecate.

[0034] If the stool mass collected by the weight weighing device does not change within the preset time, it is determined that the target patient has difficulty defecating, and defecation promotion services are required for the target patient. Specifically, the warm water spraying mechanism 106 is controlled to spray water in the specified direction (anus), and the audio playback device 107 is controlled to play the specified defecation promotion audio, thereby stimulating the target patient to defecate quickly and improving the patient's defecation efficiency and success rate. The above preset time can be set according to actual conditions, for example, 5 minutes.

[0035] The controller 101 is also used to control the feces collection mechanism 105 to move to the initial position after the target patient finishes defecating, and control the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 to restore to the initial angles at the first angle adjustment speed, the second angle adjustment speed, and the third angle adjustment speed, respectively. For example, the initial angle of the calf adjustment mechanism 103 is 180 degrees, the initial angle of the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 is 0 degrees, and the initial angle of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 is any supine position angle of the target patient before defecating.

[0036] The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in the embodiment of the present application can put the patient in a customized comfortable defecation position through the use of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104. The patient's defecation can be stimulated through the use of the warm water spraying mechanism 106 and the audio playback device 107. The use of this system can enable the patient to defecate independently, avoid the embarrassment of the patient when defecating in the presence of outsiders, and at the same time reduce the workload of medical staff, try to restore the natural toilet angle for the patient, and improve the patient's defecation success rate.

[0037] As an optional implementation, see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A flowchart of a controller 101 determining a bending angle and an angle adjustment speed is provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the controller 101 adopts the following steps to determine the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102, the calf adjustment mechanism 103, and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 suitable for the target patient: S101: Obtain a comparison table of the severity level of the target patient's disease type and the maximum elevation angle in the supine position, and search the comparison table for the maximum elevation angle X0 in the supine position corresponding to the severity level of the target patient's disease.

[0038] For each type of symptom, medical staff develop a correspondence table between the maximum elevation angle of the patient's supine position and the severity of the symptom based on actual work experience. For example, for patients with severe myocardial infarction, the maximum elevation angle of the supine position is 15 degrees; for patients with moderate myocardial infarction, the maximum elevation angle of the supine position is 45 degrees; for patients with mild myocardial infarction, the maximum elevation angle of the supine position is 70 degrees. Medical staff develop a correspondence table for each type of symptom, and different types of symptoms correspond to different comparison tables. Obtain the correspondence table of the target patient's symptom type, and find the maximum elevation angle X0 of the supine position corresponding to the severity of the target patient's symptom from the correspondence table.

[0039] S102: According to the bed rest time, gender, and age of the target patient, a bed rest time coefficient a, a gender coefficient b, and an age coefficient c of the target patient are determined respectively.

[0040] Medical staff formulate the corresponding relationship between bed rest time and bed rest time coefficient a based on actual work experience. For example, for one day of bed rest, the bed rest time coefficient a is 0.8; for two days of bed rest, the bed rest time coefficient a is 0.9; for three days or more of bed rest, the bed rest time coefficient a is 1. Formulate the corresponding relationship between gender and gender coefficient b. For example, the gender coefficient b of women is 1; the gender coefficient b of men is 0.95. Formulate the corresponding relationship between age and age coefficient c. For example, for patients under 30 years old, the age coefficient c is 1; for patients between 30 and 45 years old, the age coefficient c is 0.9; for patients between 45 and 60 years old, the age coefficient c is 0.9; for patients between 60 and 80 years old, the age coefficient c is 0.85; for patients over 80 years old, the age coefficient c is 0.8. By setting the bed rest time coefficient a, gender coefficient b, and age coefficient c, the supine position angle can be lowered for elderly patients who have just completed surgery to avoid physical discomfort during defecation.

[0041] S103: The calculation result of (a×b×c×X0) is used as the first bending angle X1 of the bed angle adjustment mechanism; A1 is the maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and Y1 is the most suitable bending angle of the knee joint when the patient defecates. If Y1≤A1, Y1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism; if Y1>A1, A1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism; A2 is the maximum bending angle of the hip joint, and Y2 is the most suitable bending angle of the hip joint when the patient defecates. The calculation result of (180-X1-Y2) is used as the third pseudo bending angle X2 of the thigh adjustment mechanism. 30 , if X 30 ≤A2, then X 30 As the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism, if X 30 >A2, then A2 is used as the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism.

[0042] S104: Determine the speed adjustment coefficients of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism respectively according to the body part associated with the target patient's disease type and the severity level of the target patient's disease, and use the product of the speed adjustment coefficient and the initial adjustment speed as the first angle adjustment speed, the second angle adjustment speed, and the third angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism.

[0043] The associated body part is determined according to the disease type of the target patient. For example, the body part associated with the calf fracture surgery is the calf, the body part associated with the myocardial infarction surgery is the trunk, the body part associated with the kneecap surgery is the thigh and calf, the body part associated with the thigh fracture surgery is the thigh, and the body part associated with the rib fracture surgery is the trunk; if the body part associated with the disease type is related to the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 (abdomen), the calf adjustment mechanism 103 (calf or thigh), and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 (thigh or abdomen), then the initial speed adjustment coefficient (value is 1) of the mechanism is adjusted according to the severity of the disease. For example, for a patient with severe myocardial infarction, the affected part is in the trunk, the body part associated with the disease type is the trunk, the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 are related to the trunk, and the calf adjustment mechanism 103 is not related to the trunk. Therefore, the speed adjustment coefficients of the bed angle adjustment mechanism 102 and the thigh adjustment mechanism 104 are adjusted to 0.6, and the speed adjustment coefficient of the calf adjustment mechanism 103 is still 1. The specific situation of the speed adjustment coefficient adjustment is set by the medical staff according to actual work experience. Finally, the product of the initial adjustment speed and the speed adjustment coefficient of each mechanism is used as the adjustment speed of the corresponding mechanism. The initial adjustment speed of the mechanism is set and adjusted by professionals according to actual conditions.

[0044] See also Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The second structural diagram of the defecation assistance system for bedridden patients provided in an embodiment of the present application, the system also includes VR glasses 108 and a side feature acquisition device 109 that are communicatively connected to the controller 101.

[0045] The side body feature acquisition device 109 is used to acquire the side body image of the upper body of the target patient after obtaining the authorization of the target patient, and send the side body image of the upper body to the controller 101 .

[0046] In order to protect the privacy of the patient, it is necessary to collect the upper body side image of the target patient after obtaining the consent of the target patient, and the image collection range of the side feature collection device 109 is limited to the upper body area of ​​the target patient, more precisely, to the head, neck, and part of the upper torso of the target patient.

[0047] Optionally, the side feature acquisition device 109 is any image acquisition device, such as a digital camera, a video recorder, or an intelligent terminal with a camera.

[0048] The controller 101 is also used to determine the visual content of the VR glasses 108. Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4A flowchart of a controller 101 determining visual content of VR glasses 108 is provided in an embodiment of the present application. The controller 101 determines the visual content of VR glasses 108 by using the following steps: S401: Extracting the side face area of ​​the target patient and the generalized positions of the cervical vertebrae and spine of the target patient from the upper body side image.

[0049] In order to reduce the amount of computation required for image feature extraction and improve data processing efficiency, the embodiment of the present application calculates the facial deflection angle based on the patient's side face area, and calculates the angle between the neck and the back based on the generalized positions of the cervical spine and the back. Specifically, the facial contour of the target patient in the upper body side view image is collected, and the area of ​​the facial contour is calculated as the side face area; the cervical spine area and the back area in the upper body side view image are identified, and the cervical spine area and the back area are generalized to obtain the generalized position, see Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the generalized position of the cervical spine and back of a target patient provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 In the figure, the line between points K1 and K2 represents the generalized position of the cervical vertebra (cervical vertebra vector), and the line between points K2 and K3 represents the generalized position of the spine (spinal vector).

[0050] S402: Determine the facial deflection angle of the target patient according to the side face area, the straight-line distance between the side body feature acquisition device and the target patient, and the installation position of the side body feature acquisition device.

[0051] The scale is determined according to the straight-line distance between the side feature acquisition device 109 and the target patient, and the full facial area of ​​the target patient is determined according to the scale. The proposed deflection angle is determined according to the proportion of the side face area to the full facial area. For example, the side feature acquisition device 109 is deflected 45 degrees. The deflection direction is determined according to the installation position of the side feature acquisition device 109. For example, if the side feature acquisition device 109 is installed on the south side of the bed, it is determined that the head of the target patient is deflected 45 degrees to the south.

[0052] S403: Determine the angle between the neck and spine of the target patient according to the generalized positions of the cervical vertebrae and spine.

[0053] See also Figure 5 As shown, the included angle α between the generalized position of the cervical spine (cervical spine vector) and the generalized position of the spine (spinal vector) of the target patient is determined as the angle between the neck and spine of the target patient.

[0054] S404: Determine the visible content of the target patient according to the facial deflection angle and the angle between the neck and the spine.

[0055] In reality, when a person lowers or turns his head, the visual content will change. Based on the facial deflection angle and the angle between the neck and spine, the visual content of the target patient in the simulated bathroom is determined. For example, when the patient looks straight ahead, the visual content may be the toilet wall, the objects hanging on the wall, the washbasin in the bathroom, etc.; when the patient looks up, the visual content is the bathroom lights, exhaust, ceiling, etc.

[0056] S405: Send the visual content to the VR glasses.

[0057] The VR glasses 108 are used to display the received visual content so as to restore a real toileting scene for the target patient. Optionally, the VR glasses 108 are glasses-shaped display screens that can present 3D visual effects.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application uses VR glasses 108 to provide patients with a real toilet scene. Therefore, it is necessary to collect the patient's facial deflection angle and the angle between the neck and spine to determine the visual content within the patient's field of vision, and then simulate the toilet environment for the patient through VR glasses 108, thereby improving toilet efficiency.

[0059] As a possible implementation, the system further includes an abdominal probe and a display screen that are communicatively connected to the controller: The abdominal probe is equipped with multiple piezoelectric crystals, which are used to send ultrasonic waves to the lower abdomen of the target patient after receiving the power supply voltage. The ultrasonic waves generate echoes after being reflected and scattered by the lower abdomen of the target patient, receive the echoes and generate electrical signals corresponding to the intensity of the echoes, and send the electrical signals to the controller.

[0060] The controller is also used to generate a lower abdominal ultrasound image of the target patient based on the received electrical signal, and display the lower abdominal ultrasound image through the display screen; calculate the amount of stool in the lower abdominal ultrasound image, and if the stool amount is greater than the upper limit threshold of defecation, give a prompt.

[0061] Ultrasound is used to image various parts of the body. The frequencies of ultrasound used for medical imaging are usually higher than human hearing, about 2-20MHz (megahertz). To use ultrasound to find things, you first need to generate vibrations that will propagate through the patient's tissues. There is a special material called a "piezoelectric crystal". When voltage is applied to a piezoelectric crystal, it expands; when the voltage is removed, it contracts back to its original thickness. If the voltage is repeatedly and quickly applied and removed, the piezoelectric crystal will expand and relax rapidly, generating ultrasound waves. When the returning sound wave (echo) hits the piezoelectric crystal, it is compressed and generates an electrical signal (voltage) corresponding to the intensity of the ultrasound wave that hit it.

[0062] The abdominal probe is equipped with a large number of single piezoelectric crystals. The abdominal probe sends ultrasonic waves to the lower abdomen of the target patient, mainly to the intestinal position of the target patient, and sends the received electrical signals to the controller for processing to generate a lower abdominal ultrasonic image, which is displayed on the display screen. The percentage of the stool area to the overall area in the lower abdominal ultrasonic image is calculated to obtain the current stool volume of the target patient. If the stool volume is greater than the upper threshold for defecation, a voice prompt is given or a prompt is given on the display screen.

[0063] As a possible implementation manner, the controller is also used to obtain the abdominal pressure of the target patient, and if the abdominal pressure is abnormal, control a player that is communicatively connected to the controller to play health education information.

[0064] Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) refers to the abdominal pressure around the bladder, which is normally zero or slightly lower than atmospheric pressure. Indirect measurement refers to the pressure in the stomach, bladder, and rectum to reflect the intra-abdominal pressure. Among them, bladder pressure measurement is widely used in clinical practice and is currently recognized as the "gold standard" for indirect measurement of IAP. It can timely detect increased abdominal pressure and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) caused by factors such as congestion, edema, and bleeding of abdominal organs, and avoid multiple organ dysfunction or even failure due to reduced perfusion pressure in various tissues and organs of the body. The patient takes a supine position and is operated under aseptic conditions. The catheter is inserted into the bladder through the urethra, and the homemade drainage bag is connected to the catheter. The bladder is emptied first, and the drainage bag is closed with a tee. 25 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection is injected into the catheter from the other end of the tee. Then a disposable infusion set is connected to the water injection port of the tee, so that the catheter is connected to the atmosphere through the infusion set. The mid-axillary line is the zero plane, and the height of the water column is the intra-abdominal pressure. The pressure value is in cmH2O, and the average value of 3 measurements is taken. After the measurement, the catheter is connected to the drainage bag with a tee, and the urine volume is continued to be monitored. The infusion set is removed and closed with a heparin cap. The measured abdominal pressure of the target patient is introduced into the controller. If the abdominal pressure exceeds the upper limit of normal abdominal pressure, the abdominal pressure of the target patient is judged to be abnormal. The controller sends instructions to the player to control the player to play the pre-stored health education information.

[0065] Health education information includes: the importance of maintaining smooth bowel movements for patients with acute myocardial infarction, and related knowledge: ① Due to the characteristics of the disease itself, patients with acute myocardial infarction, such as suddenly requiring patients to remain in bed, gradually slow down intestinal motility, which can easily induce constipation; ② Some patients are not used to defecating in bed and instinctively avoid regular bowel movements, which can easily lead to constipation; ③ The use of analgesics (morphine, pethidine, etc.) can inhibit or weaken gastrointestinal motility and relax the intestinal wall muscles, which can induce or aggravate constipation.

[0066] As a possible implementation, the system also includes an excrement recording device communicatively connected to the controller; the excrement recording device is used to collect excrement images, record excretion time, and send the excrement images and the excretion time to the controller after the target patient completes defecation; the controller is also used to extract the color, shape, and type of the excrement from the excrement image, and record the number of excretions based on the excretion time.

[0067] In practice, medical staff need to inquire about the patient's defecation situation as evidence of the patient's recovery. The present application embodiment uses an excrement recording device and a controller to analyze the patient's excrement color, shape, type (stool, urine) and excretion frequency. Optionally, the excrement recording device is a camera with a timing function, and the collected excrement image has a time watermark.

[0068] As a possible implementation, the system further includes an automatic drug-stopping device installed on the infusion tube, which is used to clamp the infusion tube after receiving a drug-stopping instruction to achieve automatic drug-stopping.

[0069] Specifically, the drug discontinuation instruction is sent in the following manner: Method 1: The target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device connected to the communication via the smart terminal held by the target patient; Method 2: The target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device connected to the communication via a mechanical button; Method 3: When the controller detects that the infusion bottle is empty, it sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device connected to the communication.

[0070] Optionally, the automatic drug-stopping device can be an electric clamp that is clamped on the infusion tube. After receiving the drug-stopping instruction, it contracts and clamps the infusion tube to achieve automatic drug-stopping, thereby protecting the patient's safety, reducing the urgency of the nursing staff, and avoiding medical accidents.

[0071] As a possible implementation, the system also includes a pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device and a human-computer interaction mechanism that are communicatively connected to the controller; the controller is also used to send an audio and video playback instruction to the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device after receiving a pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training request instruction sent by the human-computer interaction mechanism; the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device is used to play the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training audio and video after receiving the audio and video playback instruction.

[0072] In practice, the defecation process requires the participation of the pelvic floor muscles. Therefore, in order to enable patients to use the toilet efficiently, patients can be assisted in training the pelvic floor muscles. The pelvic floor muscle training requirements are recorded into pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training audio and video. After receiving the patient's training request, the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training audio and video are played. Optionally, the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device is any device with audio and video playback functions.

[0073] As a possible implementation, the system also includes a myocardial oxygen consumption detection device, which is used to detect the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the target patient in real time during defecation, and calculate the myocardial oxygen consumption of the target patient based on the heart rate and systolic blood pressure. If the myocardial oxygen consumption is greater than an upper limit value, an alarm message is sent to the medical terminal.

[0074] In practice, difficulty in defecation may cause physical discomfort to the patient. Therefore, the patient's physical condition needs to be monitored during defecation. Specifically, myocardial oxygen consumption is monitored. Myocardial oxygen consumption is equal to the product of heart rate and systolic blood pressure. If myocardial oxygen consumption is greater than the upper limit, the patient's body may be abnormal, and an alarm message will be automatically sent to the medical terminal. The alarm message carries the target patient's name and bed number. Optionally, the myocardial oxygen consumption detection device is a multifunctional electrocardiogram monitor.

[0075] As a possible implementation, the system further includes an emergency call device for sending an alarm message to a medical terminal after receiving an emergency call instruction.

[0076] Specifically, the emergency call instruction is sent in the following manner: Method 1: The target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the emergency call device connected to the communication via the smart terminal held by the target patient; Method 2: The target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the emergency call device connected to the communication via a mechanical button.

[0077] The auxiliary system provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed for patients to use the toilet independently. If an emergency occurs during the patient's use of the toilet and there is no caregiver around the patient, danger may occur. Therefore, an emergency call device is added to the auxiliary system to provide protection for the patient's safety.

[0078] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the present application, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A defecation assistance system for bedridden patients, characterized in that: The system is suitable for bedridden patients after myocardial infarction or fracture surgery, and includes a controller, a bed angle adjustment mechanism, a calf adjustment mechanism, a thigh adjustment mechanism, a feces collection mechanism, a warm water spraying mechanism, and an audio playback device connected to the controller in communication; The controller is used to determine the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism suitable for the target patient according to the target patient's bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and maximum bending angle of the hip joint; The bed angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the first bed board and the second bed board based on the bending angle and angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The calf adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the calf fixing device based on the bending angle and the angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The thigh adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the thigh fixing device and the second bed board based on the bending angle and angle adjustment speed sent by the controller; The excrement collecting mechanism is used to move to a designated position and automatically open the lid after receiving a start instruction sent by the controller; the excrement collecting mechanism is provided with a weight weighing device; The controller is also used to send a water spraying instruction to the warm water spraying mechanism and an audio playing instruction to the audio playing device if the mass of feces collected by the weight weighing device does not change within a preset time, so that the warm water spraying mechanism sprays water in a specified direction and the audio playing device plays a specified audio, thereby stimulating the target patient to defecate.

2. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller, when determining the bending angle and angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism suitable for the target patient according to the target patient's bed rest time, gender, age, disease type, disease severity level, maximum bending angle of the knee joint, and maximum bending angle of the hip joint, includes: Step 1: Obtain a comparison table of the severity of the target patient's disease type and the maximum elevation angle in the supine position, and search the comparison table for the maximum elevation angle X0 in the supine position corresponding to the severity of the target patient's disease; different disease types correspond to different comparison tables; Step 2: According to the bed rest time, gender, and age of the target patient, respectively determine the bed rest time coefficient a, gender coefficient b, and age coefficient c of the target patient; Step 3: The calculation result of (a×b×c×X0) is used as the first bending angle X1 of the bed angle adjustment mechanism; A1 is the maximum bending angle of the knee joint, Y1 is the most suitable bending angle of the knee joint when the patient defecates, if Y1≤A1, then Y1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism, if Y1>A1, then A1 is used as the second bending angle X2 of the calf adjustment mechanism; A2 is the maximum bending angle of the hip joint, Y2 is the most suitable bending angle of the hip joint when the patient defecates, and the calculation result of (180-X1-Y2) is used as the third pseudo bending angle X2 of the thigh adjustment mechanism. 30 , if X 30 ≤A2, then X 30 As the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism, if X 30 >A2, then A2 is used as the third bending angle X3 of the thigh adjustment mechanism; Step 4: According to the body part associated with the target patient's disease type and the severity level of the target patient's disease, the speed adjustment coefficients of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism are determined respectively, and the product of the speed adjustment coefficient and the initial adjustment speed is used as the first angle adjustment speed, the second angle adjustment speed, and the third angle adjustment speed of the bed angle adjustment mechanism, the calf adjustment mechanism, and the thigh adjustment mechanism.

3. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes VR glasses and a side feature collection device that are communicatively connected to the controller; The side body feature acquisition device is used to acquire a side body image of the upper body of the target patient after obtaining authorization from the target patient, and send the side body image of the upper body to the controller; The controller is further used to extract the side face area of ​​the target patient and the generalized position of the cervical vertebra and back of the target patient from the side face image of the upper body; determine the facial deflection angle of the target patient according to the side face area, the straight-line distance between the side face feature acquisition device and the target patient, and the installation position of the side face feature acquisition device; determine the angle between the neck and back of the target patient according to the generalized position of the cervical vertebra and back; Determine the visual content of the target patient according to the facial deflection angle and the angle between the neck and the spine, and send the visual content to the VR glasses; The VR glasses are used to display the received visual content so as to restore a real toileting scene for the target patient.

4. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an abdominal probe and a display screen in communication with the controller: The abdominal probe is equipped with a plurality of piezoelectric crystals, which are used to send ultrasonic waves to the lower abdomen of the target patient after receiving a power supply voltage, the ultrasonic waves are reflected and scattered by the lower abdomen of the target patient to generate echoes, receive the echoes and generate electrical signals corresponding to the intensity of the echoes, and send the electrical signals to the controller; The controller is also used to generate a lower abdominal ultrasound image of the target patient based on the received electrical signal, and display the lower abdominal ultrasound image through the display screen; calculate the amount of stool in the lower abdominal ultrasound image, and if the stool amount is greater than the upper limit threshold of defecation, give a prompt.

5. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is also used to obtain the abdominal pressure of the target patient, and if the abdominal pressure is abnormal, control the player that is in communication with the controller to play health education information.

6. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an excrement recording device communicatively connected to the controller; The excrement recording device is used to collect excrement images, record excretion time, and send the excrement images and excretion time to the controller after the target patient completes defecation; The controller is further used to extract the color, shape and type of the excrement from the excrement image, and record the number of excretions based on the excretion time.

7. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an automatic drug-stopping device installed on the infusion tube, which is used to clamp the infusion tube after receiving a drug-stopping instruction to achieve automatic drug-stopping; The drug withdrawal instruction is sent in the following manner: The target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection via the smart terminal held by the target patient; or, the target patient sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection via a mechanical button; or, when the controller detects that the infusion bottle is empty, the controller sends the discontinuation instruction to the automatic discontinuation device in communication connection.

8. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device and a human-computer interaction mechanism that are communicatively connected to the controller; The controller is further configured to send an audio and video playback instruction to the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device after receiving the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training request instruction sent by the human-computer interaction mechanism; The pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training device is used to play the pelvic floor muscle auxiliary training audio and video after receiving the audio and video playing instruction.

9. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a myocardial oxygen consumption detection device, which is used to detect the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the target patient in real time during defecation, and calculate the myocardial oxygen consumption of the target patient based on the heart rate and systolic blood pressure. If the myocardial oxygen consumption is greater than an upper limit value, an alarm message is sent to the medical terminal.

10. The defecation assistance system for bedridden patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an emergency call device for sending an alarm message to a medical terminal after receiving an emergency call instruction; The emergency call instruction is sent in the following manner: The target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the communication-connected emergency call device through the smart terminal held by the target patient; or, the target patient sends the emergency call instruction to the communication-connected emergency call device through a mechanical button.

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