Heat pump rectification equipment and rectification method based on sectional type

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rectification equipment, and discloses heat pump rectification equipment and a sectional rectification method, the heat pump rectification equipment comprises a rectification mounting frame and a rectification tower, the rectification tower is fixedly mounted in the rectification mounting frame, and a plurality of overflow tower plates are mounted in the rectification tower. When the pressure intensity in the rectifying tower changes, the lifting connecting rod can be driven to move up and down through the filtering mechanism, the overflow partition plate can be driven to move up and down when the lifting connecting rod moves up and down, and the steam pipeline can be driven to move up and down when the overflow partition plate moves up and down; when the steam pipeline moves downwards, the size of the opening in the side face can be increased, the circulation amount of steam is increased, when the steam pipeline moves upwards, the opening in the side face is reduced, the circulation amount of the steam is reduced, and the size of the opening of the steam pipeline can be adjusted according to the air pressure in the rectifying tower. Therefore, excessive entrainment is prevented from being generated in the rectification process to influence the concentration of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of distillation equipment, in particular to a heat pump distillation equipment and a segmented distillation method. Background Art

[0002] Distillation is a separation device that uses the different volatilities and boiling points of substances in a mixture. During the production process, distillation equipment is mainly used to separate impurities in a mixture and improve the purity of the solution.

[0003] Chinese patent CN105218315B discloses a method for refining methanol using a dividing wall distillation tower combined with a heat pump, comprising the following steps: preheating crude methanol and passing it into a dividing wall distillation tower with a common stripping section for distillation treatment; obtaining light component impurities at the top of the feed side tower, and extracting them after condensation; obtaining heavy component impurities containing non-volatile impurities at the bottom of the tower; obtaining refined methanol vapor at the top of the non-feed side tower, and the refined methanol vapor is pressurized by a heat pump to increase the energy grade and then used as a heat source for a reboiler of the dividing wall distillation tower, and refined methanol is obtained after heat exchange condensation.

[0004] In the above patents and prior art, liquid and gas need to be in countercurrent contact during the distillation process, and mist will be generated during the rising process of the gas. The generated mist vapor enters the condensation section, and when the mist enters the condensation section, it will reduce the concentration of the product and affect the overall quality of the product. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a heat pump distillation device and a segmented distillation method.

[0006] A heat pump distillation device and a segmented distillation method, comprising a distillation mounting frame and a distillation tower, wherein the distillation mounting frame is fixedly mounted with a distillation tower, a plurality of overflow plates are mounted inside the distillation tower, a filtering mechanism is mounted inside the distillation tower, a heating cylinder is fixedly mounted inside the distillation mounting frame, a preheating cylinder is connected to one side of the distillation tower, a feeding cylinder is mounted inside the distillation mounting frame, a condensing cylinder is mounted on the top of the distillation mounting frame, a heat exchange cylinder is connected to the bottom of the condensing cylinder, and a heat pump is mounted inside the distillation mounting frame; The bottom of the distillation tower is connected to the bottom of the heating cylinder, the top of the distillation tower is connected to the condensing cylinder, the sides of the distillation tower are connected to the preheating cylinder and the heating cylinder respectively, and the connection between the distillation tower and the preheating cylinder is higher than the connection between the distillation tower and the heating cylinder; The two interfaces of the heat pump are respectively connected to the bottom of the heat exchange cylinder and the bottom of the preheating cylinder, and the heat exchange cylinder and the preheating cylinder are fixedly installed inside the distillation mounting frame; The solution inside the feed cylinder can enter the interior of the distillation tower through the preheating cylinder, the heat pump can preheat the solution inside the preheating cylinder by lowering the temperature inside the heat exchange cylinder, the solution inside the preheating cylinder enters the interior of the distillation tower and then flows through the overflow plate and enters the bottom of the distillation tower, the solution inside the distillation tower enters the heating cylinder, the heating cylinder can heat the internal solution to make it evaporate and enter the interior of the distillation tower, the steam inside the distillation tower passes upward through the filtering mechanism and enters the interior of the condensing cylinder, and the finely filtered solution inside the condensing cylinder then enters the interior of the heat exchange cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the overflow tower plate includes an overflow plate, which is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower, an overflow baffle is fixedly installed inside the overflow plate, an overflow partition plate is slidably installed inside the overflow baffle, a plurality of solution pipes are fixedly installed inside the overflow partition plate, a solution dispersion cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the solution pipe, a solution descending outlet is opened on the outside of the solution dispersion cylinder, a steam pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate, a steam blocking column is slidably installed inside the steam pipe, a blocking fixing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the steam blocking column, and a lifting connecting rod is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate.

[0008] Preferably, the plurality of overflow plates are equidistantly distributed inside the distillation tower, two adjacent overflow plates are fixedly connected by a lifting connecting rod, the plurality of overflow partition plates are connected by a lifting connecting rod, and the lifting connecting rod on the top overflow plate is connected to the filtering mechanism; When one overflow partition plate moves up and down inside the overflow baffle, it can synchronously drive multiple overflow partition plates to move up and down. When the overflow partition plate moves up and down, it can synchronously drive multiple solution dispersion cylinders to move up and down through the solution pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the plurality of solution pipes are evenly distributed inside the overflow partition plate, the bottoms of the plurality of solution pipes are connected to the same solution dispersion cylinder, the solution dispersion cylinder is connected to the upper part of the overflow partition plate through the plurality of solution pipes, and the upper part and the lower part of the overflow partition plate are also connected through a steam pipe; After the solution inside the preheating cylinder enters the distillation tower, it first flows into the overflow plate. After the solution on the overflow plate is full, it overflows from the overflow baffle to the overflow partition plate. The solution on the overflow partition plate enters the solution dispersion cylinder along the solution pipeline, and then enters the overflow plate on the lower layer from the solution descending outlet outside the solution dispersion cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the side of the steam pipe is provided with an opening, and the steam blocking column is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower through a blocking fixing plate, and the steam blocking column can block the opening on the side of the steam pipe inside the steam pipe; When the overflow partition plate moves up and down, it can drive the steam pipe to move up and down synchronously. When the steam pipe moves up and down, the depth of the steam blocking column inside the steam pipe can be adjusted. When the depth of the steam blocking column inside the steam pipe changes, the size of the side opening of the steam pipe can be adjusted.

[0011] Preferably, the steam at the bottom of the distillation tower gradually rises through the steam pipeline and the multi-layer overflow partition plate, and the solution in the middle of the distillation tower descends through the solution pipeline and the solution dispersion cylinder and the multi-layer overflow partition plate; The solution on the overflow partition plate can mix with the steam rising from the inside of the steam pipe during the descending process. When the solution on the overflow partition plate mixes with the gas, the volatile components in the solution can enter the gas, and the non-volatile components in the gas can dissolve into the solution.

[0012] Preferably, the filtering mechanism includes a piston sleeve, a sleeve mounting frame is installed on the outside of the piston sleeve, the sleeve mounting frame is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower, a lifting piston is slidably installed inside the piston sleeve, the bottom of the lifting piston is connected to a piston connecting rod, a filter body mounting frame is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston sleeve, a mist filter body is installed on the inside of the filter body mounting frame, a filter body extrusion plate is slidably installed inside the mist filter body, an extrusion plate connecting block is connected to the inner side of the filter body extrusion plate, the extrusion plate connecting block is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston connecting rod, and the bottom of the filter body extrusion plate is connected to a solution drainage tube.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the piston connecting rod is connected to the top of the lifting connecting rod, the piston sleeve is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower through a sleeve mounting frame, the inner side of the filter body mounting frame is fixedly connected to the piston sleeve, the outer side of the filter body mounting frame is fixedly connected to the distillation tower, and the space between the piston sleeve and the distillation tower is filled with a mist filter body; When the steam in the distillation tower rises, it is filtered and absorbed by the mist filter and then enters the condensation cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, when the pressure inside the distillation tower changes, the lifting piston can be driven to slide up and down inside the piston sleeve, and when the lifting piston slides up and down inside the piston sleeve, the piston connecting rod can be driven to move up and down inside the distillation tower, and when the piston connecting rod moves up and down, the lifting connecting rod can be driven to move synchronously; When the piston connecting rod moves up and down, it can drive the filter body extrusion plate to move synchronously through the extrusion plate connecting block. When the filter body extrusion plate moves upward, it can squeeze the mist filter body inside the filter body mounting frame. When the filter body extrusion plate squeezes the mist filter body, the solution generated by absorbing the mist inside the mist filter body can be discharged. The inner side of the filter body extrusion plate is provided with a protrusion, and the mist squeezed out of the mist filter body is discharged onto the overflow tower plate along the solution drainage pipe.

[0015] A staged distillation method uses the above-mentioned heat pump distillation equipment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a heat pump distillation device and a segmented distillation method, which have the following beneficial effects: 1. This type of heat pump distillation equipment can drive the lifting connecting rod to move up and down through the filtering mechanism when the pressure inside the distillation tower changes. When the lifting connecting rod moves up and down, it can drive the overflow partition plate to move up and down. When the overflow partition plate moves up and down, it can drive the steam pipe to move up and down. When the steam pipe moves downward, the size of the side opening can be increased to increase the steam circulation rate. When the steam pipe moves upward, the side opening is reduced to reduce the steam circulation rate. The size of the steam pipe opening can be adjusted according to the size of the internal air pressure of the distillation tower, thereby preventing excessive mist from being generated during the distillation process and affecting the concentration of the product.

[0017] 2. This type of heat pump distillation equipment can make the lifting piston move upward inside the piston sleeve when the pressure inside the distillation tower increases, and can make the lifting piston move downward inside the piston sleeve when the pressure inside the distillation tower decreases. When the lifting piston moves up and down, the lifting connecting rod and the filter body extrusion plate will be driven up and down by the piston connecting rod. Sensing the pressure change inside the distillation tower through the piston can make the up and down movement of the piston connecting rod more sensitive.

[0018] 3. For this type of heat pump distillation equipment, when it is necessary to squeeze and clean the mist filter body, it is only necessary to close the connecting valve between the distillation tower and the condensing cylinder to gradually increase the pressure inside the distillation tower. When the pressure inside the distillation tower gradually increases, the filter body squeezing plate can gradually move upward, and the mist filter body can be squeezed when the filter body squeezing plate moves upward. Then, the connecting valve between the distillation tower and the condensing cylinder is opened to make the air pressure inside the distillation tower gradually return to a stable state, thereby completing the squeezing and cleaning of the mist filter body without opening the distillation tower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a distillation tower of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a distillation tower of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an overflow tray of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an overflow tray of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an overflow tray of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a filtering mechanism of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a filter body mounting frame of a heat pump distillation device of the present invention; Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a piston sleeve of a heat pump distillation device.

[0020] In the figure: 1. distillation mounting frame; 2. distillation tower; 3. overflow tower plate; 31. overflow plate; 32. overflow baffle; 33. overflow partition plate; 34. solution pipeline; 35. solution dispersion cylinder; 36. solution descending outlet; 37. steam pipeline; 38. steam blocking column; 39. blocking fixing plate; 310. lifting connecting rod; 4. filtering mechanism; 41. piston sleeve; 42. sleeve mounting frame; 43. lifting piston; 44. piston connecting rod; 45. filter body mounting frame; 46. mist filter body; 47. filter body extrusion plate; 48. extrusion plate connecting block; 49. solution drainage pipe; 5. heating cylinder; 6. preheating cylinder; 7. feeding cylinder; 8. condensing cylinder; 9. heat exchange cylinder; 10. heat pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] As introduced in the background technology, there are deficiencies in the prior art. In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a heat pump distillation equipment and a segmented distillation method.

[0023] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1 - Fig.10 A heat pump distillation device comprises a distillation mounting frame 1 and a distillation tower 2, the distillation mounting frame 1 is fixedly mounted with the distillation tower 2, the distillation tower 2 is mounted with a plurality of overflow trays 3, the distillation tower 2 is mounted with a filtering mechanism 4, the distillation mounting frame 1 is fixedly mounted with a heating cylinder 5, one side of the distillation tower 2 is connected with a preheating cylinder 6, the distillation mounting frame 1 is mounted with a feeding cylinder 7, the top of the distillation mounting frame 1 is mounted with a condensing cylinder 8, the bottom of the condensing cylinder 8 is connected with a heat exchange cylinder 9, and the distillation mounting frame 1 is mounted with a heat pump 10; The bottom of the distillation tower 2 is connected to the bottom of the heating cylinder 5, the top of the distillation tower 2 is connected to the condensing cylinder 8, the sides of the distillation tower 2 are connected to the preheating cylinder 6 and the heating cylinder 5 respectively, and the connection between the distillation tower 2 and the preheating cylinder 6 is higher than the connection between the distillation tower 2 and the heating cylinder 5; The two interfaces of the heat pump 10 are respectively connected to the bottom of the heat exchange cylinder 9 and the bottom of the preheating cylinder 6, and the heat exchange cylinder 9 and the preheating cylinder 6 are fixedly installed inside the distillation mounting frame 1; The solution inside the feed cylinder 7 can enter the interior of the distillation tower 2 through the preheating cylinder 6. The heat pump 10 can preheat the solution inside the preheating cylinder 6 by lowering the temperature inside the heat exchange cylinder 9. The solution inside the preheating cylinder 6 enters the interior of the distillation tower 2 and then flows through the overflow tower plate 3 and enters the bottom of the distillation tower 2. The solution inside the distillation tower 2 enters the heating cylinder 5. The heating cylinder 5 can heat the solution inside to make it evaporate and enter the interior of the distillation tower 2. The steam inside the distillation tower 2 passes through the filtering mechanism 4 upward and then enters the condensing cylinder 8. The finely filtered solution inside the condensing cylinder 8 then enters the interior of the heat exchange cylinder 9.

[0024] During operation, the solution to be distilled is first added to the feed cylinder 7. The solution in the feed cylinder 7 enters the distillation tower 2 after passing through the preheating cylinder 6. The heat pump 10 can preheat the solution in the preheating cylinder 6 by lowering the temperature of the heat exchange cylinder 9. The solution in the preheating cylinder 6 passes through the multi-layer overflow tower plate 3 after entering the distillation tower 2 and enters the bottom of the distillation tower 2 and then enters the heating cylinder 5. The heating cylinder 5 can heat the solution for evaporation. The evaporated solution enters the distillation tower 2. The steam in the distillation tower 2 needs to pass through the multi-layer overflow tower plate 3 and the filtering mechanism 4 before it can enter the condensing cylinder 8 from the top of the distillation tower 2. When the steam and the solution pass through the overflow tower plate 3 at the same time, the solid and the steam will be mixed, so that the easily soluble solids in the steam can be evaporated. Part of it is dissolved in the solution, and the volatile part of the solution enters the steam. In the process of the steam rising, some mist will be generated, and the mist can rise synchronously with the steam. When the steam passes through the filtering mechanism 4, the filtering mechanism 4 can filter the mist in the steam, thereby increasing the concentration of the solution after distillation in the condensing cylinder 8. When the amount of steam generated by the heating cylinder 5 is unbalanced with the amount of steam liquefied in the condensing cylinder 8, the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 will also change. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 changes, the steam movement speed inside the distillation tower 2 will also change. When the steam speed is too fast, more mist will be generated, which has a greater impact on the concentration of the product. The filtering mechanism 4 can limit the flow rate of steam according to the pressure change inside the distillation tower 2, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the mist on the concentration of the distillation solution.

[0025] Embodiment 2: The difference from the above embodiment is that, please refer to Figure 3 - Figure 7 The overflow tower plate 3 includes an overflow plate 31, which is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower 2. An overflow baffle 32 is fixedly installed inside the overflow plate 31, and an overflow partition plate 33 is slidably installed inside the overflow baffle 32. A plurality of solution pipes 34 are fixedly installed inside the overflow partition plate 33. A solution dispersion cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the solution pipe 34, and a solution descending outlet 36 is opened outside the solution dispersion cylinder 35. A steam pipe 37 is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate 33, and a steam blocking column 38 is slidably installed inside the steam pipe 37. A blocking fixing plate 39 is fixedly installed on the top of the steam blocking column 38, and a lifting connecting rod 310 is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate 33.

[0026] Multiple overflow trays 3 are equidistantly distributed inside the distillation tower 2, two adjacent overflow trays 3 are fixedly connected by a lifting connecting rod 310, multiple overflow partition plates 33 are connected by a lifting connecting rod 310, and the lifting connecting rod 310 on the top overflow tray 3 is connected to the filtering mechanism 4; When one overflow partition plate 33 moves up and down inside the overflow baffle 32 , it can synchronously drive multiple overflow partition plates 33 to move up and down. When the overflow partition plate 33 moves up and down, it can synchronously drive multiple solution dispersion cylinders 35 to move up and down through the solution pipeline 34 .

[0027] A plurality of solution pipes 34 are evenly distributed inside the overflow partition plate 33, and the bottoms of the plurality of solution pipes 34 are connected to the same solution dispersion cylinder 35. The solution dispersion cylinder 35 is connected to the upper part of the overflow partition plate 33 through the plurality of solution pipes 34, and the upper part and the lower part of the overflow partition plate 33 are also connected through a steam pipe 37; After the solution in the preheating cylinder 6 enters the distillation tower 2, it first flows onto the overflow plate 31. After the solution on the overflow plate 31 is full, it overflows from the overflow baffle 32 to the overflow partition plate 33. The solution on the overflow partition plate 33 enters the solution dispersion cylinder 35 along the solution pipe 34, and then enters the overflow plate 31 of the lower layer from the solution descending outlet 36 outside the solution dispersion cylinder 35.

[0028] The side of the steam pipe 37 is provided with an opening, and the steam blocking column 38 is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower 2 through the blocking fixing plate 39. The steam blocking column 38 can block the opening on the side of the steam pipe 37 inside the steam pipe 37; When the overflow partition plate 33 moves up and down, it can drive the steam pipe 37 to move up and down synchronously. When the steam pipe 37 moves up and down, the depth of the steam blocking column 38 inside the steam pipe 37 can be adjusted. When the depth of the steam blocking column 38 inside the steam pipe 37 changes, the size of the side opening of the steam pipe 37 can be adjusted.

[0029] The steam at the bottom of the distillation tower 2 gradually rises through the multi-layer overflow partition plate 33 via the steam pipe 37, and the solution in the middle of the distillation tower 2 descends through the multi-layer overflow partition plate 33 via the solution pipe 34 and the solution dispersion cylinder 35; The solution on the overflow partition plate 33 can mix with the steam rising from the inside of the steam pipe 37 during the descending process. When the solution on the overflow partition plate 33 mixes with the gas, the volatile components in the solution can enter the gas, and the non-volatile components in the gas can dissolve into the solution.

[0030] During operation, the solution enters the distillation tower 2 and first falls onto the overflow plate 31. When the solution on the overflow plate 31 increases, it will overflow along the overflow baffle 32 to the overflow partition plate 33. The solution on the overflow partition plate 33 will then flow along the solution pipe 34 and the solution dispersion cylinder 35 to the overflow plate 31 of the next layer, and this cycle will be repeated until it enters the heating cylinder 5 from the bottom of the distillation tower 2. When the steam rises from the steam pipe 37 through the overflow tower plate 3, the steam can mix with the solution on the overflow partition plate 33 to distill the raw materials. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 increases, the filtering mechanism 4 drives the lifting connecting rod 310 to move upward. When the lifting connecting rod 310 moves upward, it can drive the overflow partition plate 33 to move upward synchronously. When the overflow partition plate 33 moves upward, it can reduce the depth of the solution on the overflow partition plate 33. When the overflow partition plate 33 moves upward, it can drive the steam pipe 37 to move upward synchronously, and the steam The blocking column 38 is fixed inside the distillation tower 2 by a blocking fixing plate 39. When the steam pipe 37 moves upward, the insertion depth of the steam blocking column 38 inside the steam pipe 37 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the opening to the outside of the steam pipe 37. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 is reduced, the filtering mechanism 4 can drive the lifting connecting rod 310 to move downward. When the lifting connecting rod 310 moves downward, the depth of the raw material on the overflow partition plate 33 can be increased, and when the lifting connecting rod 310 moves downward, the steam pipe 37 can be driven to move downward synchronously. When the steam pipe 37 moves downward, the size of the side opening can be increased to increase the steam circulation rate. When the steam pipe 37 moves upward, the side opening is reduced to reduce the steam circulation rate. The size of the opening of the steam pipe 37 can be adjusted according to the size of the internal air pressure of the distillation tower 2, thereby preventing excessive mist from being generated during the distillation process and affecting the concentration of the product.

[0031] Embodiment three: The difference from the above embodiment is that, please refer to Figure 7 - Fig.10 The filtering mechanism 4 includes a piston sleeve 41, a sleeve mounting frame 42 is installed on the outside of the piston sleeve 41, the sleeve mounting frame 42 is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower 2, a lifting piston 43 is slidably installed inside the piston sleeve 41, the bottom of the lifting piston 43 is connected to a piston connecting rod 44, a filter body mounting frame 45 is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston sleeve 41, a mist filter body 46 is installed inside the filter body mounting frame 45, a filter body extrusion plate 47 is slidably installed inside the mist filter body 46, an extrusion plate connecting block 48 is connected to the inner side of the filter body extrusion plate 47, the extrusion plate connecting block 48 is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston connecting rod 44, and a solution drainage tube 49 is connected to the bottom of the filter body extrusion plate 47.

[0032] The bottom of the piston connecting rod 44 is connected to the top of the lifting connecting rod 310, the piston sleeve 41 is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower 2 through the sleeve mounting frame 42, the inner side of the filter body mounting frame 45 is fixedly connected to the piston sleeve 41, and the outer side of the filter body mounting frame 45 is fixedly connected to the distillation tower 2, and the space between the piston sleeve 41 and the distillation tower 2 is filled by the mist filter body 46; When the steam in the distillation tower 2 rises, it is filtered and absorbed by the mist filter 46 and then enters the condensation cylinder 8.

[0033] When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 changes, the lifting piston 43 can be driven to slide up and down inside the piston sleeve 41. When the lifting piston 43 slides up and down inside the piston sleeve 41, it can drive the piston connecting rod 44 to move up and down inside the distillation tower 2. When the piston connecting rod 44 moves up and down, it can drive the lifting connecting rod 310 to move synchronously. When the piston connecting rod 44 moves up and down, it can drive the filter body extrusion plate 47 to move synchronously through the extrusion plate connecting block 48. When the filter body extrusion plate 47 moves upward, it can squeeze the mist filter body 46 inside the filter body mounting frame 45. When the filter body extrusion plate 47 squeezes the mist filter body 46, the solution generated by absorbing the mist inside the mist filter body 46 can be discharged. A protrusion is provided on the inner side of the filter body extrusion plate 47. The mist squeezed out of the mist filter body 46 is discharged onto the overflow tower plate 3 along the solution drainage pipe 49.

[0034] During operation, steam passes through the mist filter 46 and then enters the interior of the condenser 8 through the top of the distillation tower 2. When the steam passes through the mist filter 46, the mist filter 46 can absorb and filter the mist in the steam. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 increases, the lifting piston 43 can move upward inside the piston sleeve 41. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 decreases, the lifting piston 43 can move downward inside the piston sleeve 41. When the lifting piston 43 moves up and down, the lifting connecting rod 310 and the filter body extrusion plate 47 are driven up and down through the piston connecting rod 44. Driving the lifting connecting rod 310 to move up and down can adjust the size of the opening of the steam pipe 37, and the up and down movement of the filter body extrusion plate 47 can When the mist filter 46 needs to be squeezed and cleaned, it is only necessary to close the connecting valve between the distillation tower 2 and the condensation cylinder 8, so that the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 gradually increases. When the pressure inside the distillation tower 2 gradually increases, the filter extrusion plate 47 can be gradually driven to move upward, and the mist filter 46 can be squeezed when the filter extrusion plate 47 moves upward. When the filter extrusion plate 47 squeezes the mist filter 46, the solution absorbed in the mist filter 46 can be discharged along the solution drainage pipe 49. Then, the connecting valve between the distillation tower 2 and the condensation cylinder 8 is opened, so that the air pressure inside the distillation tower 2 gradually returns to a stable state, so that the mist filter 46 can be squeezed and cleaned without opening the distillation tower 2.

[0035] Embodiment 4: A segmented distillation method using a heat pump distillation device as in Embodiments 1 to 3 comprises the following steps: During operation, the solution to be distilled is firstly added into the distillation tower 2 through the feed cylinder 7; The solution passing through the distillation tower 2 enters the heating cylinder 5 after passing through the overflow tray 3; The heating cylinder 5 can heat and evaporate the solution, so that the steam enters the distillation tower 2; When the steam passes through the overflow tray 3, it mixes with the solution on the overflow tray 3 and performs substance exchange; The steam is filtered and absorbed by the filter mechanism 4 and then enters the condenser tube 8, and then enters the heat exchange tube 9 through the condenser tube 8; The heat pump 10 can cool down the distillation solution in the heat exchange cylinder 9 and preheat the solution in the preheating cylinder 6 .

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat pump distillation device, comprising a distillation mounting frame and a distillation tower, wherein the distillation tower is fixedly installed inside the distillation mounting frame, characterized in that: A plurality of overflow trays are installed inside the distillation tower, a filtering mechanism is installed inside the distillation tower, a heating cylinder is fixedly installed inside the distillation mounting frame, a preheating cylinder is connected to one side of the distillation tower, a feeding cylinder is installed inside the distillation mounting frame, a condensing cylinder is installed on the top of the distillation mounting frame, a heat exchange cylinder is connected to the bottom of the condensing cylinder, and a heat pump is installed inside the distillation mounting frame; The bottom of the distillation tower is connected to the bottom of the heating cylinder, the top of the distillation tower is connected to the condensing cylinder, the sides of the distillation tower are connected to the preheating cylinder and the heating cylinder respectively, and the connection between the distillation tower and the preheating cylinder is higher than the connection between the distillation tower and the heating cylinder; The two interfaces of the heat pump are respectively connected to the bottom of the heat exchange cylinder and the bottom of the preheating cylinder, and the heat exchange cylinder and the preheating cylinder are fixedly installed inside the distillation mounting frame; The overflow tower plate includes an overflow plate, which is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower, an overflow baffle is fixedly installed inside the overflow plate, an overflow partition plate is slidably installed inside the overflow baffle, a plurality of solution pipes are fixedly installed inside the overflow partition plate, a solution dispersion cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the solution pipe, a solution descending outlet is opened on the outside of the solution dispersion cylinder, a steam pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate, a steam blocking column is slidably installed inside the steam pipe, a blocking fixing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the steam blocking column, and a lifting connecting rod is fixedly installed on the top of the overflow partition plate.

2. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solution inside the feed cylinder can enter the interior of the distillation tower through the preheating cylinder, the heat pump can preheat the solution inside the preheating cylinder by lowering the temperature inside the heat exchange cylinder, the solution inside the preheating cylinder enters the interior of the distillation tower and then flows through the overflow plate and enters the bottom of the distillation tower, the solution inside the distillation tower enters the heating cylinder, the heating cylinder can heat the internal solution to make it evaporate and enter the interior of the distillation tower, the steam inside the distillation tower passes upward through the filtering mechanism and enters the interior of the condensing cylinder, and the finely filtered solution inside the condensing cylinder then enters the interior of the heat exchange cylinder.

3. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of overflow plates are equidistantly distributed inside the distillation tower, two adjacent overflow plates are fixedly connected by a lifting connecting rod, the plurality of overflow partition plates are connected by a lifting connecting rod, and the lifting connecting rod on the top overflow plate is connected to the filtering mechanism; When one overflow partition plate moves up and down inside the overflow baffle, it can synchronously drive multiple overflow partition plates to move up and down. When the overflow partition plate moves up and down, it can synchronously drive multiple solution dispersion cylinders to move up and down through the solution pipeline.

4. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of solution pipes are evenly distributed inside the overflow partition plate, the bottoms of the plurality of solution pipes are connected to the same solution dispersion cylinder, the solution dispersion cylinder is connected to the upper part of the overflow partition plate through the plurality of solution pipes, and the upper part and the lower part of the overflow partition plate are also connected through a steam pipe; After the solution inside the preheating cylinder enters the distillation tower, it first flows into the overflow plate. After the solution on the overflow plate is full, it overflows from the overflow baffle to the overflow partition plate. The solution on the overflow partition plate enters the solution dispersion cylinder along the solution pipeline, and then enters the overflow plate on the lower layer from the solution descending outlet outside the solution dispersion cylinder.

5. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the steam pipe is provided with an opening, and the steam blocking column is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower through a blocking fixing plate, and the steam blocking column can block the opening on the side of the steam pipe inside the steam pipe; When the overflow partition plate moves up and down, it can drive the steam pipe to move up and down synchronously. When the steam pipe moves up and down, the depth of the steam blocking column inside the steam pipe can be adjusted. When the depth of the steam blocking column inside the steam pipe changes, the size of the side opening of the steam pipe can be adjusted.

6. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steam at the bottom of the distillation tower gradually rises through the steam pipeline and the multi-layer overflow partition plate, and the solution in the middle of the distillation tower descends through the solution pipeline and the solution dispersion cylinder and the multi-layer overflow partition plate; The solution on the overflow partition plate can mix with the steam rising from the inside of the steam pipe during the descending process. When the solution on the overflow partition plate mixes with the gas, the volatile components in the solution can enter the gas, and the non-volatile components in the gas can dissolve into the solution.

7. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism includes a piston sleeve, a sleeve mounting frame is installed on the outside of the piston sleeve, the sleeve mounting frame is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower, a lifting piston is slidably installed inside the piston sleeve, the bottom of the lifting piston is connected to a piston connecting rod, a filter body mounting frame is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston sleeve, a mist filter body is installed on the inside of the filter body mounting frame, a filter body extrusion plate is slidably installed inside the mist filter body, an extrusion plate connecting block is connected to the inner side of the filter body extrusion plate, the extrusion plate connecting block is fixedly installed on the outside of the piston connecting rod, and a solution drainage tube is connected to the bottom of the filter body extrusion plate.

8. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the piston connecting rod is connected to the top of the lifting connecting rod, the piston sleeve is fixedly installed inside the distillation tower through a sleeve mounting frame, the inner side of the filter body mounting frame is fixedly connected to the piston sleeve, the outer side of the filter body mounting frame is fixedly connected to the distillation tower, and the space between the piston sleeve and the distillation tower is filled with a mist filter body; When the steam in the distillation tower rises, it is filtered and absorbed by the mist filter and then enters the condensation cylinder.

9. A heat pump distillation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the pressure inside the distillation tower changes, the lifting piston can be driven to slide up and down inside the piston sleeve. When the lifting piston slides up and down inside the piston sleeve, the piston connecting rod can be driven to move up and down inside the distillation tower. When the piston connecting rod moves up and down, the lifting connecting rod can be driven to move synchronously. When the piston connecting rod moves up and down, it can drive the filter body extrusion plate to move synchronously through the extrusion plate connecting block. When the filter body extrusion plate moves upward, it can squeeze the mist filter body inside the filter body mounting frame. When the filter body extrusion plate squeezes the mist filter body, the solution generated by absorbing the mist inside the mist filter body can be discharged. The inner side of the filter body extrusion plate is provided with a protrusion, and the mist squeezed out of the mist filter body is discharged onto the overflow tower plate along the solution drainage pipe.

10. A staged distillation method using a heat pump distillation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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