Positive pressure air-tight sealing waterproof and dustproof structure of five-axis rotary table

Abstract

According to the positive pressure air-tight sealing waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis rotary table, multiple layers of active and passive waterproof and dustproof structures are arranged, so that cutting fluid or chippings are prevented from entering the rotary table, and even if liquid enters the rotary table, the liquid can be discharged out of the rotary table through an internal circulation channel; the damage of expensive parts such as a bearing, a coil and an electric appliance caused by the blocking failure of the sealing ring is avoided, heavy property loss and production delay are avoided, and the service life of the sealing ring and the maintenance time of the rotary table are greatly prolonged due to the multi-layer waterproof and dustproof structure; the whole five-axis rotary table is provided with a positive pressure gas circuit, a humidity sensor and an alarm system, once leakage occurs, alarm information can be sent out on an operation panel of a numerical control machine tool, but the rotary table can still continuously work for a period of time, heavy loss caused by coil burning when liquid enters the rotary table is avoided, and the service life of the rotary table is prolonged. And the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waterproof and dustproof equipment, and more specifically, to a positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of a five-axis turntable. Background Art

[0002] The five-axis CNC machining center is a CNC machine tool that performs subtractive processing on large pieces of material. During the processing, the tool cuts the large piece of material into sharp debris and powder particles. These debris and particles are easy to cut or wear the sealing lip of the plastic seal ring, which causes the cutting fluid to enter the inside of the five-axis turntable from the gap, resulting in damage to the bearing inside the turntable and burning of the coil, resulting in significant economic losses. In addition, the five-axis turntable is a component assembled on the five-axis machine tool. If the turntable needs to be repaired due to water ingress, it is very inconvenient to replace the seal ring, bearing, and coil. The entire turntable needs to be lifted and disassembled by a crane at the customer's site before the seal ring, bearing, and coil can be replaced. After the replacement, the turntable needs to be reinstalled and the entire machine needs to be recalibrated for accuracy, which is a huge workload. In addition, a lot of supporting tools are required, and most customer workshops do not have the conditions for precision crane hoisting, resulting in the machine only replacing the seal ring, bearing, and coil. The machine also needs to be returned to the factory for repair, and the round-trip transportation costs and labor costs are expensive. Therefore, the five-axis rotary table rotary sealing system is best to have the ability to be maintenance-free and have a long life.

[0003] The patent publication number closest to the present application is CN118081406A. By setting up guide grooves and multiple drainage mechanisms, the liquid is discharged from the inside of the waterproof cradle five-axis turntable device under the guidance of the guide grooves and the drainage mechanisms, effectively preventing the liquid from entering the turntable and preventing the accumulation of liquid inside the waterproof cradle five-axis turntable device, effectively avoiding potential risks such as blockage of the one-way valve and failure of the air path components, making the structure simple and easy to maintain.

[0004] However, if the drainage mechanism or the guide groove is damaged, a huge amount of work is still required to disassemble the entire turntable, and once a failure occurs, there is no protection measure to allow the turntable to continue working. Therefore, the present invention adopts a multi-layer dustproof and waterproof structure to greatly extend the service life of the sealing ring and the maintenance time of the turntable sealing ring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a positive pressure air seal waterproof and dustproof structure of a five-axis turntable. By setting up multiple layers of active and passive waterproof and dustproof structures, cutting fluid or debris can be prevented from entering the turntable. The lip seal ring and the curved labyrinth air curtain ring blowing can basically protect the plastic material seal ring from being cut and damaged by sharp cutting waste. The seal ring is mainly used to isolate water vapor, which can greatly extend the service life of the seal ring and the maintenance time of the turntable seal ring. A drainage and exhaust channel is provided inside the turntable to discharge the cutting fluid that has entered the turntable in time. Timely active warning prompts that the turntable has leaked, and there is no need for manual disassembly and inspection to find it, which improves intelligent production management. Active leakage warning can also reduce the significant loss caused by damage to other components due to failure to find leakage. The entire five-axis turntable is provided with a positive pressure air circuit, a humidity sensor and an alarm system. Once a leak occurs, the machine tool operating system screen will pop up an alarm, but the turntable can still work for a period of time, without delaying production, and improving safety.

[0006] A positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure for a five-axis turntable, the five-axis turntable comprising a rotating shaft 1 and a worktable 2, one end of the rotating shaft 1 being connected to the worktable 2, the rotating shaft 1 rotating drives the worktable 2 to rotate, an upper cover 3 is axially sleeved on the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1, a waterproof and dustproof structure 4 is arranged between the upper cover 3 and the worktable 2, characterized in that: the waterproof and dustproof structure 4 comprises a first sealing structure 41, a curved labyrinth protection structure 42, and a second sealing structure 43 from the outside to the inside, the first sealing structure 41 being arranged on the outermost circle, the upper part of the first sealing structure 41 being connected to the worktable 2, and the lower part being connected to the upper cover 3, the lower part or the upper part of the first sealing structure 41 extending outwardly is provided with a lip 411 of a friction sealing ring for blocking dust and cutting fluid coming in from the rotating gap; the curved labyrinth protection structure 42 comprises a first protective cavity 421, the first protective cavity 421 is provided with positive pressure gas flowing from the inside to the outside of the rotating shaft 1, and the first protective cavity 421 is narrow near the outermost flow channel opening, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection with a tortuous maze structure to prevent waste chips and water vapor from entering; the second sealing structure 43 is arranged in the innermost circle, and a second positive pressure flow channel 70 is also provided in the five-axis turntable, and the second positive pressure flow channel 70 is connected to the input end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, and the output end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable is connected to the drainage and exhaust channel 60, and the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure flow channel 70 flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, and when all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable flow through, it is discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel 60.

[0007] In some embodiments, the workbench 2 is provided with a circle of mounting grooves 412 corresponding to the first sealing structure 41. When the body of the first sealing structure 41 is located in the mounting groove 412, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring extends out of the mounting groove 412 and abuts against the upper plane of the upper cover 3; when the body of the first sealing structure 41 is connected to the upper plane of the upper cover 3, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring extends toward the mounting groove 412 and abuts against the lower plane of the workbench 2.

[0008] Furthermore, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring is a thin sheet of elastomer, which is a lip-type sealing ring. When the input positive pressure gas passes through the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring and the abutment between the upper plane of the upper cover 3 or the lower plane of the workbench 2, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring is deformed outward and upward to form an air flow channel, so that the cutting fluid and dust entering the gap from the outside are blown out of the gap of the air flow channel and cannot enter the inside of the turntable.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first protection cavity 421 is composed of a plurality of blocking blocks staggered up and down to form a curved maze, the plurality of blocking blocks include a first blocking block 422 and a second blocking block 423, the first blocking block 422 is located at the lower end of the workbench 2, the second blocking block 423 is located on the upper plane of the upper cover 3, and a gap is provided between the first blocking block 422 and the second blocking block 423, which is the first protection cavity 421.

[0010] Furthermore, the input end of the first protection cavity 421 is connected to the output end of the externally connected positive-pressure gas flow channel 44, and the input end of the positive-pressure gas flow channel 44 is connected to the externally connected positive-pressure gas delivery device, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive-pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection with a curved maze structure to prevent waste and water vapor from entering.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second sealing structure 43 includes a plurality of sealing rings 431 arranged at intervals, wherein the sealing rings 431 are arranged between the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1 and the inner circle of the upper cover 3, and a second protective cavity 432 is provided at the interval between two adjacent sealing rings 431. The second protective cavity 432 is provided with non-flowing positive pressure gas, so that when the sealing ring 431 is damaged, the positive pressure gas will flow out from the damaged part to the outside of the turntable. At this time, the cutting fluid cannot enter the inside of the turntable, and when the gas in the protective chamber of the second protective cavity 432 is depressurized, the pressure sensor will actively alarm, indicating that the sealing ring 431 needs to be replaced.

[0012] Furthermore, the input end of the second protection cavity 432 is connected to the output end of the first positive-pressure flow channel 45. A pressure sensor is provided on the first positive-pressure flow channel 45. The input end of the first positive-pressure flow channel 45 is connected to a gas delivery device of non-flowing positive-pressure gas, which is used to form a pressure cavity higher than normal pressure inside the second protection cavity 432, so that cutting fluid and dirt in the external low-pressure area cannot enter the turntable. When the sealing ring 431 is damaged, the pressure of the pressure sensor decreases and an alarm is sounded, thereby intelligently detecting that the sealing ring 431 is damaged and needs to be replaced.

[0013] Furthermore, the positive pressure gas is dried and filtered before being introduced.

[0014] Furthermore, a gas electrical control system is provided at the protection flow channel. Once the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 is damaged, the gas pressure value in the corresponding second protection cavity 432 decreases, and the gas electrical control system will alarm. Once the first sealing structure 41 is damaged, the air pressure in the corresponding positive-pressure gas flow channel 44 decreases, prompting the turntable to release pressure. The user can know at the first time that the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 needs to be replaced. At this time, the entire turntable has not entered water, and the depressurized sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 will blow air from the leakage to the dirty side to prevent dust and liquid from entering the inside of the turntable. The turntable only needs to replace the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41, which will not cause more serious losses, and the turntable can still be used normally for a period of time, and will not cause the user to shut down immediately, thereby improving safety.

[0015] Furthermore, the five-axis turntable also includes a swing arm and a tailstock, and the parts where the workbench 2, the swing arm, and the tailstock are connected in pairs are all provided with a third sealing structure 5, and the structure of the third sealing structure 5 is the same as that of the second sealing structure 43.

[0016] Furthermore, an external exhaust valve and a humidity sensor are provided at the output end of the shell of the drainage and exhaust channel 60. The external exhaust valve is a one-way valve that can only allow gas or liquid to be discharged from the five-axis turntable.

[0017] Furthermore, the humidity sensor is used to alarm when there is liquid leakage inside the five-axis turntable. Under normal circumstances, the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure channel 70 flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable. After all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable have flowed through, they are discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel 60. When there is leaked liquid in all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, the leaked liquid will also flow to the drainage and exhaust channel 60 together with the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure channel 70. At this time, the humidity sensor detects that liquid is leaking and sends an alarm of suspected sealing ring leakage to the system, actively detecting the humidity inside the turntable.

[0018] Furthermore, observation screws are provided on the rear cover of the swing arm drive shaft and the rear cover of the workbench 2, so as to facilitate loosening the screws to directly observe whether there is water leakage inside the turntable.

[0019] Furthermore, the entire five-axis turntable is hollow inside with pressure-maintaining positive pressure gas and a pressure sensor, and once the pressure inside the turntable is released, a pressure relief alarm will be automatically sounded.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention proposes a positive pressure air seal waterproof and dustproof structure for a five-axis turntable. By setting up multiple layers of active and passive waterproof and dustproof structures, cutting fluid or debris can be prevented from entering the turntable. The lip seal ring and the curved labyrinth air curtain ring blowing can basically protect the plastic material seal ring from being cut and damaged by sharp cutting waste. The seal ring is mainly used to isolate water vapor, which can greatly extend the service life of the seal ring and the maintenance time of the turntable seal ring. A drainage and exhaust channel 60 is provided inside the turntable to discharge the cutting fluid that has entered the turntable in time. Timely active warning prompts that the turntable has leaked, and there is no need for manual disassembly and inspection to find it, which improves intelligent production management. Active leakage warning can also reduce the significant losses caused by damage to other components due to failure to find leakage. The entire five-axis turntable is provided with a positive pressure air circuit, a humidity sensor and an alarm system. Once a leak occurs, the machine tool operating system screen will pop up an alarm, but the turntable can still work for a period of time, without delaying production, and improving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the five-axis turntable of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is an overall cross-sectional view of the five-axis turntable of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of part A of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of part B of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of part C of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged structural diagram of part D of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention.

[0027] Main component symbols

[0028] Rotating shaft 1, workbench 2, upper cover 3, waterproof and dustproof structure 4, first sealing structure 41, lip edge 411 of friction sealing ring, installation groove 412, curved maze protection structure 42, first protection cavity 421, first blocking block 422, second blocking block 423, second sealing structure 43, sealing ring 431, second protection cavity 432, positive pressure gas flow channel 44, first positive pressure flow channel 45, third sealing structure 5, drainage and exhaust channel 60, second positive pressure flow channel 70.

[0029] The following specific implementation manner will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a three-dimensional diagram of the five-axis turntable of the five-axis turntable of the present invention; Figure 2 As shown, it is an overall cross-sectional view of the five-axis turntable of the five-axis turntable of the present invention; Figure 3 As shown, it is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the A part of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention; Figure 4 As shown, it is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the B part of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention; Figure 5 As shown, it is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the C part of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention; Figure 6 As shown, it is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the D part of the positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable of the present invention. Example

[0031] A positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure for a five-axis turntable, the five-axis turntable comprising a rotating shaft 1 and a worktable 2, one end of the rotating shaft 1 being connected to the worktable 2, the rotating shaft 1 rotating drives the worktable 2 to rotate, an upper cover 3 is axially sleeved on the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1, a waterproof and dustproof structure 4 is arranged between the upper cover 3 and the worktable 2, characterized in that: the waterproof and dustproof structure 4 comprises a first sealing structure 41, a curved labyrinth protection structure 42, and a second sealing structure 43 from the outside to the inside, the first sealing structure 41 being arranged on the outermost circle, the upper part of the first sealing structure 41 being connected to the worktable 2, and the lower part being connected to the upper cover 3, the lower part or the upper part of the first sealing structure 41 extending outwardly is provided with a lip 411 of a friction sealing ring for blocking dust and cutting fluid coming in from the rotating gap; the curved labyrinth protection structure 42 comprises a first protective cavity 421, the first protective cavity 421 is provided with positive pressure gas flowing from the inside to the outside of the rotating shaft 1, and the first protective cavity 421 is narrow near the outermost flow channel opening, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection with a tortuous maze structure to prevent waste chips and water vapor from entering; the second sealing structure 43 is arranged in the innermost circle, and a second positive pressure flow channel 70 is also provided in the five-axis turntable, and the second positive pressure flow channel 70 is connected to the input end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, and the output end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable is connected to the drainage and exhaust channel 60, and the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure flow channel 70 flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, and when all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable flow through, it is discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel 60.

[0032] The workbench 2 is provided with a circle of mounting grooves 412 corresponding to the first sealing structure 41. When the body of the first sealing structure 41 is located in the mounting groove 412, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring extends out of the mounting groove 412 and abuts against the upper plane of the upper cover 3; when the body of the first sealing structure 41 is connected to the upper plane of the upper cover 3, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring extends toward the mounting groove 412 and abuts against the lower plane of the workbench 2.

[0033] The lip 411 of the friction sealing ring is a thin sheet of elastomer, which is a lip-type sealing ring. When the input positive pressure gas passes through the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring and the abutment between the upper plane of the upper cover 3 or the lower plane of the workbench 2, the lip 411 of the friction sealing ring is deformed outward and upward to form an air flow channel, so that the cutting fluid and dust entering the gap from the outside are blown out of the gap of the air flow channel and cannot enter the inside of the turntable.

[0034] The first protective cavity 421 is composed of a plurality of blocking blocks staggered up and down to form a curved maze, the plurality of blocking blocks include a first blocking block 422 and a second blocking block 423, the first blocking block 422 is located at the lower end of the workbench 2, the second blocking block 423 is located on the upper plane of the upper cover 3, and a gap is provided between the first blocking block 422 and the second blocking block 423, which is the first protective cavity 421.

[0035] The input end of the first protection cavity 421 is connected to the output end of the externally connected positive-pressure gas flow channel 44, and the input end of the positive-pressure gas flow channel 44 is connected to the externally connected positive-pressure gas delivery device, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive-pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection with a curved maze structure to prevent waste and water vapor from entering.

[0036] The second sealing structure 43 includes a plurality of sealing rings 431 arranged at intervals, wherein the sealing rings 431 are arranged between the outer circle of the rotating shaft 1 and the inner circle of the upper cover 3, and a second protective cavity 432 is provided at the interval between two adjacent sealing rings 431. The second protective cavity 432 is provided with non-flowing positive-pressure gas, so that when the sealing ring 431 is damaged, the positive-pressure gas will flow out from the damaged part to the outside of the turntable, and the cutting fluid cannot enter the inside of the turntable at this time. When the gas in the protective chamber of the second protective cavity 432 is depressurized, the pressure sensor will actively alarm, indicating that the sealing ring 431 needs to be replaced.

[0037] The input end of the second protection cavity 432 is connected to the output end of the first positive-pressure flow channel 45. A pressure sensor is provided on the first positive-pressure flow channel 45. The input end of the first positive-pressure flow channel 45 is connected to a gas delivery device of non-flowing positive-pressure gas, which is used to form a pressure cavity higher than normal pressure inside the second protection cavity 432, so that cutting fluid and dirt in the external low-pressure area cannot enter the turntable. When the sealing ring 431 is damaged, the pressure of the pressure sensor decreases and an alarm is sounded, thereby intelligently detecting that the sealing ring 431 is damaged and needs to be replaced.

[0038] The positive pressure gas is dried and filtered before being introduced.

[0039] A gas electrical control system is provided at the protection flow channel. Once the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 is damaged, the gas pressure value in the corresponding second protection cavity 432 decreases, and the gas electrical control system will alarm. Once the first sealing structure 41 is damaged, the air pressure in the corresponding positive-pressure gas flow channel 44 decreases, prompting the turntable to release pressure. The user can know at the first time that the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 needs to be replaced. At this time, the entire turntable has not entered water, and the depressurized sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41 will blow air from the leakage to the dirty side to prevent dust and liquid from entering the inside of the turntable. The turntable only needs to replace the sealing ring 431 or the first sealing structure 41, which will not cause more serious losses, and the turntable can still be used normally for a period of time, and will not cause the user to shut down immediately, thereby improving safety.

[0040] The five-axis turntable further includes a swing arm and a tailstock. The parts where the workbench 2, the swing arm and the tailstock are connected in pairs are all provided with a third sealing structure 5. The third sealing structure 5 has the same structure as the second sealing structure 43.

[0041] The output end of the shell of the drainage and exhaust channel 60 is provided with an external exhaust valve and a humidity sensor. The external exhaust valve is a one-way valve that can only allow gas or liquid to be discharged from the five-axis turntable. The humidity sensor is used to alarm when there is liquid leakage inside the five-axis turntable. Under normal circumstances, the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure channel 70 flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable. After all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable have passed through, they are discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel 60. When there is leaked liquid in all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, the leaked liquid will also flow with the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure channel 70 to the drainage and exhaust channel 60. At this time, the humidity sensor detects that liquid is leaking and sends an alarm of suspected sealing ring leakage to the system, actively detecting the humidity inside the turntable.

[0042] The rear cover of the swing arm drive shaft and the rear cover of the workbench 2 are both provided with observation screws, so as to facilitate loosening the screws and directly observe whether there is water leakage inside the turntable.

[0043] The entire five-axis turntable is hollow inside with pressure-maintaining positive pressure gas and a pressure sensor. Once the pressure inside the turntable is released, an automatic pressure relief alarm will be triggered.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention proposes a positive pressure air seal waterproof and dustproof structure for a five-axis turntable. By setting up multiple layers of active and passive waterproof and dustproof structures, cutting fluid or debris can be prevented from entering the turntable. The lip seal ring and the curved labyrinth air curtain ring blowing can basically protect the plastic material seal ring from being cut and damaged by sharp cutting waste. The seal ring is mainly used to isolate water vapor, which can greatly extend the service life of the seal ring and the maintenance time of the turntable seal ring. A drainage and exhaust channel 60 is provided inside the turntable to discharge the cutting fluid that has entered the turntable in time. Timely active warning prompts that the turntable has leaked, and there is no need for manual disassembly and inspection to find it, which improves intelligent production management. Active leakage warning can also reduce the significant losses caused by damage to other components due to failure to find leakage. The entire five-axis turntable is provided with a positive pressure air circuit, a humidity sensor and an alarm system. Once a leak occurs, the machine tool operating system screen will pop up an alarm, but the turntable can still work for a period of time, without delaying production, and improving safety.

[0045] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A positive pressure air-tight waterproof and dustproof structure of a five-axis turntable, the five-axis turntable comprising a rotating shaft (1) and a worktable (2), one end of the rotating shaft (1) being connected to the worktable (2), the rotating shaft (1) rotating drives the worktable (2) to rotate, an upper cover (3) is axially sleeved on the outer circle of the rotating shaft (1), a waterproof and dustproof structure (4) is provided between the upper cover (3) and the worktable (2), characterized in that: The waterproof and dustproof structure (4) comprises, from the outside to the inside, a first sealing structure (41), a curved labyrinth protection structure (42), and a second sealing structure (43), wherein the first sealing structure (41) is arranged at the outermost circle, the upper part of the first sealing structure (41) is connected to the workbench (2), and the lower part is connected to the upper cover (3), and the lower part or the upper part of the first sealing structure (41) extends outward to provide a lip edge (411) of a friction sealing ring for blocking dust and cutting fluid from entering from the rotating gap; the curved labyrinth protection structure (42) comprises a first protection cavity (421), and the first protection cavity (421) is provided with positive pressure gas flowing from the inside of the rotating shaft (1) to the outside, and the first protection cavity (421) is provided with a positive pressure gas flowing from the inside of the rotating shaft (1) to the outside. 1) The opening of the flow channel near the outermost side is narrow, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection of a curved maze structure to prevent waste chips and water vapor from entering; the second sealing structure (43) is arranged in the innermost circle, and a second positive pressure flow channel (70) is also arranged in the five-axis turntable. The second positive pressure flow channel (70) is connected to the input end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, and the output end of all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable is connected to the drainage and exhaust channel (60). The low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure flow channel (70) flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable. After all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable have passed through, it is discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel (60).

2. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (2) is provided with a circle of mounting grooves (412) corresponding to the first sealing structure (41); when the body of the first sealing structure (41) is located in the mounting groove (412), the lip edge (411) of the friction sealing ring extends out of the mounting groove (412) and abuts against the upper plane of the upper cover (3); when the body of the first sealing structure (41) is connected to the upper plane of the upper cover (3), the lip edge (411) of the friction sealing ring extends toward the mounting groove (412) and abuts against the lower plane of the workbench (2).

3. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lip edge (411) of the friction sealing ring is a thin sheet of elastic body, and the thin sheet of elastic body is a lip-type sealing ring. When the input positive pressure gas passes through the contact point between the lip edge (411) of the friction sealing ring and the upper plane of the upper cover (3) or the lower plane of the workbench (2), the lip edge (411) of the friction sealing ring is deformed outward and upward to form an air flow channel, so that the cutting fluid and dust entering the gap from the outside are blown out of the gap of the air flow channel and cannot enter the interior of the turntable.

4. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective cavity (421) is composed of a plurality of blocking blocks arranged in an up-and-down staggered manner to form a curved maze, the plurality of blocking blocks comprising a first blocking block (422) and a second blocking block (423), the first blocking block (422) being located at the lower end of the workbench (2), the second blocking block (423) being located on the upper plane of the upper cover (3), and a gap being provided between the first blocking block (422) and the second blocking block (423), which is the first protective cavity (421).

5. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the first protection cavity (421) is provided with an output end of an externally connected positive pressure gas flow channel (44), and the input end of the positive pressure gas flow channel (44) is connected to a gas delivery device for externally connected positive pressure gas, so that the wind speed of the continuously input positive pressure gas is accelerated when passing through, forming an air curtain protection with a curved maze structure to prevent waste and water vapor from entering.

6. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The second sealing structure (43) comprises a plurality of sealing rings (431) arranged at intervals, wherein the sealing rings (431) are arranged between the outer circle of the rotating shaft (1) and the inner circle of the upper cover (3), and a second protective cavity (432) is provided at the interval between two adjacent sealing rings (431), and a non-flowing positive pressure gas is passed through the second protective cavity (432).

7. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the second protection cavity (432) is connected to the output end of the first positive pressure channel (45), and a pressure sensor is provided on the first positive pressure channel (45). The input end of the first positive pressure channel (45) is connected to a gas delivery device for non-flowing positive pressure gas, so as to form a pressure cavity higher than normal pressure inside the second protection cavity (432), so that cutting fluid and dirt in the external low pressure area cannot enter the turntable. When the sealing ring (431) is damaged, the pressure of the pressure sensor decreases and an alarm is sounded, thereby intelligently detecting that the sealing ring (431) is damaged and needs to be replaced.

8. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The five-axis rotary table further comprises a swing arm and a tailstock, and the parts where the worktable (2), the swing arm and the tailstock are connected in pairs are all provided with a third sealing structure (5), and the third sealing structure (5) has the same structure as the second sealing structure (43).

9. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An output end of the outer shell of the drainage and exhaust channel (60) is provided with an external exhaust valve and a humidity sensor, wherein the external exhaust valve is a one-way valve that only allows gas or liquid to be discharged from the five-axis turntable.

10. The positive pressure air-sealed waterproof and dustproof structure of the five-axis turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity sensor is used to alarm when there is liquid leakage inside the five-axis turntable. Under normal circumstances, the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure flow channel (70) flows to all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable. After all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable have been flowed through, they are discharged from the drainage and exhaust channel (60). When there is liquid leakage in all the cavity parts inside the five-axis turntable, the leaked liquid will also flow to the drainage and exhaust channel (60) together with the low-pressure airflow of the second positive pressure flow channel (70). At this time, the humidity sensor detects that there is liquid leakage and sends an alarm to the system that there is a suspected sealing ring leakage, actively detecting the humidity inside the turntable.

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