Laminated glass and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a laminated glass and a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises a first glass plate, a first bonding layer, an optical element layer, a second bonding layer and a second glass plate which are sequentially stacked; the optical element layer has different visible light transmittances and different colors at different voltage values; the laminated glass has a balance component, and when the voltage value is changed from a first voltage value to a second voltage value, the laminated glass satisfies the following conditions: 0<||DeltaTL|-(|Deltaa|+|Deltab|)|<=1% and TL>=2%. By limiting the optical indexes of the balance component, the application makes the ||DeltaTL|-(|Deltaa|+|Deltab|)| of the laminated glass satisfy a preset value, so that the laminated glass reaches a balance between the visible light transmittance change and the color change in the dimming process, avoids the abrupt dimming change of the laminated glass, reduces the interference of dimming on the eyes of the user, improves the stability and reliability of the laminated glass during dimming, and improves the use experience of the user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of glass technology, specifically relating to laminated glass and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] As users have increasingly higher requirements for vehicle glass, optical element layers are often added to laminated glass to create glass with dimming capabilities. However, when users observe the dimming process of laminated glass, there may be situations where the perceived color change is stronger than the change in visible light transmittance, resulting in a weaker perception of the visible light transmittance change. Conversely, there may be instances where the perceived change in visible light transmittance is much stronger than the color change, leading to glare or visual fatigue. This results in abrupt dimming changes in laminated glass, causing discomfort to the user's eyes and reducing the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the first aspect of this application provides a laminated glass comprising a first glass plate, a first adhesive layer, an optical element layer, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass plate stacked sequentially; the optical element layer has different visible light transmittance and different colors under different voltage values; the laminated glass has a balancing component, the balancing component being composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, and / or composed of the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer;

[0004] The balancing component has a visible light transmittance TL and a Lab value for the transmitted color of visible light: a and b; when the voltage value is changed from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance change value ΔTL, a color change value Δa and Δb, and the laminated glass satisfies the following conditions: 0 < ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1%, and TL≥2%.

[0005] Among them, under different voltage values, the laminated glass has a first stage, and the absolute value of the change rate of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass in the first stage is ≥10%.

[0006] The laminated glass in the first stage satisfies the following condition: 0.5% < ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1%.

[0007] The laminated glass further has a second stage, wherein the absolute value of the change rate of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass in the second stage is <10%.

[0008] The laminated glass in the second stage satisfies the following condition: 0 < ||ΔTL| - (|Δa| + |Δb|)| ≤ 0.5%.

[0009] When the laminated glass is in the first stage, the TL of the laminated glass satisfies the following condition: 2% ≤ TL ≤ X%; when the laminated glass is in the second stage, the TL of the laminated glass satisfies the following condition: TL < X%; where 5 ≤ X ≤ 40.

[0010] The balancing component has an initial visible light transmittance TL0 and initial Lab0 values ​​for the transmitted color of visible light: a0 and b0; the balancing component satisfies the following conditions: TL0≤85%, -10≤a0≤-2, and -1≤b0≤2.

[0011] Wherein, when the balancing assembly is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, and is composed of the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing assembly satisfies the following condition: TL0≤85%, or ≤50%.

[0012] Wherein, when the balancing component is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, or is composed of the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing component satisfies the following conditions: TL0≤75%, or ≤40%.

[0013] The optical element layer has a haze H, and the optical element layer satisfies the following condition: H≤40%.

[0014] The haze H includes bright haze H1 and dark haze H2, and the optical element layer satisfies the following conditions: H1≤5%, H2≤40%.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle comprising a body and laminated glass as provided in the first aspect of this application, the laminated glass being disposed at an opening in the body.

[0016] This application provides laminated glass and a vehicle. By limiting the optical indicators of the balancing components—visible light transmittance TL and Lab values—the ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| of the laminated glass meets a preset value. This allows the laminated glass to achieve a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, avoiding abrupt dimming changes. This results in a more comfortable and gentle perception of changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, reducing interference with the user's eyes and improving the stability and reliability of the laminated glass during dimming. It is suitable for various application scenarios and enhances the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of laminated glass provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of laminated glass provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 A graph showing the relationship between voltage and visible light transmittance (TL) in laminated glass provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0021] Labelling: 1 laminated glass, 10 first glass plate, 11 first adhesive layer, 12 optical element layer, 13 edge patching layer, 14 second adhesive layer, 15 second glass plate, 16 balancing assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following are preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In view of this, in order to solve the above problems, please refer to the following: Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a laminated glass 1, which includes a first glass plate 10, a first adhesive layer 11, an optical element layer 12, a second adhesive layer 14, and a second glass plate 15 stacked sequentially. Under different voltage values, the optical element layer 12 has different visible light transmittance and different colors. The laminated glass 1 has a balancing component 16, which is composed of the first glass plate 10 and the first adhesive layer 11, and / or the second glass plate 15 and the second adhesive layer 14.

[0024] The balancing component 16 has a visible light transmittance TL and a Lab value for the transmitted color of visible light: a and b. When the voltage value changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the laminated glass 1 has a visible light transmittance change value ΔTL and a color change value Δa and Δb. The laminated glass 1 satisfies the following conditions: 0 < ||ΔTL| - (|Δa| + |Δb|)| ≤ 1%, and TL ≥ 2%.

[0025] When the laminated glass 1 is installed on a vehicle, it can serve as a windshield, a rear windshield, a side window, a corner window, or a sunroof, thus providing the vehicle with more display application scenarios.

[0026] Specifically, the first glass plate 10 serves as the outer glass plate of the laminated glass 1. The first glass plate 10 has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is away from the optical element layer 12 and in contact with the external environment of the vehicle. The first surface is away from the first adhesive layer 11. The second surface is connected to the first adhesive layer 11 and is close to the optical element layer 12. The second glass plate 15 serves as the inner glass plate of the laminated glass 1. The second glass plate 15 has a third surface and a fourth surface. The third surface is connected to the second adhesive layer 14. The fourth surface is away from the second adhesive layer 14 and is close to the optical element layer 12. The fourth surface is away from the optical element layer 12 and in contact with the internal environment of the vehicle. The optical element layer 12 is disposed between the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14. The first adhesive layer 11 bonds the first glass plate 10 and the optical element layer 12. The second adhesive layer 14 bonds the second glass plate 15 and the optical element layer 12.

[0027] The first glass plate 10 has a thickness of 0.7 mm to 4.0 mm and an initial visible light transmittance of ≥40%, meaning the outer glass plate has an initial visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 40%. The outer glass plate is either transparent or tinted glass. For example, the outer glass plate can be 2.1 mm thick transparent glass with an initial visible light transmittance of 80%. The thickness of the outer glass plate is preferably 1.6 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0028] The thickness of the second glass plate 15 is 0.7mm to 4.0mm, and the initial visible light transmittance of the second glass plate 15 is ≥40%, that is, the initial visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate is greater than or equal to 40%. The inner glass plate is transparent glass or tinted glass. For example, the inner glass plate can be 2.1mm thick transparent glass with an initial visible light transmittance of 60%, or 1.6mm thick green glass with an initial visible light transmittance of 83%, or 2.1mm thick green glass with an initial visible light transmittance of 80%.

[0029] Both the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be transparent or colored thermoplastic polymer films, and the thickness of the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 is 0.38 mm to 2.28 mm. For example, the thickness of the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be, but is not limited to, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.52 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.28 mm, or other values ​​between 0.38 mm and 2.28 mm. The material of the thermoplastic polymer film can be selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SGP). Optionally, the visible light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 is ≥40%. When the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 are transparent thermoplastic polymers, the initial visible light transmittance of the transparent thermoplastic polymer is greater than or equal to 70%. For example, the initial visible light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be, but is not limited to, 70%, 75%, 80%, or 85%. When the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 are colored thermoplastic polymer films, the initial visible light transmittance of the colored thermoplastic polymer film is greater than or equal to 40%. For example, the initial visible light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be, but is not limited to, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, or 65%. The colored thermoplastic polymer film can be a gray thermoplastic polymer film, a green thermoplastic polymer film, or a blue thermoplastic polymer film. For example, the first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. Examples of multi-layer structures include double-layer, triple-layer, quadruple-layer, and five-layer structures. The first adhesive layer 11 and the second adhesive layer 14 can also have other functions, such as adding infrared absorbers to provide sun protection or heat insulation, adding ultraviolet absorbers to provide ultraviolet protection, or having at least one layer of the multi-layer structure with a higher plasticizer content to provide sound insulation.

[0030] The optical element layer 12 can also be understood as a dimming layer, possessing dimming functionality. The optical element layer 12 can be a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film (PDLC), a suspended particle film (SPD), an electrochromic film (EC), a dye-based liquid crystal film (LC), etc. Preferably, the optical element layer 12 can be a dye-based liquid crystal (LC) containing a transparent sealant; that is, the optical element layer 12 can be a dye-based liquid crystal film (LC). The minimum visible light transmittance of the optical element layer 12 is less than or equal to 3%, for example, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, or 0%. Furthermore, the maximum visible light transmittance of the optical element layer 12 can be set as needed, for example, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, or 80%. Specifically, for example, the visible light transmittance of the optical element layer 12 can be adjusted between 0% and 20%, between 0.5% and 50%, or between 0% and 70%, etc.

[0031] When the optical element layer 12 is powered on, the optical element layer 12 exhibits different visible light transmittance and colors depending on the voltage applied to it, in order to meet the requirements of visible light transmittance and color in various scenarios. For example, when black border display is required, the optical element layer 12 is in an opaque state (visible light transmittance less than or equal to 3%, or even 0%), improving the contrast between the displayed image and the background. When no display is required, the optical element layer 12 is in a transparent state (visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 70%), achieving greater transparency in the laminated glass 1.

[0032] Optionally, the laminated glass 1 further includes a lining layer 13 disposed in the same layer as the optical element layer 12, the lining layer 13 being located on at least one periphery of the optical element layer 12. The material of the lining layer 13 may be selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionomer polymer (SGP). The thickness of the lining layer 13 is equal to the thickness of the optical element layer 12.

[0033] The first glass plate 10, the first adhesive layer 11, the second glass plate 15, and the second adhesive layer 14 each have a fixed initial visible light transmittance and an initial color. Therefore, the balancing component 16 also has a fixed initial visible light transmittance TL0 and initial Lab0 values ​​for the transmitted visible light color: a0 and b0. Since the optical element layer 12 has different visible light transmittances and colors under different voltage values, the visible light transmittance and color displayed by the laminated glass 1 with the optical element layer 12 also change with the change of the optical element layer 12. Under different voltage values, the laminated glass 1 can display different visible light transmittances and different colors.

[0034] When the laminated glass 1 has only one balancing assembly 16, the balancing assembly 16 is composed of a first glass plate 10 and a first adhesive layer 11, or a second glass plate 15 and a second adhesive layer 14. For example, when only the first glass plate 10 and the first adhesive layer 11 constitute the balancing assembly 16, the second glass plate 15 is transparent glass and the second adhesive layer 14 is a transparent film. As another example, when only the second glass plate 15 and the second adhesive layer 14 constitute the balancing assembly 16, the first glass plate 10 is transparent glass and the first adhesive layer 11 is a transparent film. When the laminated glass 1 has two balancing assemblies 16, one balancing assembly 16 is composed of the first glass plate 10 and the first adhesive layer 11, and the other balancing assembly 16 is composed of the second glass plate 15 and the second adhesive layer 14.

[0035] For example, when the voltage value changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, |ΔTL| is the absolute value of the difference between the TL2 value of the laminated glass 1 under the second voltage value and the TL1 value of the laminated glass 1 under the first voltage value, that is, the absolute value of TL2-TL1; |Δa| is the absolute value of the difference between the a2 value of the laminated glass 1 under the second voltage value and the a1 value of the laminated glass 1 under the first voltage value, that is, the absolute value of a2-a1; |Δb| is the absolute value of the difference between the b2 value of the laminated glass 1 under the second voltage value and the b1 value of the laminated glass 1 under the first voltage value, that is, the absolute value of b2-b1.

[0036] Furthermore, when transitioning from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the TL of the laminated glass 1 must be ≥2%, specifically for example, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%, etc. When the TL of the laminated glass 1 is <2%, the amount of light transmitted through the laminated glass 1 is very small, which limits the transmission of color information and reduces interference to the user's eyes; therefore, this application does not limit this situation.

[0037] Specifically, the value of ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| can be exemplified as 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, or 1%, etc.

[0038] In summary, this embodiment provides a laminated glass 1. By limiting the optical parameters of the balancing component 16—visible light transmittance TL and Lab values—the ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| of the laminated glass 1 meets a preset value. This allows the laminated glass 1 to achieve a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, avoiding abrupt dimming changes. This makes the perception of changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming more comfortable and gentle, reducing interference with the user's eyes. It also improves the stability and reliability of the laminated glass 1 during dimming, making it suitable for various application scenarios and enhancing the user experience.

[0039] The laminated glass 1 has a first stage and a second stage. The first stage is the stage where TL changes rapidly with voltage, and the second stage is the stage where TL changes slowly with voltage. The absolute value of the rate of change of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 1 in the first stage is ≥10%, and the absolute value of the rate of change of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 1 in the second stage is <10%.

[0040] For example, when the voltage value changes from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the absolute value of the rate of change of visible light transmittance is the difference between the TL2 value of the laminated glass 1 under the second voltage value and the TL1 value of the laminated glass 1 under the first voltage value, which is the absolute value of the TL1 value of the laminated glass 1 under the first voltage value, that is, the absolute value of (TL2-TL1) / TL1.

[0041] The laminated glass 1 in the first stage satisfies the following condition: 0.5% < ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1%. The specific values ​​of ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| in the first stage can be 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%, 0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, or 1%, etc.

[0042] The laminated glass 1 in the second stage satisfies the following condition: 0 < ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤0.5%. The specific values ​​of ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| in the second stage can be 0, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, or 0.5%, etc.

[0043] When the laminated glass 1 is in the first stage, the TL of the laminated glass 1 satisfies the following condition: 2% ≤ TL ≤ X%; when the laminated glass 1 is in the second stage, the TL of the laminated glass 1 satisfies the following condition: TL < X%; where 5 ≤ X ≤ 40.

[0044] X can also be understood as the intermediate transition TL value between the first and second stages. Specific examples of X include 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40, etc.

[0045] To accommodate different TL change stages of the laminated glass 1, this embodiment differentiates the preset value of ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| for different stages. The preset value in the first stage is greater than the preset value in the second stage, thereby providing a larger balance space for the rapidly changing laminated glass 1 in the first stage and a smaller balance space for the slowly changing laminated glass 1 in the second stage. This further and more accurately balances the perceived changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, further reduces the interference of dimming on the user's eyes, further improves the stability and reliability of the laminated glass 1 during dimming, and further enhances the user experience.

[0046] The balancing component 16 has an initial visible light transmittance TL0 ≤ 85%, specifically, for example, 85%, or 80%, or 75%, or 70%, or 65%, or 60%, or 55%, or 50%, or 45%, or 40%, or 35%, or 30%, or 25%, or 20%, or 15%, or 10%, etc.

[0047] The balancing component 16 has initial Lab0 values ​​for the transmitted color of visible light: a0 and b0, -10≤a0≤-2, and -1≤b0≤2. Examples of a0 include -10, -9, -8, -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, etc. Examples of b0 include -1, -0.5, 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, etc.

[0048] In one embodiment, when the balancing assembly 16 is composed of a first glass plate 10 and a first adhesive layer 11, and a second glass plate 15 and a second adhesive layer 14, the initial visible light transmittance TL0 of the balancing assembly 16 is ≤85%; preferably, TL0 ≤70%; and more preferably, TL0 ≤50%.

[0049] In another embodiment, when the balancing component 16 is composed only of the first glass plate 10 and the first adhesive layer 11, or only of the second glass plate 15 and the second adhesive layer 14, the initial visible light transmittance TL0 of the balancing component 16 is ≤75%; preferably, TL0 ≤60%; and more preferably, TL0 ≤40%.

[0050] This embodiment limits the initial optical parameters of the balancing component 16: initial visible light transmittance TL0 and initial Lab0 value. This helps the optical parameters of the laminated glass 1 meet the preset value of ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|, which helps the laminated glass 1 achieve a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color changes during dimming. This avoids abrupt dimming changes in the laminated glass 1, improves the stability and reliability of the laminated glass 1 during dimming, and enhances the user experience.

[0051] The optical element layer 12 has a haze H, where H ≤ 40%. Specific examples of H include 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, and 3%. Specifically, the optical element layer 12 has a bright-state haze H1 and a dark-state haze H2, where H1 ≤ 5% and H2 ≤ 40%. Specific examples of H1 include 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, and 1%, and H2 includes 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, and 3%. The bright-state haze is measured when the optical element layer 12 is energized, and the dark-state haze is measured when the optical element layer 12 is de-energized.

[0052] This embodiment limits the haze of the optical element layer 12 and uses a low-haze optical element layer 12 in conjunction with the balancing component 16. This makes it easier for the laminated glass 1 to achieve a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, further avoiding abrupt dimming changes in the laminated glass 1, further improving the stability and reliability of the laminated glass 1 during dimming, and further enhancing the user experience.

[0053] This application also provides a vehicle, the vehicle including a body and laminated glass as described above, the laminated glass being disposed at an opening in the body.

[0054] The vehicle provided in this application, by adopting the laminated glass provided above, limits the optical indicators of the balancing component: visible light transmittance TL and Lab values, so that ||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)| of the laminated glass meets the preset value, thereby achieving a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color changes during dimming. This avoids abrupt dimming changes in the laminated glass, making the perception of changes in visible light transmittance and color changes during dimming more comfortable and gentle, reducing interference with the user's eyes during dimming, improving the stability and reliability of the laminated glass during dimming, making it suitable for various application scenarios, and improving the user experience.

[0055] To make the objectives and advantages of this application clearer, the effects of the balancing component of this application will be further explained in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0056] Comparative Example 1:

[0057] The balancing assembly consists of a first glass plate and a first adhesive layer, and a second glass plate and a second adhesive layer. The initial visible light transmittance TL0 of the balancing assembly is 90%, and the initial Lab0 values ​​are a0 -0.44 and b0 0.31. The optical element layer adopts a rigid liquid crystal dimming film. The bright state haze H1 of the optical element layer is ≤5%, and the dark state haze H2 is ≤40%.

[0058] The voltage application method is to take 1V as the step frequency, with 1V as the starting voltage, and take 11 points of TL, a, and b of the laminated glass in the range of 2V-12V. The specific performance parameters of the laminated glass are shown in Table 1.

[0059] In this application, TL refers to the visible light transmittance of 380nm-780nm, and the test standard is the method specified in GB* / T 2410. The test standards for a value and b value are GB / T 7921. The transmission mode is D65 light source, and the angle is 10°.

[0060] Table 1: Performance parameters of laminated glass in Comparative Example 1

[0061]

[0062] As shown in Table 1, when TL≥2%, the laminated glass cannot satisfy the condition 0<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1% at voltages of 2V, 4V, 5V, and 6V. Specifically, when the laminated glass is in the first stage, it cannot satisfy the condition 0.5%<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1% at voltages of 2V, 4V, 5V, and 6V. When the laminated glass is in the second stage, it cannot satisfy the condition 0<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤0.5% at voltages of 7V and 8V. This results in significant changes in the visible light transmittance and color of the laminated glass when the voltage changes, which may cause glare or visual fatigue for users, causing discomfort to the user's eyes and reducing the user experience.

[0063] Example 1:

[0064] The balancing assembly consists of a first glass plate and a first adhesive layer, and a second glass plate and a second adhesive layer. The initial visible light transmittance TL0 of the balancing assembly is 85%, and the initial Lab0 values ​​are a0 -2.48 and b0 0.42. The optical element layer adopts a rigid liquid crystal dimming film. The bright state haze H1 of the optical element layer is ≤5%, and the dark state haze H2 is ≤40%.

[0065] The voltage application method is to take 1V as the step frequency, with 2V as the starting voltage, and take TL, a, and b of the laminated glass at 10 points in the range of 3V-12V. The specific performance parameters of the laminated glass are shown in Table 2.

[0066] Table 2: Performance parameters of the laminated glass in Example 1

[0067]

[0068] Please refer to Table 2 and... Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between voltage and visible light transmittance (TL) in laminated glass. When TL≥2%, the laminated glass satisfies: 0<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1%. Specifically, when the laminated glass is in the first stage, that is, when the absolute value of the change rate of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is ≥10%, the laminated glass satisfies: 0.5%<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤1%. When the laminated glass is in the second stage, that is, when the absolute value of the change rate of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass is <10%, the laminated glass satisfies: 0<||ΔTL|-(|Δa|+|Δb|)|≤0.5%. This allows the laminated glass to achieve a balance between changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming, avoiding abrupt dimming changes. This makes the perception of changes in visible light transmittance and color during dimming more comfortable and gentle, reducing interference to the user's eyes, improving the stability and reliability of the laminated glass during dimming, making it suitable for various application scenarios, and improving the user experience.

[0069] Unless otherwise stated or in case of conflict, the terms or phrases used in this application shall have the following meanings:

[0070] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature.

[0071] In this application, "one or more" refers to any one, any two, or any two or more of the listed items. "Several" refers to any two or more.

[0072] In this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0073] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] In this application, the terms "embodiment" and "implementation" mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of these phrases in various locations throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor are they independent or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand, explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. Furthermore, it should be understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in the various embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined to form yet another embodiment that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this application, provided there is no contradiction between them.

[0075] The above description represents some embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A laminated glass, characterized in that, The laminated glass comprises a first glass plate, a first adhesive layer, an optical element layer, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass plate stacked sequentially; the optical element layer has different visible light transmittance and different colors under different voltage values; the laminated glass has a balancing component, which is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, and / or the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer. The balancing component has a visible light transmittance TL and a Lab value for the transmitted color of visible light: a and b; when the voltage value is changed from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the laminated glass has a visible light transmittance change value ΔTL, a color change value Δa and Δb, and the laminated glass satisfies the following conditions: 0 < ||ΔTL| - (|Δa| + |Δb|)| ≤ 1%, and TL ≥ 2%.

2. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Under different voltage values, the laminated glass has a first stage, and the absolute value of the rate of change of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass in the first stage is ≥10%. The laminated glass in the first stage satisfies the following condition: 0.5% < ||ΔTL| - (|Δa| + |Δb|)| ≤ 1%.

3. The laminated glass as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The laminated glass also has a second stage, wherein the absolute value of the rate of change of visible light transmittance of the laminated glass in the second stage is <10%. The laminated glass in the second stage satisfies the following condition: 0 < ||ΔTL| - (|Δa| + |Δb|)| ≤ 0.5%.

4. The laminated glass as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When the laminated glass is in the first stage, the TL of the laminated glass satisfies the following condition: 2%≤TL≤X%; When the laminated glass is in the second stage, the TL of the laminated glass satisfies the following condition: TL<X%; Wherein, 5≤X≤40%.

5. The laminated glass as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The balancing component has an initial visible light transmittance TL0 and initial Lab0 values ​​for the transmitted color of visible light: a0 and b0; the balancing component satisfies the following conditions: TL0≤85%, -10≤a0≤-2, and -1≤b0≤2.

6. The laminated glass as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the balancing assembly is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, and the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing assembly satisfies the following condition: TL0≤85%.

7. The laminated glass as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the balancing assembly is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, and the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing assembly satisfies the following condition: TL0≤50%.

8. The laminated glass as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the balancing assembly is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, or the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing assembly satisfies the following condition: TL0≤75%.

9. The laminated glass as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the balancing assembly is composed of the first glass plate and the first adhesive layer, or the second glass plate and the second adhesive layer, the balancing assembly satisfies the following condition: TL0≤40%.

10. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical element layer has a haze H, and the optical element layer satisfies the following condition: H≤40%.

11. The laminated glass as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The haze H includes bright haze H1 and dark haze H2, and the optical element layer satisfies the following conditions: H1≤5%, H2≤40%.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a body and laminated glass as described in any one of claims 1-11, the laminated glass being disposed at an opening in the body.

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