Projection assembly, projection device and head-up display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a projection assembly, projection equipment and head-up display equipment. The projection assembly can comprise a projection component and a selective light-transmitting unit comprising a light-transmitting area. Wherein the projection part is used for generating and projecting projection light which can form a projection image; comprising the light-transmitting areas can enable the light transmittance of a target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting areas to be larger than the light transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to projection light corresponding to a target element in the projection image, so that the projection light corresponding to the target element penetrates through the target light-transmitting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of image projection technology, and in particular to a projection component, a projection device, and a head-up display device. Background Art

[0002] As the core component of the projection system, the projection component is widely used in various display devices, such as car head-up displays (HUD), home theater projectors, educational projectors, etc. Its main function is to generate and project projection light that can form a projection image to meet the display needs in different scenarios. In the automotive field, HUD projects important data such as vehicle speed, navigation information, and warning information onto the windshield in front of the driver through the projection component, allowing the driver to obtain the required information without lowering his head, thereby improving driving safety and convenience.

[0003] However, in practical applications, the projection component faces a key technical problem, namely sunlight backflow. Sunlight backflow refers to the phenomenon that external sunlight passes through the transparent medium, enters the projection component, propagates in the opposite direction of the display light, and finally reaches the image generation unit. This problem is particularly prominent in HUD applications, because the high light transmittance of the windshield allows a large amount of sunlight to enter the projection component, resulting in poor projection effect or damage to the image generation unit. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to provide a projection assembly, a projection device, and a head-up display device; which can solve the technical problem of poor projection effect or damage to the image generation unit caused by sunlight backflowing into the projection device.

[0005] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a projection assembly, including: A projection component, used for generating and projecting a projection light capable of forming a projection image; A selective light-transmitting unit including a light-transmitting area can make the transmittance of a target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting area greater than the transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to the projection light corresponding to the target element in the projection image, so that the projection light corresponding to the target element passes through the target light-transmitting area.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a projection device, including: The projection assembly according to the first aspect, and The projected component is used to receive the projection light and display the projection image.

[0007] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a head-up display device, including: A projection device as described in the second aspect.

[0008] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a projection component, a projection device, and a head-up display device; by setting a selective light-transmitting unit, the light transmittance of a target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting area can be made greater than the light transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to the projection light corresponding to the target element in the projection image, thereby ensuring that the projection light corresponding to the target element can be efficiently transmitted, solving the shortcomings of the existing projection components in terms of display effect and light utilization efficiency, achieving fine control of the projected image, and improving the contrast of the image. At the same time, when facing a complex light environment, it can effectively reduce the interference of background light, protect the projection components from damage by strong light, and extend the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of a vehicle-mounted system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 An exemplary top view of a vehicle provided for the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 3 An exemplary perspective view from the driver's seat of a vehicle is provided for the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a head-up display device provided in the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display device in the prior art.

[0014] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a projection assembly provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a selective light transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of another selective light transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the division of a light-transmitting area of ​​a selective light-transmitting unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of dividing the light transmission area of ​​another selective light transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of dividing a light-transmitting area of ​​a selective light-transmitting unit when applied to a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of dividing the light transmission area of ​​another selective light transmission unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a projection device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of another head-up display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] The above drawings show clear embodiments of the present disclosure, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way, but to illustrate the concepts of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0026] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle-mounted system 100 includes: a navigation subsystem 110, an environment detection device group 120 for obtaining the vehicle's environment during the vehicle's driving, a vehicle driving state detection device group 130, a data processing unit 140, a display control unit 150, and a display unit 160. The above components or device groups are coupled together through a communication bus 12. In some examples, the communication bus 12 is used for connection and communication between the above components or device groups. It should be noted that Figure 1Only a portion of the in-vehicle system 100 is shown, not all of the components of the in-vehicle system 100 .

[0028] exist Figure 1 In the navigation subsystem 110, a positioning device 111 and a map information storage device 112 are included. The positioning device 111 can locate the position of the vehicle based on the global positioning system (GPS), China's Beidou system, Russia's GLONASS system, Europe's Galileo system, Japan's Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), India's Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) and other positioning systems to obtain the position information of the vehicle. The map information storage device 112 stores map information, and can obtain a navigation path leading to the destination according to the position information obtained from the positioning device 111, and display the position information and the navigation path in the map application.

[0029] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the environment detection device group 120 may include an on-vehicle communication device 121, a radar 122, a laser rangefinder 123, and a camera 124. These devices can acquire environmental information representing the surrounding environment of the vehicle.

[0030] The vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can communicate wirelessly with one or more devices directly or via a communication network. These devices that can communicate with the vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can be other vehicles, roadside machines or roadside stations, or mobile terminal devices used by people in the vehicle. In some examples, the vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can use 3G cellular communication, such as code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), EVDO, global system for mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM) / general packet radio service technology (general packet radio service, GPRS), or 4G cellular communication, such as long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), or 5G cellular communication. In some examples, the vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can also use Wi-Fi to communicate with a wireless local area network (wireless local area network, WLAN). In some embodiments, the vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can also use infrared links, Bluetooth or ZigBee to communicate directly with devices. In some examples, the vehicle-mounted communication device 121 can also use other wireless protocols to communicate with devices.

[0031] The radar 122 is used to sense objects in the surrounding environment of the vehicle, and can also be used to sense the speed and / or direction of these objects. In some examples, the radar 122 can use electromagnetic waves or lasers as a medium to detect objects based on a time of flight (TOF) method or a phase-shift method, and detect the position of the detected object, the distance to the detected object, and the relative speed. In some examples, in order to be able to detect objects located in front of, behind, or to the side of the vehicle, the radar 122 can be configured at an appropriate position outside the vehicle.

[0032] The laser rangefinder 123 may utilize laser light to sense objects in the environment in which the host vehicle is located. In some embodiments, the laser rangefinder 123 may include one or more laser sources, a laser scanner, and one or more detectors, among other system components.

[0033] The camera 124 can be used to capture multiple images of the surrounding environment of the vehicle. The camera 124 can be a static camera or a video camera. In some examples, in order to obtain the external image of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be located at an appropriate position outside the vehicle. For example, in order to obtain the image in front of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be configured in the interior of the vehicle close to the front windshield. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be configured around the front bumper or radiator grille. In some examples, in order to obtain the image behind the vehicle, the camera 124 can be configured in the interior of the vehicle close to the rear window glass. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be configured around the rear bumper, trunk or tailgate. In some examples, in order to obtain the image of the side of the vehicle, the camera 124 can be configured in the interior of the vehicle close to at least one of the side windows. Alternatively, the camera 124 can be configured around the side mirrors, fenders or doors.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the vehicle driving state detection device group 130 may include: a steering angle sensor 131 for detecting the steering angle of the vehicle, a vehicle speed sensor 132 for detecting the driving speed of the vehicle, and an acceleration sensor 133 for detecting the acceleration applied to the vehicle. In some examples, as shown in the dotted box, an inertial sensor 134 for detecting the position and orientation change of the vehicle based on inertial acceleration may also be included. The inertial sensor 134 may be a combination of the acceleration sensor 133 and a gyroscope in a specific implementation process.

[0035] exist Figure 1In the embodiment, the data processing unit 140 can be implemented as a computing system having a memory, a processor, an input / output interface, and a bus connected to these. In some examples, the data processing unit 140 causes the processor to execute multiple commands through program instructions stored in the memory to process the data obtained by the navigation subsystem 110, the environment detection device group 120, and the vehicle driving state detection device group 130. In some examples, the data processing unit 140 can also partially or completely control the driving of the vehicle based on the processed data.

[0036] exist Figure 1 In the figure, as shown in the dotted box, the data processing unit 140, the display control unit 150 and the display unit 160 can serve as the main body of the head-up display (HUD) device 170. The display control unit 150 can process the received data processed by the data processing unit 140, or after receiving the data obtained by the navigation subsystem 110, the environment detection device group 120 and the vehicle driving state detection device group 130, to obtain display information to be displayed, and project the display information onto the windshield of the vehicle through the display unit 160 for display.

[0037] The Head Up Display (HUD) device projects the light of the display image output by the image source onto an imaging window (e.g., an imaging board, a windshield, etc.) through, for example, a reflective optical design, so as to display vehicle status information such as vehicle speed and fuel level, as well as indication information such as navigation and hazard warnings, at an appropriate position in front of the driver. This allows the driver to obtain relevant information such as vehicle speed and fuel level without shifting his line of sight away from the road ahead, thereby improving the driving safety factor and driving experience.

[0038] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The head-up display device can be arranged on a vehicle, and the vehicle includes a windshield 204 located at the front of the vehicle. The driver and passengers in the vehicle cabin 208 can see the front of the vehicle through the windshield 204.

[0039] exist Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, the windshield 204 is visually located above the vehicle dashboard 206. The driver can turn the steering wheel 210 in the passenger cabin 208 to steer the vehicle, such as changing lanes, merging and parking the vehicle. In some embodiments, the steering wheel 210 can be retracted or omitted.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 , head-up display device 170 (see Figure 4) displays information 212 (eg, a virtual image) onto a portion of windshield 204 through one or more apertures (eg, aperture 216) in instrument panel 206. Figure 4 An example size of display information 212 is shown, but display information 212 may be presented over a larger or smaller area. Examples of display information 212 include various vehicle information, such as current vehicle speed, current gear of the vehicle's transmission, engine speed, vehicle direction, current infotainment system settings, and / or other vehicle information. Heads-up display device 170 provides information to the vehicle driver without the driver having to look away from objects in front of the vehicle.

[0041] See also Figure 4 In the exemplary implementation architecture of the head-up display device 170 shown in FIG. 1 , the display control unit 150 generates a signal 42 based on the data processed by the data processing unit 40 or the data 420 transmitted by the navigation subsystem 110, the environment detection device group 20, and the vehicle driving state detection device group 30. The communication control circuit is provided in the data processing unit 40 and transmits the display information to the display control unit 150.

[0042] The display unit 160 may include a light source 161 and an optical path component 162. The light source 161 outputs light (e.g., a virtual image) based on a signal 42 from the display control unit 150 to display on the windshield 204. For example, the light source 161 may include one or more lasers and output red light, green light, and blue light, that is, the light source 161 may include an image source display screen, that is, a projection component.

[0043] The optical path assembly 162 may reflect the output of the light source 161 onto the windshield 204 through the aperture 216. A viewer (eg, a driver) may view the display information 212 in a display area projected onto the windshield 204. In some examples, reference is made to Figure 4 and 5 , the optical path component 162 may include a magnifying imaging lens group, which may include one or more reflectors 50 (plane mirrors) and concave mirrors (magnifying glasses). The output of the light source 161 is reflected by the reflector and magnified by the concave mirror and then reflected to the windshield 204 to form a virtual image 40 that can be visually observed by the driver and presented to the human eye 60. The visual effect presented by the virtual image 40 is that the virtual image 40 is projected onto a projection surface 41 at a set distance in front of the vehicle, but the real environment remains visible through the projection surface 41. In some examples, the optical path component 162 may also be omitted, and the light source 161 may project the display information 212 directly onto the windshield 204 to form a virtual image 40 on the projection surface 41.

[0044] The existing HUD system faces a key problem in actual use, namely sunlight backflow. Due to the light transmittance of the windshield, external sunlight can penetrate the windshield into the HUD and enter the image source surface of the picture generation unit (PGU) in the opposite direction of the display light. This phenomenon is called sunlight backflow. Taking the common HUD that uses an LCD display as an image generation unit as an example, the light energy of sunlight backflow is absorbed by the LCD display, causing the temperature of the display to rise. This can easily cause damage to the display in the long run, affecting the service life and display effect of the HUD.

[0045] Based on this, the present disclosure first provides a projection assembly, referring to Figure 6 The projection assembly may include a projection component 164 and a selective light-transmitting unit 163 including a light-transmitting area. The projection component 164 is used to generate and project projection light that can form a projection image; the selective light-transmitting unit 163 including a light-transmitting area can make the light transmittance of a target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting area greater than the light transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to the projection light corresponding to the target element in the projection image, so that the projection light corresponding to the target element passes through the target light-transmitting area.

[0046] By setting up the selective light-transmitting unit 163, the transmittance of the target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting area can be made greater than the transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to the projection light corresponding to the target element in the projection image, thereby ensuring that the projection light corresponding to the target element can be efficiently transmitted, solving the shortcomings of the existing projection components in terms of display effect and light utilization efficiency, achieving fine control of the projected image, and improving the contrast of the image. At the same time, when facing a complex light environment, it can effectively reduce the interference of background light, protect the projection component 164 from damage by strong light, and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0047] In some examples, the projection component 164 is responsible for generating the projection light required to form the projection image. The image data generated by the image source can be converted into a light signal, and the light signal is projected onto the selective light transmission unit 163 through the optical system. The projection component 164 projects the generated projection light onto the selective light transmission unit 163 to ensure that the light can accurately pass through the target light transmission area to form a clear projection image.

[0048] The projection component 164 may include a high-brightness light source, such as an LED (light-emitting diode) or a laser. These light sources can provide stable and high-intensity light to ensure the brightness of the projected image. The projection component 164 contains an image generating unit, such as an LCD (liquid crystal display) display, an LCOS (liquid crystal on silicon) display, or a DLP (digital light processing) chip. These image generating units can convert digital image data into optical signals and project them through an optical system.

[0049] In some examples, reference Figure 7 The selective light transmission unit 163 can adopt a multi-layer composite structure, including a first conductive layer 1634 made of a transparent conductive material (such as ITO), a photoconductive layer 1633 composed of a photosensitive material (such as SnO2), a dimming layer 1632 formed of an electrochromic material (such as NbN), and a second conductive layer 1631.

[0050] The first conductive layer 1634 is disposed adjacent to the projection component 164, the photoconductive layer 1633 is located above the first conductive layer 1634, that is, located on the side of the first conductive layer 1634 away from the projection component 164, the dimming layer 1632 is sandwiched between the photoconductive layer 1633 and the second conductive layer 1631, and the second conductive layer 1631 is located on the side of the dimming layer 1632 away from the photoconductive layer 1633. Each layer forms a closed electric field loop through transparent conductive materials, the resistivity of the photoconductive layer 1633 is dynamically controlled by the projection light, and the transmittance of the dimming layer 1632 is adjusted in real time as the voltage on both sides changes.

[0051] When the projection light penetrates the first conductive layer 1634 and irradiates the photoconductive layer 1633, the resistivity of the photoconductive layer 1633 decreases due to the light intensity, resulting in an increase in the voltage between the first conductive layer 1634 and the second conductive layer 1631; the dimming layer 1632 triggers the electrochromic effect based on the voltage change, thereby increasing the transmittance of the light-transmitting area and ensuring efficient passage of the display light. The photoconductive layer 1633 in the unilluminated area maintains a high resistivity, and the dimming layer 1632 has a low transmittance, blocking the backflow of external light. This process is completely driven by the energy of the projection light and does not require external active control.

[0052] Specifically, when the projection component 164 emits a target display light (such as an LED or laser light source), the light penetrates the first conductive layer 1634 (transparent conductive layer) and irradiates the photoconductive layer 1633 (photosensitive material layer). When the photosensitive material in the photoconductive layer 1633 is irradiated with a specific wavelength (such as 450-650nm visible light), the internal carrier concentration increases significantly with the increase of light intensity, causing the resistivity to change from a high resistance state (for example, 10 6 Ω·cm) quickly decreases to a low resistance state (e.g. 10 2 Ω·cm). The specific setting of the specific wavelength may vary according to the different projection components 164, and will not be described in detail in this exemplary embodiment.

[0053] The photoconductive layer 1633, the first conductive layer 1634, and the second conductive layer 1631 together form a series circuit. In the illuminated area, the resistance of the photoconductive layer 1633 decreases, causing the total resistance of the circuit to decrease. Under the drive of an external constant voltage (such as 3V), the voltage division between the first conductive layer 1634 and the second conductive layer 1631 increases significantly (for example, from 0.5V to 2.5V); while the photoconductive layer 1633 in the unilluminated area maintains a high resistance, and the voltage division is maintained at a low level (such as 0.5V).

[0054] The dimming layer 1632 (e.g., electrochromic material NbN) is sandwiched between the photoconductive layer 1633 and the second conductive layer 1631, and its transmittance is positively correlated with the voltage on both sides. In the illuminated area, the voltage increase triggers the redox reaction of the dimming layer 1632. For example, when the voltage is ≥ 2V, the Nb in NbN 30 Reduced to Nb 0 , the material lattice structure expands, and the visible light transmittance increases from 5% to more than 80%, allowing the projection light to penetrate efficiently. When the voltage is ≤1V, the material is in an oxidized state (Nb 30 ), the lattice contraction causes the light reflectivity to increase, and the transmittance drops to below 5%, thereby blocking the external ambient light from entering the projection component 164 in reverse.

[0055] In some examples, the dimming layer 1632 may also be made of other materials. When the voltage and electric field at both ends of the dimming layer are different, the dimming layer will have different transmittances. Figure 8 , the dimming layer is a liquid crystal layer, and the selective light transmission unit 163 may further include a polarizer 1635, which is located on the side of the second conductive layer 1631 away from the dimming layer. When the light guide layer 1633 is in the "on state", there is voltage on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, and the target display light from the projection component 164 is modulated by the liquid crystal layer and can pass through the subsequent polarizer 1635 and pass through the selective light transmission unit 163 in the form of high transmittance. When the light guide layer 1633 is in the "off state", there is no voltage on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, and the target display light from the projection component 164 is not modulated by the liquid crystal layer and cannot pass through the subsequent polarizer 1635, and the display light cannot pass through the selective light transmission unit 163.

[0056] It should be noted that the on state is when the photoconductive layer 1633 is in the low resistance state, and the off state is when the photoconductive layer 1633 is in the high resistance state.

[0057] The change in transmittance only occurs in the local area corresponding to the spatial position of the projected light, that is, the target light-transmitting area, achieving the adaptive effect of "display is light-transmitting, no light is light-shielding". The entire process does not require external active control, but only relies on the energy of the projected light to drive the resistance change of the photoconductive layer 1633, and completes the transmittance adjustment through the closed loop of the electroluminescent effect, which can reduce system power consumption.

[0058] In some examples, the selective light transmission unit 163 may include multiple light transmission areas, and the selective light transmission unit 163 is divided into multiple independently controllable light transmission areas, and the physical size of each light transmission area dynamically matches the average size of the display element and UI unit in the projected image. The size of the display element is determined by the type of data received by the projection component 164.

[0059] For example, the received data types may include character data, image data, etc., which are not described in detail in this example implementation. When the display elements are mainly characters and the average size is 0.5-2mm, the light-transmitting area is synchronously adjusted to the same order of magnitude. When the display elements are images or videos, if the display element size is increased to 2-5mm, the light-transmitting area is expanded to adapt to the dynamic picture block. The image processing module analyzes the pixel distribution characteristics of the projected content in real time, extracts the average size parameters of the display elements, and feeds back to the light-transmitting unit control circuit to drive the physical size of the light-transmitting area or the number of activated areas to adjust.

[0060] In some examples, after the projection component 164 receives the data, the classification module identifies the data type (text, image, video) and extracts the size statistics of the display element (such as the median pixel area). The control circuit converts the size parameter into a driving signal for the light-transmitting area, for example, by adjusting the activation range of the matrix electrode to change the area division of the selective light-transmitting unit.

[0061] In some examples, the geometric shape of the light-transmitting area (such as a circle, rectangle, irregular polygon) is consistent with the contour features of the display element in the projected image. For example, text data corresponds to a rectangular light-transmitting area, chart data is adapted to a circle / polygon, and natural images dynamically generate irregular shapes. The image processing module performs edge detection on the projected content and generates a binary contour map of the display element. The contour map is converted into an electrode control signal to activate the microelectrode at the corresponding position to adjust the division method of the light-transmitting area so that the dimming layer 1632 forms a high light-transmitting window in the target light-transmitting area.

[0062] The light-transmitting area division method of the selective light-transmitting unit 163 is strongly related to the scene type of the received data. For example, in a HUD scene, the light-transmitting area can be dynamically adjusted according to the position distribution and shape of the display elements, such as Fig. 9 As shown, it is divided into a plurality of rectangular areas along a first direction (such as a horizontal direction) to adapt to the linearly arranged vehicle speed and navigation information; or Fig.10 As shown, dense array division is adopted to accurately match complex road condition icons. The division timing can be pre-fixed (such as the HUD default matrix), or dynamically generated based on real-time data analysis, that is, the image processing module extracts the size and shape characteristics of the display elements and drives the electrode array to reconstruct the light-transmitting area, realizing the adaptive matching of "content is light-transmitting".

[0063] Specifically, in the display Fig.11 When the content is shown, the shaded area is the target light-transmitting area, that is, the area illuminated by the projection light projected by the projection component 164 is determined as the above-mentioned target light-transmitting area.

[0064] Optionally, the specific size of each light-transmitting area can also be set according to the total size of the selective light-transmitting unit 163, that is, the size of the light-transmitting area is positively correlated with the total size of the selective light-transmitting unit 163, and can also be set according to user needs, which is not repeated in this example.

[0065] In some other exemplary embodiments, the light-transmitting areas may be divided as follows: Fig.12 In the dense grid division method shown, the size of the light-transmitting unit is negatively correlated with the ability to block external light, that is, the smaller the size of the light-transmitting unit, the stronger the ability to prevent "sunbackflow". The specific division method can be customized based on user needs and will not be elaborated in this example implementation.

[0066] In some examples, the selective light-transmitting unit 163 can cover the light outlet of the projection component 164 in a fully fitted manner, having both optical control and physical protection functions. Its edges can be fixed by laser welding or optical adhesive sealing, which can block strong light intrusion and prevent internal optical components (such as CMOS sensors) from performance degradation due to overexposure or heat accumulation. In the embodiment, the vehicle-mounted HUD dynamically adjusts the light-transmitting area according to the driving mode. For example, in the highway mode, the light-transmitting area is long and strip-shaped, which is suitable for the vehicle speed display; it switches to array division under complex road conditions.

[0067] Furthermore, the present disclosure also discloses a projection device, referring to Fig.13 , may include the projection assembly and the projected component 1200 in the above embodiment, wherein the projected component 1200 is used to receive the projection light and display the above projection image. Specifically, the projected component 1200 is the final bearing interface of the projection light, including but not limited to a screen, a transparent medium (such as glass, resin) or an optical waveguide device. Its surface receives the projection light modulated by the selective light transmission unit 163, and forms a visible image based on the incident light intensity distribution, that is, the above projection image. In some examples, the projected component 1200 is a light-transmitting projected component 1200.

[0068] It should be noted that the specific details of the projection component have been described in detail above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0069] Furthermore, the present disclosure also provides a head-up display device, including the above-mentioned projection device.

[0070] It should be noted that the specific details of the projection device have been described in detail above, so they will not be repeated here.

[0071] In some examples, the head-up display device may further include a magnifying imaging lens group, wherein the magnifying imaging lens group includes at least one concave / free-form surface reflector for magnifying the projected image and adjusting the virtual image field angle. The selective light transmission unit 163 is disposed between the magnifying reflector and the projection component 164. Fig.14 The projection component 164 can be the light source 161 in the display unit, the magnifying imaging lens group includes a plurality of magnifying reflectors 50, the selective light transmission unit 163 is between the magnifying imaging lens group and the light source 161, and the projected component is the windshield 204. The projection light emitted by the light source 161 can pass through the selective light transmission unit 163 and the magnifying imaging lens group to be reflected and irradiated on the windshield 204, and form a virtual image 40, and present the image to the human eye 60 at the same time. After passing through the windshield 204 and the magnifying imaging lens group, the sunlight is blocked by the selective light transmission unit 163 and will not cause damage to the light source 161.

[0072] In other examples, refer to Fig.15 The magnifying imaging lens group includes a plurality of magnifying reflectors 50, which form a folded optical path to compress the device volume. The selective light transmission unit 163 is embedded in the optical path between the multiple reflectors.

[0073] The projection component 164 can be the light source 161 in the display unit, the magnifying imaging lens group includes a plurality of magnifying reflectors 50, the selective light-transmitting unit 163 is between the plurality of magnifying reflectors 50 in the magnifying imaging lens group, the projected component is the windshield 204, the projection light emitted by the light source 161 can pass through the selective light-transmitting unit 163 and the magnifying imaging lens group to be reflected and irradiated on the windshield 204, and form a virtual image 40, while presenting the image to the human eye 60, when the sunlight passes through the windshield 204 and the magnifying reflectors 50 in the magnifying imaging lens group, it is blocked by the selective light-transmitting unit 163 arranged between the magnifying reflectors 50, and will not cause damage to the light source 161.

[0074] The present disclosure significantly improves the projection display performance through the dynamic optical path control mechanism of the selective light transmission unit 163. The unit adopts a multi-layer composite structure (such as ITO conductive layer, SnO2 photoconductive layer 1633, NbN electrochromic layer), and uses the energy of the projection light itself to drive the adaptive change of the light transmission area, so as to achieve the precise matching of "display is light transmission" and effectively suppress the interference of ambient light. Combined with the high-brightness light source and the image processing module, the size and shape of the light transmission area can be adapted to the display content (text, image, video) in real time. At the same time, through the folding optical path design of the magnifying glass group and the multi-reflector collaborative compensation mechanism, the virtual image field angle and the compactness of the equipment are taken into account to meet the scene requirements of vehicle-mounted HUD, AR glasses, etc. The selective light transmission unit 163 will not block the projection light while blocking the sunlight from entering the display screen, so it will not cause a decrease in display brightness, and can prevent external strong light from damaging the projection component 164.

[0075] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the inventions claimed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not claimed in the present disclosure.

[0077] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A projection assembly, characterized in that: include: A projection component, used for generating and projecting a projection light capable of forming a projection image; A selective light-transmitting unit including a light-transmitting area can make the transmittance of a target light-transmitting area in the light-transmitting area greater than the transmittance of other light-transmitting areas according to the projection light corresponding to the target element in the projection image, so that the projection light corresponding to the target element passes through the target light-transmitting area.

2. The projection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selective light transmission unit comprises: A first conductive layer is disposed on a side of the selective light transmission unit close to the projection component; A photoconductive layer, arranged on a side of the first conductive layer away from the projection component, wherein the projection light corresponding to the target element can cause the resistivity of the photoconductive layer to change; A second conductive layer is arranged on a side of the photoconductive layer away from the first conductive layer, and a change in the resistivity of the photoconductive layer causes a change in the voltage between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer; The dimming layer is disposed between the photoconductive layer and the second conductive layer, and is used for adjusting the transmittance of the light-transmitting area of ​​the selective light-transmitting unit according to the voltage change between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

3. The projection assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The selective light transmission unit is configured to include a plurality of light transmission areas, and the size of the light transmission area is positively correlated with the average size of the display elements in the projected image; The size of the display element is determined according to the data type received by the projection component.

4. The projection assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The selective light transmission unit is configured to include a plurality of light transmission areas, and the light transmission areas are determined according to the display shape of the display element in the projected image; The display shape of the display element is determined according to the data type received by the projection component.

5. The projection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selective light transmission unit is arranged at the light outlet of the projection component and covers the light outlet.

6. A projection device, characterized in that: include: The projection assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5; as well as The projected component is used to receive the projection light and display the projection image.

7. The projection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The projected component is a light-transmissive projected component.

8. A head-up display device, characterized in that: include: The projection device according to claim 6 or 7.

9. The head-up display device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The head-up display device further includes: A magnifying imaging lens group, comprising at least one magnifying reflector; The selective light transmission unit is arranged between the magnifying imaging lens group and the projection component.

10. The head-up display device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The head-up display device further includes: A magnifying imaging lens group, including a plurality of magnifying reflectors; The selective light transmission unit is arranged between the plurality of magnifying reflectors.

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