A soil conditioner and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of soil improver and preparation method thereof, belong to soil improvement medicament formula technical field, the soil improver provided in the application includes pH conditioner 0-10 parts, nutrient conditioner 20-40 parts and moisture conditioner 0-10 parts, and the pH conditioner and moisture conditioner are not 0 parts, the combination significantly improves the characteristics that saline-alkali soil is difficult to form water stable aggregate, enhances the water retention and air permeability of soil, so as to significantly improve the emergence rate of crops and promote its growth.The experimental results show that the soil improver can significantly reduce the pH of soil, improve the emergence rate of soybean and the accumulation of dry matter mass, and create a more suitable environment for soybean growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil amendment formulation technology, and specifically relates to a soil amendment and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] According to the soil classification and grading standards for agricultural use of saline-alkali land, soil with an alkalinity greater than 45% is identified as saline-alkali wasteland, i.e., extremely severe saline-alkali soil. This type of soil is extremely unfavorable for crop growth; only a few highly salt-tolerant crops can achieve relatively ideal yields in this environment. Therefore, such land is usually difficult to use directly for agricultural production and requires soil improvement measures.

[0003] Soil conditioners are preparations that improve soil structure and physicochemical properties. When applied to the soil, they improve soil structure, increase soil nutrients, and retain soil moisture. Their application is becoming increasingly widespread in curbing soil degradation, improving low- and medium-yield farmland, and increasing soil volume and water storage. Simultaneously, soil conditioners are already widely used in crop production, forest protection, grassland production, urban greening, highway greening, and flower production.

[0004] Currently, there are roughly four methods and technologies for improving and utilizing saline-alkali land in China: physical improvement, water conservancy improvement, chemical improvement, and biological improvement. These methods have brought significant benefits to agricultural production on saline-alkali land. However, each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, physical methods such as bottom sealing and soil elevation require excessive investment; water conservancy methods such as large-scale land washing waste water resources; biological methods such as microbial fertilizers, while a sustainable measure, suffer from problems such as limited microbial strains and low survival rates; and current chemical improvement methods have limited performance and must be mixed with other substances to form multifunctional soil conditioners. Patent CN101514290A discloses the use of the synthetic organic polymer polyacrylamide (PAM) as a highly efficient water and fertilizer retention material, and patent CN102517030A discloses the application of PAM as a sodium ion adsorbent to improve soil. However, the intermediate product of PAM degradation is acryloyl, which is toxic. Whether the application of PAM as a soil conditioner will cause soil pollution in the long run warrants further attention and in-depth research. Patent CN1317539A discloses a soil conditioner composed of polycis-succinic acid, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, and water. It boasts advantages such as simple preparation process, low cost, and convenient operation. Its principle is to use a single acid to lower the pH value for desalination and alkalinity reduction. However, its effectiveness in improving soil fertility and structure requires further refinement. Currently, there is no effective soil conditioner in the existing technology specifically designed for the severely soda-saline-alkali soil stress environment of the Songnen Plain. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil conditioner and its preparation method to solve the problems existing in the prior art. This invention develops a soil conditioner for severely saline-alkali soils, aiming to improve soil properties and promote soybean growth and development. Currently, there is a lack of conditioners on the market that can effectively improve severely saline-alkali soils. This invention proposes an innovative conditioner combination: pyrolytic straw biochar, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and a solution with a viscosity of 20 × 10⁻⁶. 4 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (mPa·s).

[0006] One of the technical solutions provided by this invention:

[0007] A soil conditioner, by mass parts, comprises the following components: 0-10 parts of pH conditioner, 20-40 parts of nutrient conditioner, and 0-10 parts of moisture conditioner, wherein the pH conditioner and the moisture conditioner are not both 0 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the soil conditioner comprises the following components by weight: 6.8 parts of pH conditioner, 20 parts of nutrient conditioner, and 4 parts of moisture conditioner.

[0009] Preferably, the pH conditioner is anhydrous aluminum sulfate, the nutrient conditioner is straw biochar, and the moisture conditioner is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0010] Preferably, the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl fiber is 6 × 10⁻⁶. 4 -20×10 4 More preferably, the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methyl fiber is 20 × 10 mPa·s. 4 mPa.s.

[0011] The second technical solution provided by this invention:

[0012] A method for preparing the above-mentioned soil conditioner involves weighing raw materials according to their mass percentages, mixing the raw materials thoroughly, and thus obtaining the soil conditioner.

[0013] The third technical solution provided by this invention:

[0014] Application of the above-mentioned soil conditioner in improving extremely severe soda saline-alkali soil.

[0015] Preferably, the soil conditioner is added to extremely severe soda saline-alkali soil, and the soil conditioner accounts for 3.08% of the soil weight.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0017] The soil conditioner provided by this invention comprises 20 parts of corn straw pyrolysis biochar, 6.8 parts of anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and 4 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. This combination significantly improves the characteristic of saline-alkali soils that are difficult to form water-stable aggregates, enhances soil water retention and aeration, thereby significantly increasing crop emergence rate and promoting crop growth. Experimental results show that this soil conditioner can significantly reduce soil pH, increase soybean emergence rate and dry matter accumulation, and create a more suitable environment for soybean growth. This invention provides effective guidance for soybean cultivation in the saline-alkali land of the Songnen Plain, and also provides a recommended ratio of various conditioners in a soil conditioner for the improvement of saline-alkali soils and crop production in this region. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 The effects of different soil conditioners on soybean emergence rate;

[0020] Figure 2 The effects of different concentrations of pH conditioner B on pH and electrical conductivity of saline-alkali soil;

[0021] Figure 3 The effects of different concentrations of nutrient conditioner A on readily available nutrients in saline-alkali soil;

[0022] Figure 4 The effects of different concentrations of moisture conditioner A on soybean emergence rate and soil moisture content;

[0023] Figure 5 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on pH;

[0024] Figure 6 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on pH;

[0025] Figure 7 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on pH;

[0026] Figure 8 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on conductivity;

[0027] Figure 9 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on conductivity;

[0028] Figure 10 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on conductivity;

[0029] Figure 11 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and water conditioner A on seedling emergence rate;

[0030] Figure 12 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on seedling emergence rate;

[0031] Figure 13 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on seedling emergence rate;

[0032] Figure 14 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on dry matter weight;

[0033] Figure 15 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on dry matter mass;

[0034] Figure 16 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on dry matter weight;

[0035] Figure 17 The effect of HPMC viscosity on cumulative infiltration rate;

[0036] Figure 18 The effect of HPMC viscosity on soil infiltration rate;

[0037] Figure 19 This is a solute breakthrough curve under different HPMC viscosity conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0040] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0041] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0042] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0043] The room temperature in this invention refers to 25±2℃.

[0044] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil conditioner and its preparation method. The soil conditioner formula provided by this invention can solve the damage to the soil caused by extremely severe soda saline-alkali soil, and play a role in comprehensively improving the soil and promoting plant growth.

[0045] This invention has screened various substances that can improve soda-saline-alkali soil, and obtained pyrolytic straw biochar, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and a material with a viscosity of 20 × 10⁻⁶ with good improvement effects. 4 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with a viscosity of mPa·s. This invention utilizes screened pyrolytic straw biochar, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and a viscosity of 20 × 10⁻⁶ mPa·s. 4 The effects of applying hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HMC) at concentration gradients were determined using concentration gradient experiments. Results showed that excessively high concentrations of HMC may cause difficulties in crop emergence, while excessively high concentrations of aluminum sulfate can lead to changes in soil salinity and increased electrical conductivity. Corn straw pyrolysis biochar is expensive, and large-scale application would increase costs.

[0046] To address the above problems, this invention employs response surface methodology to conduct combined formulation experiments, resulting in a soil conditioner suitable for severely saline-alkali soils. This conditioner comprises 20 parts corn straw pyrolysis biochar, 6.8 parts aluminum sulfate, and 4 parts hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. It effectively solves the aforementioned problems and mitigates the damage caused by severely saline-alkali soils, comprehensively improving soil conditions and promoting plant growth. The pyrolysis straw biochar is a product obtained from the high-temperature pyrolysis of corn straw; the anhydrous aluminum sulfate refers to aluminum sulfate without moisture, an insoluble inorganic compound composed of metallic aluminum and sulfate ions; and the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is a type of nonionic cellulose mixed ether, a semi-synthetic, inactive, viscoelastic polymer.

[0047] This invention employs response surface methodology to optimize the formulation of conditioners, providing more accurate and clearer results compared to traditional formulation methods. This is achieved by reducing the application amounts of biochar and aluminum sulfate, and by innovatively introducing a viscosity of 20 × 10⁻⁶. 4 This invention, using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HMC) at concentrations of mPa·s, effectively addresses the problems of excessive biochar application and high costs, as well as the increased electrical conductivity caused by aluminum sulfate altering soil salinity in previous studies. It also clarifies the optimal concentration of HMC, thus avoiding the inhibitory effects on crop growth caused by excessive concentrations. By adjusting the application concentration ranges of pyrolytic straw biochar, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and HMC in soda-alkali soils, and through combined experiments, it solves the problems of increased soil improvement costs, increased soil salinity, and hindered crop emergence that may result from inappropriate application of the three conditioners.

[0048] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned soil conditioner: weigh corn stalk pyrolysis biochar, aluminum sulfate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose according to the weight ratio, mix them evenly in a mixer to obtain the soil conditioner, wherein the mixing speed is 300-400 r / min.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, citric acid was purchased from Henan Chuanghua Chemical Products Co., Ltd., anhydrous aluminum sulfate was purchased from Tianjin Zhiyuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., wood vinegar was purchased from Qingdao Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was purchased from Hengke Biotechnology Co., Ltd., attapulgite was purchased from Lingshou County Dehang Mineral Products Co., Ltd., sodium polyacrylate was purchased from Henan Feishi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., microbial inoculant was purchased from Taian Chenhui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and fulvic acid was purchased from Taian Chenhui Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0050] This invention uses samples from Sartu area of ​​Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil in this area has a pH of 10.05, an electrical conductivity of 96.77 μS / cm, and an alkalinity of 60%. Experiments were conducted by screening and combining different soil conditioners.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Pyrolytic straw biochar was prepared by pyrolyzing crushed corn stalks at 500℃ for 60 minutes.

[0053] Example 2: Screening of Soil Conditioners

[0054] In this embodiment, citric acid, anhydrous aluminum sulfate, and wood vinegar were used as pH conditioners; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, attapulgite, and sodium polyacrylate were used as moisture conditioners; and pyrolytic straw biochar, humic acid, and microbial agents were used as nutrient conditioners. The amount of soil conditioner added in the 0-5cm soil layer was used as the experimental factor, and the experiment was repeated three times. The above-mentioned conditioners were added according to the recommended dosage (percentage of soil weight) to compare and analyze their effects. Specifically, the pH conditioner, moisture conditioner, and nutrient conditioner were added to the soil according to the mass ratio in Table 1 and mixed thoroughly. After the soybeans emerged, the emergence rate was measured.

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] The effects of different types of soil conditioners on soybean emergence rate under saline-alkali stress were analyzed, and the results are shown in the table below. Figure 1 The effects of different soil conditioners on soybean emergence rate were shown, with different lowercase letters indicating significant differences (P < 0.05). Among pH conditioners, pH conditioner B had a significantly greater effect on soybean emergence rate compared to the control (CK). Among water conditioners, water conditioner A had a significantly greater effect on soybean emergence rate compared to the control (CK). Among nutrient conditioners, nutrient conditioner A had a significantly greater effect on soybean emergence rate compared to the control (CK). Therefore, pH conditioner B, water conditioner A, and nutrient conditioner A were selected as materials for subsequent compound experiments of soil conditioners in saline-alkali land.

[0058] Example 3 Single-factor concentration experiment

[0059] Based on the results of Example 1, pH conditioner B (anhydrous aluminum sulfate) and moisture conditioner A (viscosity 20 × 10⁻⁶) were selected. 4 Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (mPa.s), nutrient conditioner A (pyrolytic straw biochar) was selected as the best conditioner. After comparing and analyzing the effects of different concentrations of single conditioners, a single-factor concentration gradient experiment was conducted on the selected soil conditioners to explore the optimal concentration of a single conditioner. The concentration gradient experiment design scheme is shown in Table 2 Single-factor experiment concentration gradient table.

[0060] Table 2

[0061]

[0062] The pH and electrical conductivity of soil under saline-alkali stress were analyzed using different concentrations of pH conditioner B (anhydrous aluminum sulfate) as shown in Table 2. The results are as follows: Figure 2 The effects of different concentrations of pH conditioner B on pH and electrical conductivity of saline-alkali soils are shown. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The concentrations of pH conditioner B applied (1)(2)(3)(4) significantly affected soil pH compared to the control (CK), with soil pH decreasing as the concentration of pH conditioner B increased. The concentrations of pH conditioner B applied (2)(3)(4) significantly affected soil electrical conductivity compared to the control (CK), with soil electrical conductivity increasing as the concentration of pH conditioner B increased. Considering all factors, a concentration range of 0-1% for pH conditioner B was selected.

[0063] The available nutrients in soil under salt-alkali stress were analyzed using nutrient conditioner A (pyrolytic straw biochar) at different concentrations as shown in Table 2. The results are as follows: Figure 3 The effects of different concentrations of nutrient conditioner A on available nutrients in saline-alkali soil are shown. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The concentrations of nutrient conditioner A (1)(2)(3)(4) had no significant effect on available N compared with CK. The concentration of nutrient conditioner A (4) had a significant effect on available K compared with CK. The available K of soil increased with the higher concentration of nutrient conditioner A. The concentrations of nutrient conditioner A (2)(3)(4) had a significant effect on available P compared with CK. Considering all factors, the concentration range of nutrient conditioner A was selected as 2-4%.

[0064] Select moisture conditioner A (viscosity 20×10) at different concentrations as shown in Table 2. 4 The effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (mPa·s) on soybean emergence rate and soil moisture content were analyzed, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 The effects of different concentrations of water conditioner A on soybean emergence rate and soil moisture content are shown. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The concentrations of water conditioner A (1)(2)(3)(4) significantly affected soil moisture content compared to the control (CK), with soil moisture content increasing with increasing concentrations of water conditioner A. The concentrations of water conditioner A (2)(3) significantly affected soybean emergence rate compared to the control (CK), with the emergence rate first increasing and then decreasing with increasing concentrations of water conditioner A, reaching a peak at concentration (2). Considering all factors, a concentration range of 0-1% for water conditioner A was selected.

[0065] Example 4: Soil Conditioner Formulation Test

[0066] Based on Example 3, this example uses response surface methodology to conduct compounding experiments and screen out the optimal compounding combination. The response surface experiment factors and levels are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Table 3

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Soybean plants and soil were sampled and analyzed on day 15 after emergence. Soybean plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight, and dry weight agronomic traits were measured. Soil samples were taken to measure pH, electrical conductivity, etc. The response surface methodology and experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0071] Table 4

[0072]

[0073] Germination rate = Number of germinations / Number of seeds sown × 100%.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] In this embodiment, to analyze the effects of the ratio of nutrient conditioner A, pH conditioner B, and moisture conditioner A on soybeans, Design-Expert 8.0.6 software was used, combined with the experimental data in Table 4, to establish quadratic regression fitting surfaces for the effects of the above different conditioner ratios on soil pH, electrical conductivity, emergence rate, and dry matter accumulation, and significance analysis was performed.

[0076] pH response surface methodology and significance test: Quadratic regression analysis was performed on pH (see Table 5). The fitted surface equation is: pH = 8.17 - 0.01204A - 0.5213B - 0.0175C + 0.0492AB - 0.0850AC + 0.0761A 2 +0.2227B 2 +0.0253C 2 The model P = 0.0001 < 0.01, and the lack-of-fit term P = 0.6526 > 0.05, indicating that the model fits the actual situation well. pH conditioner B has a highly significant effect on soil pH, while water conditioner B and nutrient conditioner A have no significant effect on plant height. The response surface and contour lines of the interaction between factors on pH are shown below. Figure 5-7 To illustrate the effect of various factors interacting on pH, contour lines visually reflect the significance of these interactions. The more elliptical the contour lines, the more significant the interaction; conversely, the more circular the contour lines, the less significant the interaction. Figure 5 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on pH. Figure 6 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on pH. Figure 7 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on pH. Figure 5-7The P values ​​in the data are all relatively large, and the contour lines are almost circles with a large radius, indicating that the interaction of various factors on soil pH is not significant.

[0077] Table 5

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Electrical conductivity response surface analysis and significance test: A quadratic regression analysis was performed on the soil electrical conductivity Ec (see Table 6). The significance analysis of the electrical conductivity regression model showed that the fitted surface equation was: Ec = 158.24 + 18.90A + 60.24B - 10.44C. The model P = 0.0001 < 0.01, and the lack-of-fit term P = 0.7729 > 0.05, indicating that the model fits the actual situation well. pH conditioner B has a highly significant effect on soil electrical conductivity, nutrient conditioner A has a significant effect on soil electrical conductivity, and water conditioner A has no significant effect. The response surface and contour lines of the interaction of various factors on electrical conductivity are shown below. Figure 8-10 The effect of the interaction of various factors on conductivity is shown in the figure. Figure 8 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on conductivity. Figure 9 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on conductivity. Figure 10 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on conductivity; Figure 8-10 The contour lines in the middle are almost circles with a large radius, and the interactions are not significant.

[0081] Table 6

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Response surface methodology and significance test of germination rate: A quadratic regression was performed on the germination rate (see Table 7). The regression model significance analysis showed that the fitted surface equation was: germination rate = 0.6839 - 0.0157A + 0.0417B + 0.0715C. The model P = 0.0294 < 0.05, and the lack-of-fit term P = 0.7814 > 0.05, indicating that the model fits the actual situation well. Moisture conditioner A had a significant effect on germination rate (P = 0.0106 < 0.05), while nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B had no significant effect. The response surface and contour lines of the interaction of factors on the germination rate are shown below. Figure 11-13 The effect of the interaction of various factors on the emergence rate is shown. Figure 11 The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and moisture conditioner A on seedling emergence rate. Figure 12The effect of the interaction between nutrient conditioner A and pH conditioner B on seedling emergence rate. Figure 13 The effect of the interaction between pH conditioner B and moisture conditioner A on germination rate. Figure 11-13 The intermediate elevation lines are almost parallel, and their interactions are not significant.

[0085] Table 7

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Response surface methodology and significance test for dry matter accumulation: A quadratic regression was performed on the dry matter mass (see Table 8 for significance analysis of the dry matter accumulation regression model). The fitted surface equation is: Dry matter = 0.2117 + 0.0006A - 0.0002B + 0.0082C - 0.0134AB + 0.0057AC + 0.0100BC - 0.0033A 2 -0.0157B 2 -0.0061C 2 The model P = 0.0325 < 0.05, and the lack-of-fit term P = 0.5760 > 0.05 indicates that the model fits the actual situation well. Moisture conditioner A has a significant effect on dry matter, while pH conditioner B and nutrient conditioner A have no significant effect. The response surface and contour lines of the interaction of factors on the yield are shown below. Figure 14-16 As shown in the figure, the effect of the interaction of various factors on the dry matter mass, AC( Figure 14 ), BC Figure 16 The p-values ​​of AB ( ) are all relatively large, the contour lines are almost circles with large radii, and the interactions are not significant. Figure 15 The fact that P = 0.0196 < 0.05 and the contour lines are elliptical indicates that the interaction is significant.

[0089] Table 8

[0090]

[0091] Example 6

[0092] Based on the results of Example 5, the optimal soil conditioner application scheme was obtained by using Design-Expert 8.0.6 software to maximize the expected soybean emergence rate, minimize the pH, minimize the electrical conductivity, and maximize the dry weight. As shown in Table 9, the optimal application scheme is: Nutrient Conditioner A 2.00%, pH Conditioner B 0.68%, and Moisture Conditioner A 0.40%. At this point, the soybean emergence rate is 70%, pH is 8.20, electrical conductivity is 163.40 μS / cm, and dry weight is 0.21 g. The model was validated and the error analysis is shown in Table 9. The model basically meets the expected results.

[0093] Table 9

[0094] Nutritional Conditioner A pH adjuster B Moisture Conditioner A Emergence rate (%) pH Ec dry weight 2 0.68 0.40 70 8.20 163.40 0.21

[0095] Table 10

[0096]

[0097] As can be seen from Tables 11, 12 and 13, this soil conditioner formula can effectively improve extremely severe soda saline-alkali soil, adjust the soil pH to 8.45, reduce soil alkalinity to 30-20%, and effectively increase soil organic matter.

[0098] Table 11

[0099] soil No improver added Add combination improver pH 10.05 8.45

[0100] Table 12

[0101] Soil alkalinity (%) No improver added Add combination improver 0-5cm 64.76273039 30.66512957 5-10cm 27.61979806 30.26275571 10-15cm 22.59378893 21.04442644 15-20cm 27.23817963 18.69769303

[0102] Table 13

[0103] Soil organic matter (g / kg) No improver added Add combination improver 0-5cm 17.96246143 50.12226576 5-10cm 16.56572698 96.61369609 10-15cm 16.47160703 32.9849411 15-20cm 15.96045537 20.37947896

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] The effects of HPMC viscosity on cumulative infiltration, soil infiltration rate, and solute penetration were investigated by adding four different types of HPMC (0.4% of soil weight) to four soil samples.

[0106] The measured curves of one-dimensional vertical cumulative infiltration for the blank group (CK) and for the application of four different viscosities of HPMC are shown in the figure. Figure 17 The effect of HPMC viscosity on cumulative infiltration showed that the cumulative infiltration of all five infiltration tests gradually increased over time, while the slope of the infiltration curves gradually decreased. This indicates that the viscosity of HPMC added to the soil does not change the trend of cumulative infiltration during one-dimensional vertical infiltration, and the infiltration patterns are generally the same. In the initial stage of infiltration, the overlap rate among the five cumulative infiltration curves was high; after 50 minutes, the differences between the curves gradually became apparent. Figure 17 It is easy to observe that, at the same time, the higher the viscosity of HPMC, the smaller the cumulative infiltration amount; for the same cumulative infiltration amount, the higher the viscosity, the longer the time required. During the infiltration process, the cumulative infiltration amount of the CK group was consistently the highest, at 20 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The mPa.s group consistently had the lowest value.

[0107] Applying HPMC of different viscosities has a significant impact on soil infiltration rate. Based on measured data, the soil infiltration rate with different HPMC viscosities is as follows: Figure 18 The effect of HPMC viscosity on soil infiltration rate is shown. Figure 18 It can be seen that after the experiment started, the infiltration of all five groups (the control group (CK) and four different viscosities of HPMC) proceeded at a relatively fast rate. The effect of HPMC viscosity on the infiltration rate was not very significant, but in the initial stage of the experiment, the infiltration rate decreased rapidly. When infiltration reached 25 minutes, the infiltration rate gradually slowed down, and at this point, a significant difference appeared between the infiltration rates of HPMC with different viscosities. At the same time, the higher the HPMC viscosity, the lower the infiltration rate. For the same soil column height, the control group ended infiltration at 60 minutes. Taking 51 minutes as an example, the infiltration rate of the control group decreased from 0.607 cm / min at the beginning to 0.127 cm / min. At this time, the HPMC viscosities were 2, 4, 10, and 20 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The infiltration rates of the various groups at mPa·s were 0.080, 0.073, 0.069, and 0.065 cm / min, respectively, which are equivalent to 62.99%, 57.48%, 54.33%, and 51.18% of the infiltration rate of the control group at that moment. After HPMC dissolves in water, the hydrophilic groups on the molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, forming a cage-like supramolecular gel network structure surrounded by water molecules. It is relatively stable at room temperature. However, this gel network structure becomes more complex with the increase of HPMC viscosity, which to some extent reduces the number of macropores and increases the number of micropores in the soil, thereby slowing down the average pore water flow rate in the soil. Therefore, as the viscosity of HPMC in the soil increases, the soil water infiltration rate decreases, that is, the infiltration rate gradually decreases.

[0108] Figure 19 The solute breakthrough curves under different HPMC viscosity conditions are shown below. Figure 19 It can be seen that, under the same hydraulic gradient, the solute breakthrough curves of soil columns with different viscosities of HPMC are similar to those of the CK group, both being S-shaped smooth curves. Under different HPMC viscosities, the S-shaped breakthrough curves show a gradual change trend, that is, as the HPMC viscosity increases, the trend of the relative concentration gradually increasing with the increase of the effluent slows down, and the tailing characteristics are more obvious. The number of pore volumes at complete breakthrough increases. Therefore, the addition of HPMC has a certain delaying effect on the soil solute transport process, and the higher the viscosity, the more obvious the delaying effect.

[0109] Applying HPMC of varying viscosities to soil can significantly reduce soil infiltration capacity and slow down water transport in the soil; HPMC viscosities range from 2 to 20 × 10⁻⁶. 4 Within the range of mPa·s, the cumulative infiltration, wetting front transport distance, and infiltration rate all decreased significantly with increasing HPMC viscosity. Applying HPMC of different viscosities to the soil can significantly reduce soil infiltration capacity and slow down water transport in the soil; therefore, to slow soil water infiltration and increase soil topsoil moisture content, this invention selects 20 × 10⁻⁶ HPMC. 4Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose with a viscosity of mPa·s is used as a soil moisture retention agent.

[0110] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A soil amendment characterized in that, The following components are weighed according to mass parts: pH conditioner 6.8 parts, nutrient conditioner 20 parts and water conditioner 4 parts; The pH conditioner is anhydrous aluminum sulfate, the nutrient conditioner is straw biochar, and the water conditioner is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; the viscosity of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is 20 x 10 4 mPa.s.

2. A method of preparing the soil amendment of claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials are weighed according to mass parts, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the soil conditioner.

3. The soil conditioner of claim 1 is used to improve extremely severe soda saline soil.

4. Use according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soil conditioner is added into the extremely severe soda saline soil, and the soil conditioner accounts for 3.08% of the weight of the soil. The following components are weighed according to mass parts: pH conditioner 6.8 parts, nutrient conditioner 20 parts and water conditioner 4 parts; The raw materials are weighed according to mass parts, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the soil conditioner.

3. The soil conditioner of claim 1 is used to improve extremely severe soda saline soil. The soil conditioner is added into the extremely severe soda saline soil, and the soil conditioner accounts for 3.08% of the weight of the soil.

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