A CFs-Cu composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention specifically relates to a CFs-Cu composite material and a preparation method thereof, the preparation method of the CFs-Cu composite material comprising the steps of: dissolving polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a PAN solution, adding spherical copper powder to the PAN solution, mixing uniformly, obtaining a PAN-Cu dispersion, and subjecting the PAN-Cu dispersion to gas-electric blending to obtain a PAN-Cu composite fiber; after drying the PAN-Cu composite fiber, placing it in a carbonization furnace and first keeping it at 120°C to 150°C for 30 minutes, then heating it to 180°C to 200°C and keeping it for 30 minutes, and finally heating it to 220°C to 240°C and keeping it for 1 hour; placing the pre-oxidized composite fiber in a tubular furnace, heating it to 800°C to 950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and keeping it for 2 hours to obtain a CFs-Cu composite material. The preparation method of the present invention increases the degree of bonding between the fiber and the copper particles, thereby enhancing the performance of the composite material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation, and in particular relates to a CFs-Cu composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Copper (Cu) is a preferred material for wire and cable, as well as other energy applications, due to its exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as excellent processing properties. With the continuous advancement of technology, the performance requirements for copper materials are becoming increasingly stringent. Graphene, a promising material, can effectively balance the strength and electrical conductivity of composite materials. However, due to its high specific surface area, graphene tends to aggregate when added to composite materials at high concentrations, limiting its performance. Meanwhile, carbon fibers (CFs), due to their lightweight, high strength, high modulus, and excellent corrosion resistance, have become an indispensable component in composite materials, finding widespread application in a wide range of fields, including aerospace, automotive, marine, sports equipment, and medical devices. Research has shown that CFs-Cu composites combined with copper are not only lighter than traditional metal wires, but also possess higher mechanical strength and greater load-bearing capacity. Therefore, the development of CFs-Cu composites, combining the advantages of copper and carbon fibers, holds great significance and holds broad application prospects.

[0003] However, the research and development of carbon fiber and metal composites faces many challenges: the chemical compatibility and bonding between carbon fiber and metal are poor. The root of these problems is that carbon fiber has high inertness, low surface energy, lacks effective chemically active bonds, and has poor wetting properties between carbon fiber and metal. In order to improve this problem, researchers have tried a variety of surface pretreatment technologies to improve the interfacial bonding strength between carbon fiber and metal matrix. Guodong Zhang et al. used electroplating to electroplate carbon fiber onto the surface of copper sheet. Pei Wang et al. used chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to stack copper mesh and carbon fiber mesh layer by layer to prepare composite materials. Ziyou Wang et al. prepared composite materials by stacking carbon fiber and copper blocks through in-situ growth.

[0004] The present invention develops a novel method for preparing CFs-Cu composite materials, which provides excellent fiber deposition efficiency and improves the jet stability of SBS through the technical means of gas-electrospinning. The preparation method can also increase the spinning rate, overcome the limitation of low electrospinning productivity, and prepare coaxial fibers more efficiently and safely.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a CFs-Cu composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the present invention enables the fibers to be efficiently attached to the copper particles, increases the degree of bonding between the fibers and the copper particles, and thereby enhances the performance of the composite material.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing a CFs-Cu composite material comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Preparation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: polyacrylonitrile was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a PAN solution, spherical copper powder was added to the PAN solution, and the mixture was mixed to obtain a PAN-Cu dispersion. The PAN-Cu dispersion was subjected to gas-electrochemical spinning to obtain PAN-Cu composite fibers.

[0010] S2. Pre-oxidation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: After drying, the PAN-Cu composite fibers were placed in a carbonization furnace and kept at 120°C to 150°C for 30 min, then heated to 180°C to 200°C for 30 min, and finally heated to 220°C to 240°C for 1 h.

[0011] S3. Carbonization of PAN-Cu composite fibers: The pre-oxidized composite fibers were placed in a tubular furnace, heated to 800°C to 950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and kept at this temperature for 2 h to obtain a CFs-Cu composite material.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide and spherical copper powder is 1:9:1-2.

[0013] Preferably, the gas-electric blending method includes: injecting the PAN-Cu dispersion into a syringe, spinning with a coaxial needle, conveying the PAN-Cu dispersion with an inner shaft, ejecting a high-pressure airflow with an outer shaft, applying a voltage of 3 to 5 kV between the tip of the coaxial needle and a receiver, and depositing the PAN-Cu composite fiber on the receiver.

[0014] Preferably, the specification of the syringe is 25 mL.

[0015] Preferably, in the coaxial needle, the inner shaft is a 17-gauge needle with an inner diameter of 1.07 mm and an outer diameter of 1.70 mm; the outer shaft is a 13-gauge needle with an inner diameter of 1.90 mm and an outer diameter of 2.40 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the inner shaft delivers the PAN-Cu dispersion at a stable flow rate of 4 to 8 mL / h, and the outer shaft ejects a high-pressure airflow of 0.35 to 0.55 MPa and 25 to 40 LPM.

[0017] Preferably, the coaxial needle moves back and forth at a speed of 10 to 30 mm / min; the distance between the coaxial needle and the receiver is 25 to 40 cm; the receiver is a roller collector with a rotation speed of 10 to 30 rpm.

[0018] Preferably, the drying in step S2 is to place the obtained PAN-Cu composite fiber in a vacuum drying oven at 60° C. for 24 hours to remove excess solvent.

[0019] Preferably, the inert gas is argon.

[0020] Preferably, the heating rate is 5°C / min.

[0021] Preferably, when preparing the CFs-Cu composite material, the ambient temperature is 25°C to 30°C.

[0022] The present invention also provides a CFs-Cu composite material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0023] The present invention also provides a Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder, the raw materials for preparing the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder include the above-mentioned CFs-Cu composite material, copper powder and ethylene glycol.

[0024] Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the copper powder to the ethylene glycol is 1 to 2:10; the mass volume ratio of the copper powder to the CFs-Cu composite material is 500 to 1000:1

[0025] Preferably, the method for preparing the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder comprises the following steps: adding copper powder to ethylene glycol and stirring until the copper powder is evenly dispersed in the ethylene glycol; then adding the aforementioned CFs-Cu composite material and stirring; and then filtering the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry onto a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane using a vacuum filter. Finally, the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry on the polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder.

[0026] Preferably, the drying conditions are -0.8 MPa, 60°C, and 24 hours.

[0027] The present invention also provides a Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material, the raw materials for preparing the Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material include the above-mentioned Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder.

[0028] Preferably, the preparation method of the Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material includes the following steps: placing the above-mentioned Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder in a tube furnace, heating it to 800°C~950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, keeping it warm for 2 hours, and obtaining a reduced powder; using powder metallurgy to prepare a Cu-based composite material from the obtained powder; placing the Cu-based composite material in a tube furnace, heating it to 800°C~950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, keeping it warm for 2 hours, and sintering it.

[0029] Preferably, the powder metallurgy method specifically includes: charging the obtained powder into a steel mold, and cold pressing the powder into a sample with a diameter of 25 mm at a pressure of 300 to 400 kN and holding the pressure for 300 to 600 seconds.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention utilizes a gas-electric blending technique to mechanically bond the fibers and copper particles through physical entanglement and interpenetration, effectively adhering the fibers to the copper particles. This increases the bond between the fibers and the copper particles, thereby enhancing the composite's performance. The preparation method also creates a stable interface layer between the fibers and the copper particles, effectively transferring stress and reducing stress concentration. This significantly improves the mechanical strength and toughness of the composite, enhancing the overall performance of the material.

[0032] The present invention successfully prepared PAN-Cu composite fibers using a gas-electric blending technique. After pre-oxidation and carbonization, the resulting CFs-Cu composite material was obtained. In this CFs-Cu composite, the carbon fibers and copper powder form a stable interface layer through physical entanglement and mutual embedding. This structure effectively promotes stress transfer and reduces stress concentration, significantly improving the overall performance of the material. This successfully solves the problem of bonding between the carbon fibers and the copper powder.

[0033] The CFs-Cu composite material prepared by this invention has a 5.2% increase in hardness and a 28.3% increase in electrical conductivity compared to pure copper. This technical approach not only enhances the mechanical strength of the composite material but also improves its electrical conductivity, making electron transmission more efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 Characterization images of the CFs-Cu composite material prepared in Example 1: (a) SEM image of the original spherical copper powder; (b) infrared characterization image of CFs-Cu; (c) Raman characterization image of CFs-Cu; (d) SEM image of CFs-Cu; (e) EDS image of CFs-Cu.

[0035] Figure 2Characterization diagrams of the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder prepared in Example 2: (a) SEM image after tableting; (b) performance comparison diagram of Cu / CFs-Cu and Cu; (c) EDS image of Cu / CFs-Cu. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and technical advantages of the present invention more clear, the following will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not limitations of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0039] The materials used in the following examples are as follows:

[0040] Polyacrylonitrile (PAN, Mw = 150,000) was purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0041] Spherical copper powder (25 μm in diameter) was purchased from Chunxu Metal Materials Factory, Nangong City, Xingtai City, Hebei Province;

[0042] N,N,Dimethylformamide (DMF, reagent grade, 99.5%) was purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0043] Ethylene glycol (EG, spectrally pure, ≥99% polyester grade) was purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.

[0044] All reagents were used without further purification. Example 1:

[0045] A method for preparing a CFs-Cu composite material comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1. Preparation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: 2 g of polyacrylonitrile was dissolved in 18 g of N,N-dimethylformamide and stirred at 250 r / min for 2 h to obtain a 10 wt% PAN solution. 2 g of spherical copper powder was added to the 10 wt% PAN solution and mixed well to obtain a PAN-Cu dispersion. The PAN-Cu dispersion was injected into a 25 mL plastic syringe and spun using a coaxial needle. The inner shaft was a No. 17 needle (inner diameter 1.07 mm, outer diameter 1.70 mm) and the outer shaft was a No. 13 needle (inner diameter 1.90 mm, outer diameter 2.40 mm). The inner shaft transports PAN-Cu dispersion at a steady flow rate of 8 mL / h, while the outer shaft ejects a high-pressure airflow of 0.55 MPa and 25 LPM. The needle is placed on a reciprocating platform with a moving speed set to 30 mm / min. A roller collector is placed 40 cm away from the needle with a rotation speed set to 30 rpm. A voltage of 5 kV is applied between the tip of the coaxial needle and the receiver to deposit the composite fibers on silicone oil paper. The ambient temperature is between 25 and 30 ° C, thereby preparing PAN-Cu composite fibers.

[0047] S2. Pre-oxidation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: After spinning, the membrane was removed and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 24 h to remove excess solvent. The dried fibers were then placed in a carbonization furnace and heated at 150°C for 30 min, then to 200°C for 30 min, and finally to 240°C for 1 h to pre-oxidize the fiber membrane in air.

[0048] S3. Carbonization of PAN-Cu composite fibers: The pre-oxidized composite fibers were placed in a tubular furnace, heated to 800°C at a rate of 5°C / min in an argon atmosphere, and kept at this temperature for 2 h to obtain a CFs-Cu composite material. Example 2:

[0049] The preparation method of the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder comprises the following steps: adding 20 g of copper powder to 200 mL of ethylene glycol and stirring at 500 rpm for 30 minutes to uniformly disperse the copper powder in the ethylene glycol; then adding 0.02 g of the CFs-Cu composite material of Example 1 and stirring for 30 minutes; then filtering the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry onto a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane using a vacuum filter; finally, placing the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry on the polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane in a vacuum drying oven, evacuating to -0.8 MPa, and drying at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder. Example 3:

[0050] The preparation method of the Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material includes the following steps: placing the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder of the above-mentioned Example 2 in a tube furnace, heating it to 800°C at a rate of 5°C / min in an argon atmosphere, and keeping it warm for 2 hours to reduce the Cu oxidized during the preparation process to obtain a reduced powder; using a powder metallurgy method to prepare a Cu-based composite material from the obtained powder, charging the mixed powder into a steel mold, and cold pressing it at a pressure of 400 kN for 300 seconds to form a Cu-based composite material with a diameter of 25 mm; placing the Cu-based composite material in a tube furnace, heating it to 800°C in an inert gas atmosphere, keeping it warm for 2 hours, and sintering it.

[0051] Comparative Example 1:

[0052] The pure copper sample was pressed and sintered. The preparation conditions were the same as those in Example 1-3, except that no polyacrylonitrile was added during the preparation process.

[0053] The materials obtained in the examples and comparative examples were characterized. The characterization results of the CFs-Cu composite material obtained in Example 1 are as follows: Figure 1 The characterization results of the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder prepared in Example 2 are shown in FIG. Figure 2 shown.

[0054] The micromorphology of Cu and CFs-Cu is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 (a), 1(d). 1(a) shows that the original spherical copper powder has a smooth surface and a round shape. Figure 1 (d) It can be seen that a large number of fibers are attached to the round copper particles. The fiber surface is smooth and has no obvious defects. Figure 1 The EDS of (e) shows that the copper element is surrounded by a large amount of carbon elements, proving that the fiber is successfully attached to the surface of the copper particles.

[0055] Figure 1 (b) is the infrared characterization of CFs-Cu, from bottom to top are untreated PAN-Cu (blue curve), pre-oxidized (red curve) and carbonized (green curve). In the FTIR curve of untreated PAN fiber, the −1 The absorption peak in the range is the CH bond, located at 2243-2246 cm -1 The absorption peak of the range is (C≡N) nitrile group, located at 1730-1737cm -1 The absorption peak is the C=O double bond, located at 1593-1628cm -1 The absorption peak is the CO bond, located at 1454 cm -1 The absorption peak is the symmetrical bending vibration of CH in the main chain of hydrocarbons. −1 A new peak appears around 1660cm, which is the formation of C=N bond.−1 The peaks on the left and right are related to the C=O bond, indicating that the formation of the cyclized structure and the introduction of oxygen functional groups in the cyclized structure are mainly from the keto group and carboxyl group formed during the oxidation process. As the degree of oxidation increases, the intensity of this peak will increase. In addition, the peak at 1454 cm -1 The bending strength of the -CH2 bond decreases, while the bending strength of the -CH- bond increases, reflecting the progress of dihydrogen reactions, i.e., stabilization reactions (i.e., cyclization, oxidation, and dehydrogenation). -1 The intensity of the absorption peak decreases, indicating that the content of nitrile groups gradually decreases as the pre-oxidation proceeds. During the carbonization process, PAN fibers are further pyrolyzed at high temperatures to remove non-carbon elements (such as H, O, N, etc.), eventually forming carbon fibers. -1 The nitrile peak disappears during the carbonization process and is located at 1640 cm -1 The C=O peak will also weaken. Located at 1700-1750cm -1 The carboxyl peak is removed at high temperature, and this peak will also disappear. Located at 1050-1200cm -1 The absorption peak of the carbon fiber appears, which is the stretching vibration peak of the carbon fiber, indicating that some oxygen-containing functional groups (such as ether bonds or phenolic hydroxyl groups) are still retained in the carbon fiber. The infrared results prove that the preparation of carbon fiber is successful.

[0056] Figure 1 (c) is the Raman characterization of CFs-Cu, 1350 cm −1 The peak is related to the disorder or defect of the lattice (D peak), while the peak is about 1580 cm −1 The peak is associated with the in-plane vibration of the graphite lattice (G peak). During the pre-oxidation process, the intensity of the G peak may increase with crosslinking and cyclization of the molecular chains, indicating the gradual formation of a graphitized structure in the material. The intensity of the D peak may initially increase and then decrease with crosslinking and cyclization. Initially, crosslinking and cyclization reactions may lead to increased structural disorder, resulting in an increase in the D peak intensity. As the reaction proceeds, defects may be repaired, causing the D peak intensity to decrease. During the carbonization process, PAN fibers undergo further pyrolysis at high temperatures, removing non-carbon elements (such as H, O, and N), gradually forming carbon fibers. After high-temperature carbonization, the G peak becomes sharper, indicating a higher degree of graphitization and a more ordered lattice structure. After high-temperature carbonization, the D peak may still be present, but at a lower intensity, indicating the presence of a small amount of defects or edge structures in the carbon fibers. The ID / IG ratio is 1.6, confirming the successful preparation of CFs-Cu.

[0057] like Figure 2(a) shows the microscopic morphology of Cu / CFs-Cu after pressing. It can be seen that some black spots are evenly distributed in the copper matrix. The black spots are CFs-Cu. The black spots are large in mass and unevenly distributed. This may be because the excessive CFs-Cu content causes aggregation during the sintering process. Figure 1 (c) is the corresponding EDS image, which proves that the black spots in the copper matrix are CF.

[0058] Figure 2 (b) Comparison of the electrical conductivity and Vickers hardness of Cu / CFs-Cu and Cu. The figure shows that the Vickers hardness of pure copper is 70 HV, while that of Cu / CFs-Cu is 73.7 HV, a 5.2% increase. This is likely due to the CFs wrapped around the Cu particles, which effectively prevents CFs from agglomerating. Furthermore, the CFs-wrapped Cu particles promote sintering between the copper matrix and the CFs, improving interfacial bonding strength and thus enhancing the hardness of the copper-based composite. The electrical conductivity of Cu is 60% IACS, while that of Cu / CFs-Cu is 77% IACS, a 28.3% increase. This performance change may be due to the effective formation of a reinforced interface in the CFs-Cu prepared by spinning. The CFs and Cu together form multi-level conductive pathways, creating a synergistic effect that makes electron transport more efficient within the material. Furthermore, the CFs themselves have high electrical conductivity, forming bridges between the copper particles, allowing electrons to travel more efficiently through the material, reducing contact resistance and thus improving overall conductivity.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0061] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder include CFs-Cu composite material, copper powder, and ethylene glycol; the mass volume ratio of the copper powder to the ethylene glycol is 1 to 2:10; the mass ratio of the copper powder to the CFs-Cu composite material is 500 to 1000:1; The preparation method of the CFs-Cu composite material comprises the following steps: S1. Preparation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: polyacrylonitrile was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to obtain a PAN solution, spherical copper powder was added to the PAN solution, and the mixture was mixed to obtain a PAN-Cu dispersion. The PAN-Cu dispersion was subjected to gas-electrochemical spinning to obtain PAN-Cu composite fibers. S2. Pre-oxidation of PAN-Cu composite fibers: After drying, the PAN-Cu composite fibers were placed in a carbonization furnace and kept at 120°C to 150°C for 30 min, then heated to 180°C to 200°C for 30 min, and finally heated to 220°C to 240°C for 1 h. S3. Carbonization of PAN-Cu composite fibers: The pre-oxidized composite fibers were placed in a tubular furnace and heated to 800°C to 950°C in an inert gas atmosphere for 2 h to obtain CFs-Cu composite materials. The gas-electro-spinning method includes: injecting the PAN-Cu dispersion into a syringe, spinning with a coaxial needle, delivering the PAN-Cu dispersion at a stable flow rate of 4-8 mL / h through an inner shaft, ejecting a high-pressure airflow of 0.35-0.55 MPa and 25-40 LPM through an outer shaft, applying a voltage of 3-5 kV between the tip of the coaxial needle and a receiver, and depositing the PAN-Cu composite fibers on the receiver; The inner shaft of the coaxial needle is a 17-gauge needle with an inner diameter of 1.07 mm and an outer diameter of 1.70 mm; the outer shaft is a 13-gauge needle with an inner diameter of 1.90 mm and an outer diameter of 2.40 mm. The coaxial needle moves back and forth at a speed of 10 to 30 mm / min; the distance between the coaxial needle and the receiver is 25 to 40 cm; the receiver is a roller collector with a rotation speed of 10 to 30 rpm.

2. The Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide and spherical copper powder is 1:9:1-2.

3. The Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder comprises the following steps: adding copper powder to ethylene glycol and stirring until the copper powder is uniformly dispersed in the ethylene glycol; then adding the above-mentioned CFs-Cu composite material and stirring; then filtering the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry onto a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane through a vacuum filter; and finally placing the Cu / CFs-Cu slurry on the polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane in a vacuum drying oven for drying to obtain the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder.

4. A Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material include the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material according to claim 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the Cu / CFs-Cu bulk material comprises the following steps: placing the Cu / CFs-Cu composite powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in a tube furnace, heating the mixture to 800°C to 950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and maintaining the temperature for 2 hours to obtain a reduced powder; preparing a Cu-based composite material from the obtained powder by a powder metallurgy method; and placing the Cu-based composite material in a tube furnace, heating the mixture to 800°C to 950°C in an inert gas atmosphere, and maintaining the temperature for 2 hours to perform sintering.

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