Large-span basement underground bearing structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-span basement underground bearing structure which comprises a bearing wall and a basement top plate arranged at the top of the bearing wall. The basement top plate comprises a plurality of top plate rings which are gradually increased in size and overlapped with one another, each top plate ring is formed by splicing a plurality of sector-ring-shaped top plate unit pieces, pull rings are arranged on the upper portions and the lower portions of the top plate unit pieces, fixing inhaul cables are connected to the upper portions and the lower portions of the top plate unit pieces, and the overlapped top plate unit pieces of the adjacent top plate rings are connected through bolts. A fixing plate is arranged in the center of the basement roof and comprises an upper-layer fixing plate and a lower-layer fixing plate, and the roof unit pieces of the roof ring on the innermost side are clamped between the upper-layer fixing plate and the lower-layer fixing plate and connected through bolts; a fixing screw rod and a fixing block are respectively arranged at the centers of the upper-layer fixing plate and the lower-layer fixing plate and are connected through the fixing screw rod; and a fixing piece is arranged on the ground above the basement top plate and is connected with the basement top plate through an inhaul cable. The problems that the construction difficulty of the top of a large-span basement is large, the strength is low, the basement is prone to being affected by underground water to float upwards, and fire prevention is achieved are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of large-span engineering structures, and specifically relates to a large-span underground load-bearing structure and a construction method for a basement. Background Art

[0002] Large-span basements have a series of advantages, such as large span, integration, advanced structure, high grade, simple construction, and economical and efficient construction. Through the large-span design, the number of parking spaces can be significantly increased, the space utilization rate can be improved, the pipeline is integrated, the integrated design can effectively save the floor height, and the prestressed steel beam and slab integrated structure has strong bearing capacity, small deflection, large effective area, wide field of vision for driving and parking, high comfort, and the ground can be made into colored concrete floor to improve the aesthetics. The floor slab and beam are integrated, the deadweight is light, and the construction speed is fast. Compared with the traditional structure, the large-span basement can save area and cost, save more than 30% of the construction period, and save more than 10% of the cost, which has significant economic value and social benefits.

[0003] The top structure of a large-span basement can be mainly divided into two categories: beam-slab structure and beamless floor structure. The beam-slab structure has clear force transmission, and the technology and construction process are in line with the norm. It is cast in situ as a whole, has high overall rigidity, and can transmit the horizontal seismic shear force at the embedded layer. The beamless floor structure is easy to support during construction, saves net height, and helps reduce the difficulty of excavation and foundation pit protection, but has low horizontal rigidity and is not allowed to be used as an embedded layer of the upper structure. ‌‌

[0004] Traditional large-span basements have at least the following problems: the top of a traditional large-span basement is mainly cast in one piece or formed by splicing prefabricated parts. This construction method is difficult to construct and it is difficult to ensure the strength requirements of the top of the large-span basement. Its waterproof and fireproof performance is also difficult to meet the standards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an underground load-bearing structure and construction method for a large-span basement, which effectively solves the problems of great construction difficulty at the top of a large-span basement, low strength at the top of a large-span basement, susceptibility of the basement to floating due to the influence of groundwater, and fire prevention.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention discloses an underground load-bearing structure of a large-span basement, comprising a load-bearing wall and a basement roof arranged on the top of the load-bearing wall; the basement roof comprises a plurality of top plate rings of gradually increasing size and superimposed on each other, each of the top plate rings is formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped top plate units, pull rings are arranged above and below the top plate units, fixed cables are arranged between adjacent pull rings, bolt holes are correspondingly arranged between the superimposed top plate units of adjacent top plate rings and are connected by bolts; a fixed plate is arranged at the center of the basement roof, the fixed plate comprises an upper fixed plate and a lower fixed plate, the inner side of each top plate unit of the top plate ring with the smallest size It is sandwiched between the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate, and the three have corresponding bolt holes and are connected by bolts; a fixing screw is arranged at the top center of the upper fixing plate, and a fixing block is arranged at the bottom center of the lower fixing plate, and the upper fixing plate, the lower fixing plate and the fixing block are connected by fixing screws; a fixing member is arranged on the ground above the basement top plate, and vertical cables and oblique cables are arranged between the fixing member and the basement top plate, and a cable pull ring is also arranged on the top of the upper fixing plate, and the other ends of the vertical cables and the oblique cables are connected to the cable pull ring; a plurality of load-bearing cables are arranged between the fixing member and each of the top plate rings.

[0008] Furthermore, an outer waterproof layer is arranged on the outer side of the basement roof and the load-bearing wall, and an inner waterproof layer is arranged on the inner side of the basement roof and the load-bearing wall.

[0009] Furthermore, a vertical fireproof board is arranged inside the inner waterproof layer, and a horizontal fireproof board is arranged on the top of the vertical fireproof board.

[0010] Furthermore, a support frame is provided between the inner waterproof layer and the transverse fireproof board.

[0011] Furthermore, a suction motor is arranged on the side of the outer waterproof layer, a water supply pipe is arranged above the suction motor, and the water supply pipe extends above the ground and is connected to a water storage tank.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a basement floor, and anti-floating anchor rods are arranged below the basement floor.

[0013] Furthermore, a movable fireproof panel and a motor are arranged under the basement floor, a rack groove is arranged on the side of the movable fireproof panel, a gear is arranged on the motor output shaft, the gear cooperates with the rack groove, the motor drives the gear to rotate forward or reverse, and drives the movable fireproof panel to rise or fall through the rack groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged above the basement floor, and the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] The present invention provides a construction method for the underground load-bearing structure of a large-span basement described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Level the ground, fix the basement floor, install the smoke sensor and temperature sensor above the basement floor, and reserve the installation slots for the motor and movable fireproof board under the basement floor;

[0017] S2. Install the motor and gear in the reserved installation groove under the basement floor, and install the mobile fireproof board vertically with the gear;

[0018] S3. Install an outer waterproof layer, install a suction motor at the bottom of the outer waterproof layer, install a water supply pipe above the suction motor, and extend the water supply pipe to the water tank installed above the ground;

[0019] S4. Install the load-bearing wall on the inner side of the outer waterproof layer, assemble the top plate units in sequence above the load-bearing wall, and fix the top plate units with bolts and fixing cables to form the basement top plate;

[0020] S5. Install inner waterproof layer on the inner side of the load-bearing wall and basement roof;

[0021] S6. Install vertical fireproof panels and horizontal fireproof panels on the inner side of the inner waterproof layer, and install a support frame between the horizontal fireproof panels and the inner waterproof layer;

[0022] S7. Install vertical cables, oblique cables and load-bearing connecting cables on the top of the basement roof, and install fixings at the end of the vertical cables, oblique cables and load-bearing connecting cables extending above the ground.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the underground load-bearing structure and construction method of a large-span basement described in the present invention can solve the problem of difficult construction of the top of a large-span basement through the combination of multiple top plate units. The bolt holes and bolt connections between adjacent top plate units and the fixed cable connections between adjacent top plate units can solve the problem of low strength of the top of a large-span basement. The friction between vertical cables, oblique cables and load-bearing cables and the soil and the design of fixed anti-floating anchor rods under the basement floor can solve the problem that the basement is easily affected by groundwater and causes floating. At the same time, the rising mobile fireproof panel can isolate the location where the fire occurs, preventing a fire at a single location from causing a large-scale fire and causing greater losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in a normal state;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable fireproof board of the present invention when it rises;

[0026] Figure 3It is a structural schematic diagram of the basement roof of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the top plate unit of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing member, the basement roof, the vertical cables and the oblique cables of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable fireproof plate and the gear in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a side view of the movable fireproof board of the present invention.

[0031] Among them: 1. Basement roof; 101. Top plate unit; 102. Pull ring; 103. Bolt hole; 2. Load-bearing wall; 31. External waterproof layer; 32. Internal waterproof layer; 4. Basement floor; 51. Vertical fireproof board; 52. Horizontal fireproof board; 6. Support frame; 71. Vertical cable; 72. Oblique cable; 73. Cable pull ring; 8. Fixing part; 81. Load-bearing connecting cable; 9. Suction motor; 10. Water supply pipeline; 11. Water storage tank; 12. Movable fireproof board; 121. Rack groove; 122. Gear; 131. Upper fixed plate; 132. Lower fixed plate; 133. Fixed block; 134. Fixed screw; 14. Fixed cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the usual meanings understood by people with general skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. "Up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back" and the like used in the patent application specification and claims of the present disclosure are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies of technicians in the field of this technology.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1-7The present invention discloses a large-span underground load-bearing structure of a basement, which comprises a load-bearing wall 2 and a basement roof 1 arranged on the top of the load-bearing wall 2; the basement roof 1 comprises a plurality of roof rings of gradually increasing size and superimposed on each other, each of the roof rings being formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped roof unit components 101, pull rings 102 being arranged on the upper and lower sides of the roof unit components 101, fixed cables 14 being arranged between adjacent pull rings 102, bolt holes 103 being arranged correspondingly between the superimposed roof unit components 101 of adjacent roof rings and being connected by bolts; a fixed plate is arranged at the center of the basement roof 1, the fixed plate comprises an upper fixed plate 131 and a lower fixed plate 132, the inner side of each of the roof unit components 101 of the smallest size of the roof ring is clamped by the upper fixed plate 131 and the lower fixing plate 132, and the three are provided with bolt holes 103 correspondingly and connected by bolts; a fixing screw 134 is arranged at the top center of the upper fixing plate 131, and a fixing block 133 is arranged at the bottom center of the lower fixing plate 132, and the upper fixing plate 131, the lower fixing plate 132 and the fixing block 133 are connected by the fixing screw 134; a fixing member 8 is arranged on the ground above the basement roof 1, and a vertical cable 71 and an oblique cable 72 are arranged between the fixing member 8 and the basement roof 1, and a cable pull ring 73 is also arranged at the top of the upper fixing plate 131, and the other ends of the vertical cable 71 and the oblique cable 72 are connected to the cable pull ring 73; a plurality of load-bearing cables 81 are arranged between the fixing member 8 and each of the top plate rings. An outer waterproof layer 31 is arranged on the outside of the basement roof 1 and the load-bearing wall 2, and an inner waterproof layer 32 is arranged on the inside of the basement roof 1 and the load-bearing wall 2. A vertical fireproof board 51 is arranged inside the inner waterproof layer 32, and a horizontal fireproof board 52 is arranged on the top of the vertical fireproof board 51. A support frame 6 is arranged between the inner waterproof layer 32 and the horizontal fireproof board 52. A suction motor 9 is arranged on the side of the outer waterproof layer 31, and a water supply pipe 10 is arranged above the suction motor 9. The water supply pipe 10 extends above the ground and is connected to a water storage tank 11. In this embodiment, the underground load-bearing structure of the large-span basement also includes a basement floor 4, and an anti-floating anchor rod is arranged below the basement floor 4.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] On the basis of this embodiment 1, a movable fireproof plate 12 and a motor are arranged below the basement floor 4, a rack groove 121 is arranged on the side of the movable fireproof plate 12, and a gear 122 is arranged on the motor output shaft, and the gear 122 cooperates with the rack groove 121, and the motor drives the gear 122 to rotate forward or reverse, and drives the movable fireproof plate 12 to rise or fall through the rack groove 121. Furthermore, a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged above the basement floor 4, and the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control system, and the control system is an existing control system that receives signals from various sensors and performs related operations according to the signals.

[0037] Embodiment 3:

[0038] A construction method of a large-span underground load-bearing structure of a basement as described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Level the ground, fix the basement floor 4, install a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor above the basement floor 4, and reserve a mounting groove for installing the motor and a mobile fireproof panel 12 below the basement floor 4;

[0040] S2. Install the motor and gear 122 in the reserved mounting groove below the basement floor 4, and cooperate with the gear 122 to vertically install the mobile fireproof plate 12;

[0041] S3. Install an outer waterproof layer 31, install a suction motor 9 at the bottom of the outer waterproof layer 31, install a water supply pipe 10 above the suction motor 9, and the water supply pipe 10 extends to the water tank 11 installed above the ground;

[0042] S4. Install the load-bearing wall 2 on the inner side of the outer waterproof layer 31, and sequentially splice the top plate unit 101 above the load-bearing wall 2, and fix each top plate unit 101 by bolts and fixing cables 14 to form a basement roof 1;

[0043] S5. Install an inner waterproof layer 32 on the inner side of the load-bearing wall 2 and the basement roof 1;

[0044] S6. Install a vertical fireproof board 51 and a horizontal fireproof board 52 inside the inner waterproof layer 32, and install a support frame 6 between the horizontal fireproof board 52 and the inner waterproof layer 32;

[0045] S7. Install vertical cables 71, oblique cables 72 and load-bearing cables 81 on the top of the basement roof 1, and install fixing members 8 at one end of the vertical cables 71, oblique cables 72 and load-bearing cables 81 extending above the ground.

Claims

1. A large-span underground load-bearing structure, characterized in that: The basement roof (1) comprises a load-bearing wall (2) and a basement roof (1) arranged on the top of the load-bearing wall (2); the basement roof (1) comprises a plurality of top plate rings of gradually increasing size and superimposed on each other, each of the top plate rings being formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped top plate units (101), the top plate units (101) being provided with pull rings (102) at the top and bottom, a fixing cable (14) being provided between adjacent pull rings (102), bolt holes (103) being provided correspondingly between the superimposed top plate units (101) of adjacent top plate rings and being connected by bolts; a fixing plate is provided at the center of the basement roof (1), the fixing plate comprising an upper fixing plate (131) and a lower fixing plate (132), the inner side of each top plate unit (101) of the top plate ring with the smallest size being sandwiched between the upper fixing plate (131) and the lower fixing plate (132), The three are provided with bolt holes (103) corresponding to each other and are connected by bolts; a fixing screw (134) is arranged at the top center of the upper fixing plate (131), a fixing block (133) is arranged at the bottom center of the lower fixing plate (132), and the upper fixing plate (131), the lower fixing plate (132) and the fixing block (133) are connected by the fixing screw (134); a fixing member (8) is arranged on the ground above the basement top plate (1), a vertical cable (71) and an oblique cable (72) are arranged between the fixing member (8) and the basement top plate (1), a cable pull ring (73) is also arranged at the top of the upper fixing plate (131), and the other ends of the vertical cable (71) and the oblique cable (72) are connected to the cable pull ring (73); a plurality of load-bearing cables (81) are arranged between the fixing member (8) and each of the top plate rings.

2. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 1 is characterized by: An outer waterproof layer (31) is provided on the outer side of the basement roof (1) and the load-bearing wall (2), and an inner waterproof layer (32) is provided on the inner side of the basement roof (1) and the load-bearing wall (2).

3. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 2 is characterized by: A vertical fireproof board (51) is arranged inside the inner waterproof layer (32), and a horizontal fireproof board (52) is arranged on the top of the vertical fireproof board (51).

4. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 2 is characterized by: A support frame (6) is provided between the inner waterproof layer (32) and the transverse fireproof board (52).

5. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 2 is characterized by: A suction motor (9) is arranged on the side of the outer waterproof layer (31), a water supply pipe (10) is arranged above the suction motor (9), and the water supply pipe (10) extends above the ground and is connected to a water storage tank (11).

6. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 1 is characterized by: It also comprises a basement floor plate (4), and anti-floating anchor rods are arranged below the basement floor plate (4).

7. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 6 is characterized by: A movable fireproof panel (12) and a motor are arranged below the basement floor (4); a rack groove (121) is arranged on the side of the movable fireproof panel (12); a gear (122) is arranged on the output shaft of the motor; the gear (122) cooperates with the rack groove (121); the motor drives the gear (122) to rotate in a forward or reverse direction, and drives the movable fireproof panel (12) to rise or fall through the rack groove (121).

8. The large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 7 is characterized by: A smoke sensor and a temperature sensor are arranged above the basement floor (4), and the smoke sensor and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

9. A construction method for the large-span underground load-bearing structure of claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Level the ground, fix the basement floor (4), install a smoke sensor and a temperature sensor above the basement floor (4), and reserve a mounting groove for installing a motor and a mobile fireproof plate (12) below the basement floor (4); S2. Install the motor and gear (122) in the reserved mounting groove below the basement floor (4), and install the mobile fireproof plate (12) vertically with the gear (122); S3. Installing an outer waterproof layer (31), installing a suction motor (9) at the bottom of the outer waterproof layer (31), installing a water supply pipe (10) above the suction motor (9), and extending the water supply pipe (10) to the ground to install a water storage tank (11); S4. Install the load-bearing wall (2) on the inner side of the outer waterproof layer (31), sequentially assemble the top plate units (101) above the load-bearing wall (2), and fix each top plate unit (101) by bolts and fixing cables (14) to form a basement top plate (1); S5. Installing an inner waterproof layer (32) on the inner side of the load-bearing wall (2) and the basement roof (1); S6. Installing a vertical fireproof board (51) and a horizontal fireproof board (52) on the inner side of the inner waterproof layer (32), and installing a support frame (6) between the horizontal fireproof board (52) and the inner waterproof layer (32); S7. Install vertical cables (71), oblique cables (72) and load-bearing connecting cables (81) on the top of the basement roof (1), and install fixing members (8) at the ends of the vertical cables (71), oblique cables (72) and load-bearing connecting cables (81) extending above the ground.

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