Anti-seepage method for basement construction

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-seepage method for basement construction, and relates to the technical field of basement anti-seepage. The anti-seepage method for basement construction comprises the following steps of foundation treatment, waterproof material selection, waterproof layer construction, waterproof layer reinforcement, concrete structure construction, waterproof layer inspection and basement backfilling and capping. Through combination of multiple waterproof measures, application of a novel environment-friendly waterproof material, reinforcement treatment of parts prone to leakage, optimization of the waterproof performance of concrete, inspection and maintenance of a waterproof layer, installation of an intelligent monitoring system and other measures, the basement leakage problem is effectively solved, the safety of a basement is improved, and the service life of the basement is prolonged. The method has the advantages of being easy to operate, remarkable in effect, environmentally friendly, harmless and the like, and has wide application prospects and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of basement anti-leakage, in particular to an anti-leakage method for basement construction. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the tight schedule in the early stage of most projects, rush work is required during the basement construction stage, as well as some construction reasons such as misalignment of the water-stop steel plate in the post-casting belt, loose concrete pouring, insufficient maintenance time, and unqualified secondary plastering, which will cause leakage of the basement floor. In order to improve the living environment of residential communities, basements are often used as equipment rooms, garages, and shopping malls, which enriches the use functions of basements. As the scale and area of ​​basements gradually increase, their functions gradually increase, and when basements leak, the difficulty of treatment becomes greater and greater. Therefore, the basement anti-leakage construction technology is studied, and the main factors affecting its safety, quality and progress are analyzed and controlled, which can better ensure the safety and quality of construction. However, due to various defects, such as the existing basement anti-leakage construction using a single waterproof method, which causes water seepage to soak the basement top plate for a long time, affecting the service life and load weight of the basement top plate, it cannot be widely promoted and applied.

[0003] As an important part of a building, the waterproof performance of the basement is directly related to the service life and use function of the building. Although traditional waterproofing methods can prevent water intrusion to a certain extent, it is difficult to completely solve the leakage problem, and the construction is complicated and costly; secondly, traditional basement waterproofing methods mostly use a single material or simple construction process, which is difficult to cope with complex underground water pressure and soil pressure, and easily leads to leakage problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a leakage prevention method for basement construction, which solves the problem that it is difficult to completely solve the leakage of the basement.

[0005] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A leakage prevention method for basement construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Foundation treatment: Before construction, the basement foundation should be thoroughly cleaned and leveled to ensure that there is no debris or loose objects on the foundation surface. The foundation should be compacted to ensure the uniformity and stability of the foundation and reduce the infiltration of groundwater. Step 2: Waterproof material selection: Adopt new environmentally friendly waterproof materials, which include polymer self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials and high-density polyethylene waterproof sheets, so that the waterproof materials have good puncture resistance and chemical corrosion resistance; Step 3: Waterproof layer construction: Lay waterproof materials on the surface of the basement foundation, and fit the waterproof materials tightly to the surface of the foundation to form a waterproof layer, ensuring the continuity and sealing of the waterproof layer; Step 4: Strengthen the waterproof layer: Lay a 1.0cm thick layer of cement-based penetrating waterproof coating on the waterproof layer, with a dosage of 1.5Kg / square meter, and then lay a layer of glass fiber mesh cloth to enhance the tensile strength and crack resistance of the waterproof layer; Step 5: Concrete structure construction: Pour the concrete structure on the waterproof layer, and improve the density and waterproof performance of the concrete by optimizing the concrete mix ratio and construction technology; Step 6: Waterproof layer inspection: After the construction is completed, the waterproof layer is fully inspected to ensure that there is no damage or gap in the waterproof layer and that the waterproof performance meets the design requirements; Step 7: Basement backfill and capping: After ensuring the stability of the waterproof layer performance, backfill the basement and use capping materials with good waterproof performance to form a complete waterproof system.

[0006] Preferably, in step three, the waterproof material is laid using a self-adhesive method.

[0007] Preferably, step three also includes: during the construction process, in the treatment of corners, pipe penetrations through walls, pipe outlets, and corners prone to leakage, strengthening measures are adopted to ensure the waterproof performance of these parts.

[0008] Preferably, in step 5, the concrete structure adopts impermeable concrete, and the impermeable concrete comprises: (1) Portland cement and ordinary silica cement; (2) Coarse aggregate: crushed stone and pebbles, with a maximum particle size of 40 mm, mud content <1.0%, and mud block content <0.5%; (3) Fine aggregate: medium sand with mud content less than 3.0% and mud block content less than 1.0%; (4) Fly ash: Grade 1-2 standard shall be adopted.

[0009] Preferably, in step six, the comprehensive inspection includes visual inspection and water pressure test. If leakage points are found during the strict waterproof performance test, they are repaired and reinforced in time.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-seepage method for basement construction also includes maintenance and management: after the basement is put into use, the waterproof layer is regularly inspected and maintained to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the waterproof layer.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-leakage method for basement construction also includes the installation of an intelligent monitoring system: an intelligent monitoring system is installed inside the basement to monitor the humidity and water level data of the basement in real time. Once an abnormality is found, an early warning mechanism is immediately activated and timely measures are taken to deal with it and prevent the occurrence of leakage problems.

[0012] (III) Beneficial effects The present invention provides a leakage prevention method for basement construction, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This anti-leakage method forms a complete waterproof system through the combination of multiple waterproof measures, which effectively improves the waterproof performance of the basement, fundamentally solves the problem of basement leakage, and ensures the safety and service life of the basement.

[0013] 2. The new environmentally friendly waterproof material used in this method not only has good puncture resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, but is also environmentally friendly and harmless, meets the requirements of sustainable development, and is beneficial to protecting the environment and human health.

[0014] 3. During the construction process, this method pays special attention to the strengthening of the parts prone to leakage to ensure the waterproof performance of these parts, further improving the waterproof effect of the entire basement.

[0015] 4. This method improves the density and waterproof performance of concrete by optimizing the concrete mix ratio and construction technology, so that the concrete structure itself has a better waterproof effect and effectively prevents moisture from invading the basement.

[0016] 5. This method also includes the inspection and maintenance of the waterproof layer and the installation of an intelligent monitoring system, which can monitor the humidity and water level data of the basement in real time, detect and deal with leakage problems in a timely manner, ensure the long-term effectiveness of the waterproof layer, and improve the waterproof safety of the basement.

[0017] To sum up, this anti-leakage method for basement construction has the advantages of multiple waterproofing measures, environmental protection and harmlessness, enhanced treatment of leakage-prone parts, optimization of concrete waterproofing performance, waterproofing layer inspection and maintenance, and intelligent monitoring system. It can effectively solve the problem of basement leakage, improve the safety and service life of the basement, and has broad application prospects and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a leakage prevention method for basement construction, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Foundation treatment: Before construction, the basement foundation is thoroughly cleaned and leveled to remove debris and loose materials on the surface of the foundation. Then, the foundation is compacted to ensure the uniformity and stability of the foundation.

[0021] Step 2: Waterproof material selection: Choose new environmentally friendly waterproof materials, such as polymer self-adhesive waterproof membranes, high-density polyethylene waterproof sheets, etc. These materials have good puncture resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and environmental protection, meet the requirements of sustainable development, and are conducive to protecting the environment and human health.

[0022] Step 3: Waterproof layer construction: The selected waterproof material is laid on the surface of the basement foundation, and the waterproof material is closely attached to the foundation surface by hot-melt method to ensure the continuity and sealing of the waterproof layer. During the construction process, special attention is paid to the treatment of the leak-prone parts such as the corners, pipes passing through the wall, pipe outlets, and wall corners, and strengthening measures such as increasing the number of waterproof material layers and setting up additional waterproof layers are adopted to ensure the waterproof performance of these parts.

[0023] Step 4: Strengthen the waterproof layer: Lay a layer of 1.0cm thick cement-based permeable waterproof coating on the waterproof layer, with a dosage of 1.5Kg / square meter, and then lay a layer of glass fiber mesh cloth to enhance the tensile strength and crack resistance of the waterproof layer. At the same time, additional waterproof reinforcement measures can be adopted in areas prone to leakage, such as corners and around pipes, such as increasing the number of layers of waterproof materials or using special waterproof materials for treatment.

[0024] Step 5: Concrete structure construction: Concrete structure is poured on the waterproof layer. In terms of optimizing concrete mix ratio, impermeable concrete is used, including silicate cement, ordinary silica cement, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and fly ash, etc., to improve the density and waterproof performance of concrete. During the construction process, attention should be paid to controlling the pouring speed and vibration method of concrete to ensure the uniformity and density of the concrete structure.

[0025] Step 6: Waterproof layer inspection: After the construction is completed, the waterproof layer is fully inspected. Inspection methods include visual inspection, water pressure test, etc. During the strict waterproof performance testing process, if leakage points are found, they will be repaired and reinforced in time to ensure the integrity and sealing of the waterproof layer.

[0026] Step 7: Basement backfill and capping: After ensuring the stability of the waterproof layer, backfill the basement. During the backfilling process, pay attention to backfilling in layers and compacting layer by layer to prevent the backfilling material from damaging the waterproof layer. When capping the roof, use capping materials with good waterproof performance, such as polymer waterproof membranes, to form a complete waterproof system.

[0027] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the composition ratio of the impermeable concrete is further limited, specifically including: (1) Portland cement and ordinary silica cement; (2) Coarse aggregate: crushed stone and pebbles, with a maximum particle size of 40 mm, mud content <1.0%, and mud block content <0.5%; (3) Fine aggregate: medium sand with mud content less than 3.0% and mud block content less than 1.0%; (4) Fly ash: Grade 1-2 standard shall be adopted.

[0028] As mentioned above, the impermeable concrete increases the density of concrete and improves the pore structure, thereby reducing the permeation channels and improving the impermeability.

[0029] Embodiment three: On the basis of the second embodiment, the anti-leakage method for basement construction also includes maintenance and management: after the basement is put into use, the waterproof layer is regularly inspected and maintained to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the waterproof layer. Specifically, the maintenance and management includes the following steps: Step 1: Regular inspection: After the basement is put into use, its waterproof layer needs to be checked regularly. The frequency of the inspection can be set according to the actual situation of the basement and the use environment, such as once a quarter, every six months or once a year. The inspection content includes the integrity of the waterproof layer, whether there are cracks, leakage, etc., and whether the surrounding environment poses a potential threat to the waterproof layer.

[0030] Step 2: Maintenance: If cracks or damage are found in the waterproof layer, it needs to be repaired and reinforced in time. The repair material should be compatible with the original waterproof material to ensure that the repaired waterproof layer has the same waterproof performance as the original waterproof layer. At the same time, if the surrounding environment may threaten the waterproof layer, corresponding measures need to be taken to prevent it, such as clearing accumulated water and preventing heavy objects from pressing on it.

[0031] Step 3: Records Management: After each inspection and maintenance, the inspection results and maintenance status need to be recorded. These records can provide important references for subsequent waterproof layer management and can also help managers to discover and solve potential problems in a timely manner. The contents of the record can include the inspection date, inspector, inspection results, maintenance measures, etc.

[0032] Step 4: Emergency Plan: In addition to routine inspections and maintenance, emergency plans need to be developed to deal with possible emergencies. Emergency plans can include emergency treatment measures for problems such as leakage, emergency repair plans when the waterproof layer is severely damaged, etc. The development of the plan needs to take into account the actual situation and possible risk factors to ensure that it can be responded to quickly and effectively when emergencies occur.

[0033] Through the above maintenance and management measures, the long-term effectiveness of the basement waterproof layer can be ensured, the service life of the basement can be extended, and the losses and risks caused by leakage and other problems can be reduced. At the same time, these measures can also provide guarantees for the safety and stability of the basement, and improve the use value and social and economic benefits of the basement.

[0034] Embodiment 4: On the basis of the third embodiment, the present invention also provides an installation scheme of an intelligent monitoring system. Specifically, an intelligent monitoring system is installed inside the basement, including a humidity sensor, a water level sensor, a data collector, and an early warning device. These sensors and devices can monitor the humidity, water level and other data of the basement in real time. Once an abnormality is found, the early warning mechanism is immediately activated, and measures are taken in time to prevent leakage problems. At the same time, the intelligent monitoring system can also realize remote monitoring and management, which is convenient for managers to understand the waterproofing situation of the basement at any time and to handle and maintain it in time.

[0035] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for preventing leakage in basement construction, which effectively solves the leakage problem of basement and improves the safety and service life of basement through the combination of multiple waterproof measures, the application of new environmentally friendly waterproof materials, the strengthening of leakage-prone parts, the optimization of concrete waterproof performance, the inspection and maintenance of waterproof layers, and the installation of intelligent monitoring systems. The method has the advantages of simple operation, significant effect, environmental protection, etc., and has broad application prospects and promotion value.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A leakage prevention method for basement construction, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Foundation treatment: Before construction, the basement foundation should be thoroughly cleaned and leveled to ensure that there is no debris or loose objects on the foundation surface. The foundation should be compacted to ensure the uniformity and stability of the foundation and reduce the infiltration of groundwater. Step 2: Waterproof material selection: Adopt new environmentally friendly waterproof materials, which include polymer self-adhesive waterproof coiled materials and high-density polyethylene waterproof sheets, so that the waterproof materials have good puncture resistance and chemical corrosion resistance; Step 3: Waterproof layer construction: Lay waterproof materials on the surface of the basement foundation, and fit the waterproof materials tightly to the surface of the foundation to form a waterproof layer, ensuring the continuity and sealing of the waterproof layer; Step 4: Strengthen the waterproof layer: Lay a 1.0cm thick layer of cement-based penetrating waterproof coating on the waterproof layer, with a dosage of 1.5Kg / square meter, and then lay a layer of glass fiber mesh cloth to enhance the tensile strength and crack resistance of the waterproof layer; Step 5: Concrete structure construction: Pour the concrete structure on the waterproof layer, and improve the density and waterproof performance of the concrete by optimizing the concrete mix ratio and construction technology; Step 6: Waterproof layer inspection: After the construction is completed, the waterproof layer is fully inspected to ensure that it is not damaged or has no gaps and meets the waterproof performance requirements of the design; Step 7: Basement backfill and capping: After ensuring the stability of the waterproof layer performance, backfill the basement and use capping materials with good waterproof performance to form a complete waterproof system.

2. A method for preventing leakage in basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the waterproof material is laid using a self-adhesive method.

3. The anti-leakage method for basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step three also includes: during the construction process, in the treatment of corners, pipe penetrations through walls, pipe outlets, and corners prone to leakage, enhanced measures are taken to ensure the waterproof performance of these areas.

4. The anti-leakage method for basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the concrete structure adopts impermeable concrete, and the impermeable concrete includes: (1) Portland cement and ordinary silica cement; (2) Coarse aggregate: crushed stone and pebbles, with a maximum particle size of 40 mm, mud content <1.0%, and mud block content <0.5%; (3) Fine aggregate: medium sand with mud content less than 3.0% and mud block content less than 1.0%; (4) Fly ash: Grade 1-2 standard shall be adopted.

5. The anti-leakage method for basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the comprehensive inspection includes visual inspection and water pressure test. If leakage points are found during the strict waterproof performance testing process, they will be repaired and reinforced in time.

6. The anti-leakage method for basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes maintenance and management: after the basement is put into use, the waterproof layer should be inspected and maintained regularly to ensure the long-term effectiveness of the waterproof layer.

7. The anti-leakage method for basement construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the installation of an intelligent monitoring system: installing an intelligent monitoring system inside the basement to monitor the humidity and water level data of the basement in real time. Once an abnormality is found, the early warning mechanism will be immediately activated and timely measures will be taken to deal with it and prevent leakage problems from occurring.

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