T-shaped constructional column in masonry wall and construction method of masonry wall

Abstract

The invention discloses a T-shaped constructional column in a masonry wall and a construction method of a masonry wall. The problems that an existing masonry wall is long in construction procedure, and the pulling and connecting strength between the wall and the constructional column is poor are solved. The construction sequence of a traditional constructional column and wall masonry is changed, after steel bars in the constructional column are bound, formwork-erecting-free building blocks and wall building blocks on the same layer are constructed synchronously, in the same layer, the formwork-erecting-free building blocks on the outer sides of the steel bars in the constructional column are firstly constructed, then the wall building blocks on the same layer are constructed, and the construction process is completed. And finally, a concrete pouring horn mouth is formed in the formwork-erecting-free shell building block on the uppermost layer, concrete is poured through the horn mouth, and a T-shaped concrete constructional column is formed, so that formwork erecting is avoided, formwork erecting difficulty is overcome, and the phenomena of slurry leakage and formwork shifting are avoided. And the construction progress is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a secondary structure masonry wall, in particular to a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall and a construction method of the masonry wall. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of reinforced concrete frame buildings, when the primary structure is completed, the secondary structure is generally constructed. During the construction of the secondary structure masonry wall, structural columns need to be set in the wall; the main function of the structural column is to tie the masonry wall horizontally to ensure the stability of the masonry wall; the traditional construction sequence is: first reserve a position for the structural column on the floor slab, complete the binding of the steel bars in the structural column at this position, and then build the wall outside the structural column, and finally, support the concrete pouring formwork of the structural column by relying on the completed masonry wall, and complete the construction of the structural column by pouring concrete, so as to realize the tying of the structural column to the masonry wall and make the structural The columns and masonry walls form a stable whole; some secondary structure walls on the floor slab are arranged in a T shape, which requires reserving and constructing T-shaped structural columns to achieve the connection of the T-shaped masonry walls. Due to the limited space here, it is very difficult to support and fix the T-shaped structural column concrete casting formwork here. In order to solve this problem, technicians in the same field have made various attempts; for example: Application No. 202311229022.0, patent name "A formwork-free construction method for masonry wall structural columns" discloses a method for constructing structural columns. The patent invents a formwork-free shell block, which is a formwork-free shell block with the same modulus as the wall block. Around the structural column, a U-shaped cavity is arranged on the free formwork blocks, and the steel bars in the structural column are arranged in the U-shaped cavity. The outer side of the structural column is closed by laying the free formwork blocks, and the concrete casting template of the structural column is replaced by the closed free formwork blocks. Finally, the self-compacting concrete is poured into the closed cavity formed by the free formwork blocks, thereby completing the construction of the concrete structural column of the tie-bonded masonry wall. This method of constructing structural columns solves the problem of supporting and fixing the templates of special-shaped structural columns, but there are still the following problems: (1) Since the free formwork blocks of the same module of the structural column are built into a hollow cavity by mortar, the subsequent concrete of the structural column is During pouring, the mortar joint layer of the masonry is prone to leakage, which is similar to the leakage caused by the expansion of the formwork when supporting the wooden formwork, affecting the quality and appearance of the structural column; (2) If the height of the structural column reaches more than 2 meters, due to the high pressure of the concrete poured in the column, under the action of this pressure, the same modulus unsupported formwork blocks are prone to formwork displacement, resulting in distortion defects in the structural column concrete; (3) Since the same modulus unsupported formwork blocks and the connected masonry walls are connected together through a tooth-shaped overlap, there is a phenomenon of insufficient concrete pouring in the tooth-shaped cavity of the unsupported formwork blocks, resulting in voids at the junction of the structural column and the masonry wall.

[0003] The construction sequence of structural columns and masonry walls in the prior art is: first lay out the lines on the floor slab, lay out the secondary structure masonry walls and the construction positions of the structural columns therein, tie up the steel bars inside the structural columns, then build the secondary structure masonry walls outside the structural columns to be constructed, then, with the built walls as support, support the concrete pouring formwork for the structural columns, and lay out the tie steel bars between the structural columns and the masonry walls, and finally, pour the concrete for the structural columns, so that the concrete structural columns and the masonry walls form a whole and play a tie role on the wall, thereby stabilizing the wall; the above-mentioned traditional construction process has the following problems: (1) Due to the The shape is determined according to the layout of the masonry wall. When the structural column is of an irregular shape, such as T-shaped, corner-shaped, cross-shaped, etc., it is difficult to set up and fix the concrete pouring formwork of the structural column. Leakage and mold slippage often occur due to loose fixation of the formwork; (2) The structural column formwork is fixed on the masonry wall, and fixing measures such as drilling holes in the masonry wall are likely to cause damage to the wall; (3) The horizontal tie steel bars that are thrown out from the structural column and connected to the masonry wall in the prior art are generally arranged in the mortar joints of the upper and lower adjacent masonry walls, which has unstable tie force and is easy to cause uneven mortar joints of the masonry wall, affecting the uniformity of the masonry wall modulus. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for constructing a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall and a masonry wall, which solves the technical problems of long construction process of the existing masonry wall and poor tensile strength between the wall and the structural column.

[0005] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: The overall concept of the present invention is to change the traditional construction sequence of structural columns and wall masonry. After the reinforcement binding in the structural columns is completed, the unsupported formwork blocks and the wall blocks on the same layer are built simultaneously. In the same layer, the unsupported formwork blocks on the outer side of the reinforcement in the structural columns are first built, and then the wall blocks on the same layer are built, so as to complete a closed integrated T-shaped wall column body. Finally, a concrete pouring trumpet is set on the uppermost unsupported formwork blocks, and concrete is poured through the trumpet to form a T-shaped concrete structural column, thereby avoiding the support of the formwork, overcoming the difficulties in the support of the formwork, eliminating the occurrence of leakage and formwork running, and accelerating the construction progress.

[0006] A method for constructing a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall and a masonry wall, comprising a left-side free-formwork block, a right-side free-formwork block, a left elastic wall liner, and a right elastic wall liner, wherein the shape of the left elastic wall liner is completely the same as that of the left-side free-formwork block, and the shape of the right elastic wall liner is completely the same as that of the right-side free-formwork block, a left wedge-shaped block is fixedly arranged on the rear left outer side elevation of the left-side free-formwork block, and a right wedge-shaped block is fixedly arranged on the rear right outer side elevation of the right-side free-formwork block; a T-shaped structural column casting space is arranged on a floor slab, and main reinforcement and stirrups in the structural column are arranged in the T-shaped structural column casting space, comprising the following steps: The first step is to embed a left elastic wall liner into the inner cavity of the left free formwork shell building block, and embed a right elastic wall liner into the inner cavity of the right free formwork shell building block; The second step is to lay the left-side free-support formwork block embedded with the left elastic wall liner on the left side of the T-shaped structural column casting space, and lay the right-side free-support formwork block embedded with the right elastic wall liner on the right side of the T-shaped structural column casting space, so that the left-side free-support formwork block and the right-side free-support formwork block are butted together to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline block, and the left elastic wall liner and the right elastic wall liner are butted together to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline liner, and the main reinforcement of the structural column and the stirrup reinforcement of the structural column are arranged in the hollow T-shaped cage outline liner; Step 3: a left wedge-shaped block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove on the right end side elevation of the left wall block, and a right wedge-shaped block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove on the left end side elevation of the right wall block; Step 4: Lay the left wall block on the left side of the left free formwork block, so that the left wedge block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove of the left wedge block; lay the right wall block on the right side of the right free formwork block, so that the right wedge block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove of the right wedge block; lay the front wall block on the front facade and front side of the T-shaped cage block; then, complete the laying of other blocks of the current layer of the T-shaped masonry wall; Step 5: a left-tie steel bar embedding groove is set on the top surface of the left wall block, a right-tie steel bar embedding groove is set on the top surface of the right wall block, and a front-tie steel bar embedding groove is set on the top surface of the front wall block; Step 6: Tie the right end of the left transverse tie steel bar to the main bars and stirrups in the structural column, and embed the left part of the left transverse tie steel bar into the left tie steel bar embedding groove; tie the left end of the right transverse tie steel bar to the main bars and stirrups in the structural column, and embed the right part of the right transverse tie steel bar into the right tie steel bar embedding groove; tie the rear end of the front transverse tie steel bar to the main bars and stirrups in the structural column, and embed the front part of the front transverse tie steel bar into the front tie steel bar embedding groove; Step 7: Repeat step 4 to complete the construction of the upper layer of masonry, and the upper and lower layers of masonry blocks are constructed using cement mortar; Step 8. When the masonry wall is built to the top, a concrete pouring horn is set on the T-shaped cage block at the top; Step 9: Pour self-compacting concrete into the hollow inner space of the T-shaped cage through the concrete pouring trumpet to complete the construction of the structural column.

[0007] The top end port of the left side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the top end of the left side free formwork shell block, the bottom end port of the left side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the bottom end of the left side free formwork shell block, and the right end port of the left side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the right end of the left side free formwork shell block; the top end port of the right side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the top end of the right side free formwork shell block, the bottom end port of the right side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the bottom end of the right side free formwork shell block, and the left end port of the right side free formwork shell block is provided with a tongue and groove at the left end of the right side free formwork shell block; the left side free formwork shell block is butt-jointed with the tongue and groove at the left end of the right side free formwork shell block of the right side free formwork shell block through the tongue and groove at the right end of the left side free formwork shell block.

[0008] The modulus of the hollow T-shaped cage blocks formed by docking the left-side free formwork blocks with the right-side free formwork blocks, the modulus of the wall blocks, the modulus of the right wall blocks and the modulus of the front wall blocks are the same; the upper and lower adjacent hollow T-shaped cage blocks are all overlapped together by the block tongue and groove.

[0009] The present invention replaces the support of the formwork of the structural column with the masonry of the formwork-free shell building blocks at the pre-construction of the structural column on the floor slab, thereby constructing a concrete pouring space for the structural column; by arranging the tongue and groove with steps at the joint of the building blocks, the defect of easy leakage of mortar at the connection of the building blocks is overcome, and an elastic thick-walled liner is arranged in the hollow T-shaped cage outline building block after the joint, and the expansion of the concrete poured in the structural column is absorbed by the contraction of the wall of the elastic thick-walled liner, thereby reducing the expansion pressure of the poured concrete on the formwork-free shell building blocks, and the wedge-shaped blocks on the shell building blocks are matched with the wedge-shaped grooves on the wall building blocks to limit the shell building blocks, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of mold running and displacement, and realizing high-efficiency and high-quality construction of the structural column; the transverse tension steel bars thrown out of the structural column are embedded in the grooves on the top surface of the building blocks, and the upper and lower layers of the building blocks are connected by cement cementitious mortar masonry, thereby greatly enhancing the tensioning ability of the structural column to the masonry wall, and ensuring the consistency of the module of the masonry wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a connection relationship diagram between the tensioned steel bars and the masonry wall of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the groove in which the tie-joint steel bars on the top surface of the wall block of the present invention are embedded; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the T-shaped cage outline building block and the masonry wall of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the T-shaped cage outline building block of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hollow T-shaped cage block formed by butting the left side free formwork block 4 and the right side free formwork block 5 together; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hollow T-shaped cage inner liner formed by connecting the left elastic wall inner liner 12 and the right elastic wall inner liner 13 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: A method for constructing a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall and a masonry wall, comprising a left-side free-formwork block 4, a right-side free-formwork block 5, a left elastic wall liner 12, and a right elastic wall liner 13, wherein the shape of the left elastic wall liner 12 is completely the same as that of the left-side free-formwork block 4, and the shape of the right elastic wall liner 13 is completely the same as that of the right-side free-formwork block 5, a left wedge-shaped block 14 is fixedly arranged on the rear left outer side elevation of the left-side free-formwork block 4, and a right wedge-shaped block 17 is fixedly arranged on the rear right outer side elevation of the right-side free-formwork block 5; a T-shaped structural column casting space 1 is arranged on a floor slab, and a structural column column inner main reinforcement 2 and a structural column column inner stirrup 3 are arranged in the T-shaped structural column casting space 1, comprising the following steps: The first step is to embed a left elastic wall liner 12 into the inner cavity of the left free formwork block 4, and embed a right elastic wall liner 13 into the inner cavity of the right free formwork block 5; The second step is to build the left side free formwork block 4 embedded with the left elastic wall liner 12 on the left side of the T-shaped structural column casting space 1, and to build the right side free formwork block 5 embedded with the right elastic wall liner 13 on the right side of the T-shaped structural column casting space 1, so that the left side free formwork block 4 and the right side free formwork block 5 are connected to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline block, and the left elastic wall liner 12 and the right elastic wall liner 13 are connected to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline liner, and the main reinforcement 2 of the structural column and the stirrup reinforcement 3 of the structural column are arranged in the hollow T-shaped cage outline liner; Step 3: a left wedge block is inserted into the wedge groove 16 on the right end side elevation of the left wall block 15, and a right wedge block is inserted into the wedge groove 19 on the left end side elevation of the right wall block 18; Step 4: Lay the left wall block 15 on the left side of the left free formwork block 4, so that the left wedge block 14 is inserted into the left wedge block and inserted into the wedge groove 16; lay the right wall block 18 on the right side of the right free formwork block 5, so that the right wedge block 17 is inserted into the right wedge block and inserted into the wedge groove 19; lay the front wall block 20 on the front facade and front side of the T-shaped cage block; then, complete the laying of other blocks of the current layer of the T-shaped masonry wall; Step 5: a left-side connecting steel bar embedding groove 21 is provided on the top surface of the left wall block 15, a right-side connecting steel bar embedding groove 22 is provided on the top surface of the right wall block 18, and a front-side connecting steel bar embedding groove 23 is provided on the top surface of the front wall block 20; Step 6: Tie the right end of the left transverse connecting steel bar 24 to the main reinforcement 2 in the structural column and the stirrup 3 in the structural column, and embed the left part of the left transverse connecting steel bar 24 into the left connecting steel bar embedding groove 21; tie the left end of the right transverse connecting steel bar 25 to the main reinforcement 2 in the structural column and the stirrup 3 in the structural column, and embed the right part of the right transverse connecting steel bar 25 into the right connecting steel bar embedding groove 22; tie the rear end of the front transverse connecting steel bar 26 ... The stirrups 3 in the columns are tied together, and the front part of the front transverse tie steel bar 26 is embedded in the front tie steel bar embedding groove 23; since the transverse tie steel bars thrown out of the structural column are arranged in the mortar joints of the blocks every few layers, the thickness of the mortar joints with the transverse tie steel bars and the mortar joints without the transverse tie steel bars are inconsistent, resulting in poor consistency of the masonry wall module. This problem is well solved by arranging the transverse tie steel bars in the tie steel bar embedding grooves arranged on the top surface of the wall blocks; Step 7: Repeat step 4 to complete the construction of the upper layer of masonry, and the upper and lower layers of masonry blocks are constructed using cement mortar; Step 8. When the masonry wall is built to the top, a concrete pouring horn is set on the T-shaped cage block at the top; Step 9: Pour self-compacting concrete into the hollow inner space of the T-shaped cage through the concrete pouring trumpet to complete the construction of the structural column.

[0012] A masonry formwork structure for a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall, comprising a left wall block 15, a right wall block 18 and a front wall block 20, wherein a T-shaped structural column casting space 1 is provided between the left wall block 15, the right wall block 18 and the front wall block 20, wherein a structural column inner main reinforcement 2 and a structural column inner stirrup 3 are provided in the T-shaped structural column casting space 1, wherein a left-side unsupported formwork block 4 and a right-side unsupported formwork block 5 are provided in the T-shaped structural column casting space 1, wherein the material of the left-side unsupported formwork block 4 is the same as that of the wall block, wherein the left-side unsupported formwork block 4 and the right-side unsupported formwork block 5 are butt-jointed to form a T-shaped cage outline block, wherein the T-shaped cage outline block is actually also a kind of block, but the middle of the T-shaped block is hollowed out , making it a hollow outline block with a vertical connection in the middle. The reason why it is divided into two left and right pieces in a butt-jointed form is to be able to butt-join from both sides of the steel bars in the arranged structural column to form a closed space, so that the steel bars in the column are arranged in the closed space; a left elastic wall liner 12 is embedded in the inner cavity of the left-side support-free formwork block 4, and the shape of the left elastic wall liner 12 is exactly the same as the shape of the left-side support-free formwork block 4; a right elastic wall liner 13 is embedded in the inner cavity of the right-side support-free formwork block 5, and the shape of the right elastic wall liner 13 is exactly the same as the shape of the right-side support-free formwork block 5; the left-side support-free formwork block 4 is butt-jointed with the right-side support-free formwork block 5 to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline block, and the left elastic wall liner 12 and the right elastic wall liner 13 are embedded in the inner cavity of the right-side support-free formwork block 5. The wall liner 13 is butt-jointed to form a hollow T-shaped cage liner. After concrete is poured in the closed space, the outwardly expanding concrete will squeeze the side wall of the T-shaped cage liner, causing it to be compressed and thinned, thereby absorbing the outward expansion of the concrete; the main reinforcement 2 in the structural column and the stirrups 3 in the structural column are arranged in the hollow T-shaped cage liner; on the top port of the left side free support formwork block 4, a left side free support formwork block top tongue 6 is arranged, and the left side free support formwork block top tongue 6 is a closed step profile with a high outer side and a low inner side; on the bottom port of the left side free support formwork block 4, a left side free support formwork block bottom tongue 7 is arranged, and the left side free support formwork block bottom tongue 7 is a closed step wheel with a low outer side and a high inner side. The right end of the left side free formwork block 4 is provided with a tongue and groove 10 at the right end of the left side free formwork block; the top end of the right side free formwork block 5 is provided with a tongue and groove 8 at the top end of the right side free formwork block, the bottom end of the right side free formwork block 5 is provided with a tongue and groove 9 at the bottom end of the right side free formwork block, and the left end of the right side free formwork block 5 is provided with a tongue and groove 11 at the left end of the right side free formwork block; the left side free formwork block 4 is butted together with the tongue and groove 10 at the right end of the left side free formwork block and the tongue and groove 11 at the left end of the right side free formwork block 5; these tongues and grooves are butted in the form of steps to effectively close the butt joints and avoid the overflow of concrete in the closed hollow hole through the masonry joints.

[0013] A left wedge block 14 is fixedly arranged on the rear left outer side elevation of the left free formwork block 4, and a right wedge block 17 is fixedly arranged on the rear right outer side elevation of the right free formwork block 5; a left wedge block insertion wedge groove 16 is arranged on the right end side elevation of the left wall block 15, the rear left outer side elevation of the left free formwork block 4 and the right end side elevation of the left wall block 15 are abutted together, and the left wedge block 14 is inserted into the left wedge block insertion wedge groove 16; A right wedge block is inserted into a wedge groove 19 on the left end side facade, and the rear right outer side facade of the right side formwork-free building block 5 is abutted against the left end side facade of the right wall building block 18, and the right wedge block 17 is inserted into the right wedge block insertion wedge groove 19. Through the cooperation between the wedge block and the wedge block insertion wedge groove, the masonry wall is limited to the formwork-free building block to avoid its displacement and mold running; the front side facade of the T-shaped cage outline building block is abutted against the rear end side facade of the front wall building block 19.

[0014] The modulus of the hollow T-shaped cage block formed by docking the left-side free formwork block 4 with the right-side free formwork block 5, the modulus of the wall block 15, the modulus of the right wall block 18 and the modulus of the front wall block 20 are the same, so that the free formwork blocks and the wall blocks are built in the same layer; the upper and lower adjacent hollow T-shaped cage blocks are all overlapped together through the block tongue and groove; self-compacting concrete is poured in the hollow T-shaped cage that runs through from top to bottom.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a T-shaped structural column in a masonry wall and a masonry wall, comprising a left-side free-formwork block (4), a right-side free-formwork block (5), a left elastic wall liner (12), and a right elastic wall liner (13), wherein the shape of the left elastic wall liner (12) is completely the same as the shape of the left-side free-formwork block (4), and the shape of the right elastic wall liner (13) is completely the same as the shape of the right-side free-formwork block (5), a left wedge-shaped block (14) is fixedly arranged on the rear left outer side elevation of the left-side free-formwork block (4), and a right wedge-shaped block (17) is fixedly arranged on the rear right outer side elevation of the right-side free-formwork block (5); a T-shaped structural column casting space (1) is arranged on the floor slab, and a structural column inner main reinforcement (2) and a structural column inner stirrup (3) are arranged in the T-shaped structural column casting space (1), It is characterized by the following steps: The first step is to embed a left elastic wall liner (12) into the inner cavity of the left free-formwork building block (4), and embed a right elastic wall liner (13) into the inner cavity of the right free-formwork building block (5); The second step is to lay the left side free formwork block (4) embedded with the left elastic wall liner (12) on the left side of the T-shaped structural column casting space (1), and lay the right side free formwork block (5) embedded with the right elastic wall liner (13) on the right side of the T-shaped structural column casting space (1), so that the left side free formwork block (4) and the right side free formwork block (5) are connected to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline block, and the left elastic wall liner (12) and the right elastic wall liner (13) are connected to form a hollow T-shaped cage outline liner, and the structural column inner main reinforcement (2) and the structural column inner stirrup (3) are arranged in the hollow T-shaped cage outline liner; Step 3: a left wedge-shaped block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove (16) on the right end side elevation of the left wall block (15), and a right wedge-shaped block is inserted into the wedge-shaped groove (19) on the left end side elevation of the right wall block (18); Step 4: Lay the left wall block (15) on the left side of the left free formwork block (4), so that the left wedge block (14) is inserted into the left wedge block insertion wedge groove (16); lay the right wall block (18) on the right side of the right free formwork block (5), so that the right wedge block (17) is inserted into the right wedge block insertion wedge groove (19); lay the front wall block (20) on the front side of the T-shaped cage block; then, complete the laying of other blocks of the current layer of the T-shaped masonry wall; Step 5: a left tie-bar embedding groove (21) is provided on the top surface of the left wall block (15), a right tie-bar embedding groove (22) is provided on the top surface of the right wall block (18), and a front tie-bar embedding groove (23) is provided on the top surface of the front wall block (20); Step 6: tie the right end of the left transverse tie steel bar (24) to the main reinforcement (2) and the stirrup (3) in the structural column, and embed the left part of the left transverse tie steel bar (24) into the left tie steel bar embedding groove (21); tie the left end of the right transverse tie steel bar (25) to the main reinforcement (2) and the stirrup (3) in the structural column, and embed the right part of the right transverse tie steel bar (25) into the right tie steel bar embedding groove (22); tie the rear end of the front transverse tie steel bar (26) to the main reinforcement (2) and the stirrup (3) in the structural column, and embed the front part of the front transverse tie steel bar (26) into the front tie steel bar embedding groove (23); Step 7: Repeat step 4 to complete the construction of the upper layer of masonry, and the upper and lower layers of masonry blocks are constructed using cement mortar; Step 8. When the masonry wall is built to the top, a concrete pouring horn is set on the T-shaped cage block at the top; Step 9: Pour self-compacting concrete into the hollow inner space of the T-shaped cage through the concrete pouring trumpet to complete the construction of the structural column.

2. A method for constructing a T-shaped structural column and a masonry wall in a masonry wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A left-side free-support formwork block top end tongue (6) is provided on the top end of the left-side free-support formwork block (4), a left-side free-support formwork block bottom end tongue (7) is provided on the bottom end of the left-side free-support formwork block (4), a left-side free-support formwork block right end tongue (10) is provided on the right end of the left-side free-support formwork block (4); a right-side free-support formwork block top end tongue (10) is provided on the top end of the right-side free-support formwork block (5), and a right-side free-support formwork block bottom end tongue (11) is provided on the bottom end of the left-side free-support formwork block (4). The tongue (8) is provided with a right side free formwork block bottom end tongue (9) on the bottom end of the right side free formwork block (5), and a right side free formwork block left end tongue (11) is provided on the left end of the right side free formwork block (5); the left side free formwork block (4) is butted together with the right side free formwork block left end tongue (11) of the right side free formwork block (5) through the left side free formwork block right end tongue (10).

3. A method for constructing a T-shaped structural column and a masonry wall in a masonry wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modulus of the hollow T-shaped cage block formed by the butt joint of the left-side free formwork block (4) and the right-side free formwork block (5), the modulus of the wall block (15), the modulus of the right wall block (18) and the modulus of the front wall block (20) are the same; the upper and lower adjacent hollow T-shaped cage blocks are all overlapped together by means of the block tongue and groove.

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