Intelligent window based on dynamic passive radiation refrigeration

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent window based on dynamic passive radiation refrigeration, belongs to the technical field of building windows, and aims to solve the problem that a building cannot obtain heating in winter and cooling in summer at the same time through passive radiation refrigeration. Comprising a window frame, two layers of glass base materials are arranged in the window frame in a spaced mode, a thermochromic film is arranged between the two layers of glass base materials, the thermochromic film is composed of an ITO film layer and a VO2 layer, and when the outdoor temperature is low in winter, the thermochromic film is in an insulating phase lower than the phase change temperature, the near-infrared light emissivity is low, and the thermochromic film is in an insulating phase lower than the phase change temperature. The thermochromic film can reduce heat loss caused by indoor heat radiation; when the outdoor temperature is high in summer, the thermochromic film is in a metal phase higher than the phase change temperature, the near-infrared light emissivity is remarkably increased, and the thermochromic film can prevent external heat radiation from entering a room.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building windows, and in particular relates to a smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of the global energy crisis and climate change, building energy consumption has become one of the important factors affecting sustainable development. Traditional building windows have limitations in terms of lighting, insulation and energy efficiency, making it difficult to balance the needs of winter heating and summer cooling. In recent years, passive radiant cooling technology has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to dissipate building heat to the outdoors without additional energy consumption. However, existing passive radiant cooling materials usually respond to a single environmental condition and are difficult to adapt to the complex needs of high temperatures in summer and low temperatures in winter at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling to solve the problem that passive radiation cooling is difficult to adapt to both high summer temperatures and low winter temperatures, so that the building can achieve winter heating and summer cooling performance. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling includes a window frame, two layers of glass substrate are arranged in the window frame, a thermochromic film is arranged between the two layers of glass substrate, and the thermochromic film is composed of an ITO film layer and a VO 2 Layer composition.

[0005] Furthermore, the thickness of the ITO thin film layer is 500 μm.

[0006] Furthermore, the VO 2 The thickness of the layer was 70 μm.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermochromic film is attached to the inner glass substrate, and a heat-responsive roller blind is arranged between the outer glass substrate and the thermochromic film. The heat-responsive roller blind includes a transparent bidirectional shape memory polymer film and a plurality of Fe2O3 electrodes arranged on the bidirectional shape memory polymer film from top to bottom. 3 O 4 The upper edge of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film is connected to the window frame, and several Fe 3 O 4 The membrane is set on the side of the bidirectional shape memory polymer membrane facing the outdoors. When the bidirectional shape memory polymer membrane reaches the response temperature under sunlight, the lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer membrane naturally sags, and some Fe 3 O 4 The film blocks sunlight, and some Fe 3 O 4The film transfers the absorbed sunlight heat to the thermochromic film, so that the thermochromic film is heated to accelerate the increase of infrared light emissivity. When the ambient temperature is lower than the response temperature of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film, the lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film curls upward, and the bidirectional shape memory polymer film forms a multi-layered cylindrical shape. The bidirectional shape memory polymer film will be several Fe 3 O 4 The film is wrapped inside and the thermochromic film is exposed.

[0008] Furthermore, Fe 3 O 4 The thickness of the film was 200 μm.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. The thermochromic film is made of 70μm thick VO deposited on 500μm thick ITO film. 2 It has a good transmittance of 70% and can modulate the infrared emission state without affecting the lighting. In winter, when the outdoor temperature is low, the thermochromic film is in an insulating phase below the phase transition temperature, and the near-infrared light emissivity is low, so that the thermochromic film can reduce the heat loss caused by indoor thermal radiation; in summer, when the outdoor temperature is high, the thermochromic film is in a metallic phase above the phase transition temperature, and the near-infrared light emissivity is significantly increased, so that the thermochromic film can block the external thermal radiation from entering the room.

[0011] 2. The thermal responsive rolling shutter consists of a transparent bidirectional shape memory polymer film and several Fe layers with a thickness of 200 μm deposited on it. 3 O 4 The bidirectional shape memory polymer film can be artificially designed to have two shapes at high and low temperatures, and can switch between the curled and stretched states as the temperature changes. When the temperature is high in summer, the bidirectional shape memory polymer film is in a stretched state. 3 O 4 The membrane is exposed, and some Fe 3 O 4 The film can block sunlight from entering the room. At the same time, it can effectively absorb solar radiation to increase the temperature and accelerate the color change process of the thermochromic film. When the temperature is low in winter, the bidirectional shape memory polymer film is curled up, and the thermal response roller shutter is rolled up like a rolling door, reducing the shielding of solar radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the thermal response roller shutter in a high temperature environment in summer;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the thermal response roller shutter in a low temperature environment in winter;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a comparative curve diagram of indoor temperature test when the present invention is used in summer compared with that when ordinary glass is used;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a comparative curve chart of indoor temperature test when the present invention is used in winter compared with that when ordinary glass is used.

[0017] In the figure, 1. glass substrate, 2. thermochromic film, 3. thermal response roller blind, 4. window frame, 5. bidirectional shape memory polymer film, 6. Fe 3 O 4 membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described below by the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention.

[0019] The connection mentioned in the present invention is divided into fixed connection and detachable connection. The fixed connection is a non-detachable connection including but not limited to conventional fixed connection methods such as folding connection, rivet connection, bonding connection and welding connection. The detachable connection includes but not limited to conventional detachable methods such as bolt connection, snap connection, pin connection and hinge connection. When the specific connection method is not clearly defined, it is assumed that at least one connection method can be found in the existing connection methods to achieve the function, and those skilled in the art can choose according to their needs. For example: welding connection is selected for fixed connection, and bolt connection is selected for detachable connection.

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are provided to explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0021] Example: Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, a smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling includes a window frame 4, two layers of glass substrate 1 are arranged in the window frame 4, a thermochromic film 2 is arranged between the two layers of glass substrate 1, and the thermochromic film 2 is composed of an ITO film layer and a VO 2 Layer composition.

[0022] The thickness of the ITO film layer is 500 μm.

[0023] The VO 2 The thickness of the layer was 70 μm.

[0024] Thermochromic film 2 is made of 70 μm thick VO deposited on 500 μm thick ITO film. 2 It has a good transmittance of 70% and can modulate the infrared emission state without affecting the lighting. In winter, when the outdoor temperature is low, the thermochromic film 2 is in an insulating phase below the phase transition temperature, and the near-infrared light emissivity is low, so that the thermochromic film 2 can reduce the heat loss caused by indoor thermal radiation; in summer, when the outdoor temperature is high, the thermochromic film 2 is in a metallic phase above the phase transition temperature, and the near-infrared light emissivity is significantly increased, so that the thermochromic film 2 can block the external thermal radiation from entering the room.

[0025] The thermochromic film 2 is attached to the inner glass substrate 1, and a heat-responsive rolling curtain 3 is arranged between the outer glass substrate 1 and the thermochromic film 2. The heat-responsive rolling curtain 3 includes a transparent bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 and a plurality of Fe 3 O 4 The upper edge of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 is connected to the window frame 4, and a plurality of Fe 3 O 4 The film 6 is arranged on the side of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 facing the outside. When the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 reaches the response temperature under the sunlight, the lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 sags naturally. 3 O 4 Film 6 blocks sunlight, while some Fe 3 O 4 The film 6 transfers the absorbed sunlight heat to the thermochromic film 2, so that the thermochromic film 2 is heated to accelerate the increase of infrared light emissivity. When the ambient temperature is lower than the response temperature of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5, the lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 curls upward, and the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 forms a multi-layered cylindrical shape. The bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 has several Fe 3 O 4 The film 6 is wrapped inside and the thermochromic thin film 2 is exposed.

[0026] Fe 3 O 4 The thickness of the film 6 was 200 μm.

[0027] The thermal response rolling curtain 3 is composed of a transparent bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 and a plurality of Fe 3 O 4 The bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 can be designed to have two shapes at high and low temperatures, and can switch between the curled and stretched states as the temperature changes. When the temperature is high in summer, the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 is in a stretched state, such as Figure 2As shown, at this time Fe 3 O 4 Film 6 is exposed, and some Fe 3 O 4 The film 6 can block sunlight from entering the room, and at the same time, can effectively absorb solar radiation to increase the temperature and accelerate the color change process of the thermochromic film 2. When the temperature is low in winter, the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 is in a curled state, such as Figure 3 As shown, the lower end of the thermal response roller shutter 3 is rolled up like a roller shutter door, thereby reducing the shielding of solar radiation.

[0028] Dynamic thermal management can be achieved through the coordinated regulation of the thermochromic film 2 and the thermal responsive roller blind 3. When the temperature is high in summer, the thermal responsive roller blind 3 is in an extended state, and the Fe 3 O 4 The film 6 can increase the temperature between the two layers of glass substrate 1 under sunlight, and the thermochromic film 2 reaches the phase transition temperature and changes color to increase the long-wave infrared emissivity, thus playing a dynamic passive radiation cooling role. 3 O 4 The film 6 has a limited heating capacity. When the temperature rises to a certain value, the temperature between the two layers of glass substrate 1 is in a relatively stable state. While preventing the summer ambient heat from entering the room, the good thermal insulation between the double-layer glass substrate 1 also reduces the energy loss of indoor cold to the outdoors. In winter, the ambient temperature drops, the curling degree of the thermal response roller blind 3 gradually increases, and the Fe coated on its surface 3 O 4 The film 6 is wrapped in the bidirectional shape memory polymer film 5 and shielded to prevent the temperature from rising due to sunlight, so that the thermochromic film 2 maintains an insulating state with low long-wave infrared emissivity, allowing more sunlight to penetrate into the room. Moreover, under the heat preservation effect of the two layers of glass substrate 1, the heat transfer loss from indoor to outdoor is also reduced, effectively reducing the energy loss caused by heat exchange in the winter environment. Figure 4 The indoor temperature test comparison data of the present invention when used in summer compared with that of ordinary glass is given. Figure 5 The indoor temperature test comparison data of the present invention when used in winter compared with that of ordinary glass is given. When the smart window of the present invention is used, the indoor temperature in summer is reduced by 2.5°C and the indoor temperature in winter is increased by 1°C compared with ordinary glass. The smart window of the present invention can significantly reduce building energy consumption and improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0029] The above embodiments are merely exemplary descriptions of the present invention and do not limit its protection scope. Those skilled in the art may also make partial changes thereto, which are within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they do not exceed the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling, comprising a window frame (4), characterized in that: Two layers of glass substrate (1) are arranged at intervals in the window frame (4), a thermochromic film (2) is arranged between the two layers of glass substrate (1), and the thermochromic film (2) is composed of an ITO film layer and a VO2 layer.

2. According to claim 1, a smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling is characterized in that: The thickness of the ITO thin film layer is 500 μm.

3. According to claim 1, a smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling is characterized in that: The thickness of the VO2 layer is 70 μm.

4. A smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A thermochromic film (2) is attached to an inner glass substrate (1), and a heat-responsive rolling curtain (3) is arranged between the outer glass substrate (1) and the thermochromic film (2). The heat-responsive rolling curtain (3) comprises a transparent bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) and a plurality of Fe3O4 films (6) arranged on the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) from top to bottom. The upper edge of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) is connected to a window frame (4), and the plurality of Fe3O4 films (6) are arranged on the side of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) facing outdoors. When the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) reaches a response temperature under sunlight, The lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) droops naturally, and a plurality of Fe3O4 films (6) block the sunlight. At the same time, the plurality of Fe3O4 films (6) transfer the absorbed sunlight heat to the thermochromic film (2), so that the thermochromic film (2) is heated to accelerate the increase of infrared light emissivity. When the ambient temperature is lower than the response temperature of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5), the lower end of the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) curls upward, and the bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) forms a multi-layered cylindrical shape. The bidirectional shape memory polymer film (5) covers the plurality of Fe3O4 films (6) and exposes the thermochromic film (2).

5. The smart window based on dynamic passive radiation cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the Fe3O4 film (6) is 200 μm.

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