Liquid production profile testing string based on photoelectric transmission and testing method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil and gas well testing and production technology, specifically a production profile testing string and method based on photoelectric transmission. The former includes a photoelectric composite cable and, from top to bottom, coiled tubing, a centralizer, a bridle, and a dipole acoustic logging tool connected together. The photoelectric composite cable passes through the coiled tubing and connects to the dipole acoustic logging tool, and the photoelectric composite cable can collect temperature and sound data. The latter includes the following steps: First, assembling the production profile testing string based on photoelectric transmission. This invention has a reasonable and compact structure, realizing integrated monitoring of the production profile and dipole acoustic logging in gas-producing horizontal wells. It reduces the number of coiled tubing runs, shortens the testing cycle and reduces costs, and provides guidance for reservoir and fracturing effect evaluation. Based on temperature and sound data, combined with dipole acoustic logging evaluation results, high-precision production profile interpretation results are obtained, which can optimize fracturing stimulation schemes and improve fracture development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas well testing and production technology, and is a production profile testing string and testing method based on photoelectric transmission. Background Technology

[0002] In the future, most of the oil and gas reservoirs faced by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) will be low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs. Fracturing of these reservoirs has become one of the main methods for increasing oilfield production. It has been proven that multi-stage, clustered volumetric fracturing in horizontal wells has become a key technology for improving energy return (EUR) and efficient development. However, due to the strong heterogeneity of the reservoirs, the production capacity varies greatly after staged fracturing. Therefore, it is urgent to understand the fracturing and fracture creation under different fracturing processes and construction parameters, as well as the production capacity effect of each stage and cluster after fracturing. This will provide important basis for verifying the classification of sweet spot reservoirs and optimizing fracturing stimulation schemes.

[0003] Patent application number 201910644976.5, entitled "A Method and Apparatus for Evaluating the Effect of Formation Hydraulic Fracturing," discloses a method that involves array acoustic logging within a depth range to construct dipole acoustic logging data from different orientations. This data is then filtered and normalized to calculate the energy envelope of scattered waves before and after fracturing. The difference in shear wave velocity and scattered wave energy between the two locations is used to jointly evaluate the fracturing effect around the wellbore. The advantage of this method is that it can evaluate the fracturing effect along the wellbore direction and also within a radial range of tens of meters around the wellbore.

[0004] An article titled "Research on Evaluation Method of Fracturing Effect in Low-Permeability Reservoirs Based on Dipole Acoustic Logging Data" discloses that by comparing the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing, the longitudinal extension height and the complexity of fracture development can be accurately identified.

[0005] The patent document with application number CN201910640346.0, entitled "A Production Profile Monitoring Method Based on Distributed Fiber Optic Sound Monitoring and Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Monitoring," discloses that the sound signal reflected from a single-mode acoustic fiber and the temperature signal reflected from a multi-mode temperature fiber are processed using a DTS / DAS injection-production well production profile interpretation module to obtain the real-time flow rate and water content of each production section of the injection-production well. This method can achieve "full well section production profile testing with a single well entry operation."

[0006] Dipole acoustic logging and production profile monitoring are two testing methods that can evaluate reservoir and fracturing effects from different perspectives. Each technology has its advantages, with distributed fiber optic monitoring showing a clear advantage over array multi-probe testing technology for gas well production profile monitoring. However, currently, some wells use dipole acoustic logging while others use production profile monitoring; it's rare to see both technologies used simultaneously in a single well. Even when both technologies are used, multiple well runs are required for measurement. The advantages of the two evaluation technologies are not effectively complementary. There is an urgent need for a production profile testing string and method based on photoelectric transmission technology to reduce the overall testing cycle and cost of downhole production profile and dipole acoustic logging, comprehensively evaluate reservoir and fracturing effects from different perspectives, and achieve accurate evaluation of reservoir and fracturing effects. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a production profile testing string and testing method based on photoelectric transmission, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art. It can effectively solve the problems of long construction cycle and high cost of existing methods for monitoring the production profile of gas-producing horizontal wells and dipole sonic logging.

[0008] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a production profile testing string based on photoelectric transmission, comprising a photoelectric composite cable and coiled tubing, a centralizer, a bridle, and a dipole acoustic logging tool connected together from top to bottom. The photoelectric composite cable passes through the coiled tubing and is connected to the dipole acoustic logging tool, and the photoelectric composite cable is capable of acquiring temperature data and sound data.

[0009] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to one of the above-mentioned technical solutions:

[0010] The aforementioned optoelectronic composite cable may include at least three single-mode optical fibers, at least one multimode optical fiber, and at least one cable. One single-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data, one multimode optical fiber is used to collect sound data, and the cable and the other two single-mode optical fibers are all connected to a dipole acoustic logging tool.

[0011] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a testing method, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The first step is to assemble a product profile test column based on photoelectric transmission;

[0013] The second step is to clean the wellbore and run in a production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. After running the string 450 to 550 meters into the well, check the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. If it is normal, continue running it; if it is not normal, pull it out and check it.

[0014] The third step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well to collect sound data and formation temperature data. After the data collection is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled up at a constant speed. The dipole acoustic logging tool monitors the formation anisotropy. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out.

[0015] The fourth step is to perform staged fracturing of the horizontal well, followed by fluid drainage and trial production.

[0016] Fifth, clean the sand and debris out of the well, then shut the well in and repeat step two.

[0017] The sixth step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well. With the well shut in, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again. The well is then opened, and production is preferably achieved with 2 to 3 nozzles. When production is stable, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again.

[0018] Step 7: Shut down the well and raise the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission at a constant second speed. The dipole sonic logging tool monitors the anisotropy of the formation. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out.

[0019] The eighth step involves analyzing the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing based on dipole sonic logging data, evaluating the fracturing initiation of each perforation cluster, fracture height, and the degree of fracturing network development; and obtaining high-precision interpretation results of the production profile based on production profile monitoring data and combined with the evaluation results of dipole sonic logging.

[0020] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to the second technical solution of the above invention:

[0021] The first step is to assemble the photoelectric transmission-based production profile test string and check whether the photoelectric transmission-based production profile test string is working properly. If it is, proceed to the second step; otherwise, check the integrated gas well production profile and downhole television test string.

[0022] The second speed mentioned above is 5 to 7 meters per minute.

[0023] The second speed mentioned above is the same as the first speed.

[0024] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure and is easy to use. It achieves integrated monitoring of production profiles and dipole acoustic logging in gas-producing horizontal wells, reducing the number of coiled tubing runs, shortening the testing cycle and cost, and providing guidance for reservoir and fracturing effect evaluation. Based on temperature and sound data, combined with dipole acoustic logging evaluation results, it obtains high-precision production profile interpretation results, which can optimize fracturing stimulation schemes and improve fracture development. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front sectional structure when used in Example 1.

[0026] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 for coiled tubing, 2 for centralizer, 3 for bridle, 4 for dipole acoustic logging tool, and 5 for photoelectric composite cable. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0028] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc. The positional relationships are determined based on the layout direction of the attached diagram in the instruction manual.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0030] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figure 1 As shown, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission includes a photoelectric composite cable 5 and a continuous tubing 1, a centralizer 2, a bridle 3, and a dipole acoustic logging tool 4 connected together from top to bottom. The photoelectric composite cable 5 passes through the continuous tubing 1 and is connected to the dipole acoustic logging tool 4. The photoelectric composite cable 5 can collect temperature data and sound data.

[0031] This invention achieves integrated monitoring of production profile and dipole acoustic logging in gas-producing horizontal wells, reducing the number of runs of coiled tubing, shortening the testing cycle and cost, and providing guidance for reservoir and fracturing effect evaluation. Based on temperature and sound data, combined with dipole acoustic logging evaluation results, high-precision production profile interpretation results can be obtained, which can optimize fracturing stimulation schemes and improve the degree of fracture development.

[0032] The above-mentioned photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0033] Example 2: As an optimization of the above example, the optoelectronic composite cable 5 includes at least three single-mode optical fibers, at least one multimode optical fiber, and at least one cable. One single-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data, one multimode optical fiber is used to collect sound data, and the cable and the other two single-mode optical fibers are connected to the dipole acoustic logging tool 4.

[0034] As required, the cable is used to power the dipole acoustic logging tool 4; the single-mode fiber is a known distributed fiber optic temperature sensing system (DTS), and the multimode fiber is a known distributed fiber optic acoustic sensing system (DAS). This allows for the acquisition of accurate downhole temperature and sound data.

[0035] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, the test method includes the following steps:

[0036] The first step is to assemble a product profile test column based on photoelectric transmission;

[0037] The second step is to clean the wellbore and run in a production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. After running the string 450 to 550 meters into the well, check the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. If it is normal, continue running it; if it is not normal, pull it out and check it.

[0038] The third step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well to collect sound data and formation temperature data. After the data collection is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled up at a constant speed. The dipole acoustic logging tool 4 monitors the formation anisotropy. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out.

[0039] The fourth step is to perform staged fracturing of the horizontal well, followed by fluid drainage and trial production.

[0040] Fifth, clean the sand and debris out of the well, then shut the well in and repeat step two.

[0041] The sixth step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well. With the well shut in, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again. The well is then opened, and production is preferably achieved with 2 to 3 nozzles. When production is stable, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again.

[0042] Step 7: Shut down the well and pull up the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission at a constant second speed. The second speed is the same as the first speed, which is 5 to 7 meters per minute. The dipole sonic logging tool 4 monitors the anisotropy of the formation. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, pull out the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission.

[0043] The eighth step involves analyzing the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing based on the dipole sonic logging data, evaluating the fracturing initiation of each perforation cluster, fracture height, and the degree of fracturing network development; and obtaining high-precision production profile interpretation results based on acoustic data and formation temperature data, combined with the evaluation results of dipole sonic logging.

[0044] In this way, the production profile interpretation results can be used to analyze the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing based on dipole sonic logging data, and to evaluate the fracturing initiation, fracture height, and fracture network development of each perforation cluster. Based on the production profile monitoring data and combined with the evaluation results of dipole sonic logging, high-precision production profile interpretation results can be obtained, which can optimize the fracturing stimulation scheme and improve the degree of fracture development.

[0045] The above testing methods can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0046] Example 4: As an optimization of the above example, the first step is to assemble the photoelectric transmission-based production profile testing string and check whether it is working properly. If it is, proceed to the second step; otherwise, check the integrated gas well production profile and downhole television testing string. This allows for timely detection of abnormalities in the photoelectric transmission-based production profile testing string, avoiding monitoring failures due to downhole anomalies and reducing monitoring costs.

[0047] The specific process of the test method in this embodiment is as follows:

[0048] The first step was to assemble a 6600-meter-long optical-electric composite cable 5 for testing the liquid production profile based on optical-electric transmission. Ground testing showed that the optical-electric transmission-based liquid production profile test string was working normally.

[0049] The second step is to clean the wellbore of horizontal gas well N1901, with a vertical depth of 3500 meters and a horizontal section length of 1000 meters. Before fracturing well N1901, the wellbore is cleaned and a production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is run in. After running in the well for 500 meters, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is tested and found to be working normally before continuing to run in.

[0050] The third step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission to a depth of 4500 meters at the bottom of the artificial well to collect formation temperature and sound data. The production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is then raised at a constant speed of 6 meters per minute. The dipole acoustic logging tool 4 monitors the formation anisotropy. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out.

[0051] The fourth step was to perform 19 stages of fracturing on well N1901, followed by fluid drainage and trial production.

[0052] The fifth step is to drill the fracturing bridge plug from the wellbore, clean the sand and debris from the horizontal gas well, then shut in the well and run in the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. After running the string 500 meters into the well, test it to ensure that it is working properly and then continue running it in.

[0053] The sixth step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission to a depth of 4500 meters at the bottom of the artificial well. With the well shut in, formation temperature and sound data are collected. The well is then opened, and two nozzles, 3mm and 4mm, are selected for production. Once production is stable, formation temperature and sound data are collected.

[0054] Step 7: After completing the fiber optic production profile monitoring, shut in the well and raise the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission at a constant second speed of 6 m / min. The dipole sonic logging tool 4 monitors the formation anisotropy. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, raise the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission.

[0055] Step 8: Based on dipole sonic logging data, the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing was analyzed. It was determined that perforation clusters 2, 3, 9, and 12 did not initiate fracturing, while perforation clusters 1, 5, 13, 18, and 19 developed fracture networks. Based on production profile monitoring data, the production contribution rate of each cluster was obtained, with perforation clusters 3, 9, 13, 18, and 19 being the most significant contributors. A comprehensive analysis of the monitoring results showed that, based on the reservoir classification standards established from the logging data, perforation clusters 3 and 9 correspond to Class I sweet spot reservoirs, perforation clusters 13 and 18 to Class II sweet spot reservoirs, and perforation clusters 1, 5, 12, and 19 to Class III and IV sweet spot reservoirs. This reflects that good reservoir properties and the formation of complex fracture networks during fracturing are important factors for achieving high production. It also confirms the accuracy of the reservoir classification standards. In future work, efforts should be made to improve the drilling rate of high-quality reservoirs, optimize fracturing stimulation programs, and enhance fracture development.

[0056] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. A testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column, characterized in that... The production profile testing string based on photoelectric transmission includes a photoelectric composite cable and coiled tubing, centralizer, bridle and dipole acoustic logging tool connected together from top to bottom. The photoelectric composite cable passes through the coiled tubing and is connected to the dipole acoustic logging tool. The photoelectric composite cable can collect temperature data and sound data. The testing method using the photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing string includes the following steps: The first step is to assemble a product profile test column based on photoelectric transmission; The second step is to clean the wellbore and run in a production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. After running the string 450 to 550 meters into the well, check the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission. If it is normal, continue running it; if it is not normal, pull it out and check it. The third step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well to collect sound data and formation temperature data. After the data collection is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled up at a constant speed. The dipole acoustic logging tool monitors the formation anisotropy. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out. The fourth step is to perform staged fracturing of the horizontal well, followed by fluid drainage and trial production. Fifth, clean the sand and debris out of the well, then shut the well in and repeat step two. The sixth step involves lowering the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission into the bottom of the artificial well. With the well shut in, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again. The well is then opened, and production is preferably achieved with 2 to 3 nozzles. When production is stable, sound data and formation temperature data are collected again. Step 7: Shut down the well and raise the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission at a constant second speed. The dipole sonic logging tool monitors the anisotropy of the formation. After the horizontal section monitoring is completed, the production profile test string based on photoelectric transmission is pulled out. The eighth step involves analyzing the anisotropy of the formation before and after fracturing based on dipole sonic logging data, evaluating the fracturing initiation of each perforation cluster, fracture height, and the degree of fracturing network development; and obtaining high-precision production profile interpretation results based on production profile monitoring data and combined with dipole sonic logging evaluation results. Based on the production profile monitoring data, the production contribution rate of each perforation group was obtained, the most important contributing segment was identified, the monitoring results were comprehensively analyzed, and the accuracy of the reservoir classification criteria for each perforation group was verified.

2. The testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column according to claim 1, characterized in that... The optical-electric composite cable includes at least three single-mode optical fibers, at least one multimode optical fiber, and at least one cable. One single-mode optical fiber is used to collect temperature data, one multimode optical fiber is used to collect sound data, and the cable and the other two single-mode optical fibers are connected to a dipole acoustic logging tool.

3. The testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column according to claim 1, characterized in that... The first step is to assemble the photoelectric transmission-based production profile test string and check whether the photoelectric transmission-based production profile test string is working properly. If it is, proceed to the second step; otherwise, check the integrated gas well production profile and downhole television test string.

4. The testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that... The second speed is 5 to 7 meters per minute.

5. The testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing string according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that... The second speed is the same as the first speed.

6. The testing method using a photoelectric transmission-based product profile testing column according to claim 4, characterized in that... The second speed is the same as the first speed.

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